EP2369280A2 - Procédé et dispositif de production d'air froid sous forme gazeuse ou liquide - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de production d'air froid sous forme gazeuse ou liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2369280A2
EP2369280A2 EP20110159073 EP11159073A EP2369280A2 EP 2369280 A2 EP2369280 A2 EP 2369280A2 EP 20110159073 EP20110159073 EP 20110159073 EP 11159073 A EP11159073 A EP 11159073A EP 2369280 A2 EP2369280 A2 EP 2369280A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
refrigerant
cryogenic refrigerant
liquefied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20110159073
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2369280A3 (fr
Inventor
Friedhelm Herzog
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Group GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Group GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Group GmbH filed Critical Messer Group GmbH
Publication of EP2369280A2 publication Critical patent/EP2369280A2/fr
Publication of EP2369280A3 publication Critical patent/EP2369280A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0259—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the liquefaction unit and in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/40—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components from air, e.g. CO2, hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/20—Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/12—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing cryogenic gaseous or liquefied air, is conveyed in the air to a heat exchanger and cooled there in heat exchange with a liquefied, cryogenic refrigerant, wherein the cryogenic refrigerant evaporates.
  • the invention further relates to a corresponding device.
  • the cooling of cold chambers, cold rooms or the transport cooling are usually carried out today with conventional chillers. Disadvantages are the often high cost of the machines and their high maintenance, the limited cooling capacity, energy requirements and emissions in the form of noise, exhaust gases u. dergl.
  • An alternative is the direct cooling of the area to be cooled with a cryogenic refrigerant, such as liquefied nitrogen or solid carbon dioxide (dry ice). If these refrigerants are introduced directly into the area to be cooled, although you have a technically simple and effective cooling, closed Cold rooms can no longer be done without breathing apparatus or a thorough previous ventilation. For certain applications, such as cryotherapy, therefore, partly liquid air is used as the refrigerant.
  • liquid air must be produced industrially and transported over long distances. Since liquid air does not in itself constitute a stable system, but over time concentrates with the gradual evaporation of the nitrogen content of oxygen, special safety measures are required to ensure the economic viability of the use of liquid or cryogenic gaseous air for the purchaser, in particular for small customers drastically reduce customers far from the liquid air production site.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a device which enables economical production of cryogenic gaseous or liquefied air even in smaller quantities on site.
  • the cryogenic gaseous or liquefied air is produced by thermal contact with a liquefied cryogenic refrigerant which is at a temperature below the desired temperature, in particular below the liquefaction temperature of air.
  • a liquefied cryogenic refrigerant which is at a temperature below the desired temperature, in particular below the liquefaction temperature of air.
  • liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic refrigerant.
  • the cryogenic refrigerant evaporates at least partially and subsequently serves as a means for a device for drying the air to be cooled.
  • the previous drying of the air is essential in the generation of cold gaseous or liquid air by heat exchange with a cold medium, since the water vapor contained in the air to be cooled leads to ice formation, which can affect the operability of the production facility quickly.
  • the vaporized refrigerant can be used in various ways as a resource in the device for air drying. For example, even after the evaporation in the heat exchanger still very cold gaseous refrigerant can be used to remove water vapor contained in the air by way of condensation. If, as an alternative or in addition to such a refrigerant drying, a membrane is used for separating the water vapor from the air, the gaseous refrigerant can be used as purge gas. In a further variant, absorption drying takes place by means of an absorbent. Here, the vaporized refrigerant can be used to regenerate the water-loaded adsorbent. By combining air cooling on the one hand with air drying on the other hand, a high efficiency of the method according to the invention is achieved.
  • the inventive method allows the production of economically usable amounts of cryogenic gaseous or liquid air even in relatively small and compact system on site; There is only a supply of the user with cryogenic liquefied inert gas, for which there are no comparable with the transport of liquid air complex security requirements.
  • the pressure caused by the evaporation of the refrigerant pressure is used in an advantageous development of the invention in an expansion machine for generating energy, in particular electrical and / or mechanical energy.
  • the energy generated in the expansion of the evaporated liquid refrigerant is then used to operate a conveyor for conveying the air to be cooled to the heat exchanger, so that provided for the operation of the conveyor motor for the same power can be dimensioned much smaller or even eliminated altogether.
  • a yet further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant is used for precooling the air supplied to the heat exchanger.
  • the remaining residual cold of the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant is used to further improve the efficiency of the method according to the invention.
  • the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant is preferably used for cooling the conveyor.
  • the air to be cooled is sucked in because of the pressure drop occurring in the cooling of the air in the heat exchanger and by the device for air drying.
  • a conveyor for conveying the air to the heat exchanger is unnecessary, or it can be at least dimensioned smaller.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a device for generating cryogenic gaseous or liquefied air, comprising a heat exchanger having an air inlet line and an air outlet line and heat exchanger surfaces for thermally contacting air with a liquefied cryogenic refrigerant and a vaporized cryogenic refrigerant outlet line.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that a device for drying the air is provided in the air inlet line, which is also connected to the outlet line for vaporized cryogenic refrigerant and in which the cryogenic refrigerant can be used as operating means in the device for drying the air.
  • the device according to the invention therefore comprises a heat exchanger in which, on suitable heat exchanger surfaces, such as pipe walls, the air to be cooled enters into heat exchange with a liquefied cryogenic refrigerant. During heat exchange, the air is cooled and optionally liquefied, while at the same time the refrigerant evaporates. The vaporized refrigerant is then supplied via the vaporized refrigerant outlet line to the air drying device where it is used as a drying agent for the air.
  • the device according to the invention has only a few components that can be assembled very compact and thus have only a small space requirement.
  • cryogenic refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen
  • the device according to the invention can be easily carried on refrigerated vehicles or in refrigerated containers, for example, or placed in closed rooms, for example in the rooms of a doctor's office or a fitness studio.
  • the device for air drying preferably comprises an adsorption dryer, a membrane dryer or a refrigerant dryer.
  • an absorption dryer water vapor is removed from the air by means of an absorber, wherein the absorber is loaded with water vapor.
  • the absorption dryer preferably comprises two mutually employable units, one of which is used in each case for drying the air, while the other passes through a regeneration phase.
  • a membrane dryer such as in the DE 19812960 C1 and the documents cited therein, the separation of the water vapor from the air by a water vapor-selective membrane.
  • the membrane requires regeneration by a purge gas, as the evaporated in the context of the present invention cryogenic refrigerant from the heat exchanger is used.
  • cryogenic refrigerant from the heat exchanger is used.
  • the separation of the water vapor by condensing takes place during cooling of the air in thermal contact with the still very cold evaporated refrigerant. In this case, a pre-cooling of the air takes place at the same time, which further increases the economic efficiency of the plant.
  • a conveying device for conveying air into the heat exchanger and the outlet line for evaporated cryogenic refrigerant is flow-connected to an expansion machine, wherein the expansion machine is operatively connected via means for transmitting energy to the conveyor.
  • the expansion engine which includes, for example, a turbine or a lift cylinder, generates mechanical or electrical energy by expansion of the refrigerant used to operate the conveyor. In this way, the amount of the conveyor to their operation - for example by means of a motor - from the outside, such as through a power grid, supplied energy can be at least significantly reduced.
  • a recuperator is provided in the air inlet line, which has a supply line connected to the outlet line for evaporated cryogenic refrigerant and a heat exchanger surface for transferring heat from the air from the air inlet line to the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant.
  • the residual refrigeration contained in the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant is used to lower the refrigerant demand of the system.
  • this process can also be used to compensate for water vapor from the air to be cooled.
  • An advantageous development of the invention provides that the heat exchanger and / or the recuperator is / are integrated in a tank for the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant. As a result, heat losses are reduced as well as the space requirement of the device and further increases the efficiency. Likewise, it proves to be advantageous to arrange a connected to the air outlet line reservoir for liquid air within the reservoir for the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant. In this way, the temperature of the liquefied air remains below the boiling point of the nitrogen whereby one - under Safety issues problematic - accumulation of oxygen in the liquid air is avoided.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the recuperator is designed as a cold storage.
  • the recuperator is connected to an exhaust pipe of the tank for liquid refrigerant and is constantly, so even during breaks in the flow of evaporating refrigerant and stores its cold content. In this way, the recuperator is quickly operational even after prolonged breaks and the cold of evaporating refrigerant during the break is used.
  • the conveyor includes a fan or a compressor, which is arranged on the input side of the heat exchanger and by means of which the air is pressed into the heat exchanger.
  • the conveyor is arranged on the output side of the heat exchanger; If the air is liquefied in the heat exchanger, the delivery device in this case comprises a pump which pumps off the liquefied air from the heat exchanger, while at the same time fresh air flows into the heat exchanger.
  • a preferred use of the method or the device according to the invention consists in the cooling of walk-in spaces such as refrigerators for storing temperature-sensitive goods or cold chambers for therapeutic purposes.
  • Fig. 1 1 includes a heat exchanger 2 equipped with an air inlet duct 3, an air outlet duct 4, a refrigerant inlet duct 5 and a refrigerant outlet duct 6.
  • the refrigerant input line 5 is in fluid communication with a tank 7 for a liquefied cryogenic refrigerant, for example, a stand tank for liquid nitrogen.
  • a conveyor 8 for example, a compressor or a fan, arranged by means of which air is conveyed to the heat exchanger 2 out.
  • the refrigerant outlet line 6 opens into an expansion machine 9 in which energy released during the expansion of gaseous refrigerant is converted into mechanical or electrical energy.
  • Expansion machine 9 and conveyor 8 are operatively connected to each other in such a way that the energy generated in the expansion machine 9 is used to operate the conveyor 8 via suitable energy transmission means 10.
  • the energy transmission means 10 comprise a shaft, by means of which the mechanical energy generated in the expansion machine is transferred directly to the conveyor 8 or the expansion machine 9 comprises a generator for generating electrical energy, directly or indirectly, for example via a power grid, for operating the conveyor 8th is being used.
  • a device 11 for drying the air to be supplied to the heat exchanger 2 is provided in the air inlet line 3.
  • a device 11 for example, a refrigerant dryer, a membrane dryer or an absorption dryer is provided.
  • the device 11 is connected to the refrigerant outlet line 6 and thus enables the use of the cryogenic refrigerant evaporated in the heat exchanger 2 as operating means for the device 11;
  • the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant thus serves as a regeneration gas for regenerating an absorber and / or as a purge gas for regenerating a membrane dryer and / or as a refrigerant for condensing water vapor from the air to be dried.
  • the air outlet line 4 opens into a storage tank 12 for liquid air, which is arranged in the exemplary embodiment within the tank 7 for the liquid cryogenic refrigerant and is thermally connected to the liquid phase of the stored in the tank 7 refrigerant. From the reservoir 12, the generated air can be stored and if necessary taken over a removal line 13, wherein, if necessary, a pressure build-up evaporator 14 is used.
  • the arrangement of the storage tank 12 within the liquid phase of the stockpiled in the storage tank 7 refrigerant whose temperature is maintained at a temperature equal to or below the boiling point of nitrogen in the reservoir 12, thereby ensuring that the composition of the liquid air in the reservoir 12 remains substantially constant and no accumulation of liquid oxygen in the storage tank 12 takes place.
  • air is supplied via the conveyor 8 to the heat exchanger 2.
  • the air comes into thermal contact with the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant from the tank 7.
  • the air cools and is liquefied, for example while the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant evaporates.
  • the evaporated cryogenic refrigerant is used in the device 11 for drying the air in the manner described above as a resource.
  • the caused by the evaporation increased pressure of the cryogenic refrigerant in the refrigerant outlet line 6 is expanded in the work in the expansion machine 9 and used to operate the conveyor 8.
  • the expansion machine comprises a turbine or a piston and a generator connected thereto, and the electrical energy generated in this generator is used to drive the conveyor 8. If more electrical or mechanical energy is generated in the expansion machine 9 than can be consumed in the conveyor 8, the excess energy can be utilized otherwise - in the case of electrical energy, for example, it can be fed into a pipeline network. If, conversely, the energy generated in the expansion machine 9 is insufficient to operate the conveyor 8, additional energy must be supplied, for example by means of a motor driving the conveyor 8, which may of course be of lower power than without the operative connection of the conveyor 8 the expansion engine 9 would be the case.
  • the expansion machine 9 can therefore also be arranged upstream of the device 11.
  • the conveyor for air downstream of dryer and / or heat exchanger. It is also conceivable to completely dispense with a conveyor and to use the resulting due to the cooling of the air through the heat exchange with the cryogenic refrigerant negative pressure for sucking the air, in which case it must be ensured in a suitable manner that the liquefied Air is supplied to the reservoir 12.
  • a heat exchanger 21 is housed within a liquefied cryogenic refrigerant tank 22.
  • the heat exchanger 21 is connected to an air inlet line 23 through which air is passed to the heat exchanger 21 where it is cooled and / or liquefied by thermal contact with the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant present in the tank 22.
  • a conveyor 25 which operates in the same manner as the conveyor air dryer 26 and a recuperator 27 are arranged.
  • the air dryer is an apparatus which, as far as possible, removes the water vapor contained in the air supplied to the heat exchanger 12 via the front section 28 of the air inlet line 23.
  • the air dryer in the exemplary embodiment is an absorption dryer in which vaporized cryogenic refrigerant is used to regenerate the absorbent material.
  • the recuperator 27 serves for precooling the air. Due to the thermal contact of the air to be cooled with the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant, such as liquid nitrogen in the tank 22 vaporizes a portion of the liquefied cryogenic refrigerant is discharged through a flow-connected to the gas space of the tank 22 line 30 and enters the recuperator 27. There a thermal interaction of the still provided with considerable residual refrigerant evaporated cryogenic refrigerant with the zoomed in the front portion 28 of the air inlet duct 23 air.
  • the air cools down while the vaporized cryogenic refrigerant is heated, fed to the air dryer 26 via a refrigerant line 31 is deprived of moisture in the air as described above. Subsequently, the refrigerant is supplied to an expansion machine 32 in which it is similar to the expansion machine 9 Fig. 1 used for energy production by relaxation. The generated electrical or mechanical energy is used to operate the conveyor 25. In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 In addition, an auxiliary motor 33 is used, which can supply additional energy to the conveyor 25. The air dried in the air dryer 26 and pre-cooled in the recuperator 27 air is fed to the heat exchanger 21, where brought into thermal contact with the liquid cryogenic refrigerant in tank 22 and liquefied, for example.
  • the sequence of the components 32, 25, 26, 27, 21 is otherwise not mandatory and can be set differently in other embodiments of the invention.
  • a conveyor for air and downstream of the heat exchanger 2, 21 are arranged;
  • the conveyor is, for example, a pump for liquid air.
  • the air dryer 26 (or generally an air dryer) and / or the Rekuperatur 27 (or generally a recuperator) - seen in the flow direction of the refrigerant - be arranged downstream of the expansion machine 32.
  • the device according to the invention With the device according to the invention, it is no longer necessary, in particular for the cooling of accessible spaces, to supply liquid air, but the required liquid air is generated on site; only the usual logistics for liquid cryogenic refrigerant (for example, liquid nitrogen) is required.
  • liquid cryogenic refrigerant for example, liquid nitrogen
  • the drive of the conveyor by means of expanding, evaporated cryogenic refrigerant saves the use of an engine (or reduces its performance) and therefore leads to a significantly lower noise.
  • the device according to the invention can be used both for generating liquid air and for generating cold, gaseous air.
  • the systems can be small in size so that they can be installed, for example, in medical practices, fitness studios or carried on mobile cooling devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP20110159073 2010-03-25 2011-03-21 Procédé et dispositif de production d'air froid sous forme gazeuse ou liquide Withdrawn EP2369280A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010012778 DE102010012778A1 (de) 2010-03-25 2010-03-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen kalter gasförmiger oder flüssiger Luft

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2369280A2 true EP2369280A2 (fr) 2011-09-28
EP2369280A3 EP2369280A3 (fr) 2015-05-06

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EP20110159073 Withdrawn EP2369280A3 (fr) 2010-03-25 2011-03-21 Procédé et dispositif de production d'air froid sous forme gazeuse ou liquide

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EP (1) EP2369280A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010012778A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2996910A1 (fr) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-18 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de production d'air liquefie
US20150143844A1 (en) * 2013-05-01 2015-05-28 Fertilesafe Ltd Devices and methods for producing liquid air
CN107691429A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-16 曾里 一种梯度降温机构及其工作方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023102667A1 (de) * 2023-02-03 2024-08-08 crio ice GmbH & Co. KG Kältebehandlungsanordnung

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