EP2201217B1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant de stabiliser la position d'éléments de soutènement d'un tunnel - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant de stabiliser la position d'éléments de soutènement d'un tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2201217B1
EP2201217B1 EP07703077A EP07703077A EP2201217B1 EP 2201217 B1 EP2201217 B1 EP 2201217B1 EP 07703077 A EP07703077 A EP 07703077A EP 07703077 A EP07703077 A EP 07703077A EP 2201217 B1 EP2201217 B1 EP 2201217B1
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Prior art keywords
tunnel
elements
bracing
fact
construction
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Not-in-force
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EP07703077A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2201217A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Hillbrand
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Florianer Bahn Forschungs- und Errichtungsgesellschaft mbH
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Florianer Bahn Forschungs- und Errichtungsgesellschaft mbH
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Publication of EP2201217A1 publication Critical patent/EP2201217A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/12—Temporary supports for use during building; Accessories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the stabilization of position of a tunnel tube offset tunnel construction elements, in particular tubbing, after the displacement and the Vor-direction thereto with a support structure, according to the preamble of the first method claim and the first device claim.
  • Tunnel boring machines facilitate propulsion even in poor, brittle soils and enable a high degree of mechanization in tunneling.
  • the design and details of the construction of the machines are prepared for each site on the soil digestion results of geologists and hydrologists, according to the experience of the manufacturers of milling, trailing equipment, tubbing, and construction adapted. Nevertheless, in this hundreds of thousands or millions of tons of outbreak material comprehensive construction projects surprising problems that are referred to as subsoil risk can not be excluded.
  • the cylindrical shield in which the drives of the cutting wheel, the transfer equipment for the excavated debris and the jacking cylinders for the jacking are arranged.
  • the rear part of the shield, the tail shield consists of a cylindrical pipe jacket with a length larger than the maximum dimension of the segments, in which a hydraulic manipulator, called Erector, with which the segments are made into a complete ring, with the closing block of 360 ° and connected to the already built-in pre-filled ring of Tubbingen.
  • the newly installed tubbing ring leaves the shield tail, from which it is stabilized.
  • the annulus between the inner contour of the milled out mountains and the outer diameter of the tubbing ring released and it may, depending on the milled material in addition to breakouts or caverns around the shield of the machine form or have formed.
  • Mitigation can be achieved in some rock types by creating a protective screen by pre-injecting through holes through flat-angled openings in the shield of the tunnel boring machine.
  • This requires injectability and a necessary setting time.
  • Radial anchoring can remedy where this measure is not possible, but does not solve the problem of uneven backfilling and support of the segments and takes time and is expensive.
  • the stable support of the segments can be achieved in those that are not provided for screwing only by additional, doweled on the tubbing steel support rings, several per meter, and tie rods and lashing and busbar, their subsequent disassembly, after stabilization of each tubbing ring, because of is necessary for the wake of the tunnel boring machine and takes a lot of time, slows down the propulsion.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the tunneling performance of a tunnel boring machine in difficult or unexpectedly rugged rock formations with fault zones, the method for position stabilization by a quasi-virtual extension of the shield tail of the tunnel boring machine and a device for exercising this new To provide a method by which the disadvantages described above are eliminated.
  • the inventive method intervenes, by means of one, on the blocks of the tunnel wall from the inside acting vacuum by vacuum, with the one Traction is transmitted, which is evenly distributed on the segments of a row of rings and exercised by tension elements.
  • This negative pressure acts on the inner surfaces of the tubbings by means of suitable vacuum plates, as long as the newly manufactured tunnel section is still unstable and forms an apparent extension of the shield tail, which accordingly has no wall thickness.
  • the inventive method for stabilizing the position of tunnel tunneling elements displaced to a tunnel tube via the tailpipe of the tunneling shield of a tunnel boring machine, subsequent track in which the backfilling and stabilization takes place uses a support structure releasably connectable to the tunneling elements on their inner surfaces to exert a tensile force.
  • This tensile force is directed substantially radially symmetrically in the tunnel tube and is exerted by tension elements.
  • the tunnel expansion elements of a ring are held in the predetermined position, until the stabilization of the respective ring, the detachable connection between the Tunnelausbauriin and the multi-member mounting structure, by negative pressure relative to the outer air pressure or by, acting on the reinforcement of the Tunnelausbauimplantation, magnetic field is, which allows the desired position freely.
  • the tensile force in the form of several tensile forces, is exerted as evenly distributed acting on the individual tunnel lining elements of the tunnel tube, the sizes of the tensile forces are respectively adapted to those areas in which the backfilling must be done to stabilize the tunnel tube and after stabilization of which the action of these tensile forces can be stopped.
  • Support structure (5) with the negative pressure of, on the support structure (5) mounted switchable suction plates / vacuum lifter (9) or magnetically switchable magnet, on the support structure (5) is generated, these in turn held by support members (6) and supported is, because it is the progressive expansion without delay by outs and internals possible.
  • the holding elements acting on the support structure consist of hydraulic cylinders, their operation with the hydraulic system which is always present on large machines is possible and their adjustment can be made quickly and very accurately.
  • the device for stabilizing position of the tunnel construction elements is mounted on an adjustable support structure, which is supported by the shield of the tunnel boring machine head or the front part of its tail or by a bridge between these parts.
  • a particularly space-saving self-propelled or intermittently Vietnamese arrangement is possible if the support structure is placed either on longitudinal rails in the dome, preferably sharing of existing rails, such as the carriage carriage near the ridge or the erector in the tail shield.
  • the most favorable working arrangement is obtained when the support structure, during the propulsion stroke of the tunnel boring drill head, against the moving sign or the caster, is movably supported and oriented exclusively to the already stable tunnel tube, to avoid movements of the tunnel components on the not yet stabilized segments are to be transmitted.
  • the support structure is equipped with sensors and proportional controls, with which deviations from the ideal shape and ideal position of the tunnel tube or changes in the preload forces can be automatically measured and, if necessary, corrected.
  • the support structure can also be equipped with extendable and preferably expandable, centering, in particular with separately operable inner counter-cone, for quick, accurate and easy positioning and to improve the safety, the slip resistance in sudden stresses occurring.
  • the support structure and the tubbing rings is thus given an additional form-fitting hold and about in the case of a strong Kavernenverbruches slipping of the support structure is prevented by shearing the suction plates or the magnets.
  • the support structure may comprise retaining elements made of ropes, chains or tension rods or redirecting the tensile forces can be done with a support structure with which the position of the direct force axes, in the center axis of the tunnel boring machine, together with their Rajaggegaten is bypassed.
  • a temporary treatment of the tunnel lining elements, in particular segments, with a highly viscous liquid can be made, with which they are sealed, which also closed an open-pore surface on the inner surface of the tunnel lining elements can be.
  • the shell of a tunnel tube which is fragile compared to the mountain massif, and in particular a ring from Tübbingen, can hardly collapse due to external forces as long as the circular cross-section is maintained, because the solidly reinforced concrete withstands enormous pressures. If, in the absence of pressure from the outside, the bulging of the tubbing ring, even punctiform, is made possible, then the stability in all directions decreases abruptly by polygonal or egg-shaped formation of the tunnel tube cross-section and it can not oppose any slight pressure from the inside or from the outside more resistance become.
  • Fig.1 the cross-section through a tunnel tube (1) is shown, which consists of tunnel construction elements (2) in the form of segments, which are assembled in a circular ring, with a bottom embedded in a bedding stone (3).
  • the segments are strung together with crowned end faces and close close to the already pre-filled previous ring of Tübbingen.
  • the reason for the insufficient filling is the schistige strong brittle nature of the mountains through which it comes to collapse collapses, while the material completely displaced the way for the backfill, thereby preventing the construction of a uniform external pressure on the tunnel tube 1.
  • Fig.2 shown, in which it is shown how the tunnel structure elements 2 buckle right due to lack of resistance to the outside and then up inwards, which can lead to destruction, if not, as in
  • Fig. 3 is shown, by installation a support structure 5, in the form of a steel frame, which is connected to the tubbing of tunnel construction elements 2 with a very large number of dowels 4 and with at least one holding element 6 for a ring of tubbing, as a tie rod or pull rope through Traction be held in the circular ring position.
  • a support structure 5 in the form of a steel frame, which is connected to the tubbing of tunnel construction elements 2 with a very large number of dowels 4 and with at least one holding element 6 for a ring of tubbing, as a tie rod or pull rope through Traction be held in the circular ring position.
  • the inventive support structure 5 now consists of several articulated parts, the suction plates 9 are positioned and held by holding elements 6, are fixed by vacuum on the inner surface 7 of the tubbings, with centering pins 14 are inserted into holes in the tubbings and thus the exact location of the suction plates. 9 Secure the support structure 5.
  • the tensile force for securing the position of the tunnel lining elements 5 is generated with the holding elements 6, which can exert a uniform and finely graded and rapidly adjustable force as a hydraulic cylinder. These also serve to collapse the support structure 5 when moving after stabilization of a section of the tunnel tube 1.
  • the support structure 5 extends over a large portion of the ring of the segments, wherein the bottom portion of both sides of the wedge stone 3 requires no support force, and is based on both sides of support brackets 11, which are bolted into the tubbing.
  • Fig. 5 shows the same arrangement of a support structure 5, which is not yet connected to the Tunnelausbauriin 2. This is supported by a frame 16 which is movable with wheels on a rail 15 and arranged in the ridge area of the tunnel tube 1, to have underneath space for the components of the tunnel boring machine and still be with their propulsion with movable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour stabiliser la position d'éléments de soutènement (2) d'un tunnel décalés par rapport à un tube (1) du tunnel sur le tronçon qui est adjacent à la queue (8) du bouclier de creusement d'un tunnelier et dans lequel le remblaiement (10) et la stabilisation sont effectués, une structure de maintien (5) étant reliée de façon libérable aux surfaces internes (7) des éléments de soutènement (2) du tunnel, laquelle structure est destinée à exercer une force de traction dirigée sensiblement en symétrie radiale dans le tube (1) du tunnel et maintenant les éléments de soutènement (2) du tunnel dans la position prédéterminée. Selon la présente invention, la liaison libérable entre les éléments de soutènement (2) du tunnel et la structure de maintien à éléments multiples (5) est établie sensiblement au moyen d'un vide par rapport à la pression atmosphérique extérieure ou au moyen d'un champ magnétique agissant sur l'armature des éléments de soutènement (2) du tunnel.

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de stabilisation de la position d'éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) décalés pour former un tube de tunnel (1) au niveau du tronçon poursuivant le train suiveur (8) du bouclier d'un tunnelier, où se produit le remblayage (10) et la stabilisation, dans lequel une construction de maintien (5), destinée à exercer une force de traction, est montée de manière amovible sur les surfaces intérieures (7) des éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), est réalisée sous la forme d'éléments de traction qui sont orientés substantiellement de manière symétrique et radiale dans le tube du tunnel (1) et qui maintiennent les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) dans la position prédéterminée, caractérisé par le fait que la liaison amovible entre les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) et la construction de maintien (5) composée de plusieurs maillons est établie essentiellement par une dépression, vis-à-vis de la pression atmosphérique extérieure ou par un champ magnétique s'exerçant sur l'armature des éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé par le fait que la force de traction destinée à stabiliser les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) est exercée par les forces de traction de plusieurs éléments de maintien (6) agissant sur la construction de maintien (5) scus la forme d'éléments de traction.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'au niveau du tronçon poursuivant le train suiveur et destiné à stabiliser les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), une force de traction, prenant la forme de plusieurs forces de traction, est exercée sur les différents éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) formant le tube du tunnel (1) avec une répartition régulière, l'amplitude des forces de traction étant adaptée aux différentes zones dans lesquelles a lieu le remblayage pour la stabilisation du tube du tunnel (1) et par le fait que, après la stabilisation, l'action de ces forces de traction prend fin.
  4. Dispositif destiné à mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, avec une construction de maintien (5), caractérisé en ce que l'assemblage amovible entre les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) et la construction de maintien (5) est maintenu et soutenu par la dépression des plaques d'aspiration/ventouses à dépression (9) asservies placées sur la construction de maintien (5) ou par le champ magnétique exercé par des aimanta asservis sur la construction de maintien (5).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de maintien (6) agissant sur la construction de maintien (5) sont des vérins hydrauliques.
  6. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) prend la forme d'un mécanisme de traction pour la stabilisation rapide en position d'éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), en particulier de tubages, à l'aida d'au moins un ou plusieurs ventouses à dépression, tapis à dépression, pieds d'aspiration ou bien, en cas de proportion ferromagnétique suffisante dans les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), par exemple tubages en fonte ou en construction mécano-soudée, à l'aide d'aimants asservis, grâce auxquels la stabilisation des éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), en particulier des tubages ou similaires, est réalisée par un maintien dans la position de consigne, pendant le remblayage et l'immobilisation par des ancrages et des injections.
  7. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5), pour la stabilisation en position des éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), prend la forme d'une pluralité de ventouses d'aspiration asservies sur une grande surface ou de plaques d'aspiration (9) mises sous vide en permanence qui sont adaptées aux dimensions des tubages, s'adaptent bien à leur contour et en conséquence assurent une bonne étanchéité.
  8. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5), pour la stabilisation en position des éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2), est portée par une construction porteuse réglable, prenant la forme d'un cadre (16) qui est porté par le bouclier de la tête de forage du tunnelier ou par la partie antérieure du train suiveur ou par une passerelle entre ces deux parties, afin d'éviter une sollicitation supplémentaire du tunnel.
  9. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) est configurée de manière automotrice ou déplaçable tronçon par tronçon, soit sur des rails longitudinaux (11) au niveau de la calotte, de préférence en utilisant également des rails existants, par exemple ceux du bouclier au niveau de la taille ou de l'érecteur au niveau de l'extrémité du train suiveur (8).
  10. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) eat montée mobile pendant la course d'avance du bouclier du tunnelier, par rapport au bouclier ou au train suiveur qui se déplace et s'oriente exclusivement sur le tube du tunnel (1) déjà stabilisé, afin de ne pas transférer des mouvements des éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) à des tubages qui ne sont pas encore stabilisés.
  11. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) est dotée d'éléments de maintien (6) actionnés, de préférence de manière hydraulique, qui jouent le rôle de moyen de positionnement ou d'actionneurs, grâce auxquels les forces de précontraintes surveillées sont adaptées de manière contrôlée à l'état du cuvelage et à la stabilisation du tube du tunnel (1) et qui permettent une adaptation rapide de la construction de maintien (5).
  12. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) est équipée de capteurs et de commandes proportionnelles permettant de détecter automatiquement les écarts entre le tube du tunnel (1) et sa forme ou sa position idéales, ou encore les écarts des forces de précontrainte, et si nécessaire de corriger par un déplacement des éléments de maintien (6) en cas de dépassement du seuil de tolérance.
  13. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) est dotée de tourillons de centrage (14) télescopiques et de préférence expansibles, en particulier avec des contre-cônes intérieurs actionnables individuellement, afin d'améliorer la sécurité du maintien et la sécurité contre le dérapage de la construction de maintien (5) dans le cas de sollicitation se produisant soudainement.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que les tourillons de centrage (14) et les consoles de la construction de maintien (5) destinées aux éléments de maintien (9) se situent au niveau de la sole et de la voûte du tube du tunnel (1) en dehors du gabarit du
    tunnelier, restent montés lors du passage de celui-ci et peuvent être prévus comme supports de la voie du train suiveur.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé par le fait que, afin d'améliorer la sécurité du maintien et la sécurité contre le dérapage de la construction de maintien (5), des chevilles de fixation (4) sont mises en place en plus sur les éléments de cuvelage de tunnel (2) dans des zones critiques de sollicitation pour les éléments de maintien (9) de la construction de maintien (5).
  16. Dispositif selon une des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé par le fait que la construction de maintien (5) comprend des éléments de maintien (9) faits de câbles, de chaînes ou de tiges de traction ou encore que le transfert des forces de traction, pour des raisons d'encombrement, s'opère à l'aide d'une constraction porteuse afin de contourner ainsi la position des axes des forces directes dans l'axe central du tunnelier et de ses groupes auxiliaires.
  17. Dispositif selon une des revendications 4 à 16, caractérisé par le fait que des éléments de maintien (9) de la construction de maintien (5), afin d'améliorer l'adhérence sur la surface intérieure (7) des éléments de cuvelage (2) en présence d'une dépression, sont étanchés à l'aide d'un liquide à viscosité élevée grâce au traitement temporaire des éléments de cuvelage du tunnel (9), en particulier des tubages,
EP07703077A 2006-01-26 2007-01-26 Procédé et dispositif permettant de stabiliser la position d'éléments de soutènement d'un tunnel Not-in-force EP2201217B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0005706U AT11365U1 (de) 2006-01-26 2006-01-26 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur lagestabilisierung von tunnelausbauelementen
PCT/EP2007/000699 WO2007085479A1 (fr) 2006-01-26 2007-01-26 Procédé et dispositif permettant de stabiliser la position d'éléments de soutènement d'un tunnel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2201217A1 EP2201217A1 (fr) 2010-06-30
EP2201217B1 true EP2201217B1 (fr) 2011-10-19

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EP07703077A Not-in-force EP2201217B1 (fr) 2006-01-26 2007-01-26 Procédé et dispositif permettant de stabiliser la position d'éléments de soutènement d'un tunnel

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2201217B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT11365U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007085479A1 (fr)

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CN105545315A (zh) * 2015-12-29 2016-05-04 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 盾构法隧道施工中加固开挖面土层的常压换刀方法
CN107143349A (zh) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-08 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 盾构管片封顶块拼装装置及施作方法

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ITUA20161939A1 (it) * 2016-03-23 2017-09-23 Cp Tech S R L Apparato per il posizionamento di una centina di sostegno e consolidamento di uno scavo
CN106884667A (zh) * 2017-04-07 2017-06-23 天津轨道交通集团有限公司 一种用于盾构隧道事故抢险的管片临时支撑装置
CN111794779B (zh) * 2020-07-10 2022-07-12 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 一种用于隧道盾构管片支撑的装配式台车及其使用方法
CN112360500B (zh) * 2020-09-28 2023-03-07 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 负压抽浆方法、支护方法及支护系统
CN113107556A (zh) * 2021-04-13 2021-07-13 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 一种基于npr锚索的隧道支护的施工方法
CN117027878A (zh) * 2023-08-24 2023-11-10 华东交通大学 一种用于盾构隧道加固的预应力支撑钢环

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105545315A (zh) * 2015-12-29 2016-05-04 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 盾构法隧道施工中加固开挖面土层的常压换刀方法
CN107143349A (zh) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-08 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 盾构管片封顶块拼装装置及施作方法
WO2018223730A1 (fr) * 2017-06-06 2018-12-13 中铁十九局集团有限公司 Appareil d'assemblage de bloc de recouvrement de segment à bouclier et procédé de construction
CN107143349B (zh) * 2017-06-06 2020-01-17 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 盾构管片封顶块拼装装置及施作方法

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WO2007085479A1 (fr) 2007-08-02
EP2201217A1 (fr) 2010-06-30
AT11365U1 (de) 2010-09-15
ATE529609T1 (de) 2011-11-15

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