Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
  • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
  • B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
  • B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
  • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
  • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
  • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
  • C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
  • C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
  • C09C1/407—Aluminium oxides or hydroxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
  • C09C1/62—Metallic pigments or fillers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
  • C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
  • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
  • C09C3/12—Treatment with organosilicon compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
  • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
  • D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
  • D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
  • D06M15/256—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
  • D06M23/08—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
  • D06M23/12—Processes in which the treating agent is incorporated in microcapsules
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
  • C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
  • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
  • C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
  • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
  • C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/05—Lotus effect
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
  • Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element

Definitions

• the invention relates to a particle composite for finishing fibers and textile fabrics according to claim 1, to a process for the production thereof, and to processes using the particle composite according to patent claims 11 to 25.
• the contact angle determination is carried out according to a measuring method developed for the characterization of lotus structures: O. Marte, M. Hochstrasser, Characterization of "Lotus-Structured Fiber and Fabric Surfaces, Melliand Textilberichte 10/2005, S. 746-750.
• Another object is to provide a formulation technique that allows the use of different particle composites with different functions. For example, mention may be made of the hydrophobic and bactericidal function combined in the same finishing layer.
• a further object of the invention is to make available to the textile finisher a microparticle composite which allows it to combine a hydrophobizing agent of its own free choice, in particular a fluorocarbon resin, with the particulate composite and the formulation by default to the fabric to apply, dry and fix.
• a hydrophobizing agent of its own free choice in particular a fluorocarbon resin
• the particulate composite and the formulation by default to the fabric to apply, dry and fix.
• the object is achieved by the production of a Partikei composite, which both similar (in terms of shape and chemical composition) and non-homogeneous (in terms of shape and chemical composition) and predominantly hydrophobic impregnated and / or coated, different sized micro and at most nanoparticles (0.01 - 10 microns) contains.
• a Partikei composite which both similar (in terms of shape and chemical composition) and non-homogeneous (in terms of shape and chemical composition) and predominantly hydrophobic impregnated and / or coated, different sized micro and at most nanoparticles (0.01 - 10 microns) contains.
• the different sizes are produced, for example, by differently guided grinding processes and generally lead to a bimodal or multimodal particle size distribution in the particle composite in the mixture. This provides the basis for the formation of the phenotype of similar structures on textile surfaces.
• non-nanotechnological' finishing layer is of importance because the production of this layer or of the particulate composite used for layering is a top-down technology and not a bottom-up technology ( The Brockhaus Natural Science and Technology, Vol. 2, pp. 1376-1377, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag GmbH Heidelberg (2003)).
• hydroophobizing agent is representative of oleophobic and dirt repellent chemicals.
• a second inventive approach consists in the particle impregnation, particle coating or in the coating technique of the particles.
• the use of reactive polymers as impregnating and / or coating compositions makes it possible to give the particle surfaces the same physical and chemical properties as are prevalent in the host matrix of the finishing layer (for example, one and the same fluorocarbon resin). This avoids premature phase separations in the equipment fleet but also on the textile substrate. These are the reason for an anisotropic layer structure, which in turn leads to massive effects losses (O. Marte, U. Meyer, New test methods for the evaluation of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic finishes, Melliand Textilberichte 10/2006, p. 732-735).
• Such a particle coating preferably consists of several, superimposed layers of different polymers with different functionalities.
• the layer structure should be selected such that the layer filling the particle pores has the greatest affinity for the inner particle surface, and the uppermost layer enveloping the particles shows the properties that are most similar to the host matrix.
• the uppermost layer is typically formed by the hydrophobing polymer, which also constitutes the host matrix in the finish layer. All of the polymers present in the impregnating or coating mass are compounds carrying reactive groups, which are crosslinked in a wash-fast manner during the finishing process.
• Another approach for generating hyperstructures on the surface of the microparticles, or the finishing layer is the incorporation of substances that form gaseous products as a result of a phase change and / or a thermal decomposition.
• substances that form gaseous products as a result of a phase change and / or a thermal decomposition.
• an above 100 0 C boiling, predominantly apolar, aprotic solvent in the particle coating which leaves on exit from the microparticles during drying nanoscale structures.
• An analogous effect is achieved by the use of nitrogen, CO 2 or ammonia-releasing compounds (eg, radical starter, hydrogencarbonates or ammonium salts), which are used in place of the solvent.
• Another approach of the invention is, starting from cost-effective, not chemically modified polysilicic acids (1 - 50 microns) to coat this emulsifier free S ⁇ .
• these emulsifier free S ⁇ can be easily processed by textile suppliers and, on the other hand, chemically crosslinked with the hydrophobic host matrix.
• Disregarded here are any surfactants contained in fluorocarbon resins.
• a particular feature of the invention is the production of an emulsifier-free particulate composite as an essential factor for improving the effects thereof.
• Dispersants and emulsifiers as amphiphilic substances are deposited in the hydrophobically formed boundary layer and sorb or transport so, from Equipment sense estranged, the principle rejecting substances in the textile.
• emulsifier free formulation Another advantage of the emulsifier free formulation is the low LAD effect ('Laundry / Air Dry', M.Rasch, et al., Melliand Textile Reports 6/2005, pp. 456-459), which is a consequence of water sorption through the hydrophobing layer is. Due to the presence of amphiphilic substances in the finish layer, the water is physically / chemically bound because of its dipole character and the formation of hydrogen bonds. This requires elevated temperatures in order to desorb the water again and thus to regenerate the hydrophobing effect again.
• the simple lotus structures known today are given a structure which is more similar to the phenotype (generation of a hyperstructure, W. Barthlott et al., The Lotus Effect: Self-Cleaning Surfaces Modeled on Nature, ITB International Textile Bulletin 1/2001, p. 8-12) to further increase the effect of oil and soil repellency in comparison with known achievable Lotus structured coatings.
• the production of the particle composite can be carried out both as a single-stage and as a multi-stage coating process.
• the single-stage coating process involves the adsorption of a polymer, or polymers of a predominantly aqueous phase.
• the polymers should chemically bond with the particle surface to achieve high wash permanence. This requires that the particles are modified in the same process step with hydroxyl or amino-terminated silyl compounds. Any addition of crosslinking chemicals, e.g. Isocyanates or ⁇ -aminoalkylation products, depends on the reaction possibilities of the polymers used.
• the particles are impregnated in a first step with a solution of an amino- and / or hydroxyl-containing, preferably branched, water-insoluble polymer in dissolved form on the particle surface.
• the polymer is usually in a polar, protic and / or soluble in a non-polar, non-protic solvent.
• any hyperstructure-forming ingredients may be included such as special solvents and / or N 2 , CO 2 or NH 3 releasing substances.
• This polymer solution is additionally added a crosslinker system. Only at temperatures above 80 ° C. does this result in crosslinking of the polymer or crosslinking of the polymer sorbed in and on the particle surface with the hydrophobizing agent forming the host matrix.
• the second step is used to produce a second coating layer. It consists in the adsorption of the hydrophobing agent, preferably a fluorocarbon resin, from aqueous emulsion. According to the invention, any hyperstructure-forming ingredients can also be added here.
• the hydrophobing agent preferably a fluorocarbon resin
• the three-stage coating process consists in the first stage of a chemical particle modification with amino and / or hydroxyl or glycidyl-terminated silyl compounds, which serve the subsequent crosslinking with the second coating layer.
• the second and third coating layers have an analog structure as described above.
• the particle wetting with the ingredients of the first coating layer is advantageously carried out with stirring units, while the further steps are carried out in grinding units.
• the microparticles are reduced from an original size of 1 - 50 microns to the desired size. This is in the range from 0.01 to 2 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 0.3 to 0.9 ⁇ m, wherein preferably a bimodal particle size distribution is set, e.g. 0.4 and 0.8 ⁇ m.
• the particle composite prepared in this way has a particle concentration of 5 to 20%, preferably 10 to 12%, and shows virtually no sedimentation tendency due to the particle coating and the increased viscosity. This despite the absence of dispersants, with which the otherwise usual, the hydrophobing effect disturbing influence is eliminated.
• the particles used for the production of the particle composite are preferably polymeric silicic acids which are used in special process steps, for example by sequential performed grinding processes are reduced to the desired size.
• the milled product may have a multimodal particle size distribution.
• metal oxides such as Al 2 O 3 or zirconium oxides or mixed oxides are also used.
• the silicon dioxide particles can be loaded with elemental silver or copper and / or their oxides or contain the corresponding complexed metal ions.
• Another possibility for achieving a multimodal particle size distribution is the mixing of nanoparticles produced, for example, by the flame process (high-temperature hydrolysis of chlorosilanes) with a primary particle size of 10 to 30 nm. This in combination with particles which are in the top-down process, for example by means of a milling process be set to the size of 500 - 700 nm.
• silyl compounds carrying amino, hydroxyl, thiol or glycidyl groups are used.
• Preferred compounds used are: N-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyltriethoxysilane, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine, triamino functional propyltrimethoxysilane, polyetherpropyltrimethoxysilanes, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
• the amounts used of the mentioned silyl compounds are 0.2-10%, preferably 0.8-5%, based on the particle mass.
• hydroxyl or amino-containing polymers are e.g. derivatized polyacrylates, polyesters and polyurethanes whose solubility in water is less than 10%, preferably less than 1%. Such products are still rarely used in the textile industry.
• the amounts used for the mentioned polymers are 1 to 40%, preferably 10 to 30%, based on the particle mass.
• the hydrophobicizing chemicals are both fat-modified melamine derivatives, polyacrylates and polyurethanes having a fatty hydrocarbon chain of C 3 -C 24 , preferably C 16 -C 20 , and perfluorinated fatty hydrocarbon resins having a perfluorinated fatty hydrocarbon chain of C 2 -C 12 , preferably C 4 - C 8 , and silicone resins.
• the quantities of these product emulsions Formation of a coating layer around the particles depends on their dry matter content, which is in the range of 10 to 30%.
• the dry matter-related amounts of such products are 10 to 100%, preferably 20 to 50%, based on the particle mass.
• Softgard M3 soft chemicals, Italy
• Oleophobol 7752 Oleophobol 7752
• Ruco-Gard AIR Ruco-Dry DHY (Rudolf Chemie, Germany).
• crosslinkers for chemical fixation the polymers used for the particle coating, predominantly polyisocyanates and ⁇ -aminoalkylation products are used.
• multifunctional aziridines are used as crosslinkers.
• typical crosslinkers are: 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (Bayer MaterialScience, Germany), 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (Hüls, Germany) or uretdione of 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene (Bayer MaterialScience, Germany).
• the aziridines are divided into aliphatic and aromatic, both of which are used.
• Typical representatives of aliphatic propylenimine derivatives are: 1, 1'-azelaoyl-bis- (2-methylaziridine) and N, N ', N ", N'" - tetrapropylene-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxamide.
• Typical representatives of aromatic propylenimine derivatives are: toluene-2,6-dipropyleneurea (TPH) or diphenylmethane-bis-4,4'-N, N'-dipropyleneurea.
• the particle composite or repellent composite produced in this way is dispersed in the textile composite in the host composite used by it (for example a fluorocarbon resin with further ingredients) and applied in this form to the tissue.
• the detailed reaction and process conditions are determined by the Presaturated hydrophobing agent and the used Vemetzersystem. Due to the nature of the composite preparation and the ingredients used for this purpose, the particle composite can be combined with a wide variety of host matrices, resulting in addition to the repellent function additional functions, so-called 'layer intrinsic functions'. These are, for example, very high oil rejections with slightly reduced hydrophobing effects as they are needed for protective clothing for army and police.
• Another combination is the use of the particle composite in combination with a hydrophilically dominated host matrix, such formulations being used in soil release equipment. Similar combinations can be formulated for antistatic, bactericidal, abrasion-resistant and flame-retardant finishes, whereby a hydrophobic, dirt-repellent boundary layer always forms on the textile material.
• fluorination resin containing finish layers result in sprinkling scores of 5 (according to the federal man test) and contact angle with heptane of more than 100 °. This is surprising, because today known Lotus structures bearing equipment have contact angle with heptane of 70 - 90 °. In fluorocarbon resin-free finishing layers contact angles with water of over 100 ° are achieved.
• Example 1 Hydrophobing of polyester fabrics for outdoor use.
• a polyester fabric with a grammage of 190 g is hydrophilized by a partial saponification process (degree of saponification approx. 0.1%) with 30 g / l sodium hydroxide 100%.
• the pretreated fabric is impregnated with a hydrophobizing liquor, resulting in a 54% liquor application.
• the fabric is dried at 110-120 ° C, followed by condensation process at 150-160 0 C for 2 minutes is performed.
• the ingredients of the hydrophobizing liquor are: Particle composite formulation produced in one stage: 100 g / kg Sident 10 (Degussa, Germany)
• the particle formulation shows a monomodal, mean particle size distribution of 870 nm.
• Example 2 Hydrophobizing Polyester Cotton Fabrics for Army Protective Suits.
• the coating application is 43% based on the tissue dry weight.
• the drying of the fabric is carried out at 110-130 0 C, followed by the fixing process at 150-160 ° C for 2 minutes.
• Particle composite formulation prepared according to a "two-layer process" or in a two-stage coating process :
• Oleophobol 7752 (ERBA, Switzerland) 336 g / kg water, grind for 20 minutes.
• the particle formulation shows a bimodal particle size distribution with average particle sizes of 470 and 820 nm.
• Water repellent finishing liquor 80 g / l particle composite produced in the two-stage coating process
• the fabric coated in this way exhibits excellent water and oil repellency properties, as indicated by the values in Table 2.
• Example 3 Hydrophobic and bactericidal finish of cotton fabrics.
• an impregnating liquor is applied which contains both a particle composite that repels the fabric surface and a bactericidal one.
• the layer structure enveloping the particles is achieved by a two-stage coating process (see Example 2).
• the hydrophobing composite they are pure silica particles that co-react with a crosslinkable polymer (polyurethane, Dicrylan PGS, ERBA, Switzerland) and a fat-modified melamine resin (C 16 - C 18 , Phobotex FTC, ERBA, Switzerland), while for the bactericidal function silver-loaded silicon dioxide particles (elemental or complexed silver) in an analogous manner be layered coating.
• the coated primary particle composites are subjected to different grinding conditions. This results in a multimodal particle size distribution.
• the mean primary particle sizes are 7 ⁇ m (pure silicon dioxide particles, before the milling process) and 20 ⁇ m (silver-loaded silicon dioxide particles).
• Knittex FEL 15 g / l Knittex FEL (ERBA, Switzerland)
• Tissue impregnation was carried out with a load of 76% on dry tissue weight. The drying and condensation process took place on a tenter at 120 or 160 ° C. Tab. 3 Test results of the hydrophobicized, bactericidal tissue

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Nanotechnology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
• Silicon Compounds (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=39672931

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (21)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2008
  • 2008-04-15 WO PCT/CH2008/000165 patent/WO2008124960A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2008-04-15 EP EP08733793A patent/EP2147145A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-04-15 EP EP12151766.8A patent/EP2444545B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 2008-04-15 JP JP2010503329A patent/JP2010525178A/ja not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-04-15 CN CN200880012217.7A patent/CN101715499A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-04-15 US US12/596,377 patent/US20100112204A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-04-15 BR BRPI0810413-1A2A patent/BRPI0810413A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events