EP2294663A1 - Bougie d'allumage avec capteur de pression - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage avec capteur de pression

Info

Publication number
EP2294663A1
EP2294663A1 EP09771894A EP09771894A EP2294663A1 EP 2294663 A1 EP2294663 A1 EP 2294663A1 EP 09771894 A EP09771894 A EP 09771894A EP 09771894 A EP09771894 A EP 09771894A EP 2294663 A1 EP2294663 A1 EP 2294663A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
ceramic body
housing
plug according
pressure sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09771894A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Glaser
Gernot Leuprecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kistler Holding AG
Original Assignee
Kistler Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kistler Holding AG filed Critical Kistler Holding AG
Publication of EP2294663A1 publication Critical patent/EP2294663A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
    • G01L23/222—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines using piezoelectric devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug in the basic structure for internal combustion engines comprising a metallic housing with ground electrode arranged at the front and a thread with a rear sealing surface for installation in the internal combustion engine, a pressure sensor arranged laterally in the housing for determining a combustion chamber pressure, arranged next to the pressure sensor in the housing electrical insulator acting ceramic body with a center electrode, wherein the ceramic body, viewed from the combustion chamber ago, front clamping shoulder and a rear stop for clamping the ceramic body in the housing.
  • spark plugs are already known in order to accommodate the pressure sensor in addition to the ceramic body in the housing, the ceramic body in the front region of the thread has a reduced outer diameter.
  • This has the disadvantage, on the one hand, that the point of the taper is a very weak position of the ceramic body, which is exposed to a high risk of breakage under mechanical stress.
  • the wall thickness of the ceramic body is reduced by the reduced outer diameter, which leads to a high risk of breakdown at an electrical load by ignition.
  • Such spark plugs are insufficient for use.
  • the ceramic body Since the sensor must be accommodated next to the ceramic body, but the thread size is given, the ceramic body must be designed smaller in this area and also move back from the center on the side. A displacement of the axis of the ceramic body is unfavorable because of the changed ignition conditions in the combustion chamber. The closer the ceramic body comes to the center, the thinner it must therefore be designed in the aforementioned front area.
  • the ceramic body is also exposed to high mechanical stresses during assembly in the engine and during use. For example, a lateral force on the rearward connection of the spark plug, caused by a mechanic's action or strong vibration during use, may cause the ceramic body to break in the area of the thread between the rear sealing surface and the front gripping shoulder. This area is particularly endangered because it must be made thin in the threaded area and is clamped between clamping shoulder and stop.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a spark plug in the basic structure of the type described above, which has an increased mechanical strength with simultaneous displacement of the ceramic body in the direction of the central axis of the housing.
  • the object is solved by the characteristics of the independent patent claim.
  • the idea underlying the invention is that the outer diameter of the ceramic body in the region of the thread between the rear sealing surface of the housing gradually decreases to the front clamping shoulder of the ceramic body. Due to the fact that the ceramic body does not extend in a cylindrical manner in this area like other ceramic bodies from the prior art, valuable space is additionally available in the front area for arranging the sensor.
  • the insulation thickness of the ceramic body can be optimally adapted to the structural conditions at any point. This means that in the rear area a central recess for a suppression resistor can be arranged, wherein the required wall thickness of the ceramic body for the dielectric strength can still be met.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation in section of a spark plug according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration in section of a spark plug according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 various inventive outer contours between the front gripping shoulder and the rear stop.
  • the spark plug 1 shows in a schematic representation in section a spark plug 1 for internal combustion engines according to the prior art.
  • the combustion chamber 19 is located on the right in the picture.
  • the spark plug 1 comprises a metallic housing 2 with a ground electrode 3 arranged at the front, aligned with the combustion chamber 19. Laterally in the housing 2, a pressure sensor 4 for determining a combustion chamber pressure is arranged with a sensor plug 5.
  • Other constructions in which no plug is integrated, are also known. These usually have the disadvantage that a sensor cable protrudes from the spark plug. When installing the spark plug, it must not be damaged. The disadvantage is that the cable can not be replaced individually.
  • a ceramic body ⁇ which acts as an electrical insulator for a center electrode 7, which extends centrally through this ceramic body 6.
  • the ceramic body 6 has, viewed from the combustion chamber ago, front clamping shoulder 8 and a rear stop 9. These serve to clamp the ceramic body 6 in the housing 2 by means of a screw 10.
  • the ceramic body 6 In the foremost region of the ceramic body ⁇ , in front of the clamping shoulder 8, the ceramic body 6 is generally conical or similar sloping. This range determines the calorific value of the spark plug and is irrelevant to the present invention.
  • a thread 21 is attached to the housing with a sealing surface 18 to the engine.
  • the ceramic body 6 may be arranged with an axis 14 of the center electrode 7 away from an axis 15 of the spark plug 1 displaced by a distance A in the housing 2. This results in one side of the housing 2 additional space in which the pressure sensor 4 can be accommodated.
  • a disadvantage of such a spark plug 1 according to FIG. 1 is the thinness of the ceramic in the part of the ceramic body 6 between the front clamping shoulder 8 and the shoulder 20, and the associated susceptibility to breakage of the ceramic body with tangential force in the region of the terminal 17, as a consequence of the reduced Outside diameter D ⁇ , because the pressure sensor 4 and / or the necessary contact must be located next to it.
  • the thinness also increases the risk of breakdown. The risk of breakage is particularly increased when the ceramic body protrudes from the back of the housing.
  • a major disadvantage of such a spark plug 1 according to Fig. 1 is the high risk of breakage in paragraph 20. In strong vibrations, this point is exposed to high loads. Even a small hairline crack increases the risk of breakdown at this point massive.
  • the distance A causes the ignition in the combustion chamber 19 does not take place at the point where ignition of a spark plug takes place, which does not include a pressure sensor 4. Thus, no normal situation is reproduced with this spark plug 1 of FIG.
  • the ceramic body 6 in turn has a front gripping shoulder 8 and a rear stop 9, by means of which the ceramic body 6 can be clamped in the housing 2 by means of a screw connection 10.
  • no sensor plug 5 may alternatively be attached to the housing 2, whereby only a cable guide leads out of the housing 2.
  • the senor is installed in the front region of the spark plug, preferably on the front side of the combustion chamber. This is a constructional challenge especially if the thread is an M 14 thread or smaller. In contrast to the prior art makes this inventions to the invention embodiment the outside diameter D ⁇ of the ceramic body 6 distributed over a wide range from 11.
  • FIG. 3 various outer contours of a ceramic body according to the invention are indicated in region B.
  • the outer contour in the entire region B is parabolic, whereby the sloping region 11 makes up the entire area B.
  • This outer contour leads to the best bending strength of the ceramic body 6.
  • FIG. 2 likewise shows such a parabolic external contour.
  • FIG. 3b and 3c A conical outer contour is shown in Fig. 3b and 3c, wherein the sloping portion 11 in Fig. 3b makes up the entire area B, in Fig. 3c but only about half of the area B.
  • Fig. 3d, 3ed and 3f comprises sloping region 11 likewise only about half of the region B, wherein the waste runs here in two stages (FIG. 3d, e) or in several stages (FIG. 3f), between which the outer contour can run cylindrically.
  • the steps can begin and / or end in an edged or rounded manner and they can run conically as in FIG. 3d or perpendicular to the axis 14, as in FIG. 3e. Combinations of the mentioned features are also possible.
  • the area 11 should make up at least 70-90% of the area B.
  • the suboptimal solutions solutions according to design only slightly worse and also take the inventive concept, according to which a gradual reduction of the diameter from the rear in the area of the thread in the direction of front clamping shoulder 8 maximizes the breaking strength with optimized space requirements for a sensor and the least possible deviation of the ceramic body from the center out ,
  • the outer diameter extends, as it were, further gradually up to the rear stop 9.
  • the inventive embodiment prevents, as in the prior art, where only a single paragraph of the outer diameter D ⁇ is present, the total diameter reduction takes place in a very small area, which firstly reduces the strength of the ceramic body and secondly the strike-through risk at high Tensions increased.
  • the basic structure can be equipped with such an insulating sleeve 12 with selectable outer diameter D 1 .
  • the attached onto the spark plug 1 spark plug caps must be good enclose the insulation sleeves 12 with IH ren rubber flaps so that again a 'pass-through is prevented.
  • the inventive spark plugs 1 can be fed with ignition voltages of more than 3OkV, without having to be expected with a breakdown.
  • a suppression resistor 13 can also be installed, which in a conventional arrangement according to State of the art can only be accommodated unfavorably.
  • the space inside the ceramic body ⁇ is created by the slow decrease of the outside diameter D K of the ceramic body 6 in said area 11, whereby no loss of insulation has to be accepted.
  • the space in the interior of the ceramic body 6 can preferably be created at its thickest point, so that the minimum wall thickness, which is decisive for the dielectric strength, is maximum.
  • the ceramic body 6 can generally be moved back into the center of the spark plug 1 so far that the axis 14 of the center electrode 7 is spaced no more than 1 mm from the axis 15 of the spark plug 1.
  • ignition with the inventive spark plug 1 with pressure sensor 4 can take place very close to the point at which ignition would normally take place with a spark plug without a pressure sensor.
  • the sensor plug 5 is a particular challenge for housing in the housing 2. Spark plugs with pressure sensors but without sensor plug are also known. In these models, a sensor cable runs directly out of the housing from the pressure sensor and is connected to an evaluation unit outside. These models have fewer problems because they do not have to accommodate a plug. A disadvantage of this arrangement is that while the sensor cable can not be replaced.
  • the design of a spark plug 1 according to the invention can be in particular with or without sensor plug 5.
  • Another challenge is the type of pressure sensor.
  • optical and piezoelectric pressure sensors can be used.
  • Optical pressure sensors are smaller and therefore easier to store in a spark plug.
  • Piezoelectric pressure sensors are larger, and therefore more difficult to accommodate but very well known in terms of their behavior.
  • the insulating body is replaceably mounted in the housing, because the sensor usually has a longer life than the spark plug. So the sensor can be used again.
  • a contact 16 extends, by means of which the determined data can be transmitted.
  • the contact 16 comprises only one measuring line, while the ground line extends over the metallic housing 2.
  • the measuring line must be highly insulated for this purpose. Conventional contacting with two measuring leads is also possible.
  • the contact 16 is connected eccentrically to the sensor plug 5. This space can be saved again, since the sensor plug 5 can be housed behind a housing paragraph 18, where the housing has a larger outer diameter than in front of this housing paragraph 18. By an eccentric attachment of the contact 16 to the sensor plug 5, the sensor plug 5 further on the outside Housing 2 are attached. As a result, the ceramic body 6 at this point in turn have a larger outer diameter D ⁇ .
  • the off-center attachment to the sensor connector 5 is advantageous because a substantially straight contact can be realized without a crank in the contact 16 must be present.
  • This compound can be designed stiff and preferably pluggable. Advantages of such an For example, they are in their high resonance frequency. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie d'allumage dans sa construction de base pour moteurs à combustion interne, comprenant un carter métallique (2) avec une électrode de masse (3) disposée frontalement et un filetage (21) avec une surface d'étanchéité postérieure (18), pour le montage dans le moteur à combustion interne. En particulier, la bougie d'allumage comprend un capteur de pression (4), disposé latéralement dans le carter (2), afin de déterminer une pression dans la chambre de combustion, ainsi qu'un corps en céramique (6) disposé à côté du capteur de pression (4) dans le carter (2) et servant d'isolateur électrique, avec une électrode centrale (7). Vu depuis la chambre de combustion (19), le corps en céramique (6) possède un épaulement antérieur de fixation (8) ainsi qu'une butée postérieure (9) pour la fixation du corps en céramique (6) dans le carter (2). Selon l'invention, le diamètre extérieur DK du corps en céramique (6) diminue graduellement dans la partie (B) du filetage (21) qui se situe entre la surface d'étanchéité postérieure (18) et l'épaulement antérieur de fixation (8).
EP09771894A 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Bougie d'allumage avec capteur de pression Withdrawn EP2294663A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01035/08A CH699078A1 (de) 2008-07-02 2008-07-02 Zündkerze im Grundaufbau mit Drucksensor.
PCT/CH2009/000230 WO2010000087A1 (fr) 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Bougie d'allumage avec capteur de pression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2294663A1 true EP2294663A1 (fr) 2011-03-16

Family

ID=39768963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09771894A Withdrawn EP2294663A1 (fr) 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Bougie d'allumage avec capteur de pression

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110101844A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2294663A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2011526406A (fr)
CH (1) CH699078A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010000087A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2765487A1 (fr) 2009-07-06 2011-01-13 Solvay Sa Procede pour la fabrication de precurseurs halogenes d'alcenones sous des conditions specifiques
WO2011003860A1 (fr) 2009-07-06 2011-01-13 Solvay Sa Procédé de fabrication d'alcénones
EP2808665B1 (fr) * 2013-05-28 2019-02-20 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Bouchon de mesure
DE102013022497B3 (de) 2013-08-27 2018-06-14 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Vorkammerzündkerze mit Drucksensor für eine mit Gas betriebene Brennkraftmaschine
DE102013109278B4 (de) * 2013-08-27 2017-12-07 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze für eine mit Gas betriebene Brennkraftmaschine
EP3112830B1 (fr) 2015-07-01 2018-08-22 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Capteur de température et procédé de production associé
CN110226033A (zh) * 2016-11-22 2019-09-10 Ic有限责任公司 火花塞燃烧电离传感器
US10428716B2 (en) 2016-12-20 2019-10-01 Sensata Technologies, Inc. High-temperature exhaust sensor
EP3358686A1 (fr) 2017-02-01 2018-08-08 Kistler Holding AG Bougie et méthode de fabrication
US10502641B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2019-12-10 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Floating conductor housing
CN112282938B (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-05-28 上海尚实能源科技有限公司 一种燃气涡轮发动机的中心体组件

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DE1219712B (de) * 1962-10-27 1966-06-23 Hans List Dipl Ing Dr Techn Zuendkerzenadapter zur Druckmessung an Brennkraftmaschinen
US3348091A (en) * 1965-04-12 1967-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Spark plug seal having a lower coefficient of expansion than the ceramic insulator core
JPH023272Y2 (fr) * 1985-07-26 1990-01-25
JPH03216983A (ja) * 1990-01-22 1991-09-24 Nippondenso Co Ltd 圧力検出器付点火プラグ
JPH0632253B2 (ja) * 1990-11-14 1994-04-27 シュー、チン・シン 組立式点火プラグ
JP3806448B2 (ja) * 1993-02-03 2006-08-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
AT402116B (de) * 1994-12-19 1997-02-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Zündkerze mit einem kraftmesselement zur messung des an der zündkerze anliegenden druckes
JPH09260024A (ja) * 1996-03-26 1997-10-03 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd 圧力センサ内蔵スパークプラグ
AT407577B (de) * 1999-08-05 2001-04-25 Avl List Gmbh Zündkerze mit einer druckmesseinrichtung
FR2797721B1 (fr) * 1999-08-18 2001-10-19 Daniel Drecq Bougie d'allumage equipee d'un capteur de pression, et moteur thermique equipe de telles bougies
DE10035536C2 (de) * 2000-07-21 2003-06-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zündkerze zur Aufnahme eines Drucksensors und zugehöriger Zündkerzenstecker

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2010000087A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2011526406A (ja) 2011-10-06
CH699078A1 (de) 2010-01-15
WO2010000087A1 (fr) 2010-01-07
US20110101844A1 (en) 2011-05-05

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