EP2178155B1 - Coupleur directif doté d'une compensation de la netteté d'orientation par adaptation ciblée des erreurs - Google Patents

Coupleur directif doté d'une compensation de la netteté d'orientation par adaptation ciblée des erreurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2178155B1
EP2178155B1 EP09010935.6A EP09010935A EP2178155B1 EP 2178155 B1 EP2178155 B1 EP 2178155B1 EP 09010935 A EP09010935 A EP 09010935A EP 2178155 B1 EP2178155 B1 EP 2178155B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terminal
directional coupler
signals
terminating impedance
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP09010935.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2178155A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Fluhrer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a directional coupler for directional transmission of high-frequency signals.
  • a directivity of more than 30 dB can be achieved with conventional construction only with a three-layered or mechanically very complex structure or by an explicit optimization of the directivity of each directional coupler during manufacture.
  • JP 2008 219175 A shows a directional coupler whose isolation terminal is connected to a termination.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a directional coupler, which achieves a high level of quality with low production costs and small footprint.
  • a directional coupler has at least four terminals located at the ends of two closely spaced strip lines and a termination impedance.
  • the directional coupler is configured to couple signals from a first terminal to a third terminal with low attenuation, and to couple signals from a second terminal to the third terminal with very high attenuation.
  • the directional coupler is configured such that signals from the first port couple to a fourth port with very high attenuation and that signals from the second port couple to the fourth port with low attenuation.
  • the fourth connection is connected to the terminating impedance.
  • the termination impedance is dimensioned to cause a targeted mismatch of the fourth terminal and a reflection of a portion of a signal received at the fourth terminal.
  • the signal reflected at the fourth terminal and a signal applied to the third terminal interfere at least partially destructively.
  • the terminating impedance is dimensioned such that it causes a phase difference of the signal reflected at the fourth terminal with respect to the signal arriving at the third terminal of 180 °.
  • the terminating impedance is an ohmic resistance and an inductance and a capacitance. So is a very high directivity with low frequency selectivity and low Guaranteed production costs. Even a small footprint is the result.
  • the directional coupler includes at least two strip lines.
  • a first stripline preferably connects the first terminal to the second terminal.
  • a second stripline preferably connects the third terminal to the fourth terminal.
  • the two strip lines are preferably arranged in spatial proximity to one another. This makes it possible to use common directional couplers. Stripline directional couplers are also very easy to manufacture and only require a small footprint.
  • the terminating impedance is preferably dimensioned such that the amplitudes of the signal reflected at the fourth terminal and the signal arriving at the third terminal are substantially identical.
  • the directional coupler is advantageously constructed in such a way that signals coupled from the first terminal or the second terminal to the third terminal and to the fourth terminal are phase-shifted by a certain angle.
  • the terminating impedance can be selectively selected to make the phase difference of the signal reflected at the fourth terminal from the signal input at the third terminal to 180 °.
  • the directional coupler is preferably constructed in such a way that signals coupled from the first connection or the second connection to the third connection and to the fourth connection are phase-shifted by 180 °. That's one Setting the phase shift by the terminating impedance not necessary.
  • FIG. 1 an exemplary directional coupler 1 is shown.
  • a first strip line 2 has the connections 10, 11.
  • a second strip line 3 has the connections 12, 13.
  • the two strip lines 2, 3 are arranged in a large spatial proximity on a substrate, not shown here.
  • signals couple to terminal 12 with low attenuation, and to terminal 13 with high attenuation.
  • Signals applied to terminal 11 couple with less Damping to port 13, and high damping to port 12.
  • a signal is applied to terminal 11.
  • the signal is applied to the first stripline 2 and couples to the second stripline 3. Since the terminals 12, 13 of the second stripline 3 are not terminated in this example, a significant portion of the signal coupled to the terminal 13 is reflected. This significantly deteriorates the directivity of the directional coupler. By an adapted termination on the terminal 13, this can be avoided to some extent. However, such a conclusion is frequency-selective, which causes a frequency dependence of the directivity.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the directional coupler according to the invention.
  • the directional coupler 30 shown here has the connections 10, 11, 12, 13.
  • the directional coupler according to the invention additionally includes a terminating impedance 20 connected to the connection 13.
  • the terminating impedance 20 is furthermore connected to a ground connection 21.
  • a conventional directional coupler 1 is used within the directional coupler 30 according to the invention. This can be both a stripline directional coupler, as in Fig. 1 represented, as well as any directional coupler be of a different design.
  • a pure ohmic resistance is connected as a terminating impedance 20 to the terminal 13.
  • the terminal 11 is selectively mismatched by the terminating impedance 20. This results in the reflection of a part of the signal applied to the terminal 13.
  • the terminating impedance 20 is selected such that the attenuation of the signal reflected at the terminal 13 corresponds to the attenuation of the signal coupled to the terminal 12. In this example, both attenuations are set to -35dB.
  • Phase difference is less than 180 °, so this phase difference must be adjusted by means of the terminating impedance 20.
  • the terminating impedance 20 By using inductors, capacitors and ohmic resistors, a phase jump of the reflected signal at the terminal 13 is intentionally caused. However, such an artificially induced phase shift has a certain frequency selectivity. An optimal directivity is thus only in a small frequency range too achieve.
  • a terminating impedance is used which is lower than in the case of a matched termination. A phase jump is achieved so reliably.

Landscapes

  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Coupleur directionnel (30) comprenant au moins quatre connexions (10, 11, 12, 13), qui se situent aux extrémités de deux lignes micro-ruban (2, 3) agencées à proximité l'un de l'autre, et une impédance de terminaison (20),
    dans lequel le coupleur directionnel (30) est conçu de telle manière que les signaux provenant d'une première connexion (10) se couplent à une troisième connexion (12) avec une faible atténuation,
    dans lequel les signaux provenant d'une deuxième connexion (11) se couplent à la troisième connexion (12) avec une forte atténuation,
    dans lequel les signaux provenant de la première connexion (10) se couplent à une quatrième connexion (13) avec une forte atténuation,
    dans lequel les signaux provenant de la deuxième connexion (11) se couplent à la quatrième connexion (13) avec une faible atténuation,
    dans lequel la quatrième connexion (13) est reliée à l'impédance de terminaison (20),
    dans lequel l'impédance de terminaison (20) est dimensionnée de manière à provoquer une désadaptation ciblée de la quatrième connexion (13) par rapport à l'une des lignes micro-ruban (3) et une réflexion d'une partie d'un signal sur la quatrième connexion (13),
    dans lequel le signal réfléchi sur la quatrième connexion (13) et un signal appliqué sur la troisième connexion (12) interfèrent de manière destructive au moins en partie sur une des lignes micro-ruban (3),
    dans lequel l'impédance de terminaison (20) est dimensionnée de manière à provoquer une différence de phase de 180° du signal réfléchi sur la quatrième connexion (13) par rapport au signal entrant sur la troisième connexion (12),
    dans lequel l'impédance de terminaison (20) est une résistance ohmique et une inductance et une capacité,
    dans lequel le coupleur directionnel (30) comporte au moins une désadaptation de la première connexion (10) et/ou de la deuxième connexion (11) et/ou de la troisième connexion (12), et
    dans lequel la au moins une désadaptation est réalisée de manière à continuer de contribuer à l'interférence destructive des signaux sur la troisième connexion (12).
  2. Coupleur directionnel selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel le coupleur directionnel (30) comporte au moins deux lignes micro-ruban (2, 3),
    dans lequel une première ligne micro-ruban (2) relie la première connexion (10) à la deuxième connexion (11),
    dans lequel une deuxième ligne micro-ruban (3) relie la troisième connexion (12) à la quatrième connexion (13), et
    dans lequel les deux lignes micro-ruban (2, 3) sont agencées à proximité l'une de l'autre.
  3. Coupleur directionnel selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    dans lequel l'impédance de terminaison (20) est dimensionnée de telle manière que les amplitudes du signal réfléchi sur la quatrième connexion (13) et du signal entrant sur la troisième connexion (12) sont en grande partie identiques.
  4. Coupleur directionnel selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    dans lequel le coupleur directionnel (30) est conçu de telle manière que les signaux couplés de la première connexion (10) ou de la deuxième connexion (11) à la troisième connexion (12) et à la quatrième connexion (13) sont déphasés d'un angle défini.
  5. Coupleur directionnel selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    dans lequel le coupleur directionnel (30) est conçu de telle manière que les signaux couplés de la première connexion(10) ou de la deuxième connexion (11) à la troisième connexion (12) et à la quatrième connexion (13) sont déphasés de 180°.
EP09010935.6A 2008-10-16 2009-08-26 Coupleur directif doté d'une compensation de la netteté d'orientation par adaptation ciblée des erreurs Active EP2178155B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008051914A DE102008051914A1 (de) 2008-10-16 2008-10-16 Richtkoppler mit Kompensation der Richtschärfe durch gezielte Fehlanpassung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2178155A1 EP2178155A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
EP2178155B1 true EP2178155B1 (fr) 2018-10-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09010935.6A Active EP2178155B1 (fr) 2008-10-16 2009-08-26 Coupleur directif doté d'une compensation de la netteté d'orientation par adaptation ciblée des erreurs

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EP (1) EP2178155B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008051914A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2699631T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105789811A (zh) * 2016-04-20 2016-07-20 广东工业大学 自补偿定向耦合器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030011442A1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-16 Halappa Ashoka Microstrip directional coupler loaded by a pair of inductive stubs
EP2147478A1 (fr) * 2007-05-11 2010-01-27 Thales Coupleur de signaux hyperfrequences en technologie microruban

Family Cites Families (7)

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US4644260A (en) * 1985-08-05 1987-02-17 Motorola, Inc. Coupler with coupled line used to cancel finite directivity
US4999593A (en) * 1989-06-02 1991-03-12 Motorola, Inc. Capacitively compensated microstrip directional coupler
US5424694A (en) 1994-06-30 1995-06-13 Alliedsignal Inc. Miniature directional coupler
US5625328A (en) * 1995-09-15 1997-04-29 E-Systems, Inc. Stripline directional coupler tolerant of substrate variations
US20020093384A1 (en) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-18 Woods Donnie W. High-directivity and adjusable directional couplers and method therefor
DE10121535A1 (de) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-07 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zum Auskoppeln eines vorgegebenen Teils eines hochfrequenten Ausgangssignals
JP2008219175A (ja) * 2007-02-28 2008-09-18 Furuno Electric Co Ltd 電力合成／分配装置および多点給電円偏波アンテナ

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030011442A1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-16 Halappa Ashoka Microstrip directional coupler loaded by a pair of inductive stubs
EP2147478A1 (fr) * 2007-05-11 2010-01-27 Thales Coupleur de signaux hyperfrequences en technologie microruban

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
D B LEESON: "Microwave Filters", EE1194 RF LECTURE NOTES, 21 December 1999 (1999-12-21), XP055401997, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://home.sandiego.edu/~ekim/e194rfs01/filterek.pdf> [retrieved on 20170829] *
DAVID M POZAR: "The terminated lossless transmission line; Impedance matching and tuning", MICROWAVE ENGINEERING, 31 December 1998 (1998-12-31), US, XP055401994, ISBN: 978-0-471-17096-9, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:Microwave Engineering 2nd Edition> [retrieved on 20170829] *
FENG WEI ET AL: "A NEW DIRECTIONAL COUPLER FOR UHF RFID READER", MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 50, no. 7, 31 July 2008 (2008-07-31), pages 1973 - 1975, XP055336194, DOI: 10.1002/mop *
PENG BAI ET AL: "A Novel RX-TX Front-Ends for Passive RFID Reader with High Isolation", MICROWAVE, ANTENNA, PROPAGATION AND EMC TECHNOLOGIES FOR WIRELESS COMM UNICATIONS, 2007 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON, IEEE, PI, 1 August 2007 (2007-08-01), pages 332 - 335, XP031167703, ISBN: 978-1-4244-1044-6 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2699631T3 (es) 2019-02-12
DE102008051914A1 (de) 2010-04-22
EP2178155A1 (fr) 2010-04-21

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