EP2220260A1 - Acier inoxydable ferritique à faible taux de chrome ayant une résistance à la corrosion et une extensibilité élevées et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Acier inoxydable ferritique à faible taux de chrome ayant une résistance à la corrosion et une extensibilité élevées et son procédé de fabricationInfo
- Publication number
- EP2220260A1 EP2220260A1 EP08852156A EP08852156A EP2220260A1 EP 2220260 A1 EP2220260 A1 EP 2220260A1 EP 08852156 A EP08852156 A EP 08852156A EP 08852156 A EP08852156 A EP 08852156A EP 2220260 A1 EP2220260 A1 EP 2220260A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- less
- corrosion resistance
- stainless steel
- ferritic stainless
- stretchability
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a low chrome ferritic stainless steel with a high corrosion resistance and stretchability and a method of manufacturing the same, and more specifically to a low chrome ferritic stainless steel with a high corrosion resistance and stretchability and a method of manufacturing the same used in various pipes and a muffler of a cold zone of an automobile exhaust system requiring a high corrosion resistance and a high formability.
- Background Art
- DBTT Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature
- a low chrome ferritic stainless steel with a high corrosion resistance and stretchability is composed of C of 0.03wt% or less, Si of 0.5wt% or less, Mn of 0.5wt% or less, P of 0.035wt% or less, S of 0.01wt% or less, Cr of 14 to 16wt%, Mo of 0.2wt% or less, N of 0.030wt% or less, Cu of 0.5wt% or less, Al of 0.05 wt% or less, Ni of 0.2wt% or less, C+N of 0.040wt% or less, Ti of 0.5wt% or less, remaining Fe, and inevitably added impurities, being controlled in EL value defined by Equation 1 below to be 33 or more and a P.I. value defined by Equation 2 below to be in a range of 14 to 16.
- the low chrome ferritic stainless steel with the high corrosion resistance and stretchability can contain at lease any one component selected from a group consisting of Ca of 0.005 wt% or less, Mg of 0.005 wt% or less, and Zr of 0.01wt% or less.
- the ratio of Ti/(C+N) preferably is in a range of 15 to
- a method of manufacturing a low chrome ferritic stainless steel with a high corrosion resistance and stretchability comprises: hot rolling a slab of the ferritic stainless steel composed as described above at a heating temperature of 1230 to 1280°C and a finishing rolling temperature of 740 to 850°C; hot annealing the slab at 900 to 1000°C; cold annealing the slab at 900 to 1000°C to have a cold reduction ratio 50% or more; and adjusting the slab to have a particle size of a range of 6.0 to 7.0 in ASTM crystal particle size number.
- Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature by adjusting the addition amounts of Ca, Mg, and Zr, and to reduce fabrication cost by reducing the addition amounts of Cr and Mo, which are expensive materials, using the EL equation (Equation 1) and the P.I. equation (Equation 2), which are equations calculating an elongation and a fitting index, in order to control the heating temperature, the finishing rolling temperature, and the hot and cold annealing conditions of the slab.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a change of elongation according to a change of ASTM crystal particle size number after cold annealing in a 15Cr-Ti steel (specimen No. 1).
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a change of elongation according to the ratio of Ti/(C+N) in the 15Cr-Ti steel.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a change of Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT) according to a change of addition amounts of Ca, Mg, and Zr in the 15Cr-Ti steel.
- DBTT Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature
- a low chrome ferritic stainless steel having reduced Cr and Mo contents and at the same time, having a high corrosion resistance, stretchability, and pipe expanding properties at a low temperature is composed of C of 0.03wt% or less, Si of 0.5wt% or less, Mn of 0.5wt% or less, P of 0.035wt% or less, S of 0.01wt% or less, Cr of 14 to 16wt%, Mo of 0.2wt% or less, N of 0.030wt% or less, Cu of 0.5wt% or less, Al of 0.05 wt% or less, Ni of 0.4wt% or less, C+N of 0.040wt% or less, Ti of 0.05 wt% or less, remaining Fe and inevitably added impurities, on condition that an EL value defined by Equation 1 below is controlled to be 33 or more and a P.I. value defined by Equation2 below is controlled to be in a range of 14 to 16.
- a cheap low chrome ferritic stainless steel containing component composition as described above and at least any one component selected from a group consisting of Ca of 0.005 wt% or less, Mg of 0.005 wt% or less, and Zr of 0.01wt% or less as other alloy composition and satisfying that the ratio of Ti/(C+N) is in a range of 15 to 20 is prepared.
- a slab of such a steel is hot rolled at a heating temperature of 1230 to 1280°C and a finishing rolling temperature of 740 to 850°C, it is hot-annealed at 900 to 1000°C.
- the particle size of a material is adjusted to be a range of 6.0 to 7.0 in ASTM crystal particle size number.
- C and N which are Ti(C, N) carbonitride forming elements, exist in an interstitial form.
- contents of C and N become high, solid C and N not formed into a Ti(C, N) carbonitride deteriorate the elongation and the stretchability of a material. Accordingly, the content of C is limited to be 0.03% or less, and the content of N also is limited to be 0.03% or less.
- the content of C+N becomes high, a high content of Ti is added so that steelmaking inclusions increase, thereby causing many surface defects such as scab.
- the content of C+N is limited to be 0.04% or less.
- Si is a ferritic phase forming element.
- content of Si increases, stability of a ferritic phase becomes high and oxidation resistance is improved.
- Si of 0.5% or more is added, steelmaking Si inclusions increase so that the surface defect is easy to occur.
- Si raises hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength but deteriorates the elongation, it is disadvantageous in formability. Therefore, the content of Si is limited to be 0.5% or less.
- Ni is a gamma phase forming element.
- a gamma phase increases.
- the addition amount of Ni is limited to be 0.2% or less.
- P and S form inclusions such as MnS, etc., to deteriorate the corrosion resistance and hot rolling formability. Therefore, contents of them are preferably managed as low as possible: the content of P is limited to be 0.035% or less and the content of S is limited to be 0.01% or less.
- Al is an element added as a deoxidizer. When a large amount of Al is added, the surface defect occurs. Therefore, content of Al is limited to be 0.05% or less.
- Cu is a gamma phase forming element like Ni.
- the gamma phase increases.
- content of Cu is limited to be 0.5% or less.
- the ratio of Ti/(C+N) when the ratio of Ti/(C+N) becomes too low, the in- tergranular corrosion occurs at a welded portion after welding. On the contrary, when it becomes too high, the content of the solid Ti is raised so that the formability such as the elongation, etc., is deteriorated. Therefore, the ratio of Ti/(C+N) is limited to be in a range of 15 to 20.
- the heating temperature of the slab is limited to be in a range of 1230 to 1280°C.
- finishing rolling temperature at the time of hot rolling becomes low, variation accumulation energy during the hot rolling becomes high to help the recrystallization at the time of annealing. Accordingly, a low finishing rolling temperature is ad- vantageous for elongation improvement. However, when the finishing rolling temperature becomes too low, sticking surface defect occur due to adhesion of a rolling roll and a material. Therefore, the finishing rolling temperature is limited to be in a range of 740 to 850°C.
- the cold reduction ratio of the material becomes too low, it is difficult to remove the surface defect and to secure the surface properties. On the contrary, when it becomes high, it is advantageous for improvement of formability. Therefore, the cold reduction ratio is limited to be 50% or more at the time of material manufacturing.
- An ingot with a thickness of 120mm was manufactured by melting the ferritic stainless steel composed as in Table 1 below in a vacuum melting equipment of 50Kg.
- the ingot manufactured as described above was heated at 1250°C, and hot rolled at a finishing rolling temperature of 800°C to manufacture a hot rolled steel with a thickness of 3.0mm. Then, it was hot annealed at 960°C and then acid-cleaned, to be cool rolled into a thickness of 1.5mmt and 0.6mmt. Thereafter, it was cool annealed at 960°C and then acid cleaned. A tension test and an Erichsen test were performed and crystal particle size of the cool annealed steel was measured using an image analyzer.
- the Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature was measured by processing the cool annealed steel (a steel to which Cr, Zr, Mg are added and a steel to which they are not added) with a thickness of 1.5mm to V notch impact specimen with server size and measuring impact test temperature in intervals of 10°C in a range of +20 to -70°C.
- Table 1 and Table 2 indicate the chemical component by specimen, the EL and P.I. calculation values, the corrosion resistance (nominal potential), and the stretchability (Erichsen value), etc.
- the contents of Cr and Mo were adjusted so that the P.I. value is in a range of 14 to 16 using Equation 2, which is an equation calculating the P.I. value, and product properties of the middle degree of the conventional steel (409: No.13, 439 steel: Mo.14) have been indicated.
- the contents of C, N, Cr, Mo, and Ti/(C+N) were adjusted so that the EL value is 33 or more using Equation 1, which is an equation calculating the EL value.
- the corrosion resistance is excellent, measured elongation is high as much as 34% or more, and Erichson value indicating the stretchability also is high as much as 9.3mm or more. Also, it is appreciated that in the inventive steel having the ratio of Ti(C+N) adjusted in the range of 15 to 20, the intergranular corrosion at the welded portion does not occur as compared to the comparative example out of this range.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a change in the elongation according to a change in ASTM crystal particle size of the annealed steel after cold annealing in 15Cr-Ti (specimen No. 1) steel. It is appreciated from FIG. 1 that the elongation is the most excellent in the ASTM crystal particle size number within the range of 6.0 to 7.0 at the time of the cool annealing.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a change of the elongation after the cool annealing according to the ratio of Ti/(C+N) in the 15Cr-Ti added steel, wherein as the ratio of Ti(C+N) is low, the elongation is excellent.
- the ratio of Ti/(C+N) become less than 15, the intergranular corrosion at the welded portion occurs as in a result of Table 1, and when the ratio of Ti/(C+N) exceeds 20, the elongation is deteriorated. Therefore, it is required to add Ti while adjusting the ratio of Ti/(C+N) in the range of 15 to 20 in consideration of the intergranular corrosion at the welded portion and the elongation.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a change of the Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature
- DBTT Ductile-Brittle Transition Temperature
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020070119529A KR20090052954A (ko) | 2007-11-22 | 2007-11-22 | 내식성 및 장출성형성이 우수한 저크롬 페라이트계스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 |
| PCT/KR2008/005744 WO2009066868A1 (fr) | 2007-11-22 | 2008-09-30 | Acier inoxydable ferritique à faible taux de chrome ayant une résistance à la corrosion et une extensibilité élevées et son procédé de fabrication |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2220260A1 true EP2220260A1 (fr) | 2010-08-25 |
| EP2220260A4 EP2220260A4 (fr) | 2011-05-04 |
Family
ID=40667673
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08852156A Withdrawn EP2220260A4 (fr) | 2007-11-22 | 2008-09-30 | Acier inoxydable ferritique à faible taux de chrome ayant une résistance à la corrosion et une extensibilité élevées et son procédé de fabrication |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2220260A4 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20090052954A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101874126A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009066868A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5152387B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-14 | 2013-02-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 耐熱性と加工性に優れるフェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| CN102690994B (zh) * | 2011-03-25 | 2014-08-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种中铬铁素体不锈钢及其制造方法 |
| CN102690997A (zh) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-09-26 | Posco公司 | 具有优良的高温强度的铁素体不锈钢及其制造方法 |
| JP6593111B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-10-23 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Zr含有鍛造用鋼材 |
| CN107552567A (zh) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-09 | 苏州钢特威钢管有限公司 | 1Cr17铁素体不锈钢管的制备方法 |
| CN107873871A (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-06 | 苏州市西山宏运材料用品厂 | 一种抗腐蚀炒茶锅 |
| JP2024057167A (ja) * | 2022-10-12 | 2024-04-24 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | フェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| CN117107166B (zh) * | 2023-07-20 | 2025-07-25 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种低成本铁素体不锈钢及其制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51149116A (en) * | 1975-06-18 | 1976-12-21 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Process for producing ferritics tainless steelplates without ridging |
| JPS5861258A (ja) * | 1981-10-08 | 1983-04-12 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 張り出し性および二次加工性に優れたフエライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| DE3672280D1 (de) * | 1985-02-19 | 1990-08-02 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Sehr weicher rostfreier stahl. |
| JP2589373B2 (ja) * | 1989-05-15 | 1997-03-12 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 高温水中における耐溶出性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| CA2123470C (fr) * | 1993-05-19 | 2001-07-03 | Yoshihiro Yazawa | Acier ferritique inoxydable possedant une excellente resistance a la corrosion atmospherique et a celle des fissures |
| JPH07150244A (ja) * | 1993-11-25 | 1995-06-13 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 冷間加工用フェライトステンレス鋼の製造方法 |
| JP4065579B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-26 | 2008-03-26 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 面内異方性が小さく耐リジング性に優れるフェライト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| JP3276303B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-14 | 2002-04-22 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 初期発銹の起こりにくい耐銹性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| KR100467719B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-08 | 2005-01-24 | 주식회사 포스코 | 리징 저항성 및 스피닝 가공성이 우수한 페라이트계스테인리스강 및 그 제조 방법 |
| EP1225242B1 (fr) * | 2001-01-18 | 2004-04-07 | JFE Steel Corporation | Tôle d'acier ferritique inoxydable ayant une formabilité excellente et son procédé de fabrication |
| CN100357471C (zh) * | 2002-03-27 | 2007-12-26 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | 铁素体不锈钢铸件和钢板及它们的制备方法 |
| JP2003342694A (ja) * | 2002-05-23 | 2003-12-03 | Jfe Steel Kk | スピニング加工性に優れた排気系膨径部材用のフェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| US7494551B2 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2009-02-24 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Ferritic stainless steel plate with Ti and method for production thereof |
| JP3999141B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2007-10-31 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | エンジン排ガス経路下流部材 |
| JP2004323907A (ja) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | 耐初期錆び性に優れた自動車排気系部材用フェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
| KR20040110644A (ko) * | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-31 | 주식회사 포스코 | 연신율이 우수한 페라이트계 스테인레스강 및 그 제조방법 |
| JP4451324B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-29 | 2010-04-14 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 密着性に優れた黒色スケールを生成する燃焼機器用フェライト系ステンレス鋼 |
-
2007
- 2007-11-22 KR KR1020070119529A patent/KR20090052954A/ko not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-09-30 EP EP08852156A patent/EP2220260A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-09-30 WO PCT/KR2008/005744 patent/WO2009066868A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2008-09-30 CN CN200880117387A patent/CN101874126A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20090052954A (ko) | 2009-05-27 |
| EP2220260A4 (fr) | 2011-05-04 |
| WO2009066868A1 (fr) | 2009-05-28 |
| CN101874126A (zh) | 2010-10-27 |
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