EP2283208A1 - Procede et dispositif d'exploitation "in situ" de bitumes ou d'huile extra-lourde - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'exploitation "in situ" de bitumes ou d'huile extra-lourde

Info

Publication number
EP2283208A1
EP2283208A1 EP09742024A EP09742024A EP2283208A1 EP 2283208 A1 EP2283208 A1 EP 2283208A1 EP 09742024 A EP09742024 A EP 09742024A EP 09742024 A EP09742024 A EP 09742024A EP 2283208 A1 EP2283208 A1 EP 2283208A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reservoir
conductor
conductor loop
bitumen
inductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09742024A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Diehl
Norbert Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102008022176A external-priority patent/DE102008022176A1/de
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2283208A1 publication Critical patent/EP2283208A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
    • E21B43/2408—SAGD in combination with other methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for "in situ" - promotion of bitumen or heavy oil from oil sands deposits according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to an associated apparatus for performing the method.
  • German patent DE 10 2007 040 605 B4 entitled “device for” in situ "promotion of bitumen or heavy oil” is a device under protection, in which the designated as a reservoir oil sand deposit with heat energy to reduce the Viscosity of the bitumen or heavy oil is applied in such a way that at least one electric / electromagnetic heating provided and a delivery pipe for carrying away the liquefied bitumen or heavy oil are present, for which at predetermined depth of the reservoir at least two linearly extended conductors are guided in parallel in a horizontal orientation, wherein the ends of the conductors are electrically conductively connected inside or outside the reservoirs and together form a conductor loop which realizes a predetermined complex resistance and connected outside the reservoir to an external electric power generator, the inductor tivity of the conductor loop is partially compensated.
  • the reservoir can be heated inductively.
  • the SAGD process starts, in which typically both pipes are heated by steam for 3 months to first as quickly as possible the bitumen in the space between the Liquefy pipes. Thereafter, the steam is introduced into the reservoir through the upper tube and the delivery through the lower tube can begin.
  • the invention is that a purely electromagnetic-inductive method for heating and promoting Bitumen is proposed with particularly favorable arrangements of the inductors. It is essential to place one of the inductors directly above the production pipe, that is, without appreciable horizontal offset. Although it is not possible to completely avoid an offset during the insertion of the boreholes.
  • the offset should in any case be less than 10 m, preferably less than 5 m, which is considered negligible in the corresponding dimensions of the deposit.
  • the electromagnetic heating process can be combined with a steam process (SAGD), so in the additional invention is based exclusively on the electromagnetic heating, which is hereinafter referred to as EMGD (E_lectro-Magnetic .Drainage Gravity) method.
  • SAGD steam process
  • EMGD Electro-Magnetic .Drainage Gravity
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through an oil sand reservoir with injection and delivery pipe according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective detail of an oil sand reservoir with an electrical conductor loop extending horizontally in the reservoir according to the main patent application
  • FIG. 3 shows by combining FIG. 1 with FIG. 2 the state of the art of the SAGD method with electromagnetic-inductive assistance
  • FIG. 4 shows the electrical connection of the inductive sub-conductors in the case of two sub-conductors
  • FIG. 5 shows the electrical connection of the inductive partial conductors in the case of three partial conductors with parallel connection of two partial conductors
  • FIG. 6 shows the electrical connection of the inductive sub-conductors in three partial conductors with three-phase current and Figure 7 to Figure 10 shows four variants of the new EMGD method with different arrangement of the inductors.
  • an oil sand deposit 100 designated as a reservoir is shown, with a cuboid unit 1 with the length 1, the width w and the height h always being selected for the further consideration.
  • the length 1 may for example be up to some 500 m, the width w 60 to 100 m and the height h about 20 to 100 m. It has to be taken into account that starting from the earth's surface E there can be an overburden of thickness s up to 500 m.
  • an injection pipe 101 for steam or water / steam mixture and a production pipe 102 for the liquefied bitumen or oil are present in the oil sand reservoir 100 of the deposit.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement for inductive heating. This can be achieved by a long, i. several 100 m to 1.5 km, laid in the ground conductor loop 10 to 20 are formed, the Hinleiter 10 and the return conductor 20 side by side, ie at the same depth, are guided and at the end via an element 15 inside or outside of the reservoir 100 are interconnected. Initially, the conductors 10 and 20 are led down vertically or at a shallow angle and are powered by an RF generator 60 which may be housed in an external housing. In particular, the conductors 10 and 20 extend at the same depth either side by side or one above the other. In this case, an offset of the ladder makes sense.
  • Typical distances between the return and return conductors 10, 20 are 10 to 60 m with an outer diameter of the conductors of 10 to 50 cm (0.1 to 0.5 m).
  • An electrical double line 10, 20 in Figure 2 with the aforementioned typical dimensions has a Lekssindukt foundedsbelag of 1.0 to 2.7 uH / m.
  • the cross-capacitance coating is only 10 to 100 pF / m with the dimensions mentioned, so that the capacitive cross-currents can initially be neglected.
  • wave effects should be avoided.
  • the shaft speed is given by the capacitance and inductance of the conductor arrangement.
  • the characteristic frequency of the arrangement is due to the loop length and the wave propagation speed along the arrangement of the double line 10, 20.
  • the loop length is therefore to be selected so short that no disturbing wave effects result here.
  • the simulated power loss density distribution in a plane perpendicular to the conductors - as it forms in opposite-phase energization of the upper and lower conductor - decreases radially.
  • FIG. 3 which in principle represents a combination of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the projection, the following designations are chosen:
  • a partial conductor of the conductor loop directly above the production pipe has the advantage that the bitumen in the environment above the production pipe is heated in a comparatively short time and thus becomes fluid. This has the effect that, after a comparatively short time (eg 6 months), production begins, which is accompanied by a pressure relief of the reservoir.
  • the pressure of a reservoir is limited and dependent on the thickness of the overburden to prevent break-through of evaporated water (eg 12 bar at 120 m depth, 40 bar at 400 m depth, ). Since the pressure in the reservoir rises due to the electrical heating, the current load for heating must be pressure-regulated. This in turn means that higher heating capacity is only possible after the start of production.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 The associated electrical interconnection is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6: It is to be distinguished whether two or three sub-conductors are present.
  • A is a first inductive subconductor (forward conductor) and B is a second inductive subconductor (return conductor) to which a converter / high-frequency generator 60 from FIG. 2 is connected.
  • FIG. 5 shows a switching variant in which three inductors are used, two of which carry half the current.
  • A is a first inductive subconductor
  • B is a second inductive subconductor
  • C is a third inductive subconductor, the subconductors B and C being connected in parallel.
  • Other combinations of sub-conductors are possible.
  • Figure 6 shows a switching variant in which also three inductors are used, but which are connected to a three-phase generator and therefore all have the same current load, each with 120 ° phase shift.
  • A is a first inductive subconductor
  • B is a second inductive subconductor
  • C is a third inductive subconductor. All sub-conductors are connected to a three-phase inverter / high-frequency generator.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 are used to implement the arrangements of the inductors in the reservoir described below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • An inductor for example inductive sub-conductors A or A ', serves as a forward conductor and an inductor B or B 'as a return conductor, the return conductor in this case carry the same current with a phase shift of 180 ° with respect to the sectional images in Figures 7 and 8.
  • an inductor A as a forward and two inductors B and C as a return conductor.
  • the parallel-connected return conductors B, C carry half the current with 180 ° phase shift relative to the current of the Hinleiters A.
  • an inductor can serve as a forward conductor and more than two inductors can serve as a return conductor, the phase shift of the currents of the forward conductor to all return conductors being 180 ° and the sum of the return currents corresponding to the reference current.
  • three inductors A, B and C can carry the same current intensity and the phase shift between them can be 120 ° in each case.
  • the three inductors A, B, C are the input side fed by a three-phase generator and the output side in a neutral point, which may be inside or outside of the reservoir and the connecting element 15 is connected. It is also possible that the three inductors A, B and C carry unequal amperages and have phase shifts other than 120 °. Current intensities and phase shifts are selected in such a way that it is possible to connect with a neutral point. In this case, at any one time the sum of the forward currents equals the sum of the return currents.
  • FIG. 7 shows a first advantageous embodiment of the invention for an EMGD method. It is a first inductor over production pipe and there is a second inductor on the line of symmetry.
  • the following drawings are selected:
  • Reservoir section 4 Inductive energization by electrical connection at the ends of the inductors (according to FIG. 4)
  • w Reservoir width, distance from one well pair to the next (typically 50 -200 m)
  • h Reservoir height, thickness of the geological oil layer (typically 20 -60 m)
  • dl horizontal distance from A to B (w / 2)
  • d2 vertical distance from B to b: preferably 2 m to 20 m
  • d3 vertical distance from A to b: preferably 10 m to 20 m.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the invention for an EMGD method.
  • a first inductor above the production tube and a second inductor on the line of symmetry, but unlike Figure 7, there are two separate circuits. The following designations are selected:
  • a ⁇ 1. horizontal parallel inductor of the adjacent reservoir section
  • w reservoir width, distance from one well pair to the next (typically 50 -200 m)
  • h reservoir height, thickness of the geological oil layer (typically 20-60 m)
  • dl horizontal distance from A to B (w / 2)
  • d2 vertical distance from B to b: preferably 2 to 20 m
  • d3 vertical distance from A to b: preferably 10 m to 20 m.
  • FIG. 9 shows a third advantageous embodiment of the invention for an EMGD method.
  • the following designations are selected: 0: production pipe, representation in cross-section A: 1. horizontal, parallel inductor directly above the
  • FIG. 10 shows a fourth advantageous embodiment of the invention for an EMGD method. It is a first inductor above the production pipe and there are two more side offset inductors, again with a branched circuit. The following designations are selected: 0: cutting oil reservoir, repeats after both
  • W reservoir width, distance from one well pair to the next (typically 50 -200 m)
  • h reservoir height, thickness of the geological oil layer (typically 20-60 m dl: horizontal distance from A to C and B to A (w / 2)
  • d2 vertical distance from A to b: preferably 2 to 20 m
  • d3 vertical distance from C and B to b: preferably 5 to 20 m
  • FIG. 9 with switching variant of Figure 5 or 6.
  • An inductor A is located above the production pipe b, the second inductor B is located on the symmetry boundary to the left adjacent part of the reservoir.
  • the third inductor C is located on the symmetry boundary to the right adjacent part reservoir.
  • FIG. 10 with switching variant of Figure 5 or 6.
  • An inductor A is located above the production pipe b, the second inductor B is located at the horizontal distance dl of the latter.
  • the third inductor C is also located at the horizontal distance dl but on the other side.
  • FIG. 5 An essential part of the device is - as already described above - that an inductor is positioned directly above the production tube. Furthermore, wiring types (FIGS. 5 and 6) are indicated in combination with inductor positions (FIGS. 8, 9, 10), which allow a variation of the energization distribution and thus heating power distribution between the inductor directly above the production pipe and inductors further away from it , This is the EMGD
  • the EMGD can be divided into three phases.
  • Phase 1 forms the heating of the reservoir, without any bitumen promotion exists. In this case, a melting of the bitumen in the immediate vicinity of the inductors. The melted areas are still isolated from each other, and there is no communication with the production pipe.
  • phase 2 the bitumen in the vicinity of the inductor, which is located directly above the production pipe, has been melted so far that there is a connection to the production pipe.
  • the promotion from this middle reservoir area is done with concomitant pressure relief. Furthermore, there is no communication with the melted areas of the further outside inductors.
  • Phase 3 the middle and the outside melted areas have joined, along with a pressure relief in the outdoor areas.
  • the promotion takes place from the entire reservoir to complete exploitation.
  • the Heating power is concentrated on the inductor directly above the production pipe in order to achieve the earliest possible start of production.
  • a continuous or stepwise displacement of the heating power components takes place from the central region into the outer regions, taking into account the pressure capacity of the respective reservoir region.
  • this requires different procedures:
  • the heating power entries in the middle area and the outside areas are not independent of each other but still adjustable within limits by the following operating modes: i) For the maximum concentration of the heating power component the middle region (advantageous in phase 1) is to operate inductor A as a forward conductor and the inductors B and C as a return conductor. The generator serves as an alternating current source and the phase shift between A and B, C is 180 °. With homogeneous electrical conductivity of the reservoir, the heating power components ⁇ (A, middle range) are 1 ⁇ (B), 1 ⁇ (C).
  • one of the above modes i) -iii) is set. It is also possible to switch between these operating modes several times within the EMGD phases.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

Pour réduire la viscosité des bitumes ou de l'huile extra-lourde dans des gisements, on applique une énergie thermique au gisement, ce qui peut être effectué par une injection de vapeur selon le procédé dit SAGD, et plus particulièrement par un chauffage inductif et/ou résistif, réalisé par introduction d'une boucle conductrice (10, 15, 20) allongée linéairement à une profondeur donnée dans le gisement, alimentation de la boucle conductrice en énergie électrique au moyen d'un générateur haute fréquence, et compensation, par sections ou en continu, de l'inductance linéique de la boucle conductrice (10, 15, 20). Le procédé selon l'invention consiste à liquéfier le bitume ou l'huile extra-lourde au moyen d'une boucle conductrice inductive servant de chauffage, puis à le transporter hors du gisement au moyen d'un tube de transport, la boucle conductrice et le tube de transport étant agencés l'un relativement à l'autre de manière à optimiser le chauffage et par conséquent l'extraction des bitumes et du pétrole extra-lourd. À cette fin, un des conducteurs (10, 15) de la boucle conductrice (10, 15, 20) est placé sensiblement verticalement au dessus du tube de transport (102). Des modélisations ont montré qu'une installation d'extraction pouvait être exploitée uniquement avec un dispositif de chauffage inductif du type décrit, et qu'une injection de vapeur dans le réservoir n'était pas nécessaire.
EP09742024A 2008-05-05 2009-04-30 Procede et dispositif d'exploitation "in situ" de bitumes ou d'huile extra-lourde Withdrawn EP2283208A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008022176A DE102008022176A1 (de) 2007-08-27 2008-05-05 Vorrichtung zur "in situ"-Förderung von Bitumen oder Schwerstöl
PCT/EP2009/055297 WO2009135806A1 (fr) 2008-05-05 2009-04-30 Procédé et dispositif d'exploitation "in situ" de bitumes ou d'huile extra-lourde

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2283208A1 true EP2283208A1 (fr) 2011-02-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP09742024A Withdrawn EP2283208A1 (fr) 2008-05-05 2009-04-30 Procede et dispositif d'exploitation "in situ" de bitumes ou d'huile extra-lourde

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8607862B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2283208A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2723447C (fr)
RU (1) RU2461703C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009135806A1 (fr)

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DE102009019287B4 (de) * 2009-04-30 2014-11-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Aufheizen von Erdböden, zugehörige Anlage und deren Verwendung
DE102010020154B4 (de) * 2010-03-03 2014-08-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur "in-situ"-Förderung von Bitumen oder Schwerstöl
US9051828B2 (en) 2011-06-17 2015-06-09 Athabasca Oil Sands Corp. Thermally assisted gravity drainage (TAGD)
US9279316B2 (en) 2011-06-17 2016-03-08 Athabasca Oil Corporation Thermally assisted gravity drainage (TAGD)
RU2474680C1 (ru) * 2011-08-19 2013-02-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина Способ и устройство для разработки месторождения тяжелой нефти или битума с использованием двухустьевых горизонтальных скважин
EP2623709A1 (fr) * 2011-10-27 2013-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de condensateur pour une bande de roulement d'un dispositif destiné au transport in situ d'huile lourde et de bitume issus de gisements de sable oléagineux
CA2857698C (fr) 2011-12-02 2019-10-15 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Procede de fabrication de l'ame d'un cable, comprenant un conducteur entoure par un joint isolant, destine a un cable, en particulier a un cable a induction, ame de cable et cable
EP2920417A1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2015-09-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique
RU2568084C1 (ru) * 2014-01-09 2015-11-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газ-Проект Инжиниринг" ООО "Газ-Проект Инжиниринг" Способ транспортировки и слива высоковязких текучих сред
WO2015176172A1 (fr) 2014-02-18 2015-11-26 Athabasca Oil Corporation Dispositif de chauffage de puits faisant appel à des câbles
DE102014223621A1 (de) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Lagerstättenheizung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2010149790A (ru) 2012-06-20
US8607862B2 (en) 2013-12-17
WO2009135806A1 (fr) 2009-11-12
CA2723447A1 (fr) 2009-11-12
US20110048717A1 (en) 2011-03-03
RU2461703C2 (ru) 2012-09-20
CA2723447C (fr) 2013-11-12

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