Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
  • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
  • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/45—Ash-less or low ash content
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a lubricating composition, in particular for use as a gas engine oil.
• a lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a base oil having a viscosity index greater than 80, a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of from 2 to 50 mm 2 /s, containing 90 wt.% or more saturates, having less than 5 ppm sulphur and wherein the base oil is derived from a waxy feed, and a minor amount of: (a) a polyol ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms; and (b) an oil soluble or oil dispersible molybdenum compound.
• US 2008/0015127 discloses the use of a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a friction modifier and a dispersant wherein the lubricating composition comprises less than 325 ppm boron.
• US 6 562 765 discloses an engine oil comprising a base oil and at least 450 ppm molybdenum of a friction modifier composition containing a specific oxymolybdenum complex and a specific molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
• a lubricating composition comprising:
• the lubricating compositions according to the present invention may exhibit improved friction reduction properties.
• base oil used in lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the base oil used in lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils as well as naturally derived esters such as vegetable oils may be conveniently used.
• the base oil used in the present invention may conveniently comprise mixtures of one or more mineral oils and/or one or more synthetic oils; thus, according to the present invention, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil.
• Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinic/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
• Suitable base oils for use in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention are Group I-III mineral base oils, Group IV poly-alpha olefins (PAOs), Group I-III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils and mixtures thereof.
• Group I lubricating oil base oils according to the definitions of American Petroleum Institute (API) for category III and IV.
• API American Petroleum Institute
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils are known in the art.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
• a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
• Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil in the lubricating composition of the present invention are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959 , EP 0 668 342 , WO 97/21788 , WO 00/15736 , WO 00/14188 , WO 00/14187 , WO 00/14183 , WO 00/14179 , WO 00/08115 , WO 99/41332 , EP 1 029 029 , WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166 .
• Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
• hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
• Synthetic hydrocarbon base oils sold by the Shell Group under the designation "Shell XHVI" (trade mark) may be conveniently used.
• Poly-alpha olefin base oils PAOs
• Preferred poly-alpha olefin base oils that may be used in the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be derived from linear C 2 to C 32 , preferably C 6 to C 16 , alpha olefins.
• Particularly preferred feedstocks for said poly-alpha olefins are 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene.
• the total amount of base oil incorporated in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably present in an amount in the range of from 60 to 99 wt.%, more preferably in an amount in the range of from 65 to 98 wt.% and most preferably in an amount in the range of from 70 to 95 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• molybdenum-containing compound used in lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the molybdenum-containing compound used in lubricating composition according to the present invention and various conventional molybdenum-containing compounds may be conveniently used.
• the molybdenum-containing compound is a sulphur-containing molybdenum-containing compound such as a compound selected from the group consisting of a molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiophosphinate, molybdenum xanthate, molybdenum thioxanthate, molybdenum sulfide and mixtures thereof.
• the molybdenum-containing compound may also be a di- or trinuclear molybdenum compound.
• the molybdenum compound is a molybdenum dithiocarbamate compound.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises at least 0.40 wt.%, more preferably at least 0.45 wt.%, even more preferably at least 0.50 wt.% of the molybdenum-containing compound, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition comprises at most 1.5 wt.%, more typically at most 1.0 wt.%, of the molybdenum-containing compound, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the fatty acid amide as used in lubricating composition according to the present invention and various conventional saturated or unsaturated fatty acid amides such as oleamide, stearamide, behenamide, docosamide, erucamide may be conveniently used.
• the fatty acid amide contains from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 24 carbon atoms, most preferably from 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
• the unsaturated fatty acid amides preferably containing 18 to 22 carbon atoms such as oleamide (C 18 ), arachidonamide (C 20 ) and erucamide (C 22 ). It is even more preferred that the fatty acid amides are monounsaturated fatty acid amides, preferably containing 18 to 22 carbon atoms such as oleamide and erucamide.
• the amount of the fatty acid amide in the compositions of the invention is typically from 0.01 wt.% to 2.0 wt.%, preferably from 0.05 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% and more preferably from 0.1 to 1.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition further comprises a polyol ester.
• a polyol ester there are no particular limitations regarding the polyol esters as used in lubricating composition according to the present invention and various conventional polyol esters may be conveniently used.
• the polyol ester according to the present invention is a polyol ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 14 to 20 carbon atoms, most preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
• the polyol moiety of the polyol ester may include polyols such as diols, triols and the like such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, etc.
• carboxylic acid moiety of the polyol ester examples include octadecanoic acid, oleic acid, hexadecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and iso-forms thereof (i.e. having branched carbon chains).
• carboxylic acid moiety of the polyol ester is a fatty acid.
• the polyol esters used in the present invention may be mixtures of mono-, di- and trimesters, but preferably are predominantly the monoesters.
• the polyol ester is a polyol monoester of an iso-fatty acid (i.e. a branched fatty acid) such as glycerol mono-isostearate, which is commercially readily available.
• glycerol mono-isostearate a polyol monoester of an iso-fatty acid (i.e. a branched fatty acid)
• Other polyol esters such as the oleic acid monoester of glycerol may be conveniently used as well.
• the amount of the polyol ester in the compositions of the invention is typically from 0.01 wt.% to 2.0 wt.%, preferably from 0.2 wt.% to 1.2 wt.% and more preferably from 0.4 to 0.8 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention may further comprise one or more other additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, other friction modifiers, viscosity modifiers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, other friction modifiers, viscosity modifiers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be conveniently prepared by admixing the one or more additives with the base oil(s).
• the above-mentioned additives are typically present in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 35.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition, preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.05 to 25.0 wt.%, more preferably from 1.0 to 20.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition has a sulphated ash content (according to ASTM D 874) of at most 1.2 wt.%, preferably at most 0.90 wt%, more preferably at most 0.50 wt.%.
• composition has a total base number (TBN) value (according to ASTM D 2896) of between 4.0 and 12.0 mg KOH/g.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention preferably has a calcium content (according to ASTM D 4951) of at most 0.25 wt.%.
• the kinematic viscosity 100°C (according to ASTM D 445) of the composition according to the present invention is between 9.3 and 26.1 cSt, preferably above 9.3 and below 16.3 cSt.
• the present invention provides the use of a lubricating composition according to the present invention, in particular in a gas engine, in order to improve the friction reduction properties (in particular according to the SRV test of DIN 51834-1).
• the lubricating compositions according to the present invention are useful for lubricating apparatus generally, but in particular for use as engine oils for internal combustion engines.
• engine oils include passenger car engines, diesel engines, marine diesel engines, gas engines, two- and four-cycle engines, etc., and in particular gas engines.
• Table 1 indicates the composition and properties of the fully formulated gas engine oil formulations that were tested; the amounts of the components are given in wt.%, based on the total weight of the fully formulated formulations.
• All the tested gas engine oil formulations contained a combination of a base oil, an additive package and - if present - a total amount of 1.5 wt.% of one or more friction modifiers, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the additive packages contained a combination of additives including anti-oxidants, zinc-based anti-wear additives, an ashless dispersant, overbased and ashless detergents, a pour point depressant, a corrosion inhibitor and a metal passivator.
• “Additive package 1" and “Additive package 2” were so-called Low Ash additive packages, i.e. resulting in a total Sulfated Ash content of 0.50 wt.%; "Additi-cre package 1” provided a TBN of about 4.5 mg KOH/g (according to ASTM D 2896), whereas “Additive package 2” provided a TBN of about 9.0 mg KOH/g.
• Additive package 3 was a so-called Medium Ash additive package, i.e. resulting in a total Sulfated Ash content of 0.90 wt.%.
• Base oil 1 was a commercially available Group II base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 12.4 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ). Base oil 1 is commercially available from e.g. Chevron Products Company (San Ramon, CA, United States) (under the trade designation "Chevron 600 R").
• Base oil 2 was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil (“GTL 8") having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 8 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
• This GTL base oil may be conveniently manufactured similar to the process as described in e.g. WO 02/070631 , the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• Base oil 3 was a commercially available Group I base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 11.2 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ). Base oil 3 is commercially available from e.g. Shell Chemicals under the trade designation "Catenex”.
• FM 1 Fretion modifier 1
• Infineum International Ltd Abingdon, United Kingdom
• FM 2 fatty acid amide
• oleamide fatty acid amide
• FM 2 is commercially available from e.g. Croda Oleochemicals (Hull, United Kingdom) under the trade designation "Crodamide O”.
• FM 3 “Friction modifier 3”
• glycerol mono-isostearate i.e. a glycerol monoester of an iso-fatty acid.
• FM 3 is commercially available from e.g. Croda International Plc (Snaith, United Kingdom) under the trade designation "Prisorine 2040".
• “Friction modifier 4" (hereafter “FM 4") was a polyol ester, more specifically a glycerol mono-octadecanoate. FM 4 is commercially available from e.g. Croda International Plc (Snaith, United Kingdom) under the trade designation "Perfad 3336".
• compositions of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were obtained by mixing the base oils with the additive package and friction modifier(s) using conventional lubricant blending procedures.
• Table 1 Component [we.%] Example 1
• Example 2 Example 3
• Example 4 Example 5 Comp. Ex. 1 Comp. Ex. 2 Comp. Ex. 3 Comp. Ex. 4 Comp. Ex.
• Base oil 1 (Group II) 89.50 89.50 - - 89.50 91.00 89.50 89.50 89.50 89.50 89.50 89.50 Base oil 2 (GTL 8) - - 89.50 - - - - - Base oil 3 (Group I) - - - - 86.70 - - - - - - - Additive package 1 9.00 - - - - - - - Additive package 1 9.00 - - - - 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 Additive package 2 - 9.00 - - - - - - - Additive package 3 - - - 11.80 - - - - - - - - - FM 1 (Mo-compound) 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 - 0.75 0.75 - - FM 2 (Fatty acid amide; i.c.
• the measured friction reduction properties are indicated in Table 2 below.
• the "normalised friction coefficient” refers to the relative value when compared to the value of Comparative Example 1; the lower this normalised friction coefficient is, the more friction reduction occurs.
• Table 2 Example 1
• Example 2 Example 3
• Example 4 Example 5
• Comp. Ex. 1 Comp. Ex. 2
• Comp. Ex. 3 Comp. Ex. 4
• Friction coefficient 0.051 0.066 0.06 0.047 0.075 0.157 0.087 0.11 0.129 0.111 Normalised friction coefficient 32.48 42.04 38.22 29.94 47.77 100 55.41 70.06 82.17 70.70 Friction reduction [%] 67.52 57.96 61.78 70.06 52.23 0 44.59 29.94 17.83 29.30
• the present invention surprisingly allows formulating suitable gas engine oil compositions having a low sulphated ash content and both low (Examples 1 and 5) or high (Examples 2-4) TBN-values.
• suitable gas engine oil compositions having a low sulphated ash content and both low (Examples 1 and 5) or high (Examples 2-4) TBN-values.
• the performance of a friction modifier combination varies with the specific formulation used; however, the combination according to the present invention appears to perform consistently good.
• Example 1 From the comparison between Example 1 and Example 5 (differing only in the polyol ester) it can be learned that according to the present invention there is a preference for a polyol ester of a branched fatty acid (glycerol mono-isostearate) above a polyol ester of an unbranched fatty acid (glycerol mono-octadecanoate).
• a polyol ester of a branched fatty acid glycerol mono-isostearate
• an unbranched fatty acid glycerol mono-octadecanoate

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Cited By (4)

Citations (20)

• 2009
  • 2009-05-01 EP EP09159279A patent/EP2248878A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (21)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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