EP2293908B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un objet préformé en un matériau à base de bois - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un objet préformé en un matériau à base de bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2293908B1
EP2293908B1 EP09757262A EP09757262A EP2293908B1 EP 2293908 B1 EP2293908 B1 EP 2293908B1 EP 09757262 A EP09757262 A EP 09757262A EP 09757262 A EP09757262 A EP 09757262A EP 2293908 B1 EP2293908 B1 EP 2293908B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
wood
steam
press
pressure chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09757262A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2293908A1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Nonninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NONNINGER, KURT
Original Assignee
Nonninger Kurt
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nonninger Kurt filed Critical Nonninger Kurt
Priority to PL09757262T priority Critical patent/PL2293908T3/pl
Publication of EP2293908A1 publication Critical patent/EP2293908A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2293908B1 publication Critical patent/EP2293908B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/086—Presses with means for extracting or introducing gases or liquids in the mat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a wood-based molded article using a wood-based material and a thermosetting binder by pressing, wherein for curing of the binder, a heat transfer into the wood-based molded part takes place in the form of a steam blast.
  • a three-layer constructed wood material mat consisting of the wood material base material and a thermosetting binder, fed to a press. Subsequently, a H disclosepreßvorgang takes place.
  • the curing of the binder (glue) in the outer cover layers by direct heat through heated press plates or bands. Due to the heat energy introduced into the plate on the one hand and the moisture in the plate on the other hand, a water vapor pressure gradient is formed in the plate.
  • the heat energy required for curing the middle layer is in the plate via the so-called steam pulse brought in.
  • the outer press plates are heated, for example, to 200 ° Celsius.
  • the water glue water
  • the boiling point 100 ° C
  • This steam shoots vertically from both sides of the plate towards the center of the plate due to the water vapor pressure drop. This process is called steam shock.
  • the temperature difference is for example 75 ° C
  • the vapor condenses in the still cool middle layer. It releases heat of condensation, which raises the temperature in the middle layer.
  • the chemical curing reactions in the middle layer are faster and it takes less time for the binder to harden, resulting in a shorter press time.
  • This steam jet principle is used in the production of numerous wood-based molded parts, for example in the production of chipboard, MDF, OSB, etc.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for producing a wood-based molded article with the aid of which the pressing time can be shortened without the above-described disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the inventive method is characterized in that prior to the heat transfer in the form of a steam surge in the pressure chamber prevailing process air pressure is increased relative to the prevailing outside the baling chamber atmospheric air pressure, but without the wood-based molded part moisture, especially in the form of water vapor, supply.
  • a basic idea of the invention is, first of all, to stop pursuing the steam injection technique leading to a technological dead end, in which hot steam is forced under pressure into the molded part. Instead, there is a return to the original steam shock technique, in which the steam pulse is automatically on reaching the boiling point.
  • the steam injection technique is inventively improved by the fact that during the pressing process, at least in the baling chamber of the press, the air pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure of the environment. In other words, the pressing takes place under overpressure, e.g. at 1.5 bar. At such an overpressure, the water evaporates at higher temperatures, for example at 110 ° C.
  • the shot of steam is still automatic, but this time at a higher temperature. In comparison with a running under atmospheric pressure process, the shot of steam may take place at a somewhat later date, but with a correspondingly higher energy content corresponding to the higher boiling temperature.
  • the invention utilizes the dependence of boiling temperature and boiling pressure on each other.
  • 0.5 bar 500 hPa is an increase in Boiling temperature of the water from 100 ° C to about 110 ° C reached.
  • This increases the energy content of the water vapor compared to a process occurring at atmospheric pressure.
  • RTA rule van't-Hoff rule
  • the present invention is based on the consideration of the reaction rate of the curing reactions of the binder To increase that with an equal amount of water vapor we transfer more heat energy. As a result, without the disadvantages of increased internal pressure, a high process temperature can be achieved.
  • the resulting water vapor is the moisture content of the air, which - provided that no dry air is used as a process atmosphere - already contained in the air, as well as the water vapor, which has its origin in the glue water of the outer layers. So is "normal" air used as a process atmosphere, then correspond to the partial pressure conditions in the compression chamber or in the pressure chamber until the time of the steam surge substantially the partial pressure conditions outside the compression chamber or the pressure chamber.
  • the steam pulse results from the water vapor contained in the moist air and from the water vapor, which has its origin in the glue water of the outer layers, as well as from the additionally introduced superheated steam.
  • the introduction of superheated steam is dispensed with.
  • the shot of steam which results when the (elevated) boiling temperature of 110 ° C, for example, contains significantly less moisture and at the same time a higher heat energy, which leads to the above-mentioned advantages.
  • a pressure chamber is provided in which the desired overpressure prevails. Under the atmospheric air pressure is then the pressure prevailing outside of the pressure chamber in the atmosphere, caused by the weight of the air pressure to understand.
  • process air pressure is to be understood the air pressure of the environment in which the pressing takes place. Since the pressing always takes place in a compression space, for example in the press nip arranged between press plates or belts, the process air pressure is in other words the (at least) prevailing in the compression chamber air pressure to which the wood-based molded part to be produced is exposed.
  • the pressing chamber in particular in the form of the press nip, designed to achieve the desired overpressure as a substantially closed pressure chamber.
  • a pressure chamber is provided which encloses adjacent to the actual pressing chamber further parts of the press.
  • the press has a pressure chamber completely surrounding it; the entire press is then inside the pressure chamber.
  • the press has suitable technical devices which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and therefore do not have to be listed in detail here.
  • devices for sealing the press nip are provided, for example, laterally mounted sealing rings, pressure devices, etc.
  • discontinuous working Presses such as single or multi-stage batch presses, are capable of providing lateral sealing surfaces that seal all four sides when the press is closed.
  • a device for generating an overpressure is to be provided. It may be an overpressure container that provides an overpressure of, for example, 0.5 to 10 bar. For this an overpressure can be fed into the pressure chamber via pressure lines.
  • the boiling point of the water can be set to eg 110 ° C to 150 ° C.
  • the inventive method can be used in the production of numerous wood-based molded parts, such as in the production of particleboard, MDF, HDF, OSB, etc. It can be in the wood-based molded parts to individual parts or continuously running through the press Endlosteil , The method can be used both on discontinuous, as well as on continuously operating presses, for example on single or multi-day presses, double belt presses, etc.
  • the wood-base material is chips, fibers, stalls, etc.
  • the heat-curable binder may be, for example, urea, melamine or phenolic resins or mixtures thereof or mixtures of these resins with polymeric diisocyanates (PMDI) or with natural binders, such as tannin and / or lignin resins are used.
  • FIGURE shows a schematic representation of the present invention with reference to a discontinuous Amsterdamtagenpresse 1 with Preßplatten 2 for producing a chipboard.
  • a chipboard 3 wood, wood residues, wood moldings, etc. are first machined in a first process step, ie, the desired optimum chip shape is produced by suitable comminution methods using knife ring chippers, long wood chippers, etc.
  • the chips thus produced are dried until final moisture in the range of 0.5 - 2% are reached. Subsequently, the chips are fractionated, ie divided into sieve fractions.
  • the fourth step of the process involves the scattering of the glued chips by means of wind or throw scattering, by means of which a so-called “chip mat” 4 or a “chip mat” is produced.
  • the smaller and finer cover shavings are arranged at the top and bottom, while the coarser middle shavings are predominantly found in the center of the chip mat 4.
  • the glued chip mat 4 is now fed to the press 1, in which by simultaneous action of heat and pressure compressing the chip mat 4 to the final desired chipboard thickness takes place with simultaneous curing of the thermosetting binder.
  • the chemical reactivities of the binders used in the top and middle layer must be matched to the requirements of the compression reactions.
  • the moisture balance of the chipboard just emerging must be sized so that an optimal curing reaction in the top and middle layer can be done and the chipboard 3 is not in the moment when they leave the press 1 and the external pressing pressure thus eliminated, by too high delaminated internal vapor pressure, ie bursts.
  • the duration of the pressing time is primarily influenced by how fast the binder hardens. This is where the invention begins.
  • the chip mat 4 is fed to the press 1, whose press nip 5 is formed as a pressure chamber.
  • the press nip 5 is connected via pressure lines 6 with a pressure vessel 7, by means of which after the introduction of the chip mat 4 and the closing of the press nip 5 by suitable seals (not shown) an overpressure of 1.5 bar in the nip 5 is generated.
  • Moisture in particular in the form of water vapor, is not fed to the press nip 5 or the chip mat 4.
  • By increasing the process air pressure there is an increase in the boiling temperature within the nip 5.
  • the water vapor produced at 110 ° C carries a much higher energy content, with the result that with the steam shot also significantly more condensation heat in the middle layer the chip mat 4 arrives.
  • the pressing time can be significantly shortened or the feed rate of the press 1 can be significantly increased without the risk that the particle board 3 delaminated when extending from the press 1.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procedede fabrication d'un objet preforme en
    un materiau à base de bois (3) par utilisation d'un 5 materiau de base constitue d'un materiau à base de bois
    et d'un liant thermodurcissable par compression, un transfert de chaleur etant realise, pour le durcissement du liant, dans l'objet preforme en un materiau à base de bois, sous la forme d'un choc de vapeur, caracterise en ce que, avant le transfert de chaleur sous forme d'un choc de vapeur, la pression de l'air de processus régnant dans la chambre de pressage (5) est augmentee par rapport à la pression de l'air atmospherique régnant à l'extdrieur de la chambre de pressage (5), sans pour autant amener d'humidité à l'objet preforme en un materiau à base de bois, en particulier sous forme de vapeur d'eau.
  2. Procede selon la revendication 1, caracterise en ce que les rapports de pression partielle dans la chambre de pressage (5) jusqu'au moment du choc de vapeur correspondent sensiblement aux rapports de pression partielle à l'exterieur de la chambre de pressage (5).
  3. Procede selon la revendication 1, caracterise
    en ce que la pression d'air de processus se situe 5 au moins 0,5 bar au-dessus de la pression de l'air atmospherique.
EP09757262A 2008-06-02 2009-06-02 Procédé de fabrication d'un objet préformé en un matériau à base de bois Not-in-force EP2293908B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09757262T PL2293908T3 (pl) 2008-06-02 2009-06-02 Sposób wytwarzania kształtki z tworzywa drzewnego

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008026258A DE102008026258A1 (de) 2008-06-02 2008-06-02 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Holzwerksoff-Formteiles
PCT/EP2009/003919 WO2009146879A1 (fr) 2008-06-02 2009-06-02 Procédé de fabrication d'un objet préformé en un matériau à base de bois

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2293908A1 EP2293908A1 (fr) 2011-03-16
EP2293908B1 true EP2293908B1 (fr) 2012-10-24

Family

ID=41077588

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09757262A Not-in-force EP2293908B1 (fr) 2008-06-02 2009-06-02 Procédé de fabrication d'un objet préformé en un matériau à base de bois

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20110089616A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2293908B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2726900A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008026258A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2398055T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2293908T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2496636C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009146879A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012001293B4 (de) 2012-01-25 2024-10-02 Pfleiderer Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Presse zur Herstellung eines Holzwerkstoff-Formteils
DE202013012197U1 (de) 2012-01-25 2016-01-12 Kurt Nonninger Presse für die Herstellung eines Holzwerkstoff-Formteils

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1075140A (fr) * 1976-09-23 1980-04-08 Donald W. Nyberg Appareil pour la fabrication de panneaux d'agglomeres
DE3233241A1 (de) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-28 Günter Hans 1000 Berlin Kiss Verfahren zum pressen von formteilen aus bindemittelhaltigen organischen fasermatten und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4409170A (en) * 1981-12-31 1983-10-11 John Jansky Production of composite products by consolidation using pressure and convection heating
DK0443053T3 (da) * 1990-02-20 1993-11-22 Werzalit Ag & Co Fremgangsmåde og anordning til fremstilling af formdele
RU2005064C1 (ru) * 1991-12-29 1993-12-30 Михаил Васильевич Бирюков Способ изготовлени листовых и брусковых прессованных деталей
RU1819214C (ru) * 1992-01-27 1993-05-30 Научно-технологический центр "Технокор" Способ изготовлени древесных пластиков
JP3050156B2 (ja) * 1996-05-31 2000-06-12 ヤマハ株式会社 木質板の製法
DE19957265A1 (de) * 1999-11-28 2001-05-31 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren und Dampfpresse zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE10361837B4 (de) * 2003-10-10 2009-09-03 Walter, Karl, Dr. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Platten, Balken, Profilen oder ähnlichem aus Matten von Spänen und/oder Fasern
RU2245783C1 (ru) * 2004-03-03 2005-02-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Коми лесная компания" (ООО "Коми лесная компания") Древесная плита и способ её изготовления (варианты)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2010153585A (ru) 2012-07-20
CA2726900A1 (fr) 2009-12-10
DE102008026258A1 (de) 2009-12-03
US20110089616A1 (en) 2011-04-21
PL2293908T3 (pl) 2013-05-31
WO2009146879A1 (fr) 2009-12-10
EP2293908A1 (fr) 2011-03-16
ES2398055T3 (es) 2013-03-13
RU2496636C2 (ru) 2013-10-27

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