EP2182155A2 - Scissor mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The shear has a sliding body (2) with C-shaped cross-section and guided at a longitudinally-extended rail (1), where the sliding body is movable relative to the rail. A shear bar (4) is rotatably attached to the sliding body. The rail is ohm-shaped in cross-section over an area of a longitudinal extension. The rail and the sliding body are dimensioned such that the sliding body passes around a beam of ohm-form with end areas of C-shaped cross-section. A plastic slider (5) is centrically attached at the sliding body at a side pointing to the rail. An independent claim is also included for a stay comprising a drive.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a pair of scissors for the guided opening and closing of facade elements, such as windows, skylights, ventilation flaps, fire dampers, exhaust openings, exhaust chimneys, etc., and a Ausstellschere having a plurality of such scissors.

State of the art

The EP 0 968 349 B2 discloses a shearing joint comprising a pair of parallel rails and a pair of diagonally crossed connections. The rails used in this case have a C-shaped cross section, wherein the diagonally crossed connections are each rotatably or pivotally connected to each rail and also with each other. In the known scissors each rail brings a shoe under, which carries a pivot or pivot. The pivot point or pin is connected to one of the connections. The well-known scissors should offer good stability with smooth mobility.

Another Parallelausstellschere is off FR 1 220 735 known. This Parallelausstellschere has a Z-section frame, in which an opening element engages with L-section.

In addition, from the CH 75 417 a Parallelausstellschere known that can be used on a window. In this device, the Rail at the movable end provided with a screw, so that a rail between the rail surface and screw head is guided by a sliding device.

Finally, the shows WO 87/05963 a device for issuing a window frame. In the device, a guide rail with C-shape is used.

The previously known constructions have in common that for proper guidance of the slidably mounted components manufacturing tolerances are necessary, which lead to unreasonably high costs.

Presentation of the invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a pair of scissors, which ensures a secure, in particular tilt-free guidance of mutually displaceable components with reduced manufacturing costs.

The basic idea of the present invention is to change the connection between a sliding body and a rail in order to achieve these goals such that the rail is Ω-shaped over a portion of its length in cross-section and the body guided on the rail with a C-shape surrounds the Ω ,

The above objects are achieved by a device according to protection claim 1. Further preferred embodiments can be found in the appended subclaims. In addition, the objects are achieved in particular by Ausstellschere according to one of the protection claims 9 to 13.

In the present case, a Q-shape is understood to mean a shape in which two spaced apart, facing each other and preferably parallel bars are connected to each other via a concave or polygonal shape, at their ends facing each other. The bars preferably have the same length. If they are parallel to each other, they are more preferably in the same plane. Due to the corresponding design of the slider and the rail safe movement of the scissors is made possible in addition to a smooth sliding.

For the Ω-form acceptable manufacturing tolerances can be maintained even over long rail lengths with reduced production costs. The sliding bodies are i.d.R. significantly shorter than the rails, so that the C-shape used there is cheaper to produce than over the length of a rail. Overall, there is a considerable cost advantage.

Thus, a pair of scissors according to the invention is also suitable for carrying comparable loads at a lower wall thickness with the prior art, but will remain smooth and not prone to wedging.

It is preferred that on the slider on the side facing the rail side, a plastic slider is mounted centrally. This plastic slider can be used to achieve a braking effect between the slider and the rail. The braking effect depends on the distance between the plastic slider attached to the slider and the rail as well as the materials of the elements in contact.

In a preferred embodiment, the plastic slider is attached by means of a threaded pin on the slider, so that a distance between plastic slider and slider is adjustable. Thus, the corresponding braking effect can be adjusted individually. This is during assembly or at a later time Time possible. Typically, the plastic slider has a lower resistance to frictional resistance with respect to the rail. By continuing the plastic slider or even the slider must not be replaced even after wear of the plastic slider after prolonged use, but it can, in order to achieve the same braking effect, be readjusted. This proves to be particularly advantageous if supported by such scissors heavy facade elements and moved. In this case, it is apparent that replacement of the facade elements is undesirable. It is thus required a long life of the components used. An apparatus according to the present invention ensures this.

Moreover, it is preferred that the rail has a stop element which determines the maximum stroke of the Glertkörpers along the rail. Thus, the maximum load capacity of such a pair of scissors is already determined by the geometry, so that a safe operation of the scissors can be ensured.

It is particularly preferred that said stop element is formed integrally with the rail. In addition, it may prove beneficial to make the rail from a sheet. As a result, the stopper member in this embodiment would be e.g. is provided by punching and / or deforming the rail at a corresponding location. By this measure, the manufacturing cost can be kept low because no additional elements or screw or the like are needed.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the rail has bearing areas at its ends in order to attach the rail to a further element, wherein the bearing areas flat with respect to the Ω-shape of the rail are formed. Thus, the support areas, for example, integrally formed from the rail. In other words, it is sufficient to bend one of the regions from a semifinished product, if the semifinished product used is a metal sheet. Also by this measure, the manufacturing cost can be kept low. The mountability of the slider is possible in a simple manner by insertion.

In addition, it is preferred that the mentioned bearing areas are aligned in a plane extending parallel to a displacement plane of the slider. Thus, corresponding rails can for example be attached to window frames or window elements, which for this purpose each have correspondingly aligned surface areas.

Moreover, it is preferably provided that the bearing areas and the rail can be made integrally from a common semi-finished product. The Ω-shape as well as the integral formation of the areas of a half-train reduce the production costs. The slider can be suitably guided between a stop element and a support area.

In a further aspect, the present invention provides a pop-up scissors, comprising: two scissors according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the scissors are rotatably connected at a central position of the scissors bars, and the scissor bars are rotatably mounted at one free end to the other scissors , so that the Ausstellschere can ensure a parallel issuing. The design is often referred to as X-scissors. According to this embodiment, a Parallelausstellschere is thus provided, with the example, a window can be issued parallel to the window frame. Such Construction is used, for example, when building parallel exposure windows are used to improve the indoor climate and at the same time provide a ventilation of the rooms. Accordingly, such systems are commonly remotely controlled and operated by a motor, even if manual operation is also possible in principle. Of course, such Parallelausstellscheren can also be used for other facade elements, as they are shown in the aforementioned field of the invention.

Moreover, it is provided in a further aspect of the present invention to provide a Ausstellschere, comprising: a first pair of scissors according to one of the above embodiments, wherein the scissor rod is rotatably mounted at a free end to a second slider, said second slider on a second rail guided and is movable relative to this, and a short-shear rod which is formed shorter in its longitudinal extent than the first scissor rod and at a free end with a third sliding body in connection, said third sliding body guided on the first rail and is movable relative thereto, and the short-shear bar is rotatably mounted at a free end at a middle position of the first scissor bar. This embodiment is also referred to as Y-Ausschschere. With her also a tilting movement, for example, a window can be achieved when opening.

It is particularly preferred that the Ausstellschere said objective directions of the present invention are moved by means of a drive, which may also be motorized. Thus, a corresponding Ausstellschere be used in an automatically controlled ventilation and air conditioning system.

It is preferred that the drive acts on the slide rod or the slider. In both variants, it can be ensured that an opening movement can be performed according to the configuration of the Ausstellschere as Parallelausstellschere or Y-Ausstellschere.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the sliding shoes in contact with the various rails are each oriented mirror-inverted to different planes. If a corresponding Ausstellschere used in a window, this means that the opening side of a rail facing in the direction of the window, while the opening of the other rail facing away from the window.

It is particularly preferred that a pair of scissors or Ausstellschere according to the preceding embodiments is characterized in that the scissors or Ausstellschere is used to open and close windows. Used in this way, the advantages mentioned above come in a special way to bear, even if it is again pointed out at this point that corresponding scissors or Ausstellscheren also at other openings, as they were initially mentioned in the field of the invention, can be used.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments will be explained below with reference to the attached drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a Parallelausstellschere according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detail B of a support area of in Fig. 1 illustrated Parallelausstellschere.

Fig. 3 shows another perspective view of in Fig. 1 parallel shears shown.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated Parallelausstellschere.

Fig. 5 is a side view of in Fig. 4 illustrated Parallelausstellschere.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the in Fig. 5 marked area A.

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of a parallel embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows the Parallelausstellschere according to Figure 7 in a top view.

Fig. 9 shows the Parallelausstellschere according to the other embodiment in a side view.

Fig. 10 shows the Parallelausstellschere according to FIG. 8 in a retracted position.

Fig. 11 is a side view of in FIG. 10 parallel shears shown.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the rail of Parallelausstellschere according to the other embodiment in a plan view.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 12 ,

Fig. 14 is another enlarged sectional view of FIG. 12 ,

Detailed description of preferred embodiments

The following is with reference to the illustrated FIGS. 1 to 6 a preferred embodiment of the present invention described by way of example. It is a so-called Parallelausstellschere to allow a parallel issuing example of a window to open this window. Such systems are used in office buildings, for example, when heavy facade elements are to be opened for ventilation.

Fig. 1 shows a Parallelausstellschere the present invention. The Parallelausstellschere has two scissors in contact with each other.

A pair of scissors comprises a rail 1, a sliding body 2 guided on this rail 1 and a scissor bar 4 rotatably connected to the sliding body by means of a rivet connection. The rail 1 extends in a longitudinal direction and has a certain width in the transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

The slider has a C-shape in cross-section, and surrounds the rail 1, but is movable with respect to the rail. In this way, the slider is guided on the rail. On slider 2, a plastic slider 5 is attached to the side facing the rail, ie within the C-shape, which is in contact with the rail 1. On the slider 2, a threaded hole 6 is mounted centrally to introduce a threaded pin therein. With such a threaded pin, the plastic slider 5 can be held and secured, at the same time, however, it is ensured that the Plastic slider 5 can be adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the displacement plane.

The rail 1 has a stop 7, which is formed integrally with the rail 1. If the rail 1 is made of sheet metal as in the present example, the stop 7 is made by inserting two slots in the rail and then bending the area between the slots. Moreover, the first pair of scissors has a scissors bar 4, which comprises a bent end area 4a.

At the two ends of the rail 1, a support region 8a, 8b is provided in each case. While the rail 1, as described in more detail later, has an omega-shape, the support portions 8a, 8b are formed substantially flat. In the support areas 8a, 8b respectively fastening grooves 9a, 9b are provided centrally in the transverse direction to attach the rail to another element, such as a window frame. In addition, additional holes 10a, 10b are formed at approximately one-third of the distance to the rail 1.

The dargestelite Parallelausstellschere has in addition to the previously described scissors to a second pair of scissors, which is formed substantially complementary to the first pair of scissors. However, this second pair of scissors, as well as their individual elements, are oriented such that the second rail 21 can be mounted on a surface, such as a window frame, opposite the surface to which the rail 1 is attached with its support portions 8a, 8b ,

In addition, the second pair of scissors has a scissors bar 24 which includes a bent end portion 24a.

The two scissors just described are connected as follows: on the one hand is in a central A rivet 40 is attached to the region of the respective scissors bar 4, 24 in order to connect the two scissors bars 4, 24 to one another in a rotatable manner. In addition, the free ends of the shear rods 4, 24, which are not connected to the slider 2, 22, in each case with the other rail 1, 21 in contact and at this point, each with a rivet 41, 42 rotatable with the other rail. 1 , 21 connected.

Attention should be paid to the bent end portions 4a, 24a of the shear rods 4, 24, so that a displaceability of the first rail 1 relative to the second rail 21 or vice versa can be ensured. Anäerenfalls the elements would wedge each other and a corresponding movement would not be possible.

Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of an end portion of the rail 1 of Fig. 1 , On the basis of this illustration, the Q shape of the rail according to the invention and the corresponding contact area at one end of the rail 1 will be explained in more detail. The rail 1 is preferably made of a sheet material and is thus - also preferred - produced by forming. During production, slits are provided transversely to the longitudinal extent of the rail 1 at a certain distance from the corresponding end of the rail 1 at this, in order to divide the remaining portion of the rail 1 of the support areas 8a, 8b. The slots cut from one longitudinal side of the rail 1 in the transverse direction while only in the rail 1, a connection of the support portion 8 a, 8 b, which is defined by the respective end of the rail and the slots, with the remaining portion of the rail first to ensure. Then, a fastening groove is centrally introduced in the transverse direction, which is located both in the respective support region 8a, 8b and in the remaining region of the rail 1. Even during this process step, it remains ensured that the support regions 8a, 8b and the remaining region of the rail 1 remain connected to each other with Ω-shape.

The rail 1 is then deformed into its characteristic Ω-shape, while the respective support area 8a, 8b, as shown in the figures, retains its flat shape. In this case, the Ω-shape means that the rail 1 is bent in regions in such a way that a Ω-shape is formed in the cross-section. The transversely outer bars of the rail 1 with Ω-shape run substantially parallel to a plane of the original rail, are preferably in a common plane. They preferably have the same length. The transversely middle region of the rail remains substantially in the plane of the original rail. The central region is formed by two transversely opposite and preferably equal in magnitude radii connecting the outer beams. The middle region may also have another radius of different magnitude. The connection structure may also be a polygon.

In Fig. 3 is the parallel shears of Fig. 1 in a further perspective view in order to illustrate the corresponding elements from another view forth.

It will be understood that the sliding body 2 is restricted in its movement in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 both by the stop 7 and by a screw (or its head) introduced into the corresponding fastening groove 9a.

Likewise is Fig. 1 to take an elongated design of the fastening grooves 9a, 9b. The elongated design is suitable for aligning the Parallelausstellschere during installation and compensate for any manufacturing tolerances.

In Fig. 5 is the parallel shears of Fig. 4 shown in a folded side view. In addition, shows Fig. 6 a detailed view Fig. 5 In order to see the omega shape of the rail 1 according to the invention in a side view. In this case, the region of the rail 1, which is not one of the support regions 8a, 8b, is bent substantially at two right angles, so that the end regions of the rail 1 lie in a plane substantially parallel to the support regions 8a, 8b. In addition, it will be understood how the slider 2 includes the rail 1 on the side portions to ensure a safe adjustment of the Parallelausstellschere.

With regard to the production steps of a pair of scissors or a shearing cutter listed in this exemplary embodiment, it should be noted that they can also be performed in a sequence other than the one mentioned or even at the same time. Further, it should be noted that a sheet metal strip as a semi-finished product for producing the rail is preferably used in this embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The same applies to the material of such a semi-finished product, which is a steel material here.

The following is with reference to the Figures 7-14 another embodiment of the present invention is described. Essentially, what has already been said about the features of the preceding embodiment applies insofar as the corresponding features do not differ from the embodiment described below.

The Parallelausstellschere according to the other embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that the rail 1 is only in the sliding portion 1A (guide portion) of the slider 2 in cross-section Ω-shaped. Unlike the sliding portion 1A of the rail 1 is the further area 1B not Q-shaped, but in cross-section U-shaped (that is rectangular in cross-section with an open side) constructed. To clarify these two areas is on the Figures 12-14 referenced, wherein FIG. 13 the Ω-shaped sliding portion 1A, and FIG. 14 the U-shaped further area 1B of the rail 1 relates.

The sliding portion 1A and the other portion 1B merge into each other in the present embodiment. This is achieved by forming a rail blank. The expression of the transition region between the sliding region 1A and the wider region 1B may vary to the embodiment shown in the figures.

The ratios of the regions 1A, 1B in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 may be different from each other in the other embodiments Figures 7-14 differentiate shown. In other words, the sliding portion 1A may occupy a larger area of the rail 1 as well. In the in FIG. 12 In the embodiment shown, however, the length of the sliding region 1A is approximately 1/3 of the total length of the rail 1.

Incidentally, the further embodiment is limited according to the Figures 7-14 also with regard to the attachment (to, for example, a window frame) from the first embodiment. Thus, the pads of the first embodiment, as shown in detail in FIG FIG. 2 The fastening grooves 90a, 90b according to the further embodiment are integrated directly in the sliding region 1A or further region 1B of the rail, and do not form any additional support regions. In addition, in addition to the fastening grooves 90a, 90b further fastening grooves on the rail 1, 21 may be provided. In Fig. 12 Such further grooves 90c, 90d are provided in a central portion of the rail 1, which can serve for attachment to a window frame or window.

As in the first embodiment, a stop 7 is provided in this embodiment such that it limits a maximum exhibition of Parallelausstellschere. The slider body 2 is thus so far along the sliding portion 1A movable until it touches the stopper 7. As in the first embodiment, the stopper 7 is integrally formed with the rail 1. Thus, the stopper 7 is partially punched out of the rail 1, and bent out of the plane of the rail 1. Of course, however, the stop 70 may also be a separate component to the rail 1, that is, for example, a rivet attached to the rail 1.

Furthermore, this applies to the rail 1 analogous to the rail 21, which is mirror-inverted as in the first embodiment in a plane parallel to the rail 1 and connected by means of the shear rods 4, 24 with the rail 1 to form an X-Ausstellschere.

Incidentally, the specific features of the first embodiment ( Figures 1-6 ) as well as the features of the further embodiment ( Figures 7-14 ) also occur in combination with one another in order to justify other types of embodiments not shown in the figures.

Claims (15)

Scissors for guiding the movement of a facade element relative to a frame, comprising: an elongated rail (1), a sliding body (2) with a C-shaped cross-section, which can be guided on the rail (1) and is movable relative to the rail (1), a scissor rod (4) rotatably mounted on the slider (2); the rail (1) is Ω-shaped in cross section over an area (1A) of its longitudinal extent; and Rail and slider are dimensioned so that the slider with the end portions of its C-shaped cross section extends around the beams of the Ω-shape. Scissors according to claim 1, characterized in that on the sliding body on the side facing the rail (1) side center a plastic slider (5) is mounted. Scissors according to claim 2, characterized in that the plastic slider is attached by means of a threaded pin on the sliding body (2), so that a distance between the plastic slider (5) and sliding body (2) is adjustable. Scissors according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail (1) a Stop element (7) which determines the maximum stroke of the slider (2) along the rail (1). Scissors according to claim 4, characterized in that the stop element (7) is formed integrally with the rail (1). Scissors according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail (1) bearing areas (8a, 8b) has at their ends to attach the rail (1) to another element, wherein the support areas (8a, 8b) either by a Flattening of the Ω-shape of the rail (1) are formed, or the support areas are formed by the rail (1), so that a support area in a sliding portion (1A) of the slider (2) on the rail (1) and a second support area in a further region (1B) of the rail (1) is present. Scissors according to claim 6, characterized in that the bearing areas (8a, 8b) are aligned in a plane extending parallel to a plane of displacement of the slider (2). Scissors according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rail (1) is made of a semi-finished product. Scissors according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail (1) has a Ω-shaped sliding region (1A), and a further region (1B) which is U-shaped in cross-section. Ausstellschere comprising: two shears according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein with each pair of scissors the sliding body (2, 22) is guided on the rail (1, 21) and the scissor rod (4, 24) is attached to the sliding body (2, 22) at one of its end portions, the two scissor rods (4, 24) are rotatably connected to one another in their central region, and the scissor rods (4, 24) of a pair of scissors are rotatably mounted at their other end region on the rail (1, 21) of the respective other scissors such that the scissors ensure a parallel issuing. Ausstellschere comprising: two scissors according to any one of claims 1-9,
wherein with each pair of scissors the sliding body (2, 22) is guided on the rail (1, 21) and the scissor rod (4, 24) is attached to the sliding body (2, 22) at one of its end portions, one of the two scissors rods (4, 24) is rotatably connected to the other of its end portions with the central region of the other scissor rod, and the scissors rods (4, 24) of a pair of scissors are rotatably mounted on the rail (1, 21) of the respective other pair of scissors at their other end region in such a way that the deployment scissors can ensure a parallel exposure. Ausstellschere according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the Ausstellschere is moved by means of a drive. Ausstellschere according to claim 12, characterized in that the drive on the slide rod (4, 24) or the sliding body (2, 22) engages. Ausstellschere according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the sliding rails (2, 22) in contact with the various rails (1, 21) are each aligned mirror-inverted to the displacement plane. Scissors or Ausstellschere according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the scissors or Ausstellschere is used for opening and closing of windows.

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