EP2323506B2 - Appareil et procédé associé pour former un composant de filtre d un article à fumer et articles à fumer qui en sont constitués - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé associé pour former un composant de filtre d un article à fumer et articles à fumer qui en sont constitués Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2323506B2
EP2323506B2 EP09751566.2A EP09751566A EP2323506B2 EP 2323506 B2 EP2323506 B2 EP 2323506B2 EP 09751566 A EP09751566 A EP 09751566A EP 2323506 B2 EP2323506 B2 EP 2323506B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adsorbent material
adsorbent
filter
rod
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP09751566.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2323506B1 (fr
EP2323506A2 (fr
Inventor
Norman Philip Andresen
Michael Francis Dube
Barbara Walker Arzonico
Ronald Keith Hutchens
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RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
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RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
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Priority claimed from US12/124,874 external-priority patent/US8375958B2/en
Priority claimed from US12/124,891 external-priority patent/US8079369B2/en
Priority claimed from US12/392,725 external-priority patent/US8613284B2/en
Application filed by RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co filed Critical RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
Priority to EP12181299.4A priority Critical patent/EP2537427B1/fr
Publication of EP2323506A2 publication Critical patent/EP2323506A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2323506B1 publication Critical patent/EP2323506B1/fr
Publication of EP2323506B2 publication Critical patent/EP2323506B2/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
    • A24D3/0216—Applying additives to filter materials the additive being in the form of capsules, beads or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
    • A24D3/0225—Applying additives to filter materials with solid additives, e.g. incorporation of a granular product
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/061—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters containing additives entrapped within capsules, sponge-like material or the like, for further release upon smoking
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
    • A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES OF CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter tips or filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces of cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A24D3/163—Carbon

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the formation of tobacco products, such as smoking articles (e.g., cigarettes), and more particularly, to apparatuses and associated methods for inserting an adsorbent material into a cigarette filter.
  • smoking articles e.g., cigarettes
  • smokable material such as shredded tobacco (e.g., in cut filler form), surrounded by a paper wrapper, thereby forming a so-called “smokable rod” or "tobacco rod.”
  • a cigarette has a cylindrical filter element aligned in an end-to-end relationship with the tobacco rod.
  • a filter element comprises plasticized cellulose acetate tow circumscribed by a paper material known as "plug wrap.”
  • Certain filter elements can incorporate polyhydric alcohols.
  • the filter element is attached to one end of the tobacco rod using a circumscribing wrapping material known as "tipping paper.”
  • tipping paper a circumscribing wrapping material
  • Certain cigarettes incorporate filter elements having adsorbent materials dispersed therein, such as activated carbon or charcoal materials (collectively, carbonaceous materials) in particulate or granular form (i.e., powder).
  • adsorbent materials such as activated carbon or charcoal materials (collectively, carbonaceous materials) in particulate or granular form (i.e., powder).
  • an exemplary cigarette filter can possess multiple segments, and at least one of those segments can comprise particles of high carbon-content materials.
  • filters incorporating charcoal particles or activated carbon types of materials are set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,881,770 to Touey ; 3,101,723 to Seligman et al. ; 3,236,244 to Irby et al. ; 3,311,519 to Touey et al.
  • such carbonaceous material types are typically in the form of particles or granules when incorporated into the filter elements.
  • granules of carbonaceous material can be incorporated into "dalmation” types of filter regions using the general types of techniques used for traditional dalmation filter manufacture. Techniques for production of dalmation filters are known, and representative dalmation filters have been provided commercially by Filtrona Greensboro Inc.
  • granules of carbonaceous material can be incorporated into "cavity” types of filter regions using the general types of techniques used for traditional "cavity” filter manufacture.
  • the continuous supply of filter material is formed, for example, by a rod-forming unit into a continuous cylindrical rod member.
  • the carrier material carrying the adsorbent material is inserted by an insertion unit into the rod member.
  • the continuous rod may then be subdivided at predetermined intervals by a rod-dividing unit so as to form a plurality of filter rods or rod portions or filter elements such that each rod portion includes at least a portion of the adsorbent material.
  • a method of forming a cigarette filter rod member comprises forming a continuous supply of a filter material into a continuous cylindrical rod member, and inserting an adsorbent material carried by a carrier material into the rod member such that the adsorbent material is disposed within the rod member.
  • Such a method may further comprise dividing the rod member into a plurality of rod portions along the longitudinal axis thereof such that each rod portion includes at least a portion of the adsorbent material.
  • a cigarette filter can comprise at least one filter segment having one or more composite fiber structures imbedded therein, the composite fiberstructure comprising a carrier fiber and an adsorbent fiber (e.g., a carbonaceous fiber), the adsorbent fiber comprising an adsorbent material.
  • adsorbent fiber e.g., a carbonaceous fiber
  • Exemplary carbonaceous fibers can be prepared by carbonization of a precursor fiber, such as phenolic fibers, cellulosic fibers, rayon fibers, acrylic fibers, and pitch fibers.
  • the filter comprises one or more segments of fibrous tow material, such as cellulose acetate tow.
  • the composite fiber structure can comprise multiple carrier fibers or multiple adsorbent fibers.
  • One or both of the carrier fiber and adsorbent fiber can be in the form of a yarn.
  • the entire composite fiber structure can also be in the form of a yarn.
  • the carrier fiber acts as a carrier for the adsorbent fiber, such as by enwrapping the adsorbent fiber around the carrier fiber.
  • the additive can be carried by, or associated with, the degradable fiber using a variety of techniques, such as by absorption of the additive into the fiber structure, coating of the additive onto the fiber structure, adherence of a solid additive onto the surface of the fiber, or wrapping of an additive in the form of a fiber (e.g., a carbonaceous fiber) around the degradable fiber.
  • a fiber e.g., a carbonaceous fiber
  • Embodiments of the present invention thus provide significant advantages as disclosed herein in further detail.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a smoking article 10 in the form of a cigarette and possessing certain representative components of a smoking article produced or formed by the present invention.
  • the cigarette 10 includes a generally cylindrical rod 12 of a charge or roll of smokable filler material contained in a circumscribing wrapping material 16.
  • the rod 12 is conventionally referred to as a "tobacco rod.”
  • the ends of the tobacco rod 12 are open to expose the smokable filler material.
  • the cigarette 10 is shown as having one optional band 22 (e.g., a printed coating including a film-forming agent, such as starch, ethylcellulose, or sodium alginate) applied to the wrapping material 16 , and that band circumscribes the cigarette rod in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cigarette. That is, the band 22 provides a cross-directional region relative to the longitudinal axis of the cigarette.
  • the band 22 can be printed on the inner surface of the wrapping material (i.e., facing the smokable filler material), or less preferably, on the outer surface of the wrapping material.
  • the cigarette can possess a wrapping material having one optional band, the cigarette also can possess wrapping material having further optional spaced bands numbering two, three, or more.
  • At one end of the tobacco rod 12 is the lighting end 18, and at the mouth end 20 is positioned a filter element 26.
  • the filter element 26 positioned adjacent one end of the tobacco rod 12 such that the filter element and tobacco rod are axially aligned in an end-to-end relationship, preferably abutting one another.
  • Filter element 26 may have a generally cylindrical shape, and the diameter thereof may be essentially equal to the diameter of the tobacco rod. The ends of the filter element 26 permit the passage of air and smoke therethrough.
  • the adsorbent material 50 had been inserted while in a loose particulate form, such as a powder or slurry. Further, within the filter material 40 of the first segment may also be optionally dispersed a plurality of particles 52 or otherwise breakable or rupturable capsules comprising a flavoring agent.
  • a carbonaceous material is used as the adsorbent material 50 , at least a portion of the carbonaceous material, and typically virtually all of the carbonaceous material, is in intimate contact with an effective amount of a mixture of polyol ester (e.g., triacetin) and polyol (e.g., propylene glycol).
  • the filter element also can be incorporate other components that have the ability to alter the properties of the mainstream smoke that passes throughout the filter element. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Application Publication Nos. 2004/0237984 to Figlar et al. ; 2005/0268925 to Schluter et al .; 2006/0130861 to Luan et al. ; and 2006/0174899 to Luan et al. .
  • the filter element 26 is circumscribed along its outer circumference or longitudinal periphery by a layer of outer plug wrap 28.
  • the outer plug wrap 28 overlies each of the first filter segment 32 and the second filter segment 36, so as to provide a combined, two-segment filter element.
  • the filter element 26 is attached to the tobacco rod 12 using tipping material 46 (e.g., essentially air impermeable tipping paper), that circumscribes both the entire length of the filter element 26 and an adjacent region of the tobacco rod 12.
  • tipping material 46 e.g., essentially air impermeable tipping paper
  • the inner surface of the tipping material 46 is fixedly secured to the outer surface of the plug wrap 28 and the outer surface of the wrapping material 16 of the tobacco rod, using a suitable adhesive; and hence, the filter element and the tobacco rod are connected to one another. See also the tipping materials and configurations set forth in U.S. Pat. Publication No. 2008/0029111 to Dube et al. .
  • a ventilated or air diluted smoking article can be provided with an optional air dilution mechanisms, such as a series of perforations 30, each of which extend through the tipping material and plug wrap.
  • the optional perforations 30, shown in FIG. 1 can be made by various techniques known to those of ordinary skill In the art, such as laser perforation techniques.
  • so-called off-line air dilution techniques can be used (e.g., through the use of porous paper plug wrap and pre-perforated tipping paper).
  • the amount or degree of air dilution or ventilation can vary.
  • the amount of air dilution for an air diluted cigarette is greater than about 10 percent, generally is greater than about 20 percent, often is greater than about 30 percent, and sometimes is greater than about 40 percent.
  • the upper level for air dilution for an air diluted cigarette is less than about 80 percent, and often is less than about 70 percent.
  • air dilution is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the volume of air drawn through the air dilution means to the total volume and air and smoke drawn through the cigarette and exiting the extreme mouth end portion of the cigarette.
  • the smoker lights the lighting end 18 of the cigarette 10 using a match or cigarette lighter.
  • the smokable material 12 begins to burn.
  • the mouth end 20 of the cigarette 10 is placed in the lips of the smoker.
  • Thermal decomposition products e.g., components of tobacco smoke
  • Thermal decomposition products generated by the burning smokable material 12 are drawn through the cigarette 10, through the filter element 26, and into the mouth of the smoker.
  • certain amount of certain gaseouscomponentsofthe mainstream smoke are removed from the mainstream smoke or neutralized by the adsorbent material 50 within the filter element 26.
  • Filters incorporating such adsorbent material 50 have the capability of capturing a wide range of mainstream tobacco smoke vapor phase components. If desired, prior to, during or after the smoking experience, the smoker can optionally squeeze the filter element. As a result, at least a portion of the optional breakable capsules that remain unbroken can be broken, and hence release the particles 52 of flavoring agent contained therein.
  • carbonaceous filter components e.g., activated charcoal particles
  • a representative cigarette 10 can vary.
  • Preferred cigarettes are rod shaped, and can have diameters of about 7.5 mm (e.g., circumferences of about 20 mm to about 27 mm, often about 22.5 mm to about 25 mm); and can have total lengths of about 70 mm to about 120 mm, often about 80 mm to about 100 mm.
  • the length of the filter element 30 can vary. Typical filter elements can have total lengths of about 15 mm to about 40 mm, often about 20 mm to about 35 mm.
  • the downstream or mouth end filter segment often has a length of about 10 mm to about 20 mm; and the upstream or tobacco rod end filter segment often has a length of about 10 mm to about 20 mm.
  • suitable catalytic compounds e.g., for the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, can be incorporated into one or more segments of the filter element 26.
  • exemplary catalysts include noble metals (e.g., silver, gold, platinum), metal oxides, ceramics, and mixtures thereof.
  • one filter element 26 that may be formed in accordance with the present invention comprises multiple, longitudinally-extending segments. Each segment can have varying properties and may include various materials capable of filtration or adsorption of particulate matter and/or vapor phase compounds from the mainstream smoke. Typically, the filter element of various aspects of the invention includes 2 to 6 segments, frequently 2 to 4 segments. In some instances, the filter element 26 may include a mouth end segment and a tobacco end segment, with the tobacco end segment comprising the dispersed adsorbent material 50 and flavoring agent 52.
  • the filter element may incorporate adsorbent material/particulate 50.
  • adsorbent material 50 may be a material with relatively high surface area capable of adsorbing smoke constituents without a high degree of specificity, or a material that adsorbs certain compounds with a greater degree of specificity, such as an ion exchange resin.
  • exemplary types of adsorbent material may include activated carbon, a molecular sieve (e.g., zeolites and carbon molecular sieves), clay, an ion exchange resin, activated alumina, silica gel, meerschaum, and combinations thereof. Any adsorbent material, or mixture of materials, that has the ability to alter the character or nature of mainstream smoke passing through the filter element may be used.
  • Exemplary ion exchange resins comprise a polymer backbone, such as styrenedivinylbenzene (DVB) copolymers, acrylates, methacrylates, phenol formaldehyde condensates, and epichlorohydrin amine condensates, and a plurality of eledrically charged functional groups attached to the polymer backbone, and can be a weak base anion exchange resin or a strong base anion exchange resin.
  • Commercially available embodiments of such resins include DIAION® ion-exchange resins available from Mitsubishi Chemical Corp.
  • DUOLITE® ion exchange resins available from Rohm and Haas (e.g., DUOLTTE® A7), and XOR-BEX resins available from Dalian Trico Chemical Co. of China.
  • a preferred adsorbent is a carbonaceous material, which is a material that is composed primarily of carbon, and preferred carbonaceous materials are composed of virtually all carbon.
  • carbonaceous materials comprise carbon in amounts of more than about 85 percent, generally more than about 90 percent, often more than about 95 percent, and frequently more than about 98 percent, by weight.
  • the carbonaceous material can have the form of charcoal, but most preferably is an activated carbon material.
  • Activated carbon materials are high surface area materials. Exemplary activated carbon materials have surface areas of more than about 200 m 2 /g, often more than about 1000 m 2 /g, and frequently more than about 1500 m 2 /g, as determined using the Brunaver, Emmet and Teller (BET) method described in J. Amer. Chem.
  • the filter element 26 may incorporate an effective amountof adsorbent material 50, such as an effective amount of activated carbon.
  • the effective amount is an amount that, when incorporated into the filter element 26, provides some desired degree of alteration of the mainstream smoke of a cigarette incorporating that filter element 26.
  • a cigarette filter element incorporating activated carbon particles or granules can act to lower the yield of certain gas phase components of the mainstream smoke passing through that filter element.
  • the amount of carbonaceous material or other adsorbent within the filter element is at least about 20 mg, often at least about 30 mg, and frequently at least about 40 mg, on a dryweight basis.
  • the amount of carbonaceous material or other adsorbent material 50 within the filter element does not exceed about 500 mg, generally does not exceed about 400 mg, often does not exceed about 300 mg, and frequently does not exceed about 200 mg, on a dry weight basis.
  • the carbonaceous materials can be derived from synthetic or natural sources. Materials such as rayon or nylon can be carbonized, followed by treatment with oxygen to provide activated carbonaceous materials. Materials such as wood and coconut shells can be carbonized, followed by treatment with oxygen to provide activated carbonaceous materials.
  • the level of activity of the carbon may vary. Typically, the carbon has an activity of about 60 to about 150 Carbon Tetrachloride Activity (i.e., weight percent pickup of carbon tetrachloride).
  • Preferred carbonaceous materials are coconut shell types of activated carbons available from sources such as Calgon Carbon Corporation, Gowrishankar Chemicals, Carbon Activated Corp. and General Carbon Corp. See, also, for example, Activated Carbon Compendium, Marsh (Ed.) (2001 ), which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Certain carbonaceous materials can be impregnated with substances, such as transition metals (e.g., silver, gold, copper, platinum, and palladium), nanoparticles, potassium bicarbonate, tobacco extracts, polyethyleneimine, manganese dioxide, eugenol, and 4-ketononanoic acid.
  • the carbon composition may also include one or more fillers, such as semolina.
  • Grape seed extracts may also be incorporated into the filter element 20 as a free radical scavenger.
  • Sintered or foamed carbon materials see, e.g., US Pat. No. 7,049,382 to Haftka et al.
  • gathered webs see, e.g., US Pat. Appl. Pub. Nos. US 2008/0092912 to Robinson et al. and US 2007/0056600 to Coleman, III et al.
  • one aspect of the present disclosure involves engaging the adsorbent material 50 with a carrier material 55 prior to insertion of the resulting assembly into the filter element 26 (or a continuous filter rod before longitudinal severance thereof to form multiple filter elements 26). Selection of a suitable carrier material 55 may facilitate, for example, improved production by more effectively and efficiently inserting the now "captive" adsorbent material 50 into the filter element 26.
  • the carrier material 55 may comprise a matrix material, such as, for example, a polymer material, which may be impregnated with the adsorbent material 50 (i.e., the adsorbent material 50 may be suspended in or otherwise held by the matrix material) such that the adsorbent material 50 may be carried with and by the matrix material into the filter element 26.
  • a matrix material such as, for example, a polymer material, which may be impregnated with the adsorbent material 50 (i.e., the adsorbent material 50 may be suspended in or otherwise held by the matrix material) such that the adsorbent material 50 may be carried with and by the matrix material into the filter element 26.
  • the adsorbent material 50 may engage, contact, or otherwise interact with the continuous elongate structure such that the adsorbent material 50 can be carried into the filter element 26 thereby.
  • the continuous strip may be lengthwise wrapped around the adsorbent material 50 so as to contain the adsorbent material 50 therein (i.e., similar to a "tube") for insertion into the filter element 26.
  • the insertion or incorporation of the carrier material 55 carrying the adsorbent material 50 into the filter element 26 may be accomplished in a "cleaner" and more consistent and efficient manner (i.e., since the adsorbent material 50 is held “captive"), as compared to directing a loose powdered adsorbent material 50, or slurry form thereof, into the filter elements 26 (i.e., less dust, spillage, overflow, contamination, cross-contamination, etc.).
  • Such benefits may, in turn, translate into, for instance, less maintenance, a faster process, higher efficiency and/or more consistent delivery of the adsorbent material 50, and increased safety.
  • the carrier material 55 may be readily configured in any manner suitable for facilitating insertion thereof into individual filter elements 26.
  • a matrix material such as a gel-type substance or otherwise suitable substance may contain, though not necessarily through impregnation, the adsorbent material 50 in a form capable of being incorporated within an individual filter element 26.
  • the carrier material 55 carrying the adsorbent material 50 may comprise a strand, strip, or otherwise elongate structure that is severed to form individual portions capable of being inserted into the filter rod and/or filter element 26.
  • the carrier material 55 may be in the form of a pellet.
  • the pellets may be produced using devices such as the FL-M Series granulator equipment (e.g., FL-M-3) from Vector Corporation and as WP 120V and WP 200VN from Alexanderwerk, Inc.
  • Exemplary compaction devices such as compaction presses, are available as Colton 2216 and Colton 2247 from Vector Corporation and as 1200i, 2200i, 3200, 2090, 3090 and 4090 from Fette Compacting.
  • Devices for providing outer coating layers to compacted pelletized formulations are available as CompuLab 24, CompuLab 36, Accela-Cota 48 and Accela-Cota 60 from Thomas Engineering.
  • the contact of components is such that individual components (e.g., adsorbent material or flavoring agents) may be well embedded in the extrusion matrix or extrudate.
  • individual components e.g., adsorbent material or flavoring agents
  • the moisture content of the carbonaceous material can vary.
  • the moisture content of the carbonaceous material or other adsorbent within the filter element, prior to use of the cigarette incorporating that filter element is less than about 30 percent, often less than about 25 percent, and frequently less than about 20 percent, based on the combined weight of the carbonaceous material and moisture.
  • the moisture content of the carbonaceous material or other adsorbent within the filter element, prior to use of the cigarette incorporating that filter element is greater than about 3 percent, often greater than about 5 percent, and frequently greater than about 8 percent, based on the combined weightof the carbonaceous material and moisture.
  • an optional flavoring agent may also be impregnated or otherwise suspended or included within or on the carrier material 55, in addition to the adsorbent material 50. That is, the carrier material 55 may carry both the adsorbent material 50 and an optional flavoring agent into the filter element 26. As such, the complexity of the formation process for the filter element 26 and/or smoking article may be reduced.
  • the carrier material 55 may comprise a polymer matrix material impregnated with the adsorbent material 50, such as, for example, a carbonaceous material, and an optional flavoring agent.
  • a single insertion device/step may only be needed to insert the adsorbent material 50 and the optional flavoring agent, rather than using multiple insertion devices/ steps to insert the adsorbent material 50 and the optional flavoring agent (i.e., in the form of a rupturable capsule) into the filter element 26.
  • the adsorbent material 50 may be formed as a sphere, pellet, capsule, tube or other structured object, with or without the carrier material 55.
  • the pellets may be manufactured using a wide variety of extrusion techniques.
  • such pellets may be manufactured using co-extrusion techniques (e.g., using a twin screw extruder).
  • a spherical carbon object may be formed so as to be more easily inserted into the filter material (e.g., cellulose acetate tow).
  • one or more spherical carbon objects may be disposed within the filter material of the smoking article.
  • Such objects formed as a sphere, pellet, tube, etc. may provide a concentrated form of the adsorbent material 50 into the filter material.
  • the particles comprising the object may have to be released and/or dispersed into or otherwise exposed to the filter element 26 to have the desired effect.
  • a force physical, sound wave, or otherwise
  • the object is disposed in situ within the filter element 26 to rupture, crack, or otherwise break, degrade, or disintegrate the adsorbent material 50 and/or carrier material 55 comprising the object so as to disperse or otherwise release the adsorbent material 50 into the filter element 26.
  • the size and weight of a capsule may vary. Certain types of capsules are generally spherical in shape. However, suitable capsules may have other types of shapes, such as generally rectilinear, oblong, elliptical, or oval shapes. Exemplary generally spherical capsules have diameters of less than about 3.5 m m, generally less than about 1.5 mm, often less than about 1 mm, and frequently less than about 0.5 mm. For example, several capsules can be employed, and those capsules can be in the range of about 0.25 mm to about 2 mm in diameter.
  • Cigarette rods typically are manufactured using a cigarette making machine, such as a conventional automated cigarette rod making machine.
  • exemplary cigarette rod making machines are of the type commercially available from Molins PLC or Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. KG.
  • cigarette rod making machines of the type known as MkX (commercially available from Molins PLC) or PROTOS (commercially available from Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. KG) can be employed.
  • MkX commercially available from Molins PLC
  • PROTOS commercially available from Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. KG
  • a description of a PROTOS cigarette making machine is provided in U.S. Patent No. 4,474,190 to Brand, at col. 5, line 48 through col. 8, line 3. ypes of equipment suitable for the manufacture of cigarettes also are set forth in U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the automated cigarette making machines of the type set forth herein provide a formed continuous cigarette rod or smokable rod that can be subdivided into formed smokable rodsof desired lengths.
  • another aspect of the present invention comprises an apparatus suitably configured for incorporating the adsorbent material 50 with the carrier material 55, and, in some instances, an optional flavoring agent 52, forming the filter element of the smoking article by incorporating the carrier material 55 carrying the adsorbent material 50, and/or for forming the smoking article itself having such a filter element incorporating the carrier material 55 / adsorbent material 50.
  • the adsorbent material may be released from the carrier material and into the filter material.
  • the carrier material 55 may be dissolved, disintegrated, degraded, or otherwise destroyed so as to release and/or disperse the adsorbent material 50 into the filter material so as to allow the adsorbent material 50 to have the desired effect on the mainstream smoke drawn through the filter element.
  • the release of the adsorbent material into the filter material may occur before or after the continuous rod has been severed into filter segments (e.g., filter element 26). Such release can occur during the manufacturing process.
  • an adsorbent material releasing unit 400 may be provided downstream in the production line from the insertion unit 214, wherein the adsorbent material releasing unit 400 may be configured to interact with the carrier material 55 in situ within the filter element so as to release the adsorbent material 50 into the filter material using, for example, a thermal process, an ultrasonic process, or any other suitable mechanism for releasing the adsorbent material 50 from the carrier material 55.
  • the adsorbent material 50 may be, for example, plasticized (i.e., moistened to form a "paste") such that the resulting object is resilient, flexible, and/or otherwise capable of being handled (see, e.g., US Pat. No. 4,862,905 to Green, Jr. et al. ).
  • the adsorbent material 50 can then be processed into a releasable form, for instance, by a heating and/or drying procedure applied to the filter element having the object therein. That is, the heating/drying process may cause the plasticizer to be removed from the object, which then becomes brittle or otherwise breakable.
  • the object can be relatively larger than previous "solid state" objects inserted into filter elements (i.e., relatively larger than between about 2 mm and about 3.5 mm).
  • the adsorbent material 50 can be incorporated into the adsorbent fiber in any manner known in the art, including by adhering adsorbent particles to the fiber, by imbedding or suspending adsorbent particles within the fiber, or by forming a fiber and then chemically altering the fiber such that an adsorbent material is formed (e.g., carbonization of a fiber).
  • the adsorbent fiber is constructed of a carbonaceous material (i.e., a carbon fiber).
  • carbon fibers can be classified based on the precursor material used to prepare the fiber(e.g., PAN, rayon, pitch, mesophase pitch, isotropic pitch, or gas phase grown fibers).
  • carbon fibers can be classified based on the final heat treatment temperature. Examples include Type-I, high heat treatment (HTT) fibers (final heat treatment temperature above 2,000 °C), Type-II, intermediate heat treatment (IHT) fibers (final heat treatment temperature around 1,500 °C), and Type-III low heat treatment (LHT) fibers (final heat treatment not greater than 1,000 °C). Any of the above classifications of carbon fibers could be used in the present invention.
  • the additives can be any composition capable of altering the character or nature of the smoke passing through the filter material, such as by action of a flavorant or a deodorizing agent.
  • exemplary additives include natural or synthetic flavorants that can alter the flavor and/or aroma of mainstream smoke, and the character of the flavors imparted thereby may be described, without limitation, as fresh, sweet, herbal, confectionary, floral, fruity or spice.
  • the number of degradable or non-degradable fibers imbedded within a filter element can vary. Typical ranges of the number of fiber insertions within a filter element segment include 1 to about 500 fiber insertions, more typically 1 to about 100, and often 1 to about 50.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Appareil (210) pour former un élément de bâtonnet-filtre de cigarette définissant un axe longitudinal, l'appareil comprenant :
    une unité de formation de bâtonnet (212) configurée pour former une alimentation continue d'un matériau de filtre (40) dans un élément de bâtonnet (220) cylindrique continu ;
    une unité d'insertion (214) configurée pour insérer un matériau adsorbant (50) supporté par un matériau de support (55) dans l'élément de bâtonnet (220), le matériau de support comprenant l'un d'un élément capsulaire, d'un élément tubulaire, d'un élément allongé continu, d'une matrice de support, d'un élément en bande continue, et des combinaisons de ceux-ci ; et
    une unité de libération de matériau adsorbant (400) configurée pour libérer le matériau adsorbant du matériau de support une fois que le matériau adsorbant supporté par le matériau de support a été disposé dans l'élément de bâtonnet.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une unité de division de bâtonnet (222) configurée pour diviser l'élément de bâtonnet (220) en une pluralité de parties de bâtonnet (26, 205) le long de l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci de sorte que chaque partie de bâtonnet comprenne au moins une partie du matériau adsorbant.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant en outre une unité de formation d'adsorbant (450) configurée pour mettre le matériau adsorbant (50) en prise avec le matériau de support (55).
  4. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'unité d'insertion (214) est en outre configurée pour insérer le matériau adsorbant supporté par le matériau de support, sous la forme de l'un d'un tube, d'une pastille et d'un toron, dans l'élément de bâtonnet.
  5. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'unité de libération de matériau adsorbant (400) est en outre configurée pour l'une de la dissolution, de la désintégration et de la dégradation du matériau de support.
  6. Procédé de formation d'un élément de bâtonnet-filtre de cigarette définissant un axe longitudinal, le procédé comprenant :
    la formation d'une alimentation continue d'un matériau de filtre (40) dans un élément de bâtonnet cylindrique continu (220) ;
    l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant (50) supporté par un matériau de support (55) dans l'élément de bâtonnet (220) de sorte que le matériau adsorbant soit disposé dans l'élément de bâtonnet, le matériau de support comprenant l'un d'un élément capsulaire, d'un élément tubulaire, d'un élément allongé continu, d'une matrice de support, d'un élément en bande continue, et des combinaisons de ceux-ci ;
    la division de l'élément de bâtonnet en une pluralité de parties de bâtonnet (26, 205) le long de l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci de sorte que chaque partie de bâtonnet comprenne au moins une partie du matériau adsorbant ; et
    la libération du matériau adsorbant du matériau de support dans le matériau de filtre in situ après que le matériau adsorbant supporté par le matériau de support a été inséré dans le matériau de filtre au moyen d'une unité de libération de matériau adsorbant (400) configurée pour libérer le matériau adsorbant du matériau de support une fois que le matériau adsorbant supporté par le matériau de support a été disposé dans l'élément de bâtonnet.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant comprend en outre l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant, comprenant une substance carbonée supportée par un matériau de support, dans l'élément de bâtonnet.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant comprend en outre l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant supporté par un matériau de support dans l'élément de bâtonnet, le matériau de support comprenant au moins l'un d'un matériau polyéthylène à haute densité et d'un matériau polyéthylène à faible densité.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant comprend en outre l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant supporté par un matériau de support, configuré comme au moins l'un d'un tube, d'une pastille et d'un toron, dans l'élément de bâtonnet.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, dans lequel l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant comprend en outre l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant supporté par un matériau de support, le matériau de support supportant en outre un agent aromatisant.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, comprenant en outre l'une de l'insertion du matériau adsorbant dans l'élément capsulaire, de l'insertion du matériau adsorbant dans l'élément tubulaire continu, de la mise en prise du matériau adsorbant avec l'élément allongé continu et de la suspension du matériau adsorbant dans la matrice de support.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 11, dans lequel l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant comprend en outre l'insertion d'un matériau adsorbant supporté par un matériau de support comprenant un élément en bande continue, le procédé comprenant en outre l'enroulement dans le sens de la longueur de l'élément en bande continue autour du matériau adsorbant.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, dans lequel la libération du matériau adsorbant comprend l'une de la dissolution du matériau de support, de la désintégration du matériau de support et de la dégradation du matériau de support.
EP09751566.2A 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Appareil et procédé associé pour former un composant de filtre d un article à fumer et articles à fumer qui en sont constitués Active EP2323506B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12181299.4A EP2537427B1 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Filtre pour cigarette ayant des structures de fibres composées

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/124,874 US8375958B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2008-05-21 Cigarette filter comprising a carbonaceous fiber
US12/124,891 US8079369B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2008-05-21 Method of forming a cigarette filter rod member
US12/392,725 US8613284B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2009-02-25 Cigarette filter comprising a degradable fiber
PCT/US2009/044829 WO2009143338A2 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Appareil et procédé associé pour former un composant de filtre d’un article à fumer et articles à fumer qui en sont constitués

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EP12181299.4A Division-Into EP2537427B1 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Filtre pour cigarette ayant des structures de fibres composées
EP12181299.4A Division EP2537427B1 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Filtre pour cigarette ayant des structures de fibres composées
EP12181299.4 Division-Into 2012-08-22

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EP2323506A2 EP2323506A2 (fr) 2011-05-25
EP2323506B1 EP2323506B1 (fr) 2013-04-10
EP2323506B2 true EP2323506B2 (fr) 2016-07-27

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EP09751566.2A Active EP2323506B2 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Appareil et procédé associé pour former un composant de filtre d un article à fumer et articles à fumer qui en sont constitués

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JP (2) JP5438760B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN102046033B (fr)
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ES2603646T3 (es) 2017-02-28
JP2011520469A (ja) 2011-07-21
EP2537427A1 (fr) 2012-12-26
EP2323506B1 (fr) 2013-04-10
CN103222684B (zh) 2015-11-18
WO2009143338A2 (fr) 2009-11-26
WO2009143338A3 (fr) 2010-01-21
EP2537427B1 (fr) 2016-08-17
CN103222684A (zh) 2013-07-31
JP5438760B2 (ja) 2014-03-12
EP2323506A2 (fr) 2011-05-25
ES2420685T3 (es) 2013-08-26
JP2014036659A (ja) 2014-02-27
CN102046033B (zh) 2013-12-04
JP5905432B2 (ja) 2016-04-20
CN102046033A (zh) 2011-05-04

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