EP2247948A1 - Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores

Info

Publication number
EP2247948A1
EP2247948A1 EP09714146A EP09714146A EP2247948A1 EP 2247948 A1 EP2247948 A1 EP 2247948A1 EP 09714146 A EP09714146 A EP 09714146A EP 09714146 A EP09714146 A EP 09714146A EP 2247948 A1 EP2247948 A1 EP 2247948A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carriage
rail
ultrasonic waves
test head
test
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09714146A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Clossen-Von Lanken Schulz
Stefan Obermayr
Michael Opheys
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP09714146A priority Critical patent/EP2247948A1/fr
Publication of EP2247948A1 publication Critical patent/EP2247948A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/225—Supports, positioning or alignment in moving situation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/263—Surfaces
    • G01N2291/2638—Complex surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
    • G01N2291/2693—Rotor or turbine parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for nondestructive material testing of an at least partially massive test object by applying the test object with ultrasonic waves and detecting the reflected within the test object ultrasonic waves according to claim 1.
  • Non-destructive testing methods are required to obtain information about the internal, non-visible structure. This is particularly necessary for mechanically stressed components.
  • steel components are forged after casting for subsequent finalization by turning or other cold treatments.
  • the examination for internal material defects can already take place after forging.
  • the component to be tested may be, for example, a turbine blade for a gas or steam turbine.
  • the turbine blade feet are exposed to high loads during operation.
  • the volume accessible to ultrasound can be fully examined.
  • the captured data can be used to generate an image that can be used for assessment.
  • moldings made for example of cast resin.
  • the moldings can be applied accurately to the surface to be scanned.
  • recesses in which an ultrasonic probe is used.
  • the ultrasonic testing head is manually offset by discrete distances. However, this is very expensive.
  • Ultraschallprüfköpf on a carriage which is attached via a holding device to an adjacent test object.
  • the holding device is movable by means of motors on the surface to be scanned.
  • the test head is pressed by springs against the surface of the test object.
  • An optimal alignment of the probe is not possible. It is an object of the invention to provide a device for non-destructive testing of an at least partially massive test object of the type mentioned above, in which the possibilities for positioning the probe are improved and the metrological effort is reduced.
  • the device mentioned at the beginning has the following components:
  • test head for transmitting the ultrasonic waves and for detecting the ultrasonic waves reflected by the test object
  • the carriage is movable along the rail.
  • the test head is movably disposed relative to the carriage, causing at least one more degree of freedom of movement of the test head.
  • the essence of the invention is that the carriage is movable along a rail, wherein the rail can be adapted to the surface of the test object.
  • the rail extends along a predetermined path on the surface of the specimen, and the carriage can be moved along this path.
  • the carriage can be positioned anywhere along the rail. The carriage can thus be moved continuously along the rail.
  • the rail is preferably produced or producible by means of a stereolithography method. This can the rail should only be made from the surface of the test object by means of a drawing and adapted to the surface of the test object. The rail can therefore also be adapted to particularly complex surfaces.
  • the rail may be made or fabricated from at least one material which is curable by treatment with ultraviolet light.
  • the rail initially consists of a flexible material and is correspondingly deformable. Subsequently, the rail can be cured in the desired shape.
  • the rail is made or produced from at least one epoxy resin.
  • the rail comprises one or more guide grooves and / or guide grooves, which are formed to be complementary to the carriage or to a section of the carriage. This contributes to a precise guidance of the carriage in the rail.
  • the carriage may have at least one guide roller. This allows a low-friction and precise movement of the carriage within the rail.
  • At least one guide roller and at least one guide groove or guide groove are engageable or engageable with each other.
  • the possibility of movement of the carriage is clearly specified, namely along the rail.
  • the carriage has at least one motor for driving the carriage along the rail.
  • the carriage has at least one gear or the like coupled to the motor, which is non-positively engaged with the rail or can be brought into engagement. There is a clear relationship between the number of revolutions of the motor and the position of the carriage.
  • the rail may have at least one rack.
  • at least one toothing may be formed in or on the rail.
  • the gear with the rack or the toothing be engaged or engaged. This causes a non-slip movement of the carriage.
  • the test head is pivotally mounted on the carriage about an axis extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail. In this way, the detection range can be optimized with two degrees of freedom of movement of the test head.
  • test head and the test head
  • Carriage are coupled together by at least one restoring device.
  • a stable position of the probe can be defined and realized.
  • the restoring device comprises at least two interacting magnetic elements.
  • the restoring device may comprise at least one spring element.
  • At least two guide rollers are mounted relative to each other movable on the carriage, so that the positions of the guide rollers can be adapted to the course of the rail. This makes it possible to easily adapt the shape of the slide to the rail.
  • the carriage comprises at least two frame parts pivotally connected or connectable with each other are, wherein at each part at least one guide roller is rotatably mounted.
  • the at least two frame parts can be pivotable about an axis which extends along the direction of movement of the carriage. This allows a particularly simple adaptation of the shape of the carriage to the course of the rail.
  • two guide rollers are arranged side by side on at least one frame part.
  • this frame part with the two guide rollers forms a rigid axle, which is pivotable with respect to the other frame part.
  • two guide rollers are arranged side by side on at least two frame parts, so that the two axles are pivotable relative to one another with two guide rollers each.
  • the coupling of the frame parts can be provided that the at least two frame parts are coupled together by at least one restoring device.
  • the restoring device comprises at least two interacting magnetic elements.
  • the restoring device may comprise at least one spring element.
  • the device may have at least one control device.
  • the controller may control both the transmission and the detection of the ultrasonic waves.
  • the movement of the test head and / or carriage can also be controlled by the control device.
  • the device is provided for the material testing of a metal test object, in particular for the material testing of a forged component.
  • a metal test object in particular for the material testing of a forged component.
  • the device for the material testing of a turbine wheel, a turbine wheel bucket or a turbine blade root is particularly suitable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a carriage for a nondestructive material testing apparatus of a test object according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a rail for the nondestructive material testing apparatus of the test article according to the preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of the rail for the nondestructive material testing apparatus of the test article according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the carriage with a test head according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a carriage 14 for a nondestructive material testing apparatus of a test article according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the carriage 14 is formed substantially as a rectangular frame.
  • the carriage 14 comprises several individual parts, which are usually made of plastic.
  • At the two outer longitudinal sides 16 of the carriage 14 are each because two guide rollers 18.
  • the guide rollers 18 are rotatably mounted on the carriage 14.
  • the guide rollers 18 are rotatably attached to the rectangular frame.
  • the guide rollers 18 are made of metal.
  • the rectangular frame is formed in two parts in this embodiment, which will be described in more detail below.
  • a gear 20 On one of the two longitudinal sides 16 is located above the guide rollers 18, a gear 20.
  • the gear 20 is also rotatably mounted on the one longitudinal side 16. Furthermore, the gear 20 is formed as a drive wheel and is driven by an electric motor 21.
  • the carriage 14 is provided for receiving at least one test head, which in FIG. 1 is not explicitly shown.
  • the carriage 14 essentially comprises the rectangular frame and a receiving device 30 for the test head.
  • the receiving device 30 for the test head is attached via a return device in the rectangular frame.
  • the test head is provided for transmitting the ultrasonic waves and for detecting the ultrasonic waves reflected from the test object.
  • the test head is pivotally mounted to the carriage 14.
  • the pivot axis extends parallel to the direction of movement of the carriage 14.
  • the carriage 14 has a return device, so that the test head is automatically pivotable in a predetermined position, in particular in a central position.
  • the restoring device may comprise magnetic elements or spring elements.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of FIG.
  • Rail 22 for the device for non-destructive testing of the test object according to the preferred embodiment of the invention shown.
  • the rail 22 is made of epoxy resin in this preferred embodiment. Thereby, the rail 22 can be hardened by treatment with ultraviolet light.
  • the rail 22 is preferably made by a stereolithography process. This allows the rail to be made only from a drawing of the surface of the test object.
  • the rail 22 is formed as an elongated rectangular frame.
  • the contour of the rail 22 is adapted to the surface of the test piece, so that one of the two large-area sides is substantially complementary to the surface of the test piece and faces the test piece during the material test.
  • the two inner longitudinal sides 24 are each a guide groove 26.
  • the two guide grooves 26 extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail 22, wherein the two open sides of the guide grooves 26 face each other.
  • the guide grooves 26 are thus open towards the inside.
  • the rail 22 includes a toothing 28, which extends similar to a rack along the longitudinal axis of the rail 22.
  • the rail 22 and the carriage 14 are adapted to each other in terms of their geometry, that the carriage 14 is displaceable within the rail 22.
  • the guide rollers 18 of the carriage 14 in the guide grooves 26 of the rail 22 are movable, and the gear 18 of the carriage 14 is in engagement with the toothing 28th
  • FIG. Figure 3 shows a detailed perspective view of the track 22 for the nondestructive material testing apparatus of the test article according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 clarifies some details of the rail 22.
  • the guide grooves 26 are located on the two inner longitudinal sides 24.
  • the two guide grooves 26 are also zuein- other parallel.
  • the distance between the guide grooves 26 is substantially constant.
  • the guide grooves 26 are open inwardly and their open sides face each other.
  • the toothing 28 is formed and arranged so that the gear 20 with the toothing 28 and at the same time
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the carriage 14 with a test head 36 according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the carriage 14 comprises the rectangular frame, which in turn has a first frame part 32 and a second frame part 34.
  • the receiving device 30 for the test head 36 is provided within the first frame part 32.
  • the test head 36 is again provided within the receiving device 30.
  • the drive gear formed as a gear 20 is driven by the electric motor 21.
  • Two adjacent guide rollers 18 are attached to the first frame part 32.
  • Two further adjacent guide rollers 18 are attached to the second frame part 34.
  • the first frame part 32 and the second frame part 34 are pivotably connected to each other along the longitudinal axis of the carriage 14 or connectable.
  • the two axes of the guide rollers 18 are pivotable relative to each other, so that the carriage 14 is adapted to the profile of the rail 22.
  • the carriage 14 includes a plurality of magnetic elements 40 that form two return devices.
  • a restoring device acts between the first frame part 32 and the second frame part 34.
  • the recesses 42 are slightly larger than the corresponding magnetic elements 40.
  • the receiving device 30 is pivotable in two directions perpendicular to the direction of movement of the carriage 14 with respect to the first frame part 32 and can be automatically reset by means of the return device into a middle position.
  • the second frame part 34 is likewise pivotable relative to the first frame part 32 about the axis which extends parallel to the direction of movement of the carriage 14 and can be automatically reset by means of the restoring device into a middle position. In the middle positions, the corresponding recesses are exactly opposite.
  • test head is thus on the one hand along the rail 22 movable and on the other hand perpendicular to pivot, so that a relatively large area can be sonicated and detected.
  • test head only two degrees of freedom of movement are required, whereby a relatively simple algorithm for the control of the probe and the detection and evaluation of the reflected sound waves is sufficient.
  • the material testing is done by moving a test head attached to the carriage 14 along the rail 22 and thus along the outer surface of the test article.
  • the test head is pivotable about an axis which is parallel to the longitudinal axis, but at least to the tangent of the rail 22.
  • the entire surface of the test object be scanned in order to detect the entire volume of the test object. It can be scanned, for example, a certain distance or a certain way on the surface, since at least the relevant area of the volume can be detected without the complete scanning of the surface by the pivoting movements of the probe.
  • the detected signal is generated in particular by the reflected portion of an ultrasonic pulse at sudden spatial changes in the characteristic impedance within the test object. These changes are interpreted as material defects if there are no design-related material boundaries or material transitions.
  • the detected signal contains information about the amplitude and the transit time of the reflected sound wave. Since the speed of sound in the material of the test object is known, the runtime can also be used to determine the distance between the material error and the position of the test head.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler, au moins massif par endroits, par exposition de l'objet à contrôler à des ondes ultrasonores et détection des ondes ultrasonores réfléchies à l'intérieur de l'objet à contrôler. Le dispositif comprend au moins un palpeur pour l'émission des ondes ultrasonores et pour la détection des ondes ultrasonores réfléchies par l'objet à contrôler, au moins un chariot mobile (14) sur lequel le palpeur est appliqué ou applicable, et un rail allongé (22) pour le guidage du chariot (14), qui est adapté ou adaptable sur la structure de la surface de l'objet à contrôler. A cette occasion, le chariot (14) est déplaçable le long du rail (22).
EP09714146A 2008-02-26 2009-01-21 Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores Withdrawn EP2247948A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09714146A EP2247948A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2009-01-21 Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08003487A EP2096433A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2008-02-26 Dispositif de contrôle non destructif de matériau d'un objet de test à l'aide d'ondes à ultrasons
EP09714146A EP2247948A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2009-01-21 Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores
PCT/EP2009/050614 WO2009106383A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2009-01-21 Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2247948A1 true EP2247948A1 (fr) 2010-11-10

Family

ID=39665940

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08003487A Withdrawn EP2096433A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2008-02-26 Dispositif de contrôle non destructif de matériau d'un objet de test à l'aide d'ondes à ultrasons
EP09714146A Withdrawn EP2247948A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2009-01-21 Dispositif pour le contrôle non destructif du matériau d'un objet à contrôler à l'aide d'ondes ultrasonores

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08003487A Withdrawn EP2096433A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2008-02-26 Dispositif de contrôle non destructif de matériau d'un objet de test à l'aide d'ondes à ultrasons

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8418562B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2096433A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5769424B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101155802B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101960305A (fr)
RU (1) RU2440569C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009106383A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201004756B (fr)

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EP2646814A1 (fr) * 2010-11-29 2013-10-09 Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska Système et procédé d'évaluation par les ultrasons de propriétés structurales
EP2799861B1 (fr) * 2013-04-30 2018-01-10 General Electric Technology GmbH Appareil et procédé d'inspection ultrasonore de composant avec une pièce de guidage adaptable
WO2015001097A1 (fr) * 2013-07-05 2015-01-08 Torque And More (Tam) Gmbh Comparaison de retard de phase d'onde sonore dans un solide
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5769424B2 (ja) 2015-08-26
WO2009106383A1 (fr) 2009-09-03
KR20100110373A (ko) 2010-10-12
RU2440569C1 (ru) 2012-01-20
US8418562B2 (en) 2013-04-16
JP2011513719A (ja) 2011-04-28
EP2096433A1 (fr) 2009-09-02
US20110000301A1 (en) 2011-01-06
CN101960305A (zh) 2011-01-26
KR101155802B1 (ko) 2012-06-12
ZA201004756B (en) 2011-03-30

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