EP2390433A1 - Eléments préfabriqués et leur procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Eléments préfabriqués et leur procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2390433A1
EP2390433A1 EP10005645A EP10005645A EP2390433A1 EP 2390433 A1 EP2390433 A1 EP 2390433A1 EP 10005645 A EP10005645 A EP 10005645A EP 10005645 A EP10005645 A EP 10005645A EP 2390433 A1 EP2390433 A1 EP 2390433A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layers
solid wood
layer
functional
boards
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Granted
Application number
EP10005645A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2390433B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Dr. Merl
Viktor Vracar
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP10005645.6A priority Critical patent/EP2390433B1/fr
Publication of EP2390433A1 publication Critical patent/EP2390433A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prefabricated building elements, such as timber construction elements, in particular for house construction, according to the preamble of claim 1 and manufacturing method for such prefabricated building elements according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • the DE 101 63 446 A1 relates to a composite component, in particular as a wall, ceiling or roof element for house construction. This consists of a plurality of interconnected layers of juxtaposed, in particular elongated elements whose orientation is different from layer to layer. The individual layers are held together by connecting means, in particular of metal.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide prefabricated building elements, such as timber construction elements, which are as optimally prepared as possible for the final destination and to minimize working requirements during construction.
  • the invention according to claim 1 creates a prefabricated component with two flat outer sides and a first and a second layer, which are fixedly connected to each other, wherein at least one of the layers on the other of the layers side facing at least one functional recess having at least one the two flat outer sides is spaced and is free of a connection function between the two layers.
  • the prefabricated component has, as it were, an open, cage-like structure which is advantageously suitable for receiving functional devices and / or elements.
  • Both the at least one functional recess which does not serve for possible connecting elements between the layers, as well as the functional devices and / or elements to be accommodated therein are realized directly in the production of the finished component, so that a post-processing of the finished component is saved after its use during construction.
  • the processing already in the production of the finished component is simpler and more efficient and can be done under weather-independent conditions and using optimal and powerful machines and equipment, which is not everything on construction sites.
  • the prefabricated prefabricated components can also be further treated as a unit before they are used for construction. In addition, flawless surfaces are obtained, so that the prefabricated components provide inner and outer surfaces that have no unwanted openings, bumps or edges.
  • a plurality of functional recesses - as already mentioned, those not provided for accommodating any connecting elements penetrating a plurality of layers to connect them - be contained in a prefabricated component, wherein such multiple functional recesses within the same layer and / or within different Layers can be arranged.
  • Further preferred embodiments of the at least one non-connection-relevant functional recess and preferably a plurality of such functional recesses consist in that each such functional recess can be configured channel-like, passage-like or container-like.
  • any non-connection-relevant functional recess within the layer in which it is arranged itself, or in the layer to which it is adjacent can be widened and / or connected to a passage to a further layer or an outer side and connected to such a passage stand.
  • non-connection-relevant functional recesses in adjacent layers can be aligned and / or combined with one another, wherein in particular also three or more layers may have aligned and combined non-connection-relevant functional recesses.
  • the layers are layers of solid material, and / or preferably at least one of the layers contains at least substantially a renewable and / or biodegradable raw material, particularly preferably wood, in particular solid wood.
  • the at least one solid wood layer consists of solid wood boards and / or rods, and even more preferably, if two solid wood layers each of solid wood boards and / or rods are immediately adjacent, the solid wood boards and / or rods of two adjacent ones Solid wood layers are aligned unequal to each other, which may also be combined with some, such as two or three or four layers with parallel aligned, but with respect to the layers in particular partially overlapping solid wood boards and / or rods.
  • the at least two layers, in particular solid wood layers are glued-free and, in particular, interconnected by means of engagement elements, preferably by means of dowels made in particular of the same base material as the massive material layers.
  • dowels made of hardwood are combined with solid wood layers of softer wood than the dowels for joining.
  • the layers, in particular solid wood layers are connected in pairs by means of dowels. If more than two layers are included, the axial length of the dowels may also be longer than the thickness of two layers and shorter than the thickness of three layers.
  • the axial length of the dowels is, with particular preference, shorter than the total thickness of the layers in which the dowel engages; thereby, an affected side of a layer is not obtained from either the dowel or a dowel receiving bore, which is different from any functional recess according to the invention and which is present in addition to any functional recess.
  • the insertion of the dowels used are spaced in the interior of a layer from the outside thereof.
  • dowel receiving bores are provided which are to be distinguished from any functional recess according to the invention.
  • recesses meant that do not serve for the inclusion of engagement elements or specifically dowels, so do not contribute to a connection function between the layers. This is expressed by the words "non-connection-relevant functional recess” or “connection-irrelevant functional recess” or “connection-function-free functional recess” for the functional recess according to the invention.
  • connection-irrelevant or connection-function-free functional recess is designed for thermal insulation, heat storage, fire retardation, fire protection, improved statics, lighting, daylighting, building biology, energy-saving and comfort functions, improved sound insulation.
  • air guide channels and inlet and outlet openings are provided as inventive connection-irrelevant or connection-function-free functional recesses, wherein furthermore with preference control devices, such as e.g. Flaps, panels or wings are provided.
  • a direct or indirect lighting with bulbs can be placed using the three-dimensional structure already in their preparation in the interior of the finished component in the form of a wall or ceiling element, and no longer has to put on this or subsequently be incorporated therein with the requirement then still be closed and / or disguised.
  • This provides in a further advantageous manner e.g. special lighting effects without having to create additional space.
  • cable ducts for supply and / or control cables as well as receiving openings for light sources and / or outlet openings for light are provided as connection function-free or connection-irrelevant functional recesses according to the invention.
  • a particular indirect illumination by means of at least one inventive connection irrelevant functional recess of the finished component is to be realized.
  • This can be, in particular, an LED room lighting with a very high proportion of indirect light, wherein it is further exploited that LED lights have an extremely long life (up to 200,000 hours) and in the smaller Designs with not too high power (less than 1 watt rated power) require no additional active cooling and release only minimal heat loss to the environment.
  • integrated, modern electrical lighting with low energy consumption, DC power supply and modern LED lighting elements can be realized.
  • an active adjustability of direct or indirect illumination may be provided by actively changing the placement or emission direction or emitting surface of the lighting devices or means, such as LEDs, via a mechanism within the finished device during use.
  • the at least one erfmdungssiee connection function-freeêtsausNeillung the finished component also serve for wiring purposes between the outside and the inside of the installed prefabricated element, for example, to realize a complete solar-assisted and advantageously network-independent lighting system.
  • the connecting lines, any control and / or even suitable storage units are accommodated in the at least one functional recess according to the invention.
  • Wooden buildings still suffer from the widespread prejudice of an increased fire hazard, even if the opposite is proven. This market-obstructive prejudice can be counteracted by integrating an additional, active fire protection function into the components.
  • active water is released inside the timber element. The heat of evaporation of the released amount of water and the resulting water vapor actively counteract the fire. If the fire fights in time and the damage to the wooden structure can be limited in time, escapes the leaked water through the diffusion-open structure of the components in a relatively short time back to the outside, there are no permanent structural damage to be expected.
  • inventive and connection-irrelevant functional recesses extinguishing and / or Feuerdämmkanäle and in particular also extinguishing agent supply receiving spaces are provided in this advantageous variant.
  • passive fire protection elements for walls, ceilings, roof
  • passive fire protection elements for walls, ceilings, roof
  • These passive fire protection elements are in each case accommodated in a functional function-free functional recess according to the invention and are activated, for example, by a melting process at significantly high temperatures (for example, from about 60 ° C.), so that they release a quantity of water stored in them, which dries the adjacent wood layers and a Additionally inhibit or prevent inflammation.
  • plastic pipes with a defined melting temperature can be arranged in functional recesses according to the invention and thus between adjacent layers, which means concealed installation.
  • active elements for fire protection within the three-dimensional solid wood structure
  • active elements for fire protection within the three-dimensional solid wood structure
  • active elements for fire protection within the three-dimensional solid wood structure
  • active elements for fire protection within the three-dimensional solid wood structure
  • active elements for fire protection within the three-dimensional solid wood structure
  • active elements for fire protection within the three-dimensional solid wood structure
  • These are activated eg by an electronic valve control and a smoke or fire sensor and set a defined, limited amount of water, which drenched the adjacent layers of wood and additionally inhibit a fire.
  • the prefabricated component can dry out slowly, in particular by a diffusion-open design, without long-term damage being expected.
  • Particularly advantageous is the use of fire protection elements that act both passive and active, so that even in case of failure or failure of active fire fighting ultimately the passive fire protection is automatically effective without further effort.
  • the combination of solid wood construction with earth construction elements is ideally suited to the implementation of important building biological functions.
  • the integration of clay elements already in the three-dimensional structure of the solid wood components is a reference to the well-known for centuries truss principle, with the described advantages of prefabrication over the artisanal execution on site.
  • the disadvantage of the subsequent introduction of clay construction elements is the entry of large amounts of building moisture and the subsequent long necessary dry period.
  • the combination of solid wood and clay even before delivery of the components can thus represent an important time factor for a fast and largely dry erection of the building.
  • Clay can have different functions: increased heat storage (factor 2-4 over solid wood), moisture regulation and odor retention are just a few functions.
  • clay represents interesting and highly variable design options for building design and as a contrast to the strict wood structure.
  • Clay is also an ideal material for the embedding of components for wall surface heating or cooling.
  • connection-irrelevant and thus erfmdungswen functional recesses in this type are preferably in a clay layer or a clay element and are designed for receiving and conducting of heating and / or cooling currents.
  • channels can also be provided within the three-dimensional solid wood structure from the component inside to the component outside, which serve in particular by means of control devices, such as flaps, panels or wings, adjustable and / or adjustable active or passive room ventilation and / or room ventilation, furthermore preferably electrical and / or mechanical actuators are provided, which are manually and / or automatically actuated.
  • control devices such as flaps, panels or wings, may be metal, plastic, glass, stone or wood or artificial substitutes therefor or combinations thereof.
  • a function of a decentralized, adjustable and / or adjustable active or passive room ventilation and / or room ventilation can be realized by the channels from the component inside to the component outside by a heat exchanger effect for heat recovery from the exhaust air in winter or for pre-cooling the fresh air in the summer, for example realized over a temporal change of the air flow in the same channels or constant air flows in separate running channels in the countercurrent principle.
  • the active air movement is realized for example via radial or axial fans.
  • Both the collection of spent room air and the introduction of fresh air can be realized via a system of many smaller, distributed over the wall surface inlet and outlet openings, whereby disturbing effects of trains are largely eliminated.
  • For prefiltering the air and as a heat buffer clay elements can be used in the interior of the finished component.
  • a further embodiment variant is that active elements for the function of a wall surface heating are integrated in the prefabricated component within the three-dimensional solid wood structure.
  • the active elements may be hot water pipes or even electrical resistance heating elements.
  • a clay-like mass pre-dried before delivery is preferably used in the functional recesses of the wall structures according to the invention, which may extend to the inner, visible surface of the prefabricated building elements.
  • active elements may be integrated for the function of wall surface cooling.
  • the active elements can e.g. Be cold water leading pipes.
  • a clay-like mass pre-dried in the connection function-free functional recesses of the wall structures can be used, which can extend to the inner, visible surface of the prefabricated components.
  • the active elements for wall surface heating and cooling are designed so that both functions are alternatively possible.
  • the heating and the cooling function can thus be achieved in an advantageous manner by the same structural designs as a function of the water temperature in the said tubes, which represents a further particular advantage.
  • Yet another function of the inventively non-functional function recesses in the finished component according to the invention is that within the three-dimensional solid wood structure active and / or passive elements are integrated to increase the heat storage capacity in thegnacsausEnglishept invention.
  • active and / or passive elements are integrated to increase the heat storage capacity in thegnacsausEnglishept invention.
  • suitable materials that have a higher heat storage capacity, such as clay-based materials, or by the placement of latent heat storage elements in the erfmdungsdorfen functional recesses.
  • passive elements for passive and / or active moisture regulation can be integrated within the three-dimensional solid wood structure by means of the connection-irrelevant functional recesses in the prefabricated structural elements according to the invention.
  • the free, in the building state an interior of a building facing the inside of the prefabricated components contain at least one erfmdungswashe functional recess, which additionally comprise or may contain a cage-like structure, wherein the cage-like structure contains cavities, the can be filled with the clay-like or -basierenden material, or which cage-like structure can serve as a reinforcement for the clay-like or -basierende mass, which then forms a layer, as it were.
  • an increased value of thermal insulation can be realized by the at least one functional function recess within the three-dimensional solid wood structure by creating a cage-like structure with very large air chambers enclosed therein by means of the functional recess according to the invention.
  • the resulting lightweight construction not only has thermally advantageous properties, but is also suitable for other applications in which a lower density of the elements is desirable.
  • the at least one erfmdungssiee connection function-free functional recess of the finished component can also serve to accommodate passive elements for sound insulation (structure-borne noise, impact sound).
  • the functional recess according to the invention is filled for this purpose with sand, with loosely poured loam powder, with soft wood fiber material, with wood shavings or wood chips, with expanded clay or with mineralized cellulose (isoflock) or the like or combinations thereof.
  • This filling in the interior of the finished component provides a contribution to the attenuation of structure-borne noise.
  • a particularly high sound insulation is achieved if in several layers of the finished component different, such as differently dense filling materials are used in combination, such as. a layer of sand combined with a layer of wood shavings.
  • This design is particularly preferably used for interior walls, walls between inhabited units and for false ceilings.
  • connection-irrelevant functional recess of the finished component It is also possible to integrate passive elements for sound refraction in the at least one connection-irrelevant functional recess of the finished component according to the invention.
  • This can e.g. be implemented by an open, cage-like structure of the prefabricated component by means of at least one functional function free function function, which breaks open, cage-like structure incident sound and drastically reduces the reflection. There are no additional, non-wood components needed.
  • noise protection against external noise i. from the environment, be achieved by suitable designs of at least one functional recess according to the invention
  • a further possibility of the embodiment of the at least one connection-irrelevant functional recess of the finished component according to the invention is to integrate special components for active daylight introduction into the finished component in or by means of the at least one functional function recess, whereby a large amount of light can be conducted into a building constructed from such prefabricated components , And advantageously still only a slight heat loss may occur in the outer shell.
  • connection-irrelevant functional recess of the finished component according to the invention it is possible to provide controlled active daylight guidance within the three-dimensional solid wood structure by combination with transparent or translucent elements is created in the interior of the building, which are not designed as classic windows and which combine a light inlet with a very low heat loss.
  • connection-function-free functional recess of the prefabricated component can also be used and designed accordingly that it receives active elements for active thermal protection of windows and exterior doors functional elements that can be activated at night or in phases of non-use of the building.
  • active burglary protection for windows and exterior doors can be realized.
  • metallic protective elements bars, grates, etc.
  • connection function-free function recess is that in the latter power and / or control lines are housed in particular for multimedia and communication, especially in a general network and later desired and / or changeable circuitry.
  • media elements can advantageously be integrated into the prefabricated component by connection-irrelevant functional recesses according to the invention, even on the free sides.
  • a perfect look without disturbing cables or other "flying" components is possible in a flexible way.
  • an integrated, wireless or cable-based sensor system for implementing an (electrically) intelligent house temperature measurement and control, room humidity measurement, fire detection, light measurement and control, etc.
  • connection-irrelevant functional recess of the finished component can also be designed to accommodate at least one functional element for subsequent on-site assembly.
  • Mounting bracket made of hardwood or prefabricated threads for solid wood mounting elements in the prefabrication of the finished component are provided and housed, such as plug-in or extendable fasteners.
  • connection-function-free functional recess according to the invention of the finished component can be designed and used in order to be applied to the surface and inside of the prefabricated component, such as a timber component, integrated mounting and mounting systems for assemblies, including suspended mounts to realize.
  • Function recesses allows that, depending on customer requirements or requirements, several of the above-described functions in the same prefabricated component can be combined with each other, depending on the function, the embodiments spatially separated in different such function recesses or spatially combined in common suchgnacsaus fundamentalisme be realized.
  • the prefabricated building element can be joined layer by layer, wherein in each individual layer, prior to joining to an adjacent layer, the surface facing its particular adjacent layer and thus after joining adjacent layers in the interior of the layers, the structures required for specific functions in the form of functional function recesses according to the invention are incorporated, such as, for example, by milling, drilling, sawing, and the like, and / or wherein functional, partly foreign wood elements are incorporated in at least one layer, such as Tubes, hoses, fans, bulbs, mineral materials, etc.
  • the prefabricated building element may be joined layer by layer and the layers may consist of solid wood components, such as boards, beams, rods, rods and the like, referred to above as solid wood layers of solid wood boards and / or rods, wherein at least two and at most in all layers of the wood components within each such layer via suitable profiles, such as Tongue-and-groove profiles or wedge or crown galvanizing, are tightly connected with each other, so that the function of wind-tightness is given perpendicular to the layers. Due to the special shaping of the lateral profiling of the solid wooden carrier components or wood components, by their variable width and their overlapping arrangement, a high degree of windproofness is permanently ensured without the introduction of wood-foreign substances.
  • suitable profiles such as Tongue-and-groove profiles or wedge or crown galvanizing
  • individual layers or layers of the finished component consist of different materials, such as a combination of solid wood layers each of solid wood boards and / or rods of softwood and hardwood, for example, alternately softwood and Hardwood layers build the finished component. But it can also be e.g. two or three hardwood layers provided consecutively and be covered by a respective softwood layer.
  • the prefabricated components according to the invention are particularly suitable through their prefabrication to be connected in a rational, easy and fast way to complete buildings, in particular wooden structures, wherein the connection via solid wooden fasteners and / or metallic fasteners, such as screws done.
  • the invention also provides a production method for a finished component with two flat outer sides and a first and a second layer, which are firmly connected to each other, wherein in the first layer at least one functional recess, the at least one of the two flat outer sides is spaced and is free of a connection function between the two layers on which the other of the layers later side is introduced before the first layer with the second, the at least one function recess overlapping layer is firmly connected.
  • a second, third, fourth, etc. layer can be added and provided together with at least one connection-irrelevant functional recess, before a further layer covering the at least one connection-irrelevant functional recess is added.
  • connection-independent functional recess for example the first and the second, or the first, second and third or the first and second and then together with the third or the first, second, third and fourth or the first, second and third and then together with the fourth layer temporarily for processing or already fixed in position or finally firmly connected, etc.
  • a preferred further refinement of this is that layers of solid material layers are used and / or preferably at least one of the layers contains at least essentially a renewable and / or biodegradable raw material, particularly preferably wood, in particular solid wood.
  • the at least one solid wood layer is composed of solid wood boards and / or rods, which solid wood boards and / or rods of the at least one solid wood layer are laid out in one plane and then joined to the second layer.
  • the solid wood boards and / or rods of the at least one solid wood layer are temporarily fixed in position at the workplace before being connected to the second layer.
  • the solid wood boards and / or rods of the at least one solid wood layer to construct the second layer, which is built up on the first layer and then joined to the latter.
  • the at least one erfmdungswashe connection function-free functional recess is incorporated into one, preferably in the underlying layer in the connection step, such as milling, drilling, sawing or the like, and then the second layer is placed or built on it.
  • a particularly preferred variant of the production method according to the invention consists in the fact that the first layer of solid wood boards and / or rods is constructed to form a first solid wood layer and temporarily fixed in position at the workstation, that any desired or required functional connection free functional recess according to the invention is inserted into this first solid wood layer of solid wood boards and / or or -stäben is incorporated, such as by milling, drilling, sawing or the like, that thereafter a second solid wood layer of solid wood boards and / or bars is constructed on the first solid wood layer of solid wood boards and / or rods so that any such functional recess in the first solid wood layer is covered and that the solid wood boards and / or rods of the second solid wood layer are aligned or oriented in a direction that is in the direction of alignment or orientation of the solid wood boards and / or rods of the first solid wood layer at an angle of greater than 0 ° and up to 90 °, or in other words, that the second solid wood layer of solid wood boards and / or rods
  • a third layer of solid wood may still be built up on the second layer of solid wood, preferably in the same way as the second layer of solid wood has been built on the first layer of solid wood, and may possibly comprise further layers of solid wood be constructed according to, and then all stacked solid wood layers are temporarily fixed to each other and so then firmly and permanently connected.
  • functional recesses which are free of connection function and thus functional can be incorporated in the previously constructed solid wood layer prior to the construction of the next solid wood layer, whereby such a functional recess can also extend over the entire thickness of a solid wood layer without restriction.
  • the at least two layers, in particular solid wood layers are bonded together without glue and in particular by means of engagement elements, preferably by means of dowels of, in particular, the same base material as the layers of solid material.
  • dowels made of hardwood with solid wood layers of softer wood than the dowels are combined.
  • the layers, in particular solid wood layers are connected in pairs by means of dowels.
  • holes are introduced into the layers to be joined together, possibly after the temporary fixing relative to one another and further possibly solid wood layers of solid wood boards and / or rods from the topmost layer forth, at least reach into the lowest layer and into which then the engagement elements, in particular the dowels, are inserted, pressed, hammered or shot.
  • the engagement elements in particular the dowels
  • dowels and screws from wood, metal, plastic or other, such as pressed materials can be used, for which purpose the holes can be configured with or without internal thread.
  • the axial length of the dowels may also be longer than the thickness of two layers and, for example, shorter than the thickness of three layers.
  • the axial length of the dowels is, with particular preference, shorter than the thickness of the layers in which the dowel engages; As a result, a side of a layer impaired neither by the dowel nor by a dowel receiving bore is obtained.
  • the insertion of the dowels used are spaced in the interior of a layer from the outside thereof.
  • Further preferred method steps are the detection of the layers and dimensions of solid wood boards and / or rods of the laid-out first layer and the detection of the layers and dimensions of solid wood boards and / or rods of the second and, if appropriate, further layer built thereon, and the Determining drill locations for holes for receiving engagement elements, in particular dowels, where a hole solid wood boards and / or rods of all involved layers at a predetermined distance from the edge of all involved solid wood boards and / or rods concerns and the creation of such holes.
  • the detection of layers and dimensions of solid wood boards and / or rods optically followed by image recognition electronics, the determination of desired or suitable drilling locations with a computing electronics, and the creation of such holes is automated and controlled based on the results of the computer electronics.
  • the holes for receiving engagement elements are clearly distinguishable from the connection function-free function recesses according to the invention, which just serve according to the invention for any functions except the connection function of layers with each other or with each other.
  • connection-irrelevantontsausappellus is detected and such Bohrorte holes for receiving engagement elements, in particular dowels, are determined where no suchgnacsaus supraung is.
  • detections of layers and dimensions of such functional recesses according to the invention take place optically with downstream image recognition electronics, the determination of desired ones takes place or suitable drilling locations with computational electronics, and the creation of such bores is automated and controlled based on the results of the computational electronics.
  • the consideration of layers and dimensions of solid wood boards and / or rods in the individual layers and according to the invention compound irrelevant or connection function-freejansausappel ausappel in the individual layers combined.
  • a basic pattern of holes or minimum and maximum distances of holes are or are and the computer electronics from the results of the determination of the positions and dimensions of solid wood boards and / or bars in the individual layers and the location and dimensions of any existing inventivenossausappel aus in the individual layers on the one hand and depending on the basic pattern of holes or minimum and maximum distances from drilling optimally located drill locations determined or determined.
  • Still further preferred and / or advantageous method steps and features result from the analogous implementation of the device features, as well as device features which disclose corresponding device features.
  • Fig. 1 is shown schematically in a perspective and exploded view of a first embodiment of a finished component 1.
  • the representation can also be understood as a section of a prefabricated component, without limitation being referred to in all figures for linguistic simplification of the representation of a finished component 1, even if it may be in the figure to a representation of a section of a finished component ,
  • the prefabricated component 1 has two flat outer sides 2 and 3 as well as a first layer 4, a second layer 5 and a third layer 6.
  • the layers 4 to 6 are solid material layers, such as layers of or at least substantially a renewable and / or biological degradable raw material.
  • the layers 4 to 6 consist of solid wood.
  • the layers of the prefabricated building element 1 may consist of the same materials, of the same materials with different specifications or properties or of different materials, wherein any combinations of materials can be realized even with less or more than three layers, depending on the structural requirements or wishes.
  • the layers of MDF boards, HDF boards, drywall, Rigips- or gypsum board, or composite panels or boards or strips may consist of these materials. It is advantageous to use such materials and components thereof, which meet the structural requirements or wishes, which in particular environmental aspects are fair, and / or are correspondingly low in large quantities available.
  • the layers 4 to 6 of solid wood from solid wood boards 7 are constructed, which without restrictions, for example, rods or beams can be used to build the layers.
  • the linguistic simplification is used below as representative of any elongated or plate-like design of boards, even if bars and beams or plates are also suitable and covered by the present disclosure.
  • the solid wood boards 7 of the first layer 4 and the second layer 5 are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to each other, and the solid wood boards 7 of the second layer 5 and the third layer 6 are parallel.
  • the solid wood boards of two adjacent solid wood layers may be unequal in alignment with each other, as with some, such as two or three or four layers of parallel-aligned but in particular partially overlapping solid wood boards and / or or rods can be combined.
  • Fig. 1 to 7 easily recognizable show the respectively existing layers 4 to 6 (in the Fig. 1 ) glue-free and connected to each other by means of engagement elements 8, which is in the present first embodiment by dowels 9 made of wood. More precisely, the dowels 9 are made of hardwood, while the solid wood layers 4 to 6 are made of softer wood than that of the dowels 9. Furthermore, in the Fig. 1 good to see that the layers 4 to 6 are connected in pairs by means of dowels 9. The exact use of the dowels 9 is in the Fig. 1 to 8 for illustrative reasons not visible in detail, but can easily be described later in more detail Fig. 9a to e and 10a until s are removed.
  • each layer in which the dowels 9 engage mating dowel receiving holes 10, ie with a corresponding diameter and of sufficient depth or throughout the entire layer see Fig. 9a to e and 10a to s.
  • the layers can also be firmly connected to other engagement means 8, such as nails, screws, staples and the like, or with glue, curing pastes and the like, on the one hand according to stability requirements and customer wishes and on the other hand according to the materials the layers can be optimally determined.
  • While the dowels 9 provide for the cohesion of two or more layers with each other, form-fitting configurations 11, for example, on the longitudinal sides 12 of the solid wood boards 7 promote the cohesion of the solid wood boards 7 within individual layers.
  • form-fitting configurations 11 on the longitudinal sides 12 of adjacent solid wood boards 7 are designed so that they fit together, which is easy to understand and therefore need not be further explained.
  • first layer 4 and the second layer 5 are considered closer.
  • functional recesses 15 in the form of channel or groove-like recesses 16 are included, whose depth is less than the thickness of the second layer 5.
  • Two of the trough-like or chamfered cutouts 16 run parallel near opposite edges of the second layer 5, and further trough-like or channel-like cutouts 16 are perpendicular to the former therebetween, as in a window screen, so that a channel system 17 is formed, which is also one only functional recess 15 can be considered.
  • the functional recess 15 or the functional recesses 15 thus lie within the second layer 5 such that it is or are spaced from the flat outer side 2 of the finished component 1 formed by the first layer 4.
  • Such a channel system or the like 17 may also be provided in the second layer 5 side facing the first layer 4 in particular matching the channel system in the second layer, for example, to obtain a larger volume of the through the entire cutouts.
  • a receiving space e.g. be realized for a fire water supply for an active fire protection, which will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the third layer 6 is used in the first embodiment of the Fig. 1 only the reinforcement and the stability of the finished component 1.
  • any functional recess 15 is basically to be distinguished from the possibly as in the first embodiment of the Fig. 1
  • a dowel receiving bore 10 may also be spaced from a flat outside of the finished component 1 and considered as a recess that fulfills a function, but this function is the connection function together with the dowels 9 for the layers.
  • the functional recesses 15 are those recesses which are not intended or serve for a connection function, that is to say are, so to speak, connection-function-free or connection-irrelevant recesses.
  • connection function-freeêtsaus principle ausification 15 constitute the gist of the present invention.
  • the functional recesses 15 also essentially and fundamentally differ from window and door openings in prefabricated components 1, in that the functional recesses 15 are just spaced from a flat outside of the prefabricated component 1, which is in principle not true for window and door openings in prefabricated components 1, because window and door openings must indeed be continuous over the entire thickness of the prefabricated components 1.
  • the prefabricated building element 1 has an open, cage-like structure with the channel system 17, which is advantageously accommodated of functional devices and / or elements, such as one or more conduits 18 (see Fig. 2 ) suitable is.
  • Both the at least one functional recess and the functional devices and / or elements to be accommodated therein are realized directly in the production of the prefabricated component 1, so that reworking of the prefabricated component 1 after its use during construction is saved.
  • the processing already in the manufacture of the finished component 1 is simpler and more efficient and can be done under weather-independent conditions and using optimal and powerful machines and equipment, which is not everything on construction sites.
  • the prefabricated prefabricated components 1 can also be further treated as a unit before they are used for construction.
  • flawless surfaces of the outer sides 2 and 3 are obtained, so that the prefabricated components 1 for buildings provide inner and outer surfaces that have no unwanted openings, shocks or edges.
  • the functional recesses 15 in the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 are the basis of an integrated fire protection system, which for the sake of clarity in the Fig. 1 is not shown further, but the following description is so clear and easy to understand that a graphical representation for the skilled person to the understanding is unnecessary.
  • active water is released in the channel system 17.
  • the heat of evaporation of the released amount of water and the resulting water vapor actively counteract the fire.
  • the leaked water can escape, for example, by the diffusion-open structure of the finished component 1 in a relatively short time back to the outside.
  • the channel system 17 thus forms directly extinguishing and / or Feuerdämmkanäle, in the same way also Löschstoffvorratsing whilst (not shown, but exemplified above as a flat cutout in the second layer 5 side facing the first layer 4 listed) may be provided.
  • Such an active fire fighting can be activated in a conventional manner by means of smoke or fire sensors and in particular electronic valve controls, all of which together with the associated lines can also be accommodated in functional recesses 15 according to the invention.
  • 15 fire protection functions can also be implemented passively in the prefabricated building element 1 according to the invention thanks to the at least one functional recess.
  • passive fire protection elements for walls, ceilings, roof
  • passive fire protection elements for automatic fire protection can also be integrated within the three-dimensional solid wood structure.
  • These passive fire protection elements are housed eg as plastic pipes with a defined melting temperature in each case in a function recess 15 and are activated, for example by a melting process at significantly high temperatures (for example, from about 60 ° C), so that they release a stored amount of water in them, the drenched in adjacent layers of wood and additionally inhibit or prevent inflammation.
  • each solution can be housed in another layer of the prefabricated component 1, or both implementations can be housed within the same layer in corresponding function recesses 15. It is particularly advantageous in the use of fire protection elements that act both passive and active, that even in case of failure or failure of the active fire fighting ultimately passive fire protection is automatically effective without further effort.
  • -hemmungs- or -behanmpfungsfunktion that can be realized by means of at least one functional recess 15, other functions can be implemented, such as thermal insulation, heat storage, improved statics, lighting, daylighting, building biology, energy-saving and comfort functions , improved soundproofing. Still other important, desirable and useful as well as just by means offorensicsaus traditions 15 realizable functions in prefabricated components 1 are already indicated above in the introduction, which will be referred to again at this point.
  • noise protection against external noise i. from the environment, can be achieved by suitable designs of
  • the functional recess 15 in the second layer has a helical course in this second exemplary embodiment and accommodates a pipe 18 with heat exchanger fluid.
  • the active elements may be hot water pipes or even electrical resistance heating elements.
  • Such clay-filled functional recesses 15 are in the second embodiment according to the Fig.
  • the active elements may be, for example, cold water pipes 18.
  • a clay-like mass pre-dried before delivery can be used in the non-functional function recesses 15 of the prefabricated component 1, which may extend to the inner, visible surface of the prefabricated components 1.
  • the active elements for wall surface heating and cooling are designed so that both functions are alternatively possible. The heating and the cooling function can thus be achieved in an advantageous manner by the same structural designs as a function of the water temperature in said tubes 18, which represents a further particular advantage.
  • Clay can have different functions: increased heat storage (factor 2-4 over solid wood), moisture regulation and odor retention are just a few functions.
  • clay represents interesting and highly variable design options for building design and as a contrast to the strict wood structure.
  • Clay is also an ideal material for embedding components for wall surface heating or cooling.
  • an interior of a building facing inside of the prefabricated building elements 1 contain at least one function recess, which may additionally comprise or contain a cage-like structure, wherein the cage-like structure contains cavities, the can be filled with the clay-like or -basierenden material, or which cage-like structure can serve as a reinforcement for the clay-like or -basierende mass, which then forms a layer, as it were.
  • the functional recesses 15 of the prefabricated component 1 can also be used and designed accordingly to accommodate active thermal protection for windows and exterior doors functional elements that can be activated at night or in phases of non-use of the building.
  • active burglary protection for windows and exterior doors can be realized.
  • metallic protective elements bars, grates, etc.
  • darkening of windows corresponding movable covers can be accommodated in
  • the prefabricated component 1 with the at least one functional recess 15 Due to the design of the prefabricated component 1 with the at least one functional recess 15, it is also advantageously possible to realize the installation of water, sewage, heating and other liquid-carrying lines in an optimally protected and isolated environment, for example, optimal for a Antifreeze and / or provide thermal insulation.
  • the Fig. 3 a schematic perspective and exploded view of a third embodiment of a finished component 1 withjansausnaturalened 15.
  • the finished component 1 contains five layers 4, 5, 6, 19 and 20.
  • the second layer 5 contains as function recesses 15 parallel ventilation ducts 21, and the third layer 6 contains as function recesses 15 with the ventilation channels 21 of the second layer 5 aligned, congruent ventilation ducts 22. While the ventilation ducts 21 of the second layer 5 occupy the entire thickness of the second layer 5, the ventilation ducts 22 are only trough-like over part of the Thickness of the third layer 6 is formed.
  • the ventilation channels 22 of the third layer 6 are in communication with passages 23 to the fourth layer 19, in which as a further functional recess 15, a connecting channel 24 is milled like a groove, which connect all the ventilation channels 22 of the third layer 6 together.
  • the connecting channel 24 in the fourth layer 19 terminates in a passage 23 which is aligned with a passage 23 in the fifth layer 20 to provide access from the outside 3 of the finished component 1 to the ventilation channels 21 and 22.
  • In the first layer 4 are now slot-like passages 23 to the outside 2 of the finished component 1 in communication and aligned with the ventilation channels 21 in the second layer 5.
  • ventilation or air guiding and connecting channels 21, 22, 24 are provided as function recesses 15 and inlet and outlet openings in the form of passages 23, further preferably with control means, e.g. Flaps, panels or wings are provided.
  • channels can also be provided within the three-dimensional solid wood structure from the component inside to the building exterior, which can be used in particular by means of control devices, such as flaps, panels or wings, adjustable and / or controllable active or passive room ventilation and / or room ventilation Furthermore, preferably electrical and / or mechanical actuators are provided, which are manually and / or automatically actuated.
  • the control devices such as flaps, panels or wings, may be metal, plastic, glass, stone or wood or artificial substitutes therefor or combinations thereof.
  • a function of a decentralized, adjustable and / or controllable active or passive room ventilation and / or room ventilation can be realized through the channels from the component inside to the component outside, wherein, for example, a heat exchanger effect for heat recovery from the exhaust air in winter or for pre-cooling of the fresh air in summer
  • a heat exchanger effect for heat recovery from the exhaust air in winter or for pre-cooling of the fresh air in summer For example, realized over a temporal change of the air flow in the same channels or constant air flows in separate running channels countercurrent principle.
  • the active air movement is realized for example via radial or axial fans.
  • Both the collection of used room air as The introduction of fresh air can be realized via a system of many smaller, distributed over the wall surface inlet and outlet ports, whereby disturbing effects of train are largely eliminated.
  • a thermal insulation can also be realized easily, efficiently and advantageously by means of the functional recesses 15 according to the invention, as is the case with reference to the fourth embodiment according to FIG Fig. 4 is clarified. Components and functions are described below only insofar as they are not already among the Fig. 1, 2 and / or 3 have been described, to which reference is now made in full.
  • the functional recess (s) 15 within the three-dimensional solid wood structure, an increased value of thermal insulation can be realized by creating a cage-like structure with very large air chambers enclosed therein by means of the functional recess (s) 15.
  • the resulting lightweight construction not only has thermally advantageous properties, but is also suitable for other applications in which a lower density of the elements is desirable.
  • a filling of the function recess (s) 15 with wood shavings is possible.
  • the corresponding function recesses 15 are in the Fig. 4 in the second layer 5 as wide channels 25 included. It is also possible to create a special thermal wall feeling by designing and using the at least one functional recess 15 of the prefabricated component 1 for creating open and particularly insulating structures. This effect can also be used in sauna construction.
  • Thesaitsausnaturalened 15 of the finished component 1 can also serve to accommodate passive elements for sound insulation (structure-borne sound, impact sound), as with the five-layer structure of the finished component 1 of the fifth embodiment according to the Fig. 5 is clarified.
  • the second layer 5 contains in the parallel over the entire thickness of the second layer 5 extending functional recesses 15 wood fiber plates 26.
  • wide channels 25 are included, which are filled with sand.
  • the first layer 4 of the prefabricated component 1 are sound-receiving slots 27, which extend in this fifth embodiment over the entire thickness of the first layer 4.
  • fillings with loosely poured loam powder, wood chips or wood chips, with expanded clay or mineralized cellulose (isoflock) or the like or Combinations possible are possible.
  • Each of these fillings in the interior of the finished component 1 provides a contribution to the attenuation of structure-borne noise.
  • a particularly high sound insulation is achieved if in several layers of the finished component different, such as differently dense filling materials are used in combination, such as a layer of sand combined with a layer of wood soft fiber material. This design is particularly advantageous for interior walls, walls between inhabited units and for false ceilings.
  • the sound-absorbing slots 27 in the first layer 4 represent passive elements for the purpose of sound refraction.
  • the finished component 1 of the sixth in the Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment includes an illumination function, which is realized by means of thejansausappel12.
  • LED lighting or lighting units 28 are housed, these function recesses 15 over the entire extent of the finished component 1 (as in the right part of the second layer 5 of Fig. 6 ) or only over part of such an extent (as in the left part of the second layer 5 of FIG Fig. 6 ).
  • the extensions of the functional recesses 15 over only a part of the second layer 5 can be linear or punctiform or circular.
  • cable ducts for supply and / or control cables and receiving openings for lighting means and / or outlet openings for light are designed as function recesses 15.
  • An LED room lighting can be realized with a very high proportion of indirect light, taking advantage of the fact that LED lights have an extremely long life (up to 200,000 hours) and in the smaller designs with not too high power (less than 1 watt Rated power) do not require additional active cooling and release only a small amount of heat loss to the environment.
  • an active adjustability of direct or indirect illumination may be provided by actively changing the placement or emission direction or emitting surface of the lighting devices or means, such as LEDs, via a mechanism within the finished device during use.
  • thethesesaus traditions 15 of the finished component 1 can also serve for wiring purposes between the outer sides 2 and 3 of the finished component 1, for example, to realize a complete solar-assisted and advantageously network-independent lighting system.
  • the prefabricated component 1 on the outer surface (after installation of the prefabricated component 1) of the prefabricated component 1 photovoltaic facade panels (not shown) and on or in (see above) of the inner surface (after the installation of the prefabricated component 1) of the finished component 1 LED illuminant 28 is mounted , which can be done with the prefabrication of the finished component 1 already.
  • the connecting lines (not shown), any control (not shown) and / or even suitable storage units (not shown) are accommodated in the at least one functional recess 15.
  • Yet another embodiment of the finished component by the at least one functional recess 15 is that in the latter power and / or control lines are housed in particular for multimedia and communication, especially in a general network and later desired and / or changeable circuit.
  • media elements screens, loudspeaker systems, etc.
  • a perfect look without disturbing cables or other "flying" components is possible in a flexible way.
  • an integrated, wireless or cable-based sensor system for implementing an (electrically) intelligent house temperature measurement and control, room humidity measurement, fire detection, light measurement and control, etc.
  • a further possibility of designing and using the functional recesses of the prefabricated component is to integrate special components (not shown) for active daylight introduction into the prefabricated component 1 in or by means of the functional recesses, whereby a large amount of light is directed into a building constructed from such prefabricated components 1 can, and advantageously still only a slight heat loss may occur in the outer shell.
  • special components not shown
  • the at least one functional recess 15 of the prefabricated component 1 can be provided that within the three-dimensional solid wood structure by combining with transparent or translucent elements a controlled active daylight is created in the interior of the building, which are not designed as a classic window and the light inlet combine with a very low heat loss.
  • the at least one functional recess 15 of the prefabricated component 1 can also be designed to accommodate at least one functional element for subsequent on-site assembly.
  • Mounting bracket made of hardwood or prefabricated threads for solid wood mounting elements in the prefabrication of the finished component are provided and housed, such as plug-in or extendable fasteners.
  • plug-in or extendable fasteners e.g., a plug-in or extendable fasteners.
  • the at least one functional recess 15 of the prefabricated building element 1 can be designed and used to attach to the surface and inside of the prefabricated building element 1, e.g. a timber component, integrated mounting and fastening systems for assemblies, including hanging assemblies to realize.
  • the design of the prefabricated component 1 with the at least one functional recess 15 and preferably a plurality of such functional recesses 15 allows, depending on customer requirements or requirements, several of the above-described functions in the same prefabricated component 1 can be combined, depending on Function spatially separated the embodiments in various such functional recesses 15 or spatially combined in common such function recesses 15 are realized, as shown by the representation of the seventh embodiment according to the Fig. 7 is clarified.
  • the individual functions result from the synopsis of the first to sixth embodiments, so that reference is made to the respective descriptions of the previous embodiments with reference to the reference numerals in order to avoid mere repetition.
  • each functional recess 15 can be widened within the layer in which it is arranged or in the layer adjoining it and / or connect to a passage 23 to another layer or an outer side and communicate with such a passage stand.
  • functional recesses in adjacent layers can be aligned and / or combined with each other, wherein, in particular, three or more layers can also have aligned and combined functional recesses.
  • a prefabricated component 1 basically looks in the finished state, is in the Fig. 8 to see in which the same reference numerals as in the previously discussed figures relate to the same parts and components, so that a re-entering it is omitted.
  • the Fig. 9a to e each show in a schematic sectional view of further embodiments of prefabricated components 1.
  • the prefabricated component 1 in the Fig. 9a from five layers, in the Fig. 9b from seven layers, in the Fig. 9c from nine layers, in the Fig. 9d from eleven layers and in the Fig. 9e from 13 layers that can have different thicknesses.
  • Evident are also good the tongue and groove configurations 14 in the solid wood boards. 7
  • the Fig. 10a to c each show in a schematic and sectional partial view still further embodiments of prefabricated components 1.
  • the dowels 9 always connect two layers and in which the length of the dowel 9 is exactly equal to the thickness of two layers.
  • the dowels 9 always connect three layers, in which the length of the dowels 9 is longer than the thickness of two layers and shorter than the thickness of three layers, and in which the insertion ends of the dowels used inside Layer are spaced from the outside thereof.
  • Dowels are combined 9 different lengths.
  • the solid wood boards 7 are in the embodiments according to the Fig. 10a to c fixed again within the layers by means of tongue and groove configurations 14.
  • the Fig. 11a to r show in a schematic side and top view ( Fig. 11a and b ) as well as in schematic sectional views ( Fig. 11c to r ) and in yet another schematic side view ( Fig. 11s ) Exemplary Embodiments for Dowels 9.
  • the dowels 9 have conical sections or beads in the respective embodiments shown, whereby a screw thread-like configuration is possible ( Fig. 11s ), which allows both a screwing and a depression of the anchor 9 in a dowel receiving bore 10.
  • the designs are chosen, for example, barb-like, that an automatic detachment of a dowel 9 is avoided from its dowel receiving bore 10 by a possible positive connection between the dowel 9 and the wall of the dowel receiving bore 10 is achieved.
  • other dowel designs may be advantageous.
  • the Fig. 12 schematically shows a diagram of a basic embodiment of a manufacturing method of an exemplary finished component 1 in a diagram.
  • the production method according to the invention for a prefabricated component 1 with two flat outer sides and a first and a second layer, which are fixedly connected to each other provides that in the first layer at least one functional recess, which is at least spaced from one of the two flat outer sides and free is of a connection function between the two layers, on which the other of the layers facing side is introduced later, before the first layer with the second, the at least one function recess overlapping layer is firmly connected.

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WO2014098599A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Bureau Knijtijzer Unité de construction en forme de boîte autoportante
AT13753U1 (de) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-15 Intech Les D O O Fertigbauelement
US20140318053A1 (en) * 2012-06-15 2014-10-30 Yong Do Song Prefabricated wall frame for construction and ceiling frame using same
EP2980330A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-03 Axel Lange Panneau de construction
DE102017115893A1 (de) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-17 Raimund Beck Nageltechnik Gmbh Verbundbauteil
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EP3921149A4 (fr) * 2019-02-04 2022-07-20 Cetres Holdings, LLC Panneaux de bois stratifiés croisés
CN117094610A (zh) * 2023-10-20 2023-11-21 山东汇源杭萧钢构有限公司 一种基于装配式建筑的预制构件施工管理系统
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US20140318053A1 (en) * 2012-06-15 2014-10-30 Yong Do Song Prefabricated wall frame for construction and ceiling frame using same
ITPD20120220A1 (it) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-12 Essetre Holding Spa Impianto per la realizzazione di pareti prefabbricate del tipo a strati sovrapposti di assi di legno, e procedimento per l'impiego di tale impianto
EP2684658A3 (fr) * 2012-07-11 2014-02-12 Essetre Holding SpA Appareil permettant de fournir des parois préfabriqués du type à couches superposées de planches de bois et procédé d'utilisation dudit appareil
WO2014098599A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Bureau Knijtijzer Unité de construction en forme de boîte autoportante
DE202013001756U1 (de) 2013-02-25 2013-03-19 Intech-Les D.O.O. Fertigbauelement
DE202013001760U1 (de) 2013-02-25 2013-03-26 Intech-Les D.O.O. Wärme/Kältespeicher
AT13753U1 (de) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-15 Intech Les D O O Fertigbauelement
EP2980330A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-03 Axel Lange Panneau de construction
DE102017115893A1 (de) * 2017-07-14 2019-01-17 Raimund Beck Nageltechnik Gmbh Verbundbauteil
EP3434982A1 (fr) 2017-07-28 2019-01-30 Josef Sieberer Module de mise en température d'une surface
DE102017117196A1 (de) 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 Josef Sieberer Flächentemperierelement
WO2019180076A1 (fr) 2018-03-21 2019-09-26 Erwin Thoma Éléments de construction en bois activés et procédé de fabrication de tels éléments de construction
LU100746B1 (de) * 2018-03-21 2019-10-01 Erwin Thoma Aktivierte Holzbauelemente und Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Bauelemente
US11833776B2 (en) * 2019-01-09 2023-12-05 Four Sided Solutions Llc Cross-laminated timber panel having a conduit therein and attachable fitting
EP3921149A4 (fr) * 2019-02-04 2022-07-20 Cetres Holdings, LLC Panneaux de bois stratifiés croisés
CN117094610A (zh) * 2023-10-20 2023-11-21 山东汇源杭萧钢构有限公司 一种基于装配式建筑的预制构件施工管理系统
CN117094610B (zh) * 2023-10-20 2024-01-09 山东汇源杭萧钢构有限公司 一种基于装配式建筑的预制构件施工管理系统

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