Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
  • H01J61/02—Details
  • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
  • H01J61/02—Details
  • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
  • H01J61/305—Flat vessels or containers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
  • H01J61/62—Lamps with gaseous cathode, e.g. plasma cathode
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
  • H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
  • H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
  • H01J65/046—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using capacitive means around the vessel

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of flat lamps and more particularly relates to a flat discharge lamp transmitting in the UV and / or visible.
• the discontinuities have diameters of a few fractions of mm to 1 cm so that the UV radiation is emitted by the plasma confined between the electrodes.
• This UV lamp is inserted in a discharge chamber filled with xenon and is used for the decontamination of liquids.
• This UV lamp has the advantage of being powered by a DC or AC voltage and provides a satisfactory power density.
• this UV lamp is fragile, of limited life and use.
• flat lamps consisting of two sheets of glass held with a small spacing relative to each other, generally less than a few millimeters, and hermetically sealed to contain a gas under reduced pressure in which an electric discharge produces radiation generally in the ultraviolet range which excites a photoluminescent material which then emits visible light.
• WO2006 / 090086 discloses a flat discharge lamp which comprises:
• first and second electrodes in the form of transparent uniform layers covering the inner faces of the first and second walls beneath the phosphors
• a conductor for electrical safety in the form of a transparent uniform layer covering the outer face of the first wall.
• the first electrode is at a potential VO of the order of 500 to 700V and the second electrode as the driver are grounded.
• the phosphors are constantly bombarded by the plasma, which weakens it.
• the electrodes are necessarily transparent for illumination by both sides.
• the object of the present invention is to propose a flat discharge lamp that transmits in the ultraviolet (UV) and / or the visible, which is efficient, with an increased lifetime and electrical safety at a lower cost, while remaining robust and easy to use.
• UV ultraviolet
• the object of the present invention is to propose a flat discharge lamp that transmits in the ultraviolet (UV) and / or the visible, which is efficient, with an increased lifetime and electrical safety at a lower cost, while remaining robust and easy to use.
• the present invention proposes a UV and / or visible transmitting discharge flat lamp comprising:
• first and second dielectric walls in particular glass walls facing each other, held parallel (by one or more spacers, by a peripheral frame, etc.) and sealed at the periphery, in particular by at least one sealing gasket, thus delimiting a filled internal space; of plasma gas and comprising a UV and / or visible light source,
• first and second electrodes in distinct planes parallel to the first and second walls, the first electrode being at a potential VO higher than the potential Vl of the second electrode, the first electrode being arranged in the internal space, spaced from the first dielectric wall by the gas (by one or more spacers, by a peripheral frame ...), and closer to the first dielectric wall than the second electrode, the first and second electrodes being separated by a plane electrical insulator, in particular parallel to the walls, with at least one main face, said hole-shaped, provided with through-holes, at least one of the first and second electrodes being in contact with the main face having holes; and having discontinuities at least in the extension of the holes.
• the flat discharge lamp according to the invention combines many advantages:
• UV UV exciter of a light source or other (s) UV, or forming the direct source of a UV lamp
• the electrodes (opaque or transparent, layer, wire, plate ?) that the radiation is emitted via one and / or both walls,
• the first electrode is internal and spaced from the first wall by an insulating gas (the plasma gas) for example from 0.5 mm to a few mm.
• the plasma gas for example from 0.5 mm to a few mm.
• the first electrode is protected by both walls.
• the lamp is compact, easily transportable and manipulable and is used directly in many UV or lighting applications, especially without resorting to an additional discharge chamber.
• the peripheral seal may be made in different ways: - by (at least) a seal (polymeric, silicone type, or mineral, frit type of glass), - by (at least) a frame device bound to the walls (by gluing or any other means for example a film based on glass frit), for example glass.
• a frame may optionally serve as a spacer, replace one or more spacers.
• the insulator may be a simple pierced dielectric, or be a stack of dielectrics (composite laminated insulation for example).
• the electrode with the discontinuities can be on the main face perforated, posed or fixed for any means (adhesive etc) on this main face or partially integrated to this face. More simply, it can be deposited on the main face, especially in the form of a discontinuous layer.
• the electrical insulation can be preferably
• it may comprise (or even consist of) a glass sheet, for example made of glass, in particular silicosodocalcic glass, the first and second electrodes being on the opposite major faces of the electrical insulator.
• the electrical insulator comprises, preferably consists of, the mineral sheet spaced from the first and second dielectric walls, the first and second electrodes being on the main faces of the sheet.
• the mineral sheet may be equidistant from the first and second dielectric walls.
• First holes may be blind, then opening only on the discontinuities of the first electrode (respectively the second electrode).
• the second electrode (respectively the first electrode) can then be indifferently continuous or discontinuous.
• Second possible holes opposite or offset from the first holes, may be blind and opening on the discontinuities of the first electrode (respectively the second electrode). With blind holes, the electrode associated with the face opposite the hole face is protected from plasma bombardment.
• the dielectric barrier between the electrodes is of thickness corresponding to the remaining insulation thickness, preferably low.
• the holes can be through.
• the lamp is no longer dielectric barrier and VO can be further lowered.
• the first and second electrodes may each preferably have discontinuities at least in the extension of the through holes. They undergo only a tangential bombardment (thus of limited intensity) by the sides.
• the mineral sheet may be thin, for example to increase the height of the space between the sheet and each wall for greater electrical safety or to reduce the total height of the lamp for more compactness.
• the thickness of this mineral sheet - even the total thickness of the selected composite electrical insulation - may be for example less than or equal to 5 mm, especially between 0.5 and 2 mm.
• the mineral sheet may advantageously be maintained at constant distances from each of the dielectric walls by a spacer (for example a peripheral frame) or preferably by dielectric spacers, in the internal space.
• the spacers are disposed on either side of the sheet, peripherally or preferably distributed (evenly, uniformly) in the internal space.
• spacers are not conductive to not participate in discharges or short circuit.
• they are predominantly glass, for example silicosodium-calcium glass.
• the spacers may have a spherical shape, cylindrical, cubic or other polygonal section for example cruciform. These spacers can be evenly distributed over the entire surface of the electrical insulation.
• the spacers may also be elongated, for example of rectangular section; and arranged on the periphery. On each side of the sheet, the spacers may form, for example, a peripheral frame preferably associated with a central spacer or with crossed and centered spacers.
• the spacers may be coated with a phosphor identical to or different from the phosphor emitting light and / or UV.
• the spacer (s) may be adhered by a film of mineral preference, such as a glass frit, of a few hundred microns or less in thickness.
• the insulator may be sealed with the first and second dielectric walls at the periphery, for example two peripheral joints on either side of the insulator, preferably of (essentially) mineral material. (glass frit etc).
• two peripheral frames made of glass, etc., for example heat-sealed or bonded with a preferably mineral film such as a glass frit, of a few hundred microns or less in thickness, are chosen.
• the insulator is a mineral sheet of dimensions substantially identical to the dimensions of the first and second dielectric walls.
• the power supply of each electrode, in particular layer is simply by electrically connecting each electrode with a peripheral electrically conductive area of power supply, on the inner main face. insulator game.
• This peripheral electroconductive zone may be (wholly or partially) outside the internal space, or even overflow on the edge of the insulation. This area, for example forming a so-called band
• Bus bar (silver enamel etc) is itself connected, for example solder to a feeding means.
• the seal or seals may be recessed relative to the slices of the walls, for example, from 0.5 to a few mm.
• the first electrode and / or the second electrode in particular a layer, may be protruding on one edge of the lamp, outside the internal space (hence beyond the seal) and be connected to a power supply means directly, especially if the electrode material is silver-based or via this described electroconductive zone.
• the second electrode, the electrical insulator and the first electrode are on the internal face of the second dielectric wall, placed or secured (glued for example by a glass frit, in the form of deposited layers .
• the second electrode, the electrical insulator and the first electrode can form a stack of layers.
• the holes and discontinuities can be made preferably by laser.
• the electrical insulation may be for example a layer of silica, alumina, mica etc.
• the peripheral seal may be recessed with respect to the edges of the walls, for example from 0.5 to a few mm.
• the second electrode in particular a layer deposited on the inner face of the second wall, may extend towards an edge of the lamp, outside the internal space (thus beyond the seal) to facilitate the power supply.
• the second electrode can be connected to an edge of the lamp directly to a power supply cable, especially if the electrode material is silver-based.
• the second electrode may also be in electrical connection with a peripheral electrical supply electroconductive zone on the internal face of the second wall and outside the internal space (entirely or partially). This peripheral electroconductive zone, for example forming a so-called "bus bar" band, (enamel with silver, etc.) is itself connected, for example by soldering to a power cable.
• the electrical insulator may also be a mineral sheet with on its main faces the first electrode, deposited layer or the second electrode.
• the second electrode may also be partially integrated in the inner face of the insulator, especially in the form of conductive wires.
• the first electrode may be maintained at a constant distance from the first dielectric wall by at least one or more dielectric spacers, in particular glass, such as those already described for the first design or by the peripheral frame for sealing.
• Electrical insulation may have blind holes or through holes like those described for the first design.
• the lamp can include: at least one electroconductive spacer disposed on the edge and on the first electrode (mechanical contact, by pressure, or contact via a conductive adhesive, a solder, etc.), for example electroconductive spacers in their mass or glass spacers coated with a electroconductive material,
• electroconductive element for example a metal element, at the edge and on the first electrode, chosen in particular from one or the following means: optionally elastic metal tab, (spring, ...), wire, paste pad enamel-type conductor, a braze especially in tin-silver alloy.
• the spacer (s), just like the electroconductive element (s), can be in electrical contact with a peripheral electrical supply electroconductive zone on the internal face of the first dielectric wall, for example a so-called "bus bar", in particular enamel with
• This preferably electroconductive peripheral zone preferably leaves the internal space and is connected to a power supply means (cable, wire, foil, etc.).
• a power supply means cable, wire, foil, etc.
• an electrical insulator is preferably added between the seal and the first or second wall.
• the first electrode may be powered by a periodic signal typically at a high frequency of the order of 1 to 100 kHz, preferably greater than or equal to 40 kHz.
• the signal can be alternating, sinusoidal, impulse, square (square ..).
• the first electrode can also be fed continuously when the holes are through. More precisely, in the first design of the invention with discontinuous internal electrodes, spaced from the walls by gas and with through holes, VO is equal to the DC discharge voltage and Vl is grounded. Electromagnetic shielding is not required and there is no leakage current generated by approaching the metal body of one of the dielectric walls.
• the voltage between this metal body and the electrode in play is much lower than the discharge voltage to generate a plasma in this space. Also, even when approaching this metal body, there is no risk for the user because the gas in the space between the electrode in play and the facing wall is and remains electrical insulation.
• conductors can be grounded to meet electromagnetic compatibility standards. These may be transparent conductors if necessary.
• Vd is also possible, as a third power supply option, to choose an AC supply, with VO greater than or equal to the discharge voltage Vd and lower than the discharge voltage necessary to create a discharge between the first electrode, the gas, the glass and an electrical conductor that would be reported.
• Vl is then chosen equal to the mass or at an alternating voltage less than or equal to 400 V (typically peak voltage), in particular less than or equal to 220 V, at a frequency f less than or equal to 100 Hz, preferably less than or equal to 60 Hz, for example to the sector (220V, 50 Hz).
• a third power supply option it is not necessary to add an electrical conductor to ground or mains on the outer face of the first wall for electrical safety.
• the second design of the invention it is preferred to choose the third power option because the second electrode is on the inner face of the second wall.
• the electrical insulator comprises, preferably consists of, the second dielectric wall with blind holes on its inner face, the first electrode on the inner face of the second wall being discontinuous and the second electrode being integrated with the second wall or the outside of the internal space.
• the first and second dielectric walls can be maintained at a constant distance by a peripheral frame, and / or by one or more dielectric and / or conductive spacers, in particular such as those already described.
• the peripheral seal (seal or frame) may be recessed with respect to the slices of the walls, for example, from 0.5 to a few mm.
• the first electrode in particular a layer, may be protruding on one edge of the lamp, outside the internal space (beyond the sealing).
• the first electrode may be connected to a power supply cable directly, particularly if the electrode material is silver-based.
• the first electrode may also be in electrical connection with a peripheral electrical supply electroconductive zone on the internal face of the second wall and outside the internal space (entirely or partially). This zone Peripheral electroconductive, for example forming a so-called "bus bar", (silver enamel etc) is itself connected, for example by soldering to a power cable.
• the electrical insulation may be composite, for example formed of the second dielectric wall and (s) film (s) plastic (s) on its outer surface carrying the second electrode, including a (s) film (s) spacer (s) ) laminating with a counter glass or a suitable plastic.
• the light source may comprise the plasmagenic gas and / or an additional gas and / or at least one phosphor layer excited by the gas (s) in the internal space and deposited on at least one of the inner faces of the walls.
• gas emitting in the visible especially for a filtered light
• rare gases can be mentioned: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, or others (air, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, chlorine, methane, ethylene, ammonia ... and mixtures).
• a gas emitting in the UV it is possible to use a gas or a mixture of gases, for example a gas that effectively emits said UV radiation, in particular xenon, or mercury or halogens, and an easily ionizable gas capable of constituting a plasma.
• a gas that effectively emits said UV radiation in particular xenon, or mercury or halogens
• an easily ionizable gas capable of constituting a plasma for example a gas that effectively emits said UV radiation, in particular xenon, or mercury or halogens, and an easily ionizable gas capable of constituting a plasma.
• Lasma gas as a rare gas such as neon, xenon or argon or helium, or halogens, or air or nitrogen. Examples are described in the application FR 2889886 incorporated herein by reference.
• the phosphor may be opaque or transparent, especially as described in the application FR2867897 incorporated herein by reference.
• the phosphor layer may be continuous or discontinuous, especially in the visible, for example to form lighting areas and dark areas.
• UV radiation at 250 nm is emitted by phosphors after excitation by VUV radiation of less than 200 nm.
• Mention may be made of materials doped with Pr or Pb such that: LaPO 4 : Pr; CaSO 4 : Pb etc.
• phosphors emitting in the UVA or near UVB also from a VUV radiation.
• UVA-emitting phosphors from UVB or UVC radiation for example produced by mercury or preferably gas (s) such as rare and / or halogenated gases (Hg, Xe / Br, Xe / I, Xe / F, Cl 2 ).
• gas such as rare and / or halogenated gases (Hg, Xe / Br, Xe / I, Xe / F, Cl 2 ).
• LaPO 4 Ce
• the (Mg, Ba) AI 11 O 19 Ce
• BaSi 2 O 5 Pb
• the YPO 4 Ce
• the first electrode and / or the second electrode may be protected (s) from bombardment by a dielectric, especially in a layer, such as an oxide, a nitride, in particular a silica, a silicon nitride, a barium sulfate BaSO 4 , a manganese oxide, an alumina.
• a dielectric especially in a layer, such as an oxide, a nitride, in particular a silica, a silicon nitride, a barium sulfate BaSO 4 , a manganese oxide, an alumina.
• the first electrode may be a layer (monolayer or multilayer) of any electroconductive material, in particular:
• a metal silver, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, nickel, chromium, platinum, gold, a transparent multilayer comprising a thin functional pure alloy layer, doped (silver, etc.) between two dielectric layers of single or mixed metal oxide and / or doped (zinc oxide, ITO, IZO, etc.), in metallic nitrides (metal in the broad sense, silicon being included, for example Si3N4),
• a conductive metal oxide in particular transparent and / or having electronic gaps, such as fluorine or antimony-doped tin oxide, doped or alloyed zinc oxide with at least one of the following elements : aluminum, gallium, indium, boron, tin, (for example ZnO: Al, ZnO: Ga, ZnO: In, ZnO: B, ZnSnO),
• IZO zinc
• IGZO gallium and zinc
• ITO tin
• a conductive enamel preferably with silver, such as a frit of molten glass with silver
• a conductive ink in particular an ink loaded with (nano) metallic particles, for example a screen-printing silver ink such as Ink PA T 0 0 TM ink from InkTec Nano Silver Paste Inks.
• This layer may be deposited by any known means of deposition, such as liquid deposits, vacuum deposition (magnetron sputtering, evaporation), pyrolysis (powder or gaseous route) or by screen printing, by ink jet, by scraping or more generally by printing.
• deposition such as liquid deposits, vacuum deposition (magnetron sputtering, evaporation), pyrolysis (powder or gaseous route) or by screen printing, by ink jet, by scraping or more generally by printing.
• This layer may be less than 50 ⁇ m thick, more preferably less than 20 ⁇ m or even 1 ⁇ m. It may be in particular a thin layer, for example less than 50 nm thick, deposited under vacuum.
• An electrode material (first electrode and / or second electrode) is for example based on metal particles or conductive oxides, for example those already mentioned, It is possible to choose nanoparticles, therefore of nanometric size, (for example with a nanometric maximum dimension, and / or a nanoscale D50), especially of size between 10 and 500 nm, or even less than 100 nm, to facilitate the deposition formation of ends. reasons (for a sufficient overall transmission, for example), in particular by screen printing.
• (nano) metal particles sphere, flake or “flake” .
• (nano) particles based on Ag, Au, Al, Pd, Pt, Cr, Cu, Ni.
• the (nano) particles are preferably in a binder.
• the resistivity is adjusted for the concentration of (nano) particles in a binder.
• the binder can be optionally organic, for example acrylic resins, epoxy, polyurethane, or be developed by sol-gel (mineral, or inorganic organic hybrid ).
• the (nano) particles can be deposited from a dispersion in a solvent (alcohol, ketone, water, glycol, etc.).
• the desired resistivity is adjusted according to the formulation.
• the (nano) particles and / or the binder are essentially mineral.
• the first electrode and / or the second electrode one can choose:
• a screen printing paste in particular:
• a paste loaded with (nano) particles (as already mentioned, preferably with silver and / or gold): a conductive enamel (a glass frit of glass melted with silver for example), an ink, a conductive organic paste (with a polymer matrix), a PSS-PEDOT (for example from Bayer, Agfa) and a polyaniline,
• the first electrode and / or the second electrode is essentially mineral.
• Arrangement for overall transparency (UV and / or visible) of the first electrode and / or the second electrode (and possible safety conductors) can be obtained directly by discontinuous deposition of electroconductive material (s) ( s) relatively opaque (such as those already mentioned) to reduce manufacturing costs. This avoids poststructures, for example dry and / or wet etchings, often using lithography processes (exposure of a resin to radiation and development).
• This direct network arrangement can be obtained directly by one or more appropriate deposition methods, preferably a liquid deposit, by printing, in particular planar or rotary, for example by using an ink pad, or by ink jet ( with a suitable nozzle), by screen printing ("screen or silk printing” in English), by simple scraping.
• appropriate deposition methods preferably a liquid deposit
• printing in particular planar or rotary, for example by using an ink pad, or by ink jet ( with a suitable nozzle), by screen printing ("screen or silk printing” in English), by simple scraping.
• the width of the tracks can be between 5 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, the pitch between tracks between 100 ⁇ m and 1 mm.
• the first electrode may be based on conductive wires.
• the conductive wires are in particular metallic (for example tungsten, copper, etc.) and / or thin (for example of section between 10 ⁇ m and 2 mm).
• the conductive son are reported on the main face of the insulation by any suitable adhesive means (temperature resistance etc). These wires can be partially integrated in the main face.
• the first electrode may be continuous or may be discontinuous.
• the first electrode may be based on tracks or conductive wires. It may be in the form of a series of bands or lines, in particular equidistant and / or parallel, or even at least two crossed series of bands or lines.
• the first electrode can be organized in grid, fabric or canvas, in particular obtained by screen printing, by ink jet.
• the second electrode can be in the internal space:
• the electrical insulator - embedded in the second wall for example a grid, frame, forming the electrical insulator. If necessary, it can be protected as the first electrode.
• the second electrode may finally be outside the internal space, preferably in contact with the outer face: - posed or even integral on the outer face (deposited, glued, etc.),
• an outer dielectric for example a rigid polyurethane, polycarbonates, acrylates such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). It is also possible to use PE, PEN or PVC or else polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the latter being thin, especially between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
• the second electrode may be continuous or may be discontinuous.
• the second electrode may be based on conductive tracks or conductive wires. It may be in the form of a series of bands or lines, in particular equidistant and / or parallel, or even at least two crossed series of bands or lines. Thus the second electrode can be organized in grid, fabric or canvas, in particular obtained by screen printing, by ink jet.
• the second electrode in particular incorporated in the second wall or outside the second wall, may be made of electroconductive material reflecting visible and / or UV light or transmitting visible and / or UV light or capable of overall transmission of the light.
• visible and / or UV light if the material is absorbent or UV reflective
• the through holes can be of any shape, including geometric: rectangular, round, square, being elongated or not. It is thus possible to form grooves or rows of holes
• the grooves or rows for example parallel to the edge of the insulator, may be spaced from 0.1 mm to 3 cm. And within a row, the holes may be spaced from 0.1 mm to 3 cm.
• the holes preferably have a straight or conical cross-section, a width of 0.1 to 5 mm, a depth of at least 0.1 mm.
• first and second electrodes may extend over surfaces of dimensions at least substantially equal to the surface of the walls inscribed in the internal space.
• the visible and / or UV radiation may preferably be bidirectional (emission of radiation by the main faces of the two walls).
• first electrode and / or the second electrode may be discontinuous, for example in the form of spaced strips, the electrode zones being all at the respective given potential, in particular supplied in common via at least one " busbar ".
• the transmittance of the lamp according to the invention around the peak of UV and / or visible radiation is greater than or equal to 50%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 70% and even greater than or equal to 80%.
• the visible-transmitting dielectric walls may be glass sheets, in particular of silicosodium-calcium glass.
• the UV-transmitting dielectric walls may be chosen preferably from quartz, silica, magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ) or calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ), a borosilicate glass, a silicodio-calcium glass, in particular with less than 0.05% Fe 2 O 3 .
• magnesium or calcium fluorides transmit more than 80% or even 90% over the entire range of UVs, that is to say UVA (between 315 and 380 nm), the UVB (between 280 and 315 nm), UVC (between 200 and 280 nm), or VUV (between about 10 and 200 nm),
• quartz and certain high purity silicas transmit more than 80% or even 90% over the entire range of UVA, UVB and UVC,
• silicosodocalcic glasses with less than 0.05% Fe III or Fe 2 O 3 , in particular Saint-Gobain's Diamant glass, Pilkington's Optiwhite glass and Schott's B270 glass, which transmit more than 70% or even 80% % across the range of UVA.
• a soda-lime glass such as Planilux® glass sold by Saint-Gobain, has a transmission greater than 80% beyond 360 nm, which may be sufficient for certain embodiments and applications.
• the dielectric walls may be of any shape: the contour of the walls may be polygonal, concave or convex, in particular square or rectangular, or curved, of constant or variable radius of curvature, in particular round or oval.
• an additional electrical insulator may also be another dielectric wall, in particular a glass roof, which is laminated to at least one of the glass walls constituting the lamp, by means of an interlayer plastic film or other material, in particular resin, capable of adhering them the two substrates.
• interlayer plastic film there may be mentioned an element made of a polymeric material, for example polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) for example with a thickness between 0.2 mm and 1.1 mm, in particular between 0.3 and 0.7 mm.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
• PU polyurethane
• the gas pressure in the internal space may be of the order of 0.05 to 1 bar, advantageously of the order of 0.05 to 0.6 bar.
• the gas used is an ionizable gas likely to constitute a plasma ("plasma gas”), including xenon, neon, pure or in mixture.
• the invention applies to any lamp for any type of light source (plasma gas, phosphor, etc ...) of any size.
• a flat lamp can be various: lamp with one-way and / or bidirectional lighting, lamp for the decoration, backlighting of screens.
• the invention aims for example the production of illuminating architectural and / or decorative elements and / or display function (identifying elements, type exit exit signs, and / or with logo or light mark), such as luminaires, luminous walls in particular suspended, luminous slabs ...
• the light panel according to the invention may also be intended for the building, the transport vehicle, road lighting, street furniture, domestic, electronics.
• the light panel may in particular be a ceiling light, a bus shelter panel, a wall of a display, a jewelery display or a showcase, be a shelf or furniture element, a facade of a furniture, an illuminated refrigerator shelf, be an aquarium wall, a greenhouse. It can also be an illuminating mirror.
• the illuminated sign can be used to illuminate a bathroom wall or a kitchen worktop.
• Mono-directional lighting is useful for example for screen backlighting, in particular liquid crystal (LCD).
• LCD liquid crystal
• the elements oriented more outward than the light source of the structure are, on a common part, substantially transparent or generally transparent (for example in the form of a suitable arrangement of a relatively opaque, absorbent and / or reflective, sufficient enough light emitted), such as grid type, or are translucent.
• the electrodes, the optional layer (s) of phosphor (s), the possible safety conductor (s) and the electrical insulator are made of materials transmitting visible light or capable of a global transmission of visible light by their arrangement.
• the lamp in the visible can be part of a window (transom etc), be integrated into a double glazing, be an illuminating window (on all its surface or not). The lamp in the visible can thus equip any building window or means of locomotion (train windows, boat or airplane cabin windows, roof windows, industrial vehicle side windows, or even portions of the rear window or windows). windshield).
• a coating having a given functionality may be a coating with a function of blocking infrared wavelength radiation, for example for electromagnetic compatibility with a low-emissive function (for example doped metal oxide such as SnO 2: F or indium doped with tin ITO) or solar control for building and / or automotive applications.
• a low-emissive function for example doped metal oxide such as SnO 2: F or indium doped with tin ITO
• solar control for building and / or automotive applications.
• An anti-fouling function may be desired (photocatalytic coating on the outer faces comprising at least partially crystallized TiO 2 in anatase form), or an anti-reflection stack of the type for example Si 3 N 4 / SiO 2 / Si 3 N 4 / SiO 2 on the outer faces.
• the UV lamp as described above can be used both in the industrial field for example for aesthetics, electronics or for food or in the domestic field, for example for the decontamination of tap water, water Pool drinking, air, UV drying, polymerization.
• the UV lamp as described above can be used:
• tanning lamp in particular 99.3% in the UVA and 0.7% in the UVB according to the standards in force
• a tanning booth in particular integrated in a tanning booth
• photochemical activation processes for example for a polymerization, in particular of glues, or a crosslinking or for the drying of paper,
• fluorescent material such as ethidium bromide used in gel
• nucleic acid or protein analyzes for the activation of fluorescent material, such as ethidium bromide used in gel, for nucleic acid or protein analyzes
• the lamp serves to promote the formation of vitamin D on the skin.
• the UV lamp as described above can be used for the disinfection / sterilization of air, water or surfaces by germicidal effect, especially between 250 nm and 260 nm.
• the UV lamp as described above is used in particular for the treatment of surfaces, in particular before deposition of active layers for electronics, computing, optics, semiconductors ...
• FIGS. 1 and 1 show a schematic side sectional view of a flat lamp according to the invention and a partial top view of the electrical insulator carrying the electrodes;
• FIGS. 2 and 2 'respectively represent a schematic side sectional view of a plane lamp in another embodiment according to the invention and a partial view from above of the electrical insulator carrying the electrodes,
• FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a plane lamp 1000 consisting of a part 1 formed by first and second walls made of glass sheets 2, 3 for example about 3 mm thick, rectangular and made of glass lime-silica.
• the first and second glass sheets 2, 3 each having:
• the so-called external faces 21, 31, and so-called internal faces 22, 32 each carrying a coating of photoluminescent material 6, for example transparent and for example in the form of particles phosphors dispersed in an inorganic matrix for example based on lithium silicate.
• the glass sheets 2, 3 are associated with facing their internal faces 22, 32 and are assembled through a sealing frit 8 for example about 1 mm from the edges.
• the seal is recessed leaves for example 1 mm.
• a reduced pressure generally of the order of one-tenth of an atmosphere, of a rare gas such as xenon, possibly mixed with neon or water. 'helium.
• the atmosphere contained in the sealed enclosure is then pumped through the hole 12 and replaced by the xenon / neon mixture.
• the sealing pellet 13 is presented in front of the opening of the hole 12 around which a bead of brazing alloy has been deposited.
• a heat source is activated near the solder so as to cause the solder to soften, the tablet 13 is gravity-plateed against the orifice of the hole and is thus brazed on the wall 2 forming a hermetic plug.
• the internal space 10 contains a mineral sheet 7, for example of silicosodocalcic glass, of thickness for example of the order of 1 mm, with first and second main faces 71, 72 respectively comprising first and second electrodes 4, 5 .
• a mineral sheet 7 for example of silicosodocalcic glass, of thickness for example of the order of 1 mm, with first and second main faces 71, 72 respectively comprising first and second electrodes 4, 5 .
• the mineral sheet 7 is smaller than the distance between the two opposite sealing edges, and therefore smaller than the first and second walls 2, 3.
• the mineral sheet 7 is spaced apart from the first and second walls and held by first glass spacers 9 arranged on both sides of the sheet and by second metal spacers 9 '(or, alternatively, metallized glass), which are located on the edges of the first and second electrodes 4, 5 (as shown in Figure 1').
• the spacings between the sheet 7 and the walls 2, 3 are constant, for example approximately 2 mm each.
• the first spacers 9 are, for example, balls.
• the first spacers 9 (the rightmost in FIG. 1) can be elongate and rectangular as are the second spacers 9 '(one of them is shown in FIG. 1).
• the second spacers 9 ' are replaced by cords or solder pads, for example based on tin and silver.
• the mineral sheet 7 has through holes 73 for example a plurality of parallel rows of round holes, each row extending over substantially the entire length of the mineral sheet 7 (as shown in Figure 1).
• the width of each hole is for example of the order of 1 mm.
• the holes 73 are spaced 3 mm apart.
• rows of holes are for example spaced 3 mm.
• the rows of round holes are replaced by grooves for example longitudinal.
• Each electrode 4, 5 has discontinuities 41, 51 at least in the extension of the through holes 73. They may be wider.
• the electrodes 4, 5 are preferably in the form of electroconductive layers, for example metal, in particular silver screen-printed or thin-layer deposited by sputtering.
• the discontinuities 41, 51 are preferably made at the time of drilling the sheet 7 coated with two solid electroconductive layers.
• the electrodes 4, 5 can be chosen transparent
• the electrodes may be coated with an electrical protective insulation (not shown) for example an oxide, a nitride, especially a silica, a silicon nitride, a barium sulfate, a manganese oxide, an alumina.
• an electrical protective insulation for example an oxide, a nitride, especially a silica, a silicon nitride, a barium sulfate, a manganese oxide, an alumina. This insulation can cover the holes
• the plasma is confined in the through holes 73 while the UV radiation produced occupies the entire internal space 10 and excites the phosphors 6 with a high efficiency.
• the holes are blind, they then open on the face 71 or 72.
• the electrodes 4, 5 are connected to an AC power source (not shown) by cables 11, 11 'external to the internal space.
• the first electrode 4 is at a potential VO equal to half the discharge voltage, for example of the order of 800 V or 600 V, and a high frequency fo for example of 40 to 50 kHz.
• the second electrode 5 is at a potential Vl equal to half of the discharge voltage in a negative value, for example of the order of -800 or even -600 V, and a high frequency fo of 40 to 50 kHz.
• the outer faces 21, 31 may comprise conductors 60, 60 ', connected by cables 11 ", 11'" to the ground, made of material for (overall) transmission in the visible, by example thin layers deposited directly or deposited on a PET type film.
• they are layers deposited by sputtering transparent conductive oxide. It may also be a network of conductive tracks (grid etc.) for example copper or any other photolithographed or screen-printed conductor (enamel type, in particular based on glass frit silver, or ink ) or ink charged with conductive particles deposited by inkjet, or son.
• conductive tracks grid etc.
• enamel type in particular based on glass frit silver, or ink
• the walls chosen are armed glasses.
• metal reinforcements serving as shielding.
• the power supply is continuous, it is possible to keep the values given for VO or V1.
• the electromagnetic shielding is useless.
• VO is greater than or equal to the discharge voltage, for example between 600 and 800 V, and preferably less than the discharge voltage necessary to create a discharge between the first electrode 4, the gas, the wall 3 and an electrical conductor placed on the first wall.
• Vl is then chosen equal to ground or to an alternating voltage less than or equal to 400 V, in particular less than or equal to 220 V, at a frequency f is less than or equal to 100 Hz, preferably less than or equal to 60 Hz, example to the mains (220V to 50 Hz).
• electroconductive zones 61, 62 are provided, preferably in the form of strips, a few mm wide, for example.
• These conductive strips 61, 62 extend on either side of the sealing joint 8. These strips 61, 62 are for example in the form of metal layers, preferably conducting enamel (silver etc.) and screen-printed. These conductive strips 61, 62 are in electrical contact (by pressure, solder, conductive bonding, etc.) with the conductive spacers 9 '.
• the alternating conductive strips 61, 62 may overflow on the edge of the walls and the cables 11, 11 'then be fixed at this point and not in the sealing groove.
• the lamp 1000 illuminates by its two faces 21, 31.
• the phosphors can be removed and a light-emitting gas, for example colored, sieved, can be selected.
• the one or more walls of UV-passing material (quartz, etc.) are chosen, as are the possible conductors 60, 60 '.
• the phosphors are removed, the source
• UV is then a gas, or they are replaced to emit in a specific UV range.
• Electrodes, conductors are not necessarily the same material.
• the electrodes are not necessarily powered electrically by the same means or by the same edge.
• the structure of the lamp 1010 basically takes the lamp 1000 of Figure 1 apart from the elements described below.
• the mineral sheet 7 is larger than the distance between the opposite sealing edges, preferably of dimensions substantially identical to the dimensions of the first and second glass walls 2, 3.
• the mineral sheet 7, preferably of the same material as the walls 2 , 3, is sealed with the first and second glass walls 2, 3 by two peripheral sealing joints 8, 8 'on either side of the sheet 7 is set back with respect to the slices of the walls and the sheet 7.
• the spacing between the sheet 7 and each wall 2, 3 can be reduced, for example by about 0.5 mm.
• the electrodes 4, 5 extend beyond the seals 8 at least on one edge (here longitudinal) of the mineral sheet 7. As shown in FIG. 2 ', the electrodes 4, 5 are conductive tracks (or conducting wires in variant) organized in a grid.
• the peripheral current supply strips 61 ', 62' are on the faces 71, 72, of the sheet 7 and electrically connected (here by overlapping, as shown in Figure 2 ', or by any other means) to the outer edges of the electrodes 4, 5. These peripheral strips are not necessary in particular, if the tracks are silver.
• the sheet 7 comprises a plurality of grooves for example longitudinal (as shown in Figure 2 '). In this configuration, it is preferred that the holes 73 'pass through to fill the entire internal space with gas through a single hole 12.
• blind holes preferably on both faces 71 72, it is also possible to provide a second hole on the wall 3.
• the feed described for FIG. 1 can be conserved.
• the foils 11, 11 ' are connected to the peripheral zones 61', 62 '.
• All the variants described for the lamp 1000 can be applied to the lamp 1010 (material and dissymmetry of the electrodes or shielding conductors, wall material, power supply, addition of protective insulation UV lamp, etc.).
• the structure of the lamp 2000 basically takes the lamp 1000 of Figure 1 apart from the elements described below.
• the mineral sheet 7 is placed on the inner face 32 of the second wall. This removes the spacers 9, 9 'from the lower part of the structure 1.
• the second electrode 5 projects outside the internal space by one of its longitudinal edges. It is possibly covered by the peripheral area 61 for supplying current.
• the mineral sheet 7 is replaced by a mineral layer for example silica, alumina, for example 100 microns.
• the distance between the first wall 2 and the first electrode 4 may be, for example, 0.5 mm.
• VO is greater than or equal to the discharge voltage, for example between 600 and 800 V, and preferably less than the discharge voltage necessary to create a discharge between the first electrode 4, the gas, the wall 3 and an electrical conductor placed on the first wall.
• Vl is then chosen equal to ground or to an alternating voltage less than or equal to 400 V, in particular less than or equal to 220 V, at a frequency f is less than or equal to 100 Hz, preferably less than or equal to 60 Hz, example to the mains (220V to 50 Hz).
• Conductors 60 and 60 ' are optional. All the variants described for the lamp 1000 can be applied to the lamp 2000 (material and asymmetry of the electrodes or of the shielding conductors, material of the walls, addition of insulating protection, UV lamp, etc.)
• the structure of the lamp 3000 basically takes the lamp of Figure 3 apart from the elements described below.
• the mineral sheet 7 is removed.
• the inner face 32 of the second wall 3 has through holes 33 not through, for example identical to the holes 73 'and carries the first electrode 4 with discontinuities 41 in the extension of the holes 33.
• the driver 60 is optional.
• the outer face 31 of the second wall 3 carries the second electrode 5 for example chosen continuously and in the form of a preferably transparent layer.
• the second electrode 5 is in the second wall
• a differentiated distribution of the photoluminescent in certain zones makes it possible to convert the energy of the plasma into visible radiations only in the zones in question, in order to constitute light zones (themselves opaque or transparent depending on the nature of the photoluminescent) and permanently transparent areas juxtaposed.
• the light zone may also form a network of geometric patterns (lines, pads, rounds, squares or any other shape) and the spacings between patterns and / or pattern sizes may be variable.
• the light source can be a plasma gas.
• the walls may be of any shape: a contour may be polygonal, concave or convex, in particular square or rectangular, or curved, of constant or variable radius of curvature, in particular round or oval.
• the walls may be glass substrates, optical effect, including colored, decorated, structured, diffusing ....

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• 2007
  • 2007-04-17 FR FR0754530A patent/FR2915311B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-04-17 WO PCT/FR2008/050691 patent/WO2008145905A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-04-17 CN CN200880012296A patent/CN101657879A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-04-17 CA CA002684176A patent/CA2684176A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-04-17 TW TW097113941A patent/TW200910411A/zh unknown
  • 2008-04-17 US US12/596,069 patent/US20100140511A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-04-17 KR KR1020097023977A patent/KR20100016640A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-04-17 EP EP08805666A patent/EP2145346A2/de not_active Withdrawn
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