Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
  • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
  • E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
  • E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for introducing a gas into a petroleum-containing rock or earth layer by means of a suitable conduit, wherein the conduit is introduced into the rock or earth layer, and the gas for the purpose of increased production of petroleum from the petroleum-containing Rock or soil layer is injected (Enhanced Oil Recovery).
• gas is to be understood below as meaning all gases and gas mixtures which are used in so-called tertiary oil production.
• nitrogen, carbon dioxide, natural gas and / or associated gas (s) are used as technical gases in tertiary oil production.
• the yields of oil deposits are increased by the fact that technical gases are introduced or injected into the oil reservoir.
• the technical gas in order to make petroleum flow due to the increased pressure of the introduced gases in the reservoir or source, the technical gas must first be injected for a comparatively long time in the rainfall before a significant effect can be recognized.
• the technical gas must be introduced between 6 and 12 months, until the desired, increased oil production is achieved. During this period, however, it is uncertain whether the desired effect - namely the increase in oil yield - can be achieved at all.
• the rock of a deposit has cracks, through which the introduced gas can flow away and consequently can not contribute to oil production.
• the object of the present invention is to specify a generic method for introducing at least one technical gas in the region of an oil reservoir, which makes it possible to increase the yield of the oil deposit.
• a generic method for introducing at least one technical gas in the area of an oil reservoir is proposed, which is characterized in that the gas is introduced at a rate sufficient to cause a turbulent flow of the gas in the channels of the petroleum-containing Rock or earth layer to produce.
• the technical gas to be introduced into the oil deposit is introduced in such a way that a turbulent gas flow is formed in the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer.
• a turbulent gas flow is formed in the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer.
• the normally laminar gas flow in the channels of the rock of the deposit is converted into a turbulent flow.
• the volume of gas passed through a channel is proportional to its cross-sectional area, hence to the square of the channel diameter (V gas ⁇ d 2 ).
• the speed is proportional to the square of the diameter of a channel.
• V gas is the volume flow of the gas in the channel with the doubled diameter
• V 0 is the volume flow in the original channel, each with the same pressure loss.
• Laminar flowing gas flows in a so-called plug flow through the rock channels. This has the consequence that the velocity on the wall of a channel is almost zero and thus no mass transfer takes place.
• the gas velocity over the cross section is approximately constant high up to the wall of a channel, so that the separation forces for oil also remain high.
• significantly higher detachment forces act on the channel edges according to the method according to the invention, as a result of which significantly more oil can be dissolved out of the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer. That is, the yield of petroleum by the process according to the invention is significantly higher than in a process according to the prior art.
• the speed of the gas during introduction is preferably at least sonic speed.
• the gas is introduced as a pressure wave.
• the gas is introduced in this embodiment as a pressure wave.
• a pressure wave is understood in the context of this application that the gas is at least temporarily introduced at a high pressure.
• the gas flows at high speed, eg sonic speed or supersonic speed, into the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer.
• a pressure in the range of about 10 bar. The exact pressure depends on the porosity of the petroleum-containing rock or soil layer and may be more than 300 bar when introduced into deeper layers.
• the duration of the pressure waves is varied.
• the duration of a pressure wave is chosen between 1 minute and 5 hours, preferably between 3 minutes and 3 hours.
• the duration of a pressure wave in this embodiment of the invention depends on the porosity of the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer. The more porous the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer, the lower the differential pressure of the pressure wave to the rock pressure can be selected to achieve the desired effect. For petroleum-containing rock or earth layers, which have a very low porosity, the duration of a pressure wave can be quite well longer than specified.
• Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, natural gas and / or associated gas (s) are preferably used as the technical gas to be introduced.
• the particular gas used is suitably selected according to the nature and conditions of the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer. Gaseous hydrocarbons mix with the petroleum in the rock or soil layer, thereby reducing the capillary forces that hold the petroleum in the rock or earth layer and thus facilitate transport to the delivery line. A similar effect occurs with the use of gaseous carbon dioxide. Gaseous carbon dioxide mixes with the petroleum and reduces the viscosity. Thus, with the use of gaseous carbon dioxide also easier transport of petroleum is achieved in the petroleum-containing rock or soil layer. The economically cheaper nitrogen, however, practically does not mix with the petroleum. With multiple injection of gaseous nitrogen, a gas front is formed, through which the oil is dissolved out of the rock or earth layer.
• the initial pressure of the pressure wave is selected to be so high that the storage rock of the oil reservoir is not damaged.
• the maximum turbulence of the gas flow can be achieved without damaging the petroleum-containing rock or soil layer.
• the pressure to be applied to the load capacity of the bearing rock adapted so that no new fractures occur within the storage rock.
• the initial pressure of the pressure wave is at least 10 bar higher than the rock pressure in the petroleum-containing rock or earth layer.
• the maximum pressure may possibly be less than 15 bar, while at depths below the surface, for example at a depth of 3,000 m, usually a maximum pressure of 300 bar and higher can be realized.
• the method according to the invention for introducing at least one technical gas in the region of an oil reservoir enables an increase in the yield of the oil reservoir, whereby the required amount of the technical gas is reduced and, moreover, the effect of the increase in yield, compared to the methods of the prior art, is much faster visible becomes.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-08-21 DE DE102009038444A patent/DE102009038444A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-08-21 DE DE102009038445A patent/DE102009038445A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-09-08 EP EP09011516A patent/EP2180138A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-10-15 US US12/579,865 patent/US20100206556A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-10-16 US US12/580,524 patent/US20100096146A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-10-20 EA EA200901269A patent/EA200901269A1/ru unknown
  • 2009-10-20 MX MX2009011336A patent/MX2009011336A/es unknown
  • 2009-10-21 BR BRPI0904210-5A patent/BRPI0904210A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation

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