EP2372082A2 - Support de grille - Google Patents

Support de grille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2372082A2
EP2372082A2 EP11158440A EP11158440A EP2372082A2 EP 2372082 A2 EP2372082 A2 EP 2372082A2 EP 11158440 A EP11158440 A EP 11158440A EP 11158440 A EP11158440 A EP 11158440A EP 2372082 A2 EP2372082 A2 EP 2372082A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lattice girder
transverse webs
lattice
distance
truss
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11158440A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2372082A3 (fr
EP2372082B1 (fr
Inventor
Rudi Podjadtke
Günther Weidig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Bochumer Eisenhuette Heintzmann GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2372082A2 publication Critical patent/EP2372082A2/fr
Publication of EP2372082A3 publication Critical patent/EP2372082A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2372082B1 publication Critical patent/EP2372082B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional [3D] extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lattice girder for the expansion of tunnel-shaped structures according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.
  • support frames adapted to the breakout geometry are used, which serve to directly support the vault obtained during excavation. Subsequent expansion takes place in cast-in-situ concrete using shotcrete. The individual support frames remain within the created concrete shell.
  • lattice girders have proven that are assembled on site to a lined up in the circumferential direction of the expansion grid sheet. Compared with solid-walled carrier profiles, their advantage lies in the material and weight savings as well as in the avoidance of undesirable cavities due to the spray shadow that occurs. Thanks to the open structure of the lattice girders, they enable a homogenous construction of the concrete shell, within which they achieve a high quality of bonding and, in addition to the reinforcing steel mats used, serve as additional reinforcement.
  • the DE 197 11 627 C2 discloses a lattice girder removal frame for tunneling, which is composed of individual lattice girders.
  • the individual lattice girders each have a top chord and two bottom chords which each extend in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder and in whose cross section the vertices of a triangle form one another.
  • the upper chord is connected to the individual lower chords via meandering truss struts.
  • the lattice girder additionally has transverse webs running obliquely to its longitudinal direction, which serve to stiffen the limbs of the triangular lattice girder formed by the framework struts.
  • the transverse webs are for this purpose on the two lower chords and are connected to these.
  • the basic structure of the lattice girder has proven itself in practice. However, closed by the truss braces and the transverse webs triangular shape of the lattice girders claimed a correspondingly high volume. Against the background of economical storage and the necessary transport, the geometry leaves room for improvement, in particular for the space-saving stackability of the individual lattice girders.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to improve a lattice girder for the expansion tunnel-shaped structures to the effect that this allows a space-saving stackability without loss of its static load capacity at approximately constant material usage and thus the density of the stacked lattice girder can be increased.
  • the individual transverse webs each extend between two truss struts and are arranged at a corresponding distance from the upper flange and at a distance from the lower chords. Even if the individual transverse webs may continuously or occasionally have various configurations, for example, bent, folded, and individual formations, cross-sectional jumps and combinations of the mentioned, these have a straight course between the truss struts.
  • the particular advantage lies in the contactless spacing of the transverse webs of the individual straps, whereby the triangular shape formed in the cross section of the lattice girder is reduced. This is achieved by shifting the individual transverse webs as the base of the triangle away from the lower belts and thus towards the upper belt.
  • the cross section of the lattice girder formed by the truss struts and the transverse webs thus substantially resembles an A-shape.
  • the distance to the upper flange and the distance to the lower chords have a ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 6 to each other.
  • the lattice girders are made of metal.
  • the lower chords and the upper chord are welded to the truss struts connecting them.
  • the opposite in the transverse direction of the lattice truss trusses are also connected to the transverse webs connecting them by welding.
  • the individual connections are made in economic point resistance welding.
  • Both the upper and lower chords can have different cross-sectional shapes such as square, rectangular and oval or combinations of those mentioned.
  • these are circular, to allow easy production.
  • the lateral surface of the individual straps can also be given a structure, such as, for example, ribbed or profiled reinforcing steel. This increases the composite effect of the lattice girder with the concrete surrounding it.
  • the individual transverse webs are in each case connected via end-side bends with the truss struts lying opposite one another in the transverse direction of the lattice girder.
  • the bends increase the contact area between the transverse webs and the truss struts, thereby achieving a sufficient weld seam length.
  • the bends of the transverse webs to the lower chords of the lattice girder are aligned. Alignment causes a positive shift in the center of gravity of the welds. As a result, the stiffening effect is increased in the same position of the transverse webs to the upper and lower straps by the lever arm is shortened at a bending stress of the truss braces.
  • the invention provides that the truss struts are each formed in a side view of the lattice girder of a V-shaped bent rod with angled at its respective ends and thereby pointing away from each other foot sections.
  • the tip of the V-shaped bent rod is rounded here and welded to the upper flange.
  • the position of the truss braces is chosen so that the tip does not protrude beyond the upper flange.
  • a hook-free sliding For example, achieved by welded steel mesh along the upper belt.
  • the angled to individual foot sections ends of the rod are welded to one of the lower chords.
  • the individual truss struts each form a static triangle with the lower chord.
  • the truss struts thus serve for transverse force absorption and in combination with the transverse webs for spatial reinforcement of the lattice girder. As a result, a viable stiffening of the vault is already achieved at the beginning of installation.
  • transverse webs are arranged in a side view of the lattice girder toward the side of the foot sections towards the V-shaped bent rod of the truss struts.
  • the bending stiffness of the truss struts in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder is thereby additionally increased by the material doubling.
  • the angled foot portions of the truss braces are arranged perpendicular to an exciting between the axes of the lower chords level on the lower chords.
  • the foot sections are each axially parallel to the lower chords. This results in a maximum contact surface between the foot sections and the lower chords, which are connected to each other by welding.
  • no disturbing projections protrude beyond the lower chords, whereby a simple and hook-free smoothing of the shotcrete is made possible.
  • the invention provides that the lattice girder according to the invention has armature plates arranged at its respective ends.
  • the individual lattice girders can be strung together in the circumferential direction of the expansion to obtain a the outbreak of the vault stiffening grid sheet.
  • the individual lattice girders are adapted for this purpose in their longitudinal formation of the outbreak mold.
  • the anchor plates each have two isosceles angular plates, which are arranged in a V-shape to each other.
  • the V-shaped arrangement of the angle plates corresponds essentially to the triangular cross-sectional shape of the lattice girder, wherein the individual legs of the angle plates each extend in the longitudinal direction and transverse direction of the lattice girder.
  • About the longitudinal legs of the angle plates are welded to the lattice girder, while the transverse legs form a corresponding contact surface to adjacent lattice girders.
  • the angle plates of the anchor plates each connect the upper flange of the lattice girder with its lower chords, wherein the transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder arranged legs of the angle plates have these passing through openings.
  • the overlapping openings of the armature plates of adjacent lattice girders within the lattice arch serve to receive rod-shaped connecting means, which enable a site-specific coupling of the individual lattice girders to one another as a detachable or non-detachable connection.
  • the invention creates a lightweight and, through its open design, space-saving stackable lattice girder for the expansion tunnel-shaped structures. Due to the displacement of the stiffening transverse webs of the closed body of the lattice girder is reduced while maintaining its individual cross-sections, so that in contrast to the usual construction can be stacked up to twice the other lattice girder volume. Consequently, the costs incurred are halved.
  • the truss braces which do not project beyond the triangular cross-sectional shape of the lattice girder, as well as transverse webs enable a smooth outer contour of the lattice girder, which offers significant advantages in particular when laying concrete steel mats to be conveyed past the lattice girders. Otherwise protruding components regularly lead to the hooking of the individual meshes of the welded mesh. As a result, a clean and hook-free stripping of the applied shotcrete is possible.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the structure of a known from the prior art typical lattice girder 1 in cross section.
  • the lattice girder 1 has a top flange 2 and two bottom straps 3, which form the vertices of a triangle to each other.
  • the upper flange 2 is connected in each case via truss struts 4 with the two lower chords 3.
  • On the lower chords 3 are in the transverse direction of the lattice girder 1 connecting transverse webs 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a lattice girder 1a according to the invention, which also has a top flange 2a and two bottom straps 3a, wherein the top flange 2a respectively is connected via truss braces 4a with the lower chords 3a.
  • the transverse webs 5a connecting in the transverse direction of the lattice girder 1a opposite truss struts 4a are arranged.
  • the truss struts 4a connecting portion of the transverse webs 5a in this case runs parallel to an exciting between the lower chords 3a level.
  • the respective end regions of the transverse webs 5a have angled portions 50a which are angled away from the lower webs 3a of the lattice girder 1a.
  • the angled portions 50 a of the transverse webs 5 a run parallel to the axis with their respective longitudinal axes being superimposed in the present cross-sectional view.
  • the intersection point X In the direction of a mid-perpendicular to an exciting between the longitudinal axes of the lower chords 3a base of the triangle, the intersection point X has a distance A to the longitudinal axis of the upper flange 2a.
  • the intersection point X is spaced at a distance B in the direction of the mid-perpendicular to the base of the triangle.
  • the ratio of distance A to distance B is 1: 4.
  • the lattice girder 1 a By the opposite to the in FIG. 1 shown lattice girder 1 to the top flange 2a displaced transverse webs 5a, the lattice girder 1 a a clearance C, which is bounded by the truss braces 4a and the transverse webs 5a and the exciting between the lower chords 3a level.
  • the cross section of the lattice girder 1a corresponds to a substantially A-shaped configuration.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the high space requirements when stacking the in FIG. 1 Since this has a closed between the lower chords 3 on the transverse webs 5 triangular shape, the lattice girder 1 can not be stacked with another lattice girder 1, so that the transverse webs 5 when stacking each on the top flange 2 of the underlying lattice girder. 1 rest.
  • FIG. 4 the stacked arrangement of the lattice girder 1a according to the invention, wherein the lower lattice girder 1a with its upper flange 2a and parts of the truss struts 4a immersed in the free space C of the stacked lattice girder 1a.
  • the transverse webs 5a of the upper lattice girder 1a in this case are also on the upper flange 2a of the lower lattice girder 1a.
  • By located at a distance B to the lower chords 3a position of the transverse webs 5a of the upper flange 2a of the lower lattice girder 1a extends relative to the in FIG. 3 shown lattice girder 1 clearly closer to the top flange 2a of the overlying lattice girder 1 a.
  • the truss braces 4a are each formed from a V-shaped bent rod, the tip points towards the top flange 2a.
  • the respective end portions of the rod are angled away from each other weg doden foot sections 40a, which extend axially parallel to the lower chords 3a.
  • the foot portions 40a are hereby arranged perpendicular to a tensioning between the longitudinal axes of the lower chords 3a level on the lower chords 3a, which in particular FIG. 2 clarified in cross-section.
  • lattice girder 1b corresponds in its cross-section already in the Figures 2 and 4 shown lattice girder 1a.
  • An upper flange 2b and two lower straps 3b spaced therefrom extend parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder 1b.
  • the lattice girder 1b has a curvature which runs around a transverse axis parallel to a plane which is exciting between the lower girders 3b.
  • anchor plates 8 are arranged, which extend on both sides of the triangular lattice girder 1b in each case in a plane between the upper flange 2b and one of the lower chords 3b in the form of angle plates 9.
  • the opposite in the transverse direction of the lattice girder 1b angle plates 9 thus have a V-shape to each other.
  • the angle plates 9 each connect the upper flange 2b with one of the lower chords 3b via legs 10 aligned in the longitudinal direction of the lattice girder 1b
  • Transverse direction of the lattice girder 1 b extending leg 11 of the angle plates 9 each have these passing through openings 12.
  • the lattice girder 1b For the storage and transport of the lattice girder 1b this is stacked with other lattice girders according to the invention on each other, wherein the clearance C respectively serves to receive the triangular cross-section of an underlying lattice girder 1b.
  • the lattice girder 1b can exchange with its upper girth 2b into the free space C of the lattice girder 1b above it, until the upper girder 2b bears against the transverse webs 5b.
  • the lattice girders 1 b are connected via their respective anchor plates 8 with adjacent lattice girders or other components to a support frame or grid arch.
  • detachable or non-detachable connection means inserted through to obtain a rigid node between the lattice girder 1 b and the adjacent lattice girders or components.
  • the position of the transverse webs 5b ensures sufficient stiffening of the opposing truss struts 4b, so that their usual cross section is maintained. Due to the significantly narrower stackability of the lattice girder 1b can be compared to the prior art stored up to twice the usual amounts and transported, thereby halving the respective costs. In addition, the design of the lattice girder 1 b according to the invention comes from without additional use of material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP11158440.5A 2010-03-31 2011-03-16 Support de grille Active EP2372082B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202010004389U DE202010004389U1 (de) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Gitterträger

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2372082A2 true EP2372082A2 (fr) 2011-10-05
EP2372082A3 EP2372082A3 (fr) 2015-07-29
EP2372082B1 EP2372082B1 (fr) 2019-10-23

Family

ID=42309402

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11158440.5A Active EP2372082B1 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-16 Support de grille

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EP (1) EP2372082B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202010004389U1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012011689U1 (de) 2012-11-28 2013-12-03 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Gitterträger
DE202013011404U1 (de) 2013-07-31 2014-11-04 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Gitterträger
DE102013021701A1 (de) 2013-07-31 2015-02-05 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Gitterträger
DE202014000435U1 (de) 2013-12-27 2015-04-01 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Nachgiebigkeitselement
DE102014000594A1 (de) 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Nachgiebigkeitselement

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012108471B3 (de) 2012-09-11 2013-09-26 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger
DE102012108479A1 (de) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-13 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger
DE202012103456U1 (de) 2012-09-11 2012-09-28 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger
DE102014010212B3 (de) * 2014-07-10 2015-12-24 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträgerverbindung
CN111691608A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 沙洲职业工学院 用于现浇楼板负弯矩筋的高强塑料支撑构件

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19711627C2 (de) 1996-12-02 1997-12-11 Seiz Rudolf Gitterträgerausbaurahmen und Aussteifungselemente für einen Gitterträgerausbaurahmen

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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AT208566B (de) * 1958-01-15 1960-04-11 Avi Alpenlaendische Vered Leichtbauträger
CH434658A (de) * 1965-10-08 1967-04-30 Avi Alpenlaendische Vered Untergurtloser Fachwerkträger
DE2157583A1 (de) * 1971-11-20 1973-12-13 Sogedic Sa Abstandshalter fuer waagerechte und/ oder senkrechte betonbewehrungen sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE8125375U1 (de) * 1981-09-01 1982-01-21 Pantex-Stahl AG, 6233 Büron Gittertraeger fuer den untertag-strecken- und schachtausbau
DE19835557B4 (de) * 1998-08-06 2008-05-29 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Stapelbarer Gitterträgerausbaurahmen und Aussteifungselemente für diesen Rahmen
DE10020006C1 (de) * 2000-04-25 2001-12-13 Rudolf Seiz Gitterträgerausbaurahmen und Aussteifungselemente für einen Gitterträgerausbaurahmen mit sehr hoher Tragkraft
DE20021580U1 (de) * 2000-04-27 2001-08-16 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG, 44793 Bochum Viergurtgitterträger-Ausbaurahmen und Aussteifungselemente für einen Gitterträgerausbaurahmen hoher Tragkraft und wirtschaftlicher Fertigung
DE102005006297A1 (de) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-24 Seiz, Rudolf, Dipl.-Ing. Gitterträgerausbaurahmen und durchlaufendes girlandenförmiges Aussteifungselement für einen Gitterträgerausbaurahmen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19711627C2 (de) 1996-12-02 1997-12-11 Seiz Rudolf Gitterträgerausbaurahmen und Aussteifungselemente für einen Gitterträgerausbaurahmen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012011689U1 (de) 2012-11-28 2013-12-03 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Gitterträger
DE202013011404U1 (de) 2013-07-31 2014-11-04 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Gitterträger
DE102013021701A1 (de) 2013-07-31 2015-02-05 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Gitterträger
DE202014000435U1 (de) 2013-12-27 2015-04-01 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Nachgiebigkeitselement
DE102014000594A1 (de) 2013-12-27 2015-07-02 Sz Schacht- Und Streckenausbau Gmbh Nachgiebigkeitselement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2372082A3 (fr) 2015-07-29
DE202011110561U1 (de) 2014-09-01
DE202010004389U1 (de) 2010-07-01
EP2372082B1 (fr) 2019-10-23

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