Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
  • B24B23/04—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with oscillating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
  • B24B23/06—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with abrasive belts, e.g. with endless travelling belts; Accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
  • B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
  • B24B55/10—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines specially designed for portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
  • B24D15/00—Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing, or stropping
  • B24D15/04—Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing, or stropping resilient; with resiliently-mounted operative surface

Definitions

• a sander used in particular for sanding of flat, concave, and convex surfaces and the method of its utilisation.
• the invention concerns manual sander or sander with a drive, designed in particular for sanding of flat, concave, bulging, dome-shaped, hollowed-out, cored, and convex surfaces, and the method of sanding with the use of the above-mentioned tool.
• a sander designed for sanding of flat, concave and convex surfaces according to this technical solution of the invention, the principle of which consists of the sanding tool (paper, fabric or other carrier with sanding abrasive layer) being pressed onto the grinded surface with the use of a flexible pressure plate able to trace concave as well as convex surfaces with the possibility to set the precise radius of this curve.
• the principle of the technical solution of the invention of the flexible pressure plate rests in the fact, that the pressure applied during the work onto the body, the handle or handles of a sander with mechanical drive, is transmitted onto the pressure plate simultaneously at least at two points or through minimally one balance beam.
• the pressure is advantageously distributed via a bracket to at least two and more points of the pressure plate.
• the number of pressure points of the pressure plate is given by the number of the balance beams and brackets, through which this pressure is transmitted through the flexible pressure plate with abrasion layer onto the grinded surface.
• the brackets are firmly fixed to the pressure plate and are connected movably with the balance beams with the use of pins, and in this way, at least one bracket of the pressure plate is able to shift against the balance beam.
• the balance beam is provided with an opening at one end, and it is statically fixed to the bracket by a pin. At its other end, the balance beam is provided with a notch, in which the pin with bracket can shift, which allows maintaining the flexibility of the pressure plate for shaping of the pressure plate as required by curving of the grinded surface.
• these third and each following balance beam are bridged over by other balance beams, while the bottom balance beams serve simultaneously as brackets.
• the number of balance beams is not limited. It depends directly on the length of the pressure plate and on the size of the grinded surface. The function of the third and each following balance beam in a pyramid arrangement and the technical design of fixing with the use of pins are similar.
• the highest placed balance beams are attached in the same way to the body of the sander or, in the case of manual sanding planes, directly onto the handle of such a plane.
• the pressure plate thus pushes the sanding tool onto the grinded surface applying approximately constant pressure along the entire length of the area of the sanding tool, which is then distributed to the whole part of the line of the sanding surface.
• the solution allows using of sanders with long working surfaces, when the pressure force applied onto this tool is evenly distributed along the whole length of the grinded surface and at the same time, it facilitates optimally accurate shaping of the curvature of the pressure plate according to the required curving of the grinded surface.
• the required curvature of the pressure plate can be fixed with the use of pull- bars.
• These pull-bars run from the pins of the pressure plate brackets or from the pins of balance beams to the body or the handle of the sander, which is for this purpose fitted with pivot pins with lateral openings, through which the pull- bars pass freely.
• This pivot pin is in its axis provided with a lock screw for possible fixing of the position of the pull-bar relatively to this pivot pin.
• a change in the distance takes place between the axis of the bracket pins or the balance beams against the axis of the pivot pins located on the body or the handle of the sander.
• the flexibility of the pressure plate is not limited in any way. If the pull-bar is fixed against the pivot pin, the flexibility of the pressure plate is eliminated and the plate stays permanently set for the required curvature.
• the required curvature can be set up, for example, by using a contact template. This technical solution allows sanding of the precisely set radiuses of surface curvatures.
• the flexible pressure plate can be used both for manual sanding planes and for mechanically driven sanders of the linear or band-type.
• the principle of the invention of using a flexible pressure plate for linear sanders with mechanical drive consists in the fact, that the bottom surface of the pressure plate is fitted with a minimum of one movable flexible plate, which is mechanically driven and moves linearly between the pressure plate and the surface being grinded.
• the movable flexible plate is fitted on its bottom side either with any known system for fixing of the sanding tool, for instance sand paper or linen or directly with abrasive material. It is possible to use advantageously a system of two movable flexible plates moving in the same axis of one flexible pressure plate but always in mutually opposite direction.
• This technical solution of the invention allows designing a sander with extremely large working surface, whereby two flexible plates with abrasive material, moving against each other, mutually eliminate vibrations and undesirable kinetic forces generated by the sander's drive, which develop due resistance of the grinded surface and the sanding tool. At the same time, it reduces the influence of inertial force of the sanding tool and the reaction to resistance of the working surface in the process of sanding.
• the flexible movable plate is designed in a way that allows it to move only along the longitudinal axis of the flexible pressure plate, to always implicitly and accurately copy this pressure plate and, at the same time, to have as little as possible effect on the flexibility of the pressure plate.
• the flexible movable plate is in cross-section made of the C-shaped profile, which partly embraces the pressure plate. At the point where the profile of the plate passes from the side to the top surface of the pressure plate, the entirety of the profile is cut at regular intervals by notches. These notches remove longitudinal rigidity of the profile, allow maintaining of the maximal flexibility of this movable plate, and eliminate its influence on the properties and flexibility of the pressure plate. In addition to that, the embrace ensures that in case of any deflection of the pressure plate the movable plate copies this deflection precisely. Plastic material with the best possible sliding properties was selected as the construction material for the movable plate.
• the profile designed in this way can be used for the linear sander, when the plate is fitted with a minimum of one nib used for connecting of linear drive and moves linearly in two directions along the longitudinal axis of the pressure plate, or in the form of an endless band when it moves in one direction as in the known principle of a band-type sander.
• the function of the C-profile and usage of the flexible pressure plate is the same as for a linear sander.
• the technical solution is utilised advantageously for the system using at least two and more, mutually connected, pressure plates and at least two and more sanding belts, where these belts move in opposite directions. This eliminates mutual resistances, kinetic pressures and tensile forces of the tool, and the momentum forces developed during the sanding process. It is possible to adjust advantageously the speed of individual abrasive bands and thus aid the sander in its movement along the grinded plate.
• Figure 1 shows the manual sanding board according to the technical solution of the invention with the flexible pressure plate, where the pressure is applied from the handle of the plane through two balance beams.
• the handle also serves as an independent third balance beam.
• Figure 2 shows a similar construction of the manual sanding plane fitted with a cover, fixing pull-bars and dust extraction.
• Figure 3 shows Section AA through the detailed construction design of the fixing pull-bars for fixing of the set radius for the curvature of the flexible pressure plate.
• Figure 4 shows the cross-section with the detail of fixing the flexible bellows
• Figure 5 shows the principle of the linear machine sander with the pressure plate and one movable flexible plate, and the use of this sander for sanding of a flat surface.
• Figure 6 and 7 show the usage of the same sander for sanding of convex or concave surfaces.
• Figure 8 shows the principle of the large-area linear machine sander with flexible pressure plate and two, counter -running movable flexible plates.
• Figure 9 shows the section through the flexible pressure plate with movable C- profile-shape plate and its partial embracing of the flexible pressure plate and the nib (carrier) for connecting of the linear drive.
• Figure 10 is the view of the flexible pressure plate with flexible movable plate with lateral notches.
• the plate is provided with one nib (carrier) for connecting of linear drive.
• Figure 11 is illustrated the detail section at lateral notches of the C-profile, which eliminate longitudinal rigidity of the profile.
• Figure 12 is illustrated the principle of bending of the pressure plate and of the movable sanding plate.
• Figure 13 is illustrated the use of the C-profile in the form of an endless band of the band-type sander with two guiding pulleys.
• Figure 14 is the section through the guiding pulley.
• Figure 15 shows the use of the flexible pressure plate on the band-type sander for sanding of a flat surface.
• Figures 16 and 17 show utilisation of the same sander for sanding of convex and concave surface.
• Figure 18 shows the principle of large-area band-type sander with two flexible pressure plates and with two opposite-running bands.
• Figures 19 and 20 is illustrated the usage of identical sander for sanding of convex or concave surface.
• the sander or, more precisely, manual sanding plane (see Fig.1 ) comprises of the basic flexible pressure plate 1, which is fitted on its bottom with sponge rubber 2 and a dry zip 3 for attaching of the sand paper.
• On the pressure plate are located the brackets 4 with pins 5 and 6.
• the brackets are connected in pairs by balance bars 8, which are provided at one end with an opening for pins 5 and on the other end with a notch 7_ . in which moves the pin 6. The movement is initiated by any deflection of the pressure plate I 1 resulting in a change of the distance between pins 5 and 6.
• the balance bars 8 include pins 9 and 10.
• balance bars 8 are mutually bridged over by balance bar 12 ⁇ which is provided at one end with an opening for pin 9 and on the other end with a notch
• the function of balance bars 8 and YZ is to distribute evenly the pressure applied onto the handle of the sanding plane along the entire length of the pressure plate 1, which presses the abrasive material evenly onto the surface being grinded 14 ⁇ and this applies also to sanding of the concave or convex surfaces.
• To the highest-placed balance bar Vl are fixed the ergonomically shaped handles 13.
• the manual sanding plane (see Fig. 2) is of a similar construction to that of the above plane (see Fig. 1 ). It is supplemented by a firm plastic cover 15 with a flexible collar 16 and coupling 17 for connection of the hosepipe for extraction of abrasion dust. For this reason, there are through-holes 18 for extraction of the abrasion dust in the pressure plate.
• the pressure plate is also provided with pull-bars 19_that are fixed against the upper balance bar, and thus the fixing of the curvature of this pressure plate is allowed.
• the detail of the functioning and of the construction of the balance bar 19 is apparent from Section AA in Figure 3.
• the balance bar 19 is firmly connected with the tube 20, which is pulled over pivotally on pin 5.
• the balance bar 19 passes freely through the lateral opening in pin 2I 1 placed pivotally across the upper balance bar or, more precisely, the handle of the sander 12.
• In the longitudinal axis of this pin 21 is a threaded opening for the locking screw 22. If the locking screw 22 is loose, the balance bar 19 can move freely through the lateral opening in pin 21 and it does not limit in any way the flexibility of the pressure plate 1.
• the locking screw 22 pushes the pull-bar 19 and fixes against the pin 21 and therefore against the sander handle 12 and at the same time, it fixes the point that crosses the longitudinal axis of the pull-bar 19 with pressure plate 1.
• the detail of the fixing of the flexible collar 1J3 is illustrated in the section in Figure 4, where the flexible collar 16 is firmly attached to the hard cover 15. The flexible collar 16 is pressed against the flexible pressure plate 1 only with the use of the shaped flat spring 23 connected permanently to the flexible pressure plate 1 by rivets 24.
• the collar is provided in its bottom section with a reinforcing rectangular profile 25, through which springs 23 press evenly the bottom section of the collar 16 to the upper surface of the pressure plate 1.
• the reinforcing profile is provided with openings 26,. into which the ends of the shaped springs 23 jump. Since the flexible collar is not firmly connected to the pressure plate, any deflection of the pressure plate results in the bottom surface of the collar moving independently to the upper surface of the pressure plate, while not limiting in any way the flexibility and properties of the pressure plate 1.
• EXAMPLE 3 The linear machine sander with flexible pressure plate (see Fig. 3) is based on a similar construction and principles as the manual sanding plane (see Fig. 1 and 2).
• the flexible pressure plate 29 is fitted with mechanically driven movable profiled plate 27 fitted on its bottom with abrasive material 28.
• the plate is designed as the C-profile that partly embraces the flexible pressure plate 29.
• the view and the section of thus profiled movable sanding plate embracing the flexible pressure plate are shown in Figures 9 and 10.
• the profile of the movable sanding plate 27 is on its top side lightened by lateral notches 31 made at regular intervals, which removes longitudinal rigidity of the profile. The detail of the lightening is illustrated in Fig. 11.
• Fig. 12 The principle and behaviour of the lightened profile 27 towards the pressure plate 29 during concave or convex deflection of this plate is illustrated in Fig. 12.
• This construction of the movable sanding plate 27 enables the movable sanding plate 27 to copy continually the pressure plate 29 at any deflection of the pressure plate 29 ⁇ in particular during sanding of concave and convex surfaces.
• the profiled plate 27 is fitted with a nib (carrier) 32 designed for connection of the linear drive.
• the flexible pressure plate 29 is fitted with a notch 3Ji 1 in which this nib (carrier) 32 moves linearly.
• the plastic with very good sliding properties (Teflon or similar).
• this construction allows the covering of the whole mechanism in a way that is similar to the covering of the sanding plane (see Fig. 2) and connecting the sander to the extraction of abrasive dust.
• the large-area linear machine sander with flexible pressure plate 34_ (see Fig. 8) is based on the principle similar to the one used for the above-mentioned sander (see Figures 5, 6, and 7).
• the main difference from the above- mentioned sander is the fact, that the flexible pressure plate 34 is not fitted with one but with two movable sanding plates 35 and 36. These plates move linearly along the axis of the pressure plate 34 ⁇ always in opposite directions against each other.
• This solution allows substantial elimination of any resistances from the sanding tool, as the forces, applied on both the plates with abrasive material are applied in opposite directions and therefore cancel each other.
• Another advantage of this design is the substantial increase of the size of the sanding surface.
• the functioning and the principle of the flexible pressure plate 34 and the ability to shape this plate according to the concave or convex surface is maintained.
• the movable sanding plate or, more precisely, the C-profiled movable sanding plate is in this case made as the endless profiled sanding band 37 fitted with abrasive material 38, which runs in one direction over the minimum of two pulleys, with at least one of these being the driving pulley.
• the band is pressed onto the grinded surface with the use of the flexible pressure plate 39 allowing the sanding of concave or convex surfaces.
• the principle of embracing the pressure plate 39 with the profiled sanding band 37 is similar to the one used for the linear sander with profiled sanding plate (see Fig. 10).
• the profiled band has no nibs or carriers.
• the band is put into motion only by the adhesion between the band and the driving pulley or the toothing 40 of the pulley 42, which fits into the notches 4J. of the sanding belt 37.
• Figure 14 shows Section CC through the guiding or the driving pulley 42 with the principle of guiding the sanding profiled band 37.
• the large-area, band-type machine sander (see Fig. 18) is based on the principle similar to the one used for the sander illustrated in Figures 15, 16, and 17.
• two flexible pressure plates 39 are used, connected together with a 43 stirrup and provided with two endless sanding bands 37, which move in opposite directions against each other.
• the speed of these sanding bands is electronically regulated, so that the speeding-up or slowing-down of one of the bands against the other one makes the whole sander to move along the grinded surface and to eliminate partly the physical exertion required during the work with this sander.
• this technical solution of the invention offers the same advantages as the similar movement of the plates moving in opposite direction of the sander illustrated in Figure 6.
• Figures 19 and 20 illustrate the deflection of the pressure plates 39 during sanding of convex and concave surfaces.
• the technical solution of this invention is utilizable in particular for design of new manual sanders or for the sanders with mechanical drive used for sanding of large flat, concave, convex surfaces, and it describes various advantageous methods of improving the sanding operations with the use of the above- mentioned tool.
• the sander for sanding particularly of the flat, concave and convex surfaces and the method of its usage is based on the fact, that the sanding tool (paper, linen or other carrier with sanding abrasive layer) is pressed onto the grinded surface by means of a flexible pressure plate able to copy the concave and convex surfaces with the possibility to set accurately the radius of this curve.
• the principle of the technical solution of the invention of the flexible pressure plate consists in the fact, that the pressure generated during the work onto the body, handle, or handles of the sander with mechanical drive is transferred onto this pressure plate at least at two points simultaneously or over at least one balance beam.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
• Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2007
  • 2007-06-27 CZ CZ20070439A patent/CZ2007439A3/cs unknown
• 2008
  • 2008-06-26 WO PCT/CZ2008/000073 patent/WO2009000219A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-06-26 HR HR20110798T patent/HRP20110798T1/hr unknown
  • 2008-06-26 AT AT08784157T patent/ATE518624T1/de active
  • 2008-06-26 JP JP2010513635A patent/JP2010531240A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2008-06-26 PL PL08784157T patent/PL2170560T3/pl unknown
  • 2008-06-26 DK DK08784157.3T patent/DK2170560T3/da active
  • 2008-06-26 EP EP08784157A patent/EP2170560B1/fr active Active
  • 2008-06-26 CN CN200880022570.3A patent/CN101743096B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-06-26 KR KR1020107001889A patent/KR20100059787A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2008-06-26 AU AU2008267634A patent/AU2008267634A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-06-26 US US12/666,429 patent/US20100261414A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-06-26 ES ES08784157T patent/ES2370780T3/es active Active
  • 2008-06-26 RU RU2010102147/02A patent/RU2498893C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

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