EP2242599A1 - Alliage de fonte pour culasses - Google Patents

Alliage de fonte pour culasses

Info

Publication number
EP2242599A1
EP2242599A1 EP10704896A EP10704896A EP2242599A1 EP 2242599 A1 EP2242599 A1 EP 2242599A1 EP 10704896 A EP10704896 A EP 10704896A EP 10704896 A EP10704896 A EP 10704896A EP 2242599 A1 EP2242599 A1 EP 2242599A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
cast iron
iron alloy
cylinder head
alloy according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10704896A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2242599B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Müller
Ulf Schmidtgen
Falk SCHÖNFELD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Truck and Bus SE
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Truck and Bus SE, MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG filed Critical MAN Truck and Bus SE
Publication of EP2242599A1 publication Critical patent/EP2242599A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2242599B1 publication Critical patent/EP2242599B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/048—Heat transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cast iron alloy with lamellar graphite and a cast cylinder head.
  • a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine is known, for example, from DE-A-100 12 918. This describes a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine, which is cast from alloyed cast iron with lamellar graphite and as additives 3.30 wt .-% to 3.60 wt .-% carbon, 1.73 wt .-% to 1.92 wt.
  • cylinder heads of alloyed gray cast iron are known, for example from the MAN works standard M 3422, April 2000, which contains 3.30% by weight to 3.55% by weight of carbon, 1.80% by weight to 2.30 as additives %
  • silicon 0.55% by weight to 0.80% by weight of manganese, maximum of 0.20% by weight of phosphorus, maximum of 0.13% by weight of sulfur, 0.10% by weight to 0.15% by weight of chromium, 0.10% by weight to 0.20% by weight of molybdenum, 0.08% by weight to 0.12% by weight of tin and a maximum of 0.15% by weight.
  • the invention therefore an object of the invention to form the above-mentioned alloys or cylinder heads so that the disadvantages described are largely excluded.
  • a lamellar graphite cast iron alloy characterized in that the cast iron has as additives 2.80% by weight - 3.60% by weight of carbon (C), 1.00% by weight - 1 , 70% by weight of silicon (Si), 0.10% by weight - 1.20% by weight of manganese (Mn), 0.03% by weight - 0.15% by weight of sulfur (S) , 0.05 wt .-% - 0.30 wt .-% chromium (Cr), 0.05 wt .-% - 0.30 wt .-% molybdenum (Mo), 0.05 wt .-% - 0 , 20 wt .-% tin (Sn) and common impurities.
  • C carbon
  • Si silicon
  • Mn manganese
  • S sulfur
  • S sulfur
  • Cr 0.05 wt .-% - 0.30 wt .-% chromium
  • Mo 0.05 wt .-% -
  • the alloy according to the invention or the cylinder head according to the invention has a comparison with the prior art improved thermal conductivity and improved tensile strength, in particular strength in the valve web.
  • improved thermal conductivity and improved tensile strength in particular strength in the valve web.
  • the occurrence of thermal fatigue cracks is reduced or their course is stopped or even prevented.
  • successes in the range of low temperatures, in particular at temperatures of about 100 to about 400 0 C are achieved.
  • the use of the alloy according to the invention leads to cracks which arise in the high temperature range, can not continue in the low temperature range, ie remain standing. The life of the alloy according to the invention or the cylinder head according to the invention is thus increased.
  • the alloy according to the invention or the cylinder head according to the invention is less expensive than alloys or cylinder heads known from the prior art.
  • the matrix of the structure of the cast iron alloy according to the invention or of the cylinder head according to the invention consists of perlite with not more than about 5%, in particular not more than about 3%, of ferrite. Ferrite is here called a structure and not as a phase as in perlite.
  • the% figures refer to the% proportion in the flat section.
  • the lamellar graphite is in Form I, with more than 80%, preferably more than 90 .-% in arrangement A, and in size 3 or finer before (EN ISO 945: 1994-09).
  • the special structure has the advantage that the desired properties, ie retention of the mechanical properties and increase of the thermal conductivity, are further improved.
  • Lamellar graphite in Form I, in Distribution A and Size 2 is only permissible in areas of low load due to lack of vaccination.
  • the lamellar graphite may also be present in small proportions of the distribution B, C, D and / or E.
  • the distribution D + E up to 100% is permissible due to the influence of the molding material.
  • the preferred structural properties are particularly important in the thermomechanically heavily loaded areas with thermal cycling and thermal stress of 20 - 480 ° and permanently 300 - 450 0 C of the cast iron alloy according to the invention or the cylinder head according to the invention is of importance. In other places, these are rather subordinate.
  • a heat treatment by selective cooling or annealing is optionally possible to reduce the residual stress, but does not affect the metallographic structure of the structure.
  • the desired properties are in particular due to the combination of the specified additives and their amounts, i. These interact synergistically.
  • Carbon is added in an amount of from 2.80% to 3.60% by weight, preferably from 3.20% to 3.50% by weight, and more preferably from 3.30% to 3% , 50 wt .-% used. Too low a carbon content leads to the formation of micro-shrinkage, while a too high carbon content has the disadvantage that the alloy has too low a strength.
  • Silicon is added in an amount of 1.00% to 1.70% by weight, preferably in an amount of 1.20% to 1.60% by weight, and more preferably in an amount of 1 , 30 wt .-% to 1.50 wt .-% used. Too low a silicon content leads to white radiation, while a too high silicon content has the disadvantage that the thermal conductivity drops sharply.
  • Manganese is used in an amount of 0.10 wt% to 1.20 wt%, preferably in an amount of 0.30 wt% to 0.80 wt%, and more preferably in an amount from 0.50 wt .-% to 0.60 wt .-% used.
  • Manganese is needed to bind off the sulfur, because it should be present in the alloy according to the invention no pure sulfur but only manganese sulfide. Excessive manganese content leads to white radiation.
  • Sulfur is used in an amount of from 0.03% to 0.15% by weight, preferably in an amount of from 0.05% to 0.14% by weight, and more preferably in an amount of zero , 08 wt .-% to 0.12 wt .-% used.
  • Sulfur in the compound of MnS is needed to ensure good workability. Too little sulfur causes the alloy according to the invention to be difficult to work. Excessive sulfur content leads to structure defects.
  • Chromium is used in an amount of from 0.05% to 0.30% by weight, preferably in an amount of from 0.08% to 0.20% by weight, and more preferably in an amount of zero , 08% by weight to 0.15 wt .-% used. Chromium has the task of stabilizing the perlite at temperatures> 550 ° C. Too high a chromium content leads to white radiation.
  • Molybdenum is used in an amount of from 0.05% to 0.30% by weight, preferably in an amount of from 0.10% to 0.25% by weight, and more preferably in an amount of zero , 10 wt .-% to 0.20 wt .-% used. Molybdenum ensures the heat resistance, in the cylinder head application preferably in the range of 300 0 C to 400 0 C. Too high a molybdenum content increases the alloying costs and leads to Lunkerne Trent.
  • Tin is added in an amount of from 0.05% to 0.20% by weight, preferably in an amount of from 0.05% to 0.15% by weight, and more preferably in an amount of zero , 08 wt% to 0.12 wt .-% used. Tin serves to suppress ferrite formation. Excessive tin content leads to embrittlement. Most preferably, tin is present in an amount of 0.08-0.12 wt%.
  • the cast iron alloy according to the invention or the cylinder head according to the invention may contain conventional impurities.
  • suitable impurities are nickel, copper, titanium, vanadium, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus.
  • impurity includes inoculants unless one or more of the elements of the inoculant are necessary to represent the alloying properties.
  • the amount of nickel is up to 1 wt .-%, more preferably up to 0.30 wt .-%, most preferably ⁇ 0.1%.
  • Copper is preferably present in an amount up to 1% by weight, more preferably up to 0.30% by weight. Most preferably ⁇ 0.30 wt .-%. Too much copper leads to elimination problems and is expensive. In a preferred embodiment, the use of copper is not necessary or contains the alloy according to the invention only coming from the scrap copper. Titanium is preferably in an amount of max. 0.020 wt .-%, more preferably up to max. 0.010 wt .-%, before. Too high a titanium content degrades the machinability of the cast iron alloy.
  • Vanadium is preferably present in an amount of up to 0.2% by weight, more preferably up to 0.1% by weight. Very particularly preferably ⁇ 0.10% by weight. If the vanadium content is too high, the toughness and the thermal conductivity decrease.
  • Niobium is preferably in an amount of up to 0.2 wt .-%, more preferably up to 0.1. Wt .-%, before. Very particularly preferably ⁇ 0.10% by weight. An excessively high niobium content increases the costs if deliberately added and leads to a deterioration in the thermal conductivity.
  • Nitrogen is preferably present in an amount of up to 0.03 wt.%, More preferably up to 0.0080 wt.%. Too high a free nitrogen content has the disadvantage that porosities may be present in the casting.
  • Phosphorus is preferably present in an amount of up to 0.15% by weight, more preferably in an amount of up to 0.06% by weight. Excessive phosphorus content leads to a decrease in toughness.
  • the alloy is preferably seeded with barium, zirconium or rare earth metals. These are used in amounts of from 0.0005% by weight to 0.0500% by weight, preferably in amounts of from 0.0010% by weight to 0.00125% by weight. Barium is particularly preferred, since this causes a gray solidification as graphite nucleating agent. Barium is therefore particularly preferably suitable because it compensates for the small amount of silicon as a promoter of stable solidification. Barium is used in the amounts mentioned above.
  • the cast iron alloy according to the invention or the cylinder head according to the invention fulfill the required mechanical properties, such as, for example, toughness and hardness.
  • thermal conductivity measurements have shown that the erf ⁇ ndungssiee cast iron alloy or erf ⁇ ndungssiee cylinder head straight at temperatures ranging from about 100 to about 400 0 C have unexpectedly high thermal conductivity values.
  • the erf ⁇ ndungssiee cast iron alloy or the erf ⁇ ndungshacke cylinder Kopf a thermal conductivity of 47 W / mk in the range of 200 0 C and corresponds in temperature ranges of greater than 400 ° about the known cast iron alloys or cylinder heads.
  • the tensile strength is also improved or at least equivalent to known alloys.
  • the invention also relates to a cylinder head.
  • this is a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.
  • the cylinder head is designed as a row cylinder head for a single or multi-cylinder, in particular self-igniting, internal combustion engine in rows or V-type.
  • the optimization of the thermal conductivity while retaining all other required mechanical properties is particularly important for components with water cooling to bear, since here in the contact zone to the water flow temperatures of about 100 0 C to about 350 0 C, in particular up to about 250 0 C, are present, and increased thermal conductivity reduces the component temperature in this area more.
  • the matrix of the microstructure in Examples 1 and 2 consists of perlite with about 5% ferrite.
  • the lamellar graphite is present in Examples 1 and 2 in Form I, Arrangement A and Size 3 and finer. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the lamellar graphite is in Form I, Arrangement A and Size 3-5.
  • Example 1 The values for the tensile strength (according to DIN EN 10 002) with tensile test according to DIN EN 1561, the hardness Brinell (according to DIN EN ISO 6506) of Example 1 correspond to those of Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
  • the cast iron alloy of Example 1 according to the invention in terms of tensile strength and hardness corresponds to the cast iron alloys according to Comparative Examples 3 and 4, but that the cast iron alloy according to the invention is clearly superior in heat conductivity to Comparative Examples 3 and 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un alliage de fonte à graphite lamellaire, comprenant comme additifs 2,80 % en masse à 3,60 % en masse de carbone (C), 1,00 % en masse à 1,70 % en masse de silicium (Si), 0,10 % en masse à 1,20 % en masse de manganèse (Mn), 0,03 % en masse à 0,15 % en masse de soufre (S), 0,05 % en masse à 0,30 % en masse de chrome (Cr), 0,05 % en masse à 0,30 % en masse de molybdène (Mo), 0,05 % en masse à 0,20 % en masse d'étain (Sn) et les impuretés habituelles. L'invention concerne en outre une culasse obtenue à partir de cet alliage.
EP10704896.9A 2009-01-09 2010-01-11 Alliage de fonte pour culasses Active EP2242599B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910004189 DE102009004189B4 (de) 2009-01-09 2009-01-09 Bauteil aus einer Gusseisenlegierung, insbesondere für Zylinderköpfe
PCT/EP2010/000089 WO2010079146A1 (fr) 2009-01-09 2010-01-11 Alliage de fonte pour culasses

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2242599A1 true EP2242599A1 (fr) 2010-10-27
EP2242599B1 EP2242599B1 (fr) 2014-12-03

Family

ID=42101626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10704896.9A Active EP2242599B1 (fr) 2009-01-09 2010-01-11 Alliage de fonte pour culasses

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9132478B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2242599B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102015158B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI1002808B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009004189B4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2491363C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010079146A1 (fr)

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RU2488641C1 (ru) * 2012-07-17 2013-07-27 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2488640C1 (ru) * 2012-07-17 2013-07-27 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
CN103667861B (zh) * 2012-08-30 2016-10-05 日本活塞环株式会社 气缸套
RU2491364C1 (ru) * 2012-09-03 2013-08-27 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2499074C1 (ru) * 2012-11-06 2013-11-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
CN103225038B (zh) * 2013-04-11 2015-12-23 芜湖乐锐思信息咨询有限公司 一种含铜量少的高碳当量高合金灰铸铁
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KR102148756B1 (ko) * 2014-03-12 2020-08-27 두산인프라코어 주식회사 내열 구상흑연주철, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 포함하는 엔진 배기계
CN104357734A (zh) * 2014-09-19 2015-02-18 上海材料研究所 一种高强度灰铸铁减摩材料
CN104313456A (zh) * 2014-10-20 2015-01-28 熊荣鑫 一种抗疲劳铁合金
RU2602312C1 (ru) * 2015-05-27 2016-11-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный университет путей сообщения" (МИИТ) Серый антифрикционный чугун
CN105714184A (zh) * 2016-04-12 2016-06-29 陈雪琴 一种高强度高韧性的球墨铸铁材料及其制备方法
CN105908064A (zh) * 2016-05-05 2016-08-31 太仓小小精密模具有限公司 一种耐高温模具材料
CN107779736B (zh) * 2016-08-30 2019-11-12 中国石油天然气集团公司 一种合金铸铁及其制备方法和应用
BR112017008486B1 (pt) * 2016-09-05 2021-06-15 Tpr Co., Ltd. Elemento cilíndrico feito de ferro fundido de grafite em floco
BR102016021139B1 (pt) 2016-09-13 2021-11-30 Tupy S.A. Liga de ferro fundido vermicular e cabeçote de motor a combustão interna
RU2629404C1 (ru) * 2016-12-13 2017-08-29 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2629405C1 (ru) * 2016-12-13 2017-08-29 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2629407C1 (ru) * 2016-12-13 2017-08-29 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2637031C1 (ru) * 2017-02-27 2017-11-29 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2636291C1 (ru) * 2017-03-06 2017-11-21 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2635031C1 (ru) * 2017-03-06 2017-11-08 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2642223C1 (ru) * 2017-04-27 2018-01-24 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
US11578390B2 (en) 2018-02-26 2023-02-14 Tupy S. A. Gray cast iron alloy, and internal combustion engine head
CN110343945B (zh) * 2019-08-24 2020-12-18 浙江瓯赛汽车部件铸造有限公司 一种覆膜砂壳型铸造工艺
CN110512137A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2019-11-29 江苏康达顺精密汽车附件制造有限公司 一种用于液压件生产的合成铸铁及其制备方法
RU2720271C1 (ru) * 2019-11-28 2020-04-28 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ярославский государственный технический университет" ФГБОУВО "ЯГТУ" Высокопрочный легированный антифрикционный чугун
CN113930663B (zh) * 2020-07-14 2022-12-02 定州市天泰汽车零部件有限公司 一种具有高热导率和高强度的灰铸铁
US11879168B2 (en) * 2021-08-31 2024-01-23 GM Global Technology Operations LLC High-modulus, high-strength, low alloy gray cast iron for cylinder liners and automotive applications
EP4444486A4 (fr) 2021-11-08 2025-10-15 Tupy S A Moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce de coulée de moteur de véhicule à partir d'un alliage de fonte vermiculaire, procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de coulée de moteur de véhicule à partir d'un alliage de fonte vermiculaire, et procédé d'assemblage d'un moteur de véhicule par la combinaison de pièces réalisées à partir d'un alliage de fonte vermiculaire et de pièces fabriquées à partir de composites
JP7766565B2 (ja) * 2022-08-01 2025-11-10 芝浦機械株式会社 片状黒鉛鋳鉄製品及びその製造方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009004189B4 (de) 2013-07-25
DE102009004189A1 (de) 2010-07-22
EP2242599B1 (fr) 2014-12-03
RU2010142184A (ru) 2012-04-20
US20110132314A1 (en) 2011-06-09
WO2010079146A1 (fr) 2010-07-15
BRPI1002808B1 (pt) 2020-12-22
RU2491363C2 (ru) 2013-08-27
US9132478B2 (en) 2015-09-15
CN102015158A (zh) 2011-04-13
BRPI1002808A2 (pt) 2016-02-23
CN102015158B (zh) 2016-06-08

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