EP2158986A1 - Präzisionsgussverfahren und verlorenes Modell für dieses Verfahren - Google Patents

Präzisionsgussverfahren und verlorenes Modell für dieses Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2158986A1
EP2158986A1 EP09166186A EP09166186A EP2158986A1 EP 2158986 A1 EP2158986 A1 EP 2158986A1 EP 09166186 A EP09166186 A EP 09166186A EP 09166186 A EP09166186 A EP 09166186A EP 2158986 A1 EP2158986 A1 EP 2158986A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lost
model
metal
molten metal
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09166186A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marie Fecourt
Mario Dufloux
Freddy Jacques
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP2158986A1 publication Critical patent/EP2158986A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02—Lost patterns
    • B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lost model molding method, a lost model for promoting certain properties of the molded part.
  • the measurement of the grain size is performed by image analysis under an optical microscope or with a scanning electron microscope.
  • the largest grain width is typically between 1 and 100 microns.
  • the size of the grains and their shape have consequences on the mechanical characteristics of the solid phase metal. For example, coarse grains that is to say grains whose size is close to 100 microns correspond to fragile and brittle metals. Conversely, small grains, that is to say, the largest width is less than 50 microns and preferably less than 10 microns, correspond to more solid metals.
  • the Applicant Knows Lost Pattern Casting Processes Including Melt Casting of a Molten Metal That Sublimates or Liquefies the Lost Pattern so that the volume occupied by this lost model is gradually replaced by the molten metal.
  • the invention aims to remedy this drawback by proposing a lost pattern molding process by which it is possible to avoid the appearance of these internal structure defects of the molded part.
  • the element added to the lost mold is such that it promotes the formation of small grains. Attaching the element promoting the formation of small grains in the lost model can place these elements exactly where you want in the mold. In particular, it is possible to place this element inside the footprint that will be filled by the molten metal. It thus becomes possible to act on the size of the grains which are located inside the molded part and not only on the size of the grains located on the outer periphery of this part. In addition, this element can be positioned very precisely in the model which allows to act only locally on the size grains and no longer on the size of the grains of the whole of the molded part. For example, this makes it possible to make certain zones of a cylinder head of an engine more solid without having to make the whole of this cylinder head more solid.
  • the invention also relates to a lost model adapted to be implemented in the molding process above.
  • This lost model comprises at least one element promoting a given property during the solidification of the metal, this element being fixed inside the lost model so that the element is permanently incorporated inside the molded part obtained. using this lost model.
  • the subject of the invention is the use of an element promoting the formation of small grains during the solidification of the metal in which this element is fixed inside the lost model used in the molding process. above.
  • the figure 1 represents a mold 2 for a lost pattern molding process.
  • this mold 2 is designed for the production of molded parts for motor vehicles.
  • the molded part is a cylinder head.
  • the metal used to cast this part is, for example, an aluminum alloy such as AlSi7Cu3Mg.
  • the mold 2 comprises a lost model composed here of two parts 6 and 8.
  • the lost model is the reflection of the molded part to obtain.
  • This lost model is made of a sublimable material when in contact with the molten metal.
  • this sublimable material is a pyrolyzable cellular polymer.
  • this material is polystyrene.
  • the lost model also includes elements promoting the formation of small grains during the solidification of the molten metal.
  • elements namely an inoculant and inserts.
  • submicron particles of an inoculant are uniformly dispersed throughout the volume of the lost model.
  • the particles promote nucleation, that is, the appearance of nuclei or solid seeds in the liquid metal from which the crystals, and more precisely the dendrites, will grow.
  • nucleation that is, the appearance of nuclei or solid seeds in the liquid metal from which the crystals, and more precisely the dendrites
  • the largest width of each of these particles is between 10 nanometers and 1000 nanometers.
  • the largest width of each of these particles 10 is strictly less than 1 ⁇ m or 0.5 ⁇ m. These particles are for example based on ferro-silicon strontium.
  • inserts 12, 14 and 16 are fixed inside the lost model.
  • the inserts are much larger than the particles 10.
  • the largest width of the inserts is at least greater than 0.5 cm or 1 cm.
  • These inserts promote the formation of small grains by accelerating the cooling of the molten metal with which they are directly in contact.
  • the inserts are made of a material capable of absorbing a large amount of heat and whose melting temperature is strictly greater than that of the molten metal.
  • these inserts are made of a material having a thermal capacity high mass.
  • the specific heat capacity is the amount of energy to be supplied by heat exchange to a unit mass of this material to raise its temperature by one degree.
  • the material chosen has a specific heat capacity greater than 350 and preferably 700 J.Kg-1.K-1 at 25 ° C and under atmospheric pressure.
  • the inserts are made of metal such as aluminum, steel or other.
  • inserts are placed at model locations to remove internal structural defects of the molded part. For example, if the molded part, in the absence of added elements in the lost model, has mechanical weaknesses in a particular zone, the insert is fixed in the corresponding zone of the lost model to eliminate this molding defect. Thus, the inserts can be as well fixed in the heart of the lost model as near its outer surface.
  • the portion 6 comprises, in its center, the insert 12.
  • the portion 8 comprises the two inserts 14 and 16 located near its outer surface.
  • the assembly formed by the lost model, the casting attacks 18 and the pouring down 20 is incorporated inside a tank 26 containing vibrated sand 28.
  • the lost model, the casting attacks and the pouring down are coated with a layer (not shown) suitable for isolating the molten metal from the sand 28 when it is introduced into the mold 2
  • This layer is, for example, made of refractory material whose melting temperature is very high. higher than the temperature of the molten metal. Typically, this layer has a thickness of between 1 mm and several millimeters.
  • the particles 10 are incorporated in the polystyrene during its manufacture to obtain a uniform spatial distribution of these particles 10 in the entire volume of polystyrene. Then, during an operation 44, this polystyrene incorporating the particles 10 is carved to obtain the parts 6 and 8 of the lost model.
  • the inserts 12, 14 and 16 are fixed inside the parts 6 and 8 obtained.
  • the polystyrene is first dug to form a housing adapted to receive the insert. Then, the insert is introduced inside this housing. Finally, eventually, the orifice used to introduce the insert inside the housing is closed with a polystyrene plug.
  • this cluster is coated with refractory material to obtain the layer to prevent the molten metal from mixing with the sand 28.
  • step 52 the cluster covered with the layer of refractory material is placed inside the tank 26. Then, during a step 54, the sand 28 is added to the tank 26 and vibrated for fill all the interstices of the lost model. Then, in a step 56, the cup 22 is installed. At the end of step 56, the mold 2 as represented on the figure 1 is obtained.
  • the molten metal is cast inside the mold 2. More specifically, the molten metal is poured into the cup 22 and then flows inside the pouring chute 20 . When the molten metal comes into contact with the polystyrene, the polystyrene turns into gas and the gas is evacuated through the same channels that allowed the arrival of the molten metal.
  • the molten metal fills the entire descent 20 and flows into the casting attacks. Once all the polystyrene present in the attacks 18 and in the descent 20 has been sublimed, the molten metal continues to flow inside the lost model. When the molten metal flows inside parts 6 and 8, it mixes with the particles dispersed within the polystyrene forming these parts 6 and 8.
  • a step 60 it stops pouring the molten metal inside the mold 2.
  • the molten metal is then allowed to cool so that all of this molten metal passes from the liquid phase to the solid phase.
  • a step 64 when all the metal has solidified and the casting has cooled sufficiently, the sand 26 and the layer of refractory material covering the lost pattern are eliminated.
  • this molded part is modified locally by the presence of the inserts 12, 14 and 16 and uniformly throughout the volume of this molded part thanks to the particles 10.
  • the molten metal may be cast iron, steel, or other material that crystallizes when it solidifies.
  • the element added to promote the formation of small grains may either be melted inside the molten metal, as for example here the particles 10, or otherwise not melted as in the case of the inserts 12, 14 and 16 .
  • the inserts may have a lower melting temperature than the molten metal. In this case, the insert is melted in the molded part during molding.
  • the material of this molten insert is chosen to promote the appearance of small grain size.
  • the insert is made of Titanium-Boron, the TiB2 particles making it possible in a well-known manner to slow down the formation of dendrites, which ultimately promotes the formation of small grains.
  • an inoculant can be made from other particles such as, for example, Al-5% Ti particles.
  • the inoculant particles may also have the objective of limiting the development of the dendrites of the metal crystals being formed.
  • a portion of the inserts may be attached within the model, i.e. several millimeters below the outer surface of the model, while another portion of the same insert may be flush with the outer surface of the model. lost model.
  • the spatial distribution of the particles of the inoculant may be non-uniform throughout the volume of the lost model.
  • the particles 10 are distributed in a particular area of the lost model while the other areas of the lost model are devoid of or less densely provided with such particles.
  • the particles are more specifically concentrated in a zone of the lost model corresponding to an area where the mechanical characteristics of the molded part are to be improved.
  • the distribution of inoculant particles within the lost model can be achieved by various methods.
  • the lost model has been described as being made from a sublimable material such as polystyrene.
  • a sublimable material such as polystyrene.
  • many other sublimable materials are possible.
  • the material forming the lost model can also be replaced by a liquefiable material when it comes into contact with the molten metal.
  • a liquefiable material when it comes into contact with the molten metal.
  • what has been described above also applies to lost patterns made in wax.
  • the method described above is applicable to any type of part made by the lost pattern molding process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
EP09166186A 2008-08-29 2009-07-23 Präzisionsgussverfahren und verlorenes Modell für dieses Verfahren Withdrawn EP2158986A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0855819A FR2935275B1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Procede de moulage a modele perdu, modele perdu pour ce procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2158986A1 true EP2158986A1 (de) 2010-03-03

Family

ID=40352403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09166186A Withdrawn EP2158986A1 (de) 2008-08-29 2009-07-23 Präzisionsgussverfahren und verlorenes Modell für dieses Verfahren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2158986A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2935275B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2962057A1 (fr) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-06 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Modele fusible pour moulage a modele perdu avec evidement central
DE102017111846A1 (de) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Verfahren zur Herstellung von lokal modifizierten Gussformteilen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112872311A (zh) * 2021-01-13 2021-06-01 西安航天发动机有限公司 一种熔模精密铸造冷铁的设计方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5829566A (ja) * 1981-07-22 1983-02-21 Toyota Motor Corp フルモ−ルド鋳造法
EP0198290A2 (de) * 1985-04-03 1986-10-22 Thyssen Industrie Ag Verfahren zum Vergiessen von Aluminium-Legierungen
JPS6224837A (ja) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-02 Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd 金属部品の埋め込み鋳造方法
US4809762A (en) * 1986-07-29 1989-03-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of casting a composite metal article
JPH03297534A (ja) * 1990-04-13 1991-12-27 Mazda Motor Corp 消失模型とそれを用いた鋳造方法
JPH05169235A (ja) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-09 Mazda Motor Corp 板状鋳物の鋳造法
FR2698297A1 (fr) * 1992-11-23 1994-05-27 Peugeot Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce métallique par moulage en modèle perdu, modèle avec insert incorporé obtenu par ce procédé et pièce métallique obtenue à l'aide de ce modèle.
DE10332367A1 (de) * 2003-07-17 2005-02-17 Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischen Gußteilen mittels des Vollformgießens
WO2006075344A2 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-07-20 Meccanica Bassi S.P.A. Lost foam casting method, in particular for an engine cylinder head

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5829566A (ja) * 1981-07-22 1983-02-21 Toyota Motor Corp フルモ−ルド鋳造法
EP0198290A2 (de) * 1985-04-03 1986-10-22 Thyssen Industrie Ag Verfahren zum Vergiessen von Aluminium-Legierungen
JPS6224837A (ja) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-02 Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd 金属部品の埋め込み鋳造方法
US4809762A (en) * 1986-07-29 1989-03-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of casting a composite metal article
JPH03297534A (ja) * 1990-04-13 1991-12-27 Mazda Motor Corp 消失模型とそれを用いた鋳造方法
JPH05169235A (ja) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-09 Mazda Motor Corp 板状鋳物の鋳造法
FR2698297A1 (fr) * 1992-11-23 1994-05-27 Peugeot Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce métallique par moulage en modèle perdu, modèle avec insert incorporé obtenu par ce procédé et pièce métallique obtenue à l'aide de ce modèle.
DE10332367A1 (de) * 2003-07-17 2005-02-17 Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischen Gußteilen mittels des Vollformgießens
WO2006075344A2 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-07-20 Meccanica Bassi S.P.A. Lost foam casting method, in particular for an engine cylinder head

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 199332, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1993-252057, XP002516531 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2962057A1 (fr) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-06 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Modele fusible pour moulage a modele perdu avec evidement central
DE102017111846A1 (de) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Verfahren zur Herstellung von lokal modifizierten Gussformteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2935275B1 (fr) 2011-11-04
FR2935275A1 (fr) 2010-03-05

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