EP2132818A2 - Procédé de contrôle de l'étanchéité d'un empilement de cellules électrochimiques - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle de l'étanchéité d'un empilement de cellules électrochimiques

Info

Publication number
EP2132818A2
EP2132818A2 EP08748721A EP08748721A EP2132818A2 EP 2132818 A2 EP2132818 A2 EP 2132818A2 EP 08748721 A EP08748721 A EP 08748721A EP 08748721 A EP08748721 A EP 08748721A EP 2132818 A2 EP2132818 A2 EP 2132818A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
voltage curve
voltage
evaluation
temporal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08748721A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Reinert
Björn Erik MAI
Jeremy Lawrence
Stefan Megel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Staxera GmbH
Original Assignee
Staxera GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Staxera GmbH filed Critical Staxera GmbH
Publication of EP2132818A2 publication Critical patent/EP2132818A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for checking the tightness of a fuel cell stack.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for sensitive leak testing of a fuel cell stack with little effort available.
  • the invention consists in a method for checking the tightness of a fuel cell stack, comprising the steps:
  • the fuel cell stack is flooded in the context of this method, preferably at operating temperature for a certain period of time with operating gases.
  • operating gases for this purpose, in particular air for the cathode space and Formiergas, that is 95% nitrogen with 5% hydrogen, in question.
  • the cell or cell group voltages also change. If the fuel cell stack is tight, this voltage change takes place in a reproducible or predictable manner. The observation of the cell or cell group voltages can therefore provide an indication as to whether the cell stack is actually dense or which cells or cell groups have leaks.
  • the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve takes into account the temporal voltage profile itself. It can also be provided that the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve takes into account the first derivation of the voltage profile after the time.
  • the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve takes into account the second derivative of the voltage curve over time.
  • derivatives of a higher degree can also be taken into account in the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve, although as a rule the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve itself, the first derivative of the voltage curve and possibly also the second derivative of the voltage curve are sufficient.
  • the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve comprises a comparison of temporal voltage profiles of different cells or cell groups. Does the voltage curve of certain cells or cell groups differ from that of the other cells or
  • the evaluation of the temporal voltage curve comprises a comparison of temporal voltage profiles with the temporal voltage profiles expected in the case of sufficient tightness.
  • a specific voltage profile is to be expected after the defined change in the gas feed rate.
  • empirical values offer a useful possibility for the determination of abnormalities and, to that extent, for checking the tightness of the cells.
  • the invention is advantageously developed further in that at least one cell or cell group voltage is detected even before the defined changing of the gas feed rate and the defined changing of the at least one gas feed rate occurs after the at least one cell or cell group voltage is substantially constant. This may be the case, for example, after ten minutes of gas loading of the fuel cell stack at the operating temperature, taking into account the usual variations in cell voltages in assessing whether they are to be described as substantially constant.
  • the defined changing of the at least one gas feed rate takes place by completely switching off at least one gas feed.
  • the largest possible change is made with regard to the considered gas supply, so that a great influence on the temporal voltage curve is to be expected. Consequently, the method is particularly sensitive in this way.
  • a further particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the feed rates of the gases supplied to the anode chambers and to the cathode chambers are changed in a defined manner.
  • a voltage value of about 680 mV which is the Ni / NiO oxidation potential, is reached continuously in both gas feeds.
  • Figure 1 shows a typical course of a cell voltage over time
  • Figure 2 shows different courses of cell voltages over time with complete shutdown of the gas supplies
  • FIG. 6 shows different courses of cell voltages or a cell group voltage over the
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical course of a cell voltage over time.
  • the cell voltage waveform starts constant, at which stage the operating gases are supplied at a constant feed rate.
  • time t 1 the supply of both operating gases is stopped, so that the cell voltage drops.
  • This drop comes to a standstill at time t2 at about 680 mV, that is at the Ni / NiO oxidation potential in the case of a fuel cell stack with nickel anodes.
  • the voltage drop can typically take about one hour. This is followed by oxidation of the nickel anodes.
  • Figure 2 shows different courses of cell voltages over time with complete shutdown of the gas supplies.
  • this cell voltage profile the course illustrated by a broken line is particularly noticeable.
  • the voltage reaches the final constant value of about 680 mV much earlier than the other courses, so that with some probability the cell associated with this voltage curve has a leak.
  • FIG. 3 shows different courses of the first derivative of cell voltages with respect to time, plotted against the voltage, with complete shutdown of the gas feeds.
  • the first derivative of the cell voltage over time records the drop rate of tension. This decrease takes place with a characteristic course, whereby two areas with conspicuous maxima are characteristic. The maximum shortly before reaching the final constant voltage value is particularly striking.
  • FIG. 4 shows different courses of the first derivative of cell voltages with respect to time plotted against time with complete shutdown of the gas feeds. It can be seen that some cells reach the final maximum earlier than other cells, indicating leaks in these cells.
  • FIG. 5 shows various courses of the first derivative of cell group voltages with respect to time plotted against time with complete shutdown of the gas feeds. Each of these two curves is assigned to a group of three cells.
  • the solid line has a course that shows no particular abnormalities. In particular, there is a termination maximum before reaching the constant cell voltage value.
  • the broken line shows two maxima (M1, M2), that is, at least one cell of the associated triplet reaches the Ni / NiO oxidation potential earlier. Consequently, there is probably a leak in the area of this cell group.
  • FIG. 6 shows different courses of cell voltages or a cell group voltage over time with complete shutdown of the gas feeds.
  • single-cell voltages are plotted with solid lines, while the broken line shows an average of three cells.
  • One of these cells is leaking. It can be seen that the mere evaluation of the cell voltage over time hardly makes it possible for the group to be conspicuous recognize, while this, as explained in connection with Figure 5, by the differential method is quite possible.
  • the results show a strong dependence on the integration of the system in a test bench. It should be noted, for example, whether at least one side of the anode compartment is closed. Furthermore, it should be taken into account how long an open end of the anode compartment, that is to say the tube of the fuel gas outlet, is. Furthermore, great importance is attached to a tight interface between the fuel cell stack and the test bench.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de contrôle de l'étanchéité d'un empilement de cellules électrochimiques, qui consiste à faire fonctionner l'empilement de cellules électrochimiques à des vitesses d'alimentation en gaz définies, à modifier d'une façon définie au moins une vitesse d'alimentation en gaz, à enregistrer au moins une tension d'une cellule ou d'un groupe de cellules et à évaluer la variation dans le temps de ladite au moins une tension d'une cellule ou d'un groupe de cellules.
EP08748721A 2007-04-04 2008-03-31 Procédé de contrôle de l'étanchéité d'un empilement de cellules électrochimiques Withdrawn EP2132818A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007016307A DE102007016307A1 (de) 2007-04-04 2007-04-04 Verfahren zum Überprüfen der Dichtheit eines Brennstoffzellenstapels
PCT/DE2008/000547 WO2008122268A2 (fr) 2007-04-04 2008-03-31 Procédé de contrôle de l'étanchéité d'un empilement de cellules électrochimiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2132818A2 true EP2132818A2 (fr) 2009-12-16

Family

ID=39736170

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08748721A Withdrawn EP2132818A2 (fr) 2007-04-04 2008-03-31 Procédé de contrôle de l'étanchéité d'un empilement de cellules électrochimiques

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20100062290A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2132818A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010521786A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090113335A (fr)
CN (1) CN101657924A (fr)
AU (1) AU2008235130A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0809267A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2679900A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007016307A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA200970921A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008122268A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101706352B (zh) * 2009-11-09 2011-06-01 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 免维护电池大盖气密性检测装置
CN103163470B (zh) * 2011-12-19 2015-04-29 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种一体化可再生燃料电池组可靠性检测方法
DE102016208434B4 (de) * 2016-05-17 2025-06-18 Audi Ag Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Brennstoffzellensystems
US11855320B2 (en) 2022-02-25 2023-12-26 Hydrogenics Corporation Fuel leak detection in fuel cell stack

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19649436C1 (de) * 1996-11-28 1998-01-15 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Erkennen eines Gaslecks
DE10060626A1 (de) * 2000-12-06 2002-06-20 Siemens Ag Verfahren zm Erkennen einer Undichtigkeit in einer Brennstoffzelle
JP4162874B2 (ja) * 2001-07-26 2008-10-08 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池におけるガス漏れ検知方法
JP4434525B2 (ja) * 2001-07-27 2010-03-17 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池の異常検出方法
EP1283557A1 (fr) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode de localisation de fuite de gaz dans un assemblage de piles à combustible
DE10231208B4 (de) * 2002-07-10 2020-06-25 General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) Verfahren zur Untersuchung eines Brennstoffzellensystems
JP4222019B2 (ja) * 2002-12-17 2009-02-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池の診断方法
JP2004335448A (ja) * 2003-04-17 2004-11-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 高分子電解質型燃料電池の運転方法
JP2005063724A (ja) * 2003-08-08 2005-03-10 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料電池システム
JP2005197211A (ja) * 2003-12-09 2005-07-21 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池システム

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008122268A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2008235130A1 (en) 2008-10-16
JP2010521786A (ja) 2010-06-24
WO2008122268A3 (fr) 2009-02-05
KR20090113335A (ko) 2009-10-29
CN101657924A (zh) 2010-02-24
BRPI0809267A2 (pt) 2014-10-07
DE102007016307A1 (de) 2008-10-09
CA2679900A1 (fr) 2008-10-16
WO2008122268A2 (fr) 2008-10-16
EA200970921A1 (ru) 2010-02-26
US20100062290A1 (en) 2010-03-11

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