Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
  • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
  • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
  • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
  • C10M2227/066—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts derived from Mo or W
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a lubricating composition, and more in particular to a lubricating composition for use in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine.
• WO 2007/096361 A1 discloses a lubricating composition
• a lubricating composition comprising base oil, one or more glycerol esters selected from glycerol monooleate and/or glycerol dioleate, optionally in combination with glycerol trioleate, wherein said composition further comprises one or more dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds and an additive amount of one or more additional polyhydric alcohol esters.
• the lubricating compositions according to WO 2007/096361 exhibit good friction reduction and fuel economy properties, even when solely use is made of ashless friction modifiers (i.e. not containing molybdenum-based friction modifiers).
• synergistic friction reduction properties can be obtained by the combination of one or more organomolybdenum compounds and one or more dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds.
• a lubricating composition comprising:
• WO 2007/096361 suggests to use ashless friction modifiers (instead of molybdenum friction modifiers), and no actual combinations of one or more organomolybdenum compounds; and one or more dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds have been disclosed in WO 2007/096361 .
• base oil used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the base oil used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils as well as naturally derived esters such as vegetable oils may be conveniently used.
• the base oil used in the present invention may conveniently comprise mixtures of one or more mineral oils and/or one or more synthetic oils; thus, according to the present invention, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil.
• Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinlc/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
• Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; Patsy dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes, dewaxed waxy isomerates and Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
• hydrocarbon oils sold by the Shell Group under the designation "Shell XHVI” (trade mark) may be conveniently used.
• Poly-alpha olefin base oils (PAOs) and their manufacture are well known in the art.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils are known in the art.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
• a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
• Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil in the lubricating composition of the present invention are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959 , EP 0 668 342 , WO 97/21788 , WO 00/15736 , WO 00/14188 , WO 00/14187 , WO 00/14183 , WO 00/14179 , WO 00/08115 , WO 99/41332 , EP 1 029 029 , WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166 .
• the composition comprises at least 60 wt.% of a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• Suitable base oils for use in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention are Group I-III mineral base oils, Group IV poly-alpha olefins (PAOs), Group III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils, etc., and mixtures thereof.
• Group I", Group II", “Group III” and “Group IV” base oils in the present invention are meant lubricating oil base oils according to the definitions of American Petroleum Institute (API) for category I and II. These API categories are defined in API Publication 1509, 15th Edition, Appendix E, April 2002 .
• the total amount of base oil incorporated in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably present in an amount in the range of from 60 to 99 wt.%, more preferably in an amount in the range of from 65 to 90 wt.% and most preferably in an amount in the range of from 70 to 85 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• organomolybdenum compounds used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the one or more organomolybdenum compounds used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional organomolybednum compounds may be conveniently used.
• Typical organomolybdenum compounds include molybdenum dithiocarbamates (MoDTC), molybdenum dithiophosphates (MoDTP), molybdenum amines, molybdenum alcoholates, and molybdenum alcohol-amides.
• the molybdenum-containing compound may also be a di- or trinuclear molybdenum compound.
• the one or more organomolybdenum compounds comprise a compound selected from molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) and molybdenum amine, or a mixture thereof; preferably, the one or more organomolybdenum compounds comprise at least molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC).
• MoDTC molybdenum dithiocarbamate
• the composition has a molybdenum content in the range of from 100 ppm to 2000 ppm, preferably from 200 to 1000 ppm, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds may be conveniently used.
• Dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds are multi-functional compounds that in addition to acting as viscosity index improvers also exhibit dispersant behaviour. Such compounds are well known in the art and have been described in many publications, for example, Chapter 5 viscosity index improvers and thickeners") by R.L. Stambaugh in "Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants", eds., R.M. Mortier, S.T. Orszulik, Blackie/VCH, 1992, pp. 124 . Such compounds may be conveniently prepared by conventional methods and may be generally prepared as described in the afore-mentioned reference.
• said compounds may also be prepared according to the methods described in EP-A-0 730 022 , EP-A-0 730 021 , US-A-3 506 574 and EP-A2-0 750 031 .
• Examples of dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds that may be conveniently used include those described in US-B1-6 331 510 , US-B1-6 204 224 and US-B1-6 372 696 .
• dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds examples include those available from Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany) under the trade designations "VISCOPLEX 6-325", “Viscoplex 6-054”, “Viscoplex 6-954" and “Viscoplex 6-565" and that available from The Lubrizol Corporation under the trade designation "LZ 7720C”.
• Particularly preferred dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds that may be conveniently employed in the present invention are polyalkylene glycol-polymethacrylate copolymers.
• the polyalkylene glycol moieties therein may comprise branched or unbranched alkylene groups.
• Examples of polyalkylene glycol-polymethacrylate copolymers that may be conveniently used are polyethylene glycol-polymethacrylate copolymers and polypropylene glycol-polymethacrylate copolymers.
• Polyalkylene glycol-polymethacrylate copolymers which are especially preferred for use as dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds in the present invention include compounds selected from compounds according to formula (I), wherein n is an integer in the range of from 1 to 20, preferably 10 to 20, m is an integer in the range of from 75 to 200, y is an integer in the range of from 2 to 6 and x is an integer in the range of from 200 to 600.
• Examples of most preferred dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds that may be conveniently employed in the present invention include polyethylene glycol-polymethacrylate co-polymers.
• Polyethylene glycol-polymethacrylate co-polymers which are especially preferred for use as dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds in the present invention include compounds according to formula II, wherein n is an integer in the range of from 1 to 20, preferably 10 to 20, m is an integer in the range of from 75 to 200 and x is an integer in the range of from 200 to 600.
• Preferred polyalkylene glycol-polymethacrylate copolymers dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds that may be conveniently used in the present invention include viscosity index improver which is available under the trade designation "VISCOPLEX 6-325" from Evonik Industries AG.
• the one or more dispersant-viscosity index improver compounds are present in a total amount in the range of from 0.1 to 10 wt.%, more preferably in the range of from 0.2 to 7 wt.% and most preferably in the range of from 0.5 to 4 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention typically further comprises one or more additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D 445) in the range of from 2 to 80 mm 2 /s, more preferably in the range of from 3 to 50 mm 2 /s, most preferably in the range of from 4 to 20 mm 2 /s.
• the total amount of phosphorus in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably in the range of from 0.04 to 0.1 wt.%, more preferably in the range of from 0.05 to 0.09 wt.% and most preferably in the range of from 0.06 to 0.08 wt.%, based on total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition of the present invention preferably has typically a sulphur content of not greater than 1.2 wt.%, preferably not greater than 0.7 wt.%, more preferably not greater than 0.5 wt.% and most preferably not greater than 0.3 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• SAE stands for Society of Automotive Engineers.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention meets the specifications of a SAE OW-20 formulation.
• the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be conveniently prepared by admixing the one or more additives with the base oil(s).
• the present invention provides a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising applying a lubricating composition according to the present invention thereto. Further, the present invention provides the use of the lubricating composition according to the present invention in order to improve friction reduction properties.
• the present invention is not limited to a certain type of lubricant, the present invention is of special use as an engine oil in internal combustion engines.
• Table 1 indicates the composition and properties of the fully formulated engine oils that were tested; the amounts of the components are given in wt.%, based on the total weight of the fully formulated compositions.
• All tested engine oil compositions contained a combination of a base oil blend, an additive package (the same in all tested compositions), friction modifiers and a dispersant-viscosity index improver.
• Base oil 1 and “Base oil 2” were Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 4 cSt ("GTL 4") and 8 cSt ("GTL 8”), respectively.
• These GTL 4 and GTL 8 base oils may be conveniently manufactured by the process described in e.g. WO-A-02/070631 , the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• the additive package contained a combination of additives including anti-oxidants, a zinc-based anti--wear additives, an ashless dispersant, an over-based detergent mixture, a pour point depressant and about 30 ppm of an anti-foaming agent.
• “Friction modifier 1” was a molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), commercially available from ADEKA Corporation (Tokyo, Japan) under the trade designation “Sakuralube 515" ("S-515").
• “Friction modifier 2” was a molybdenum amine, commercially available from ADEKA Corporation under the trade designation “Sakuralube 710" (“S-710").
• the dispersant-viscosity index improver was a polyethylene glycol-polymethacrylate (PEG-PMA) copolymer, commercially available from Evonik Industries AG (Essen Germany) under the trade designation "Viscoplex 6-325".
• PEG-PMA polyethylene glycol-polymethacrylate
• Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were obtained by mixing the base oils with the respective components using conventional lubricant blending procedures.
• the compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 met the requirements of a 0W-20 formulation according to SAE J300.
• Table 1 Component [wt.%] Example 1 Comp. Ex. 1 Base oil 1 [GTL 4] 61.0 61.6 Base oil 2 [GTL 8] 20.0 20.0 Additive package 15.9 15.9 Friction modifier 1 0.3 - Friction modifier 2 0.3 - Dispersant-VI improver 2.5 2.5 TOTAL 100 100 Properties of total composition Mo-content [ppm] 600 Not determined S content [wt.%] 0.2 0.2
• Friction coefficients were measured with the Mini-Traction Machine using the 'ball-on-disc' configuration.
• the ball specimen was a polished steel ball bearing, 19.05 mm in diameter.
• the disc specimen was a polished bearing steel disc, 46 mm in diameter and 6 mm thick.
• the ball specimen was secured concentrically on a motor driven shaft.
• the disc specimen was secured concentrically on another motor driven shaft.
• the ball was loaded against the disc to create a point contact area with minimum spin and skew components. At the point of contact, a slide to roll ratio of 100% was maintained by adjusting the surface speed of the ball and disc.
• Example 1 the friction reduction properties for Example 1 were significantly improved when compared with Comparative Example 1. Also, it can be learned that desirable friction reduction properties can be obtained, whilst using Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils as the base oils.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2009
  • 2009-12-08 EP EP09178336A patent/EP2333036A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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