EP2393073A1 - Procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'une installation d'alerte aux dangers - Google Patents

Procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'une installation d'alerte aux dangers Download PDF

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Publication number: EP2393073A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: subscriber; processor; current; central unit; input
Prior art date: 2010-06-02
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP11155545A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP2393073B1 (fr

Inventor

Peter Ungemach

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Novar GmbH

Original Assignee

Novar GmbH

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2010-06-02

Filing date

2011-02-23

Publication date

2011-12-07

2011-02-23 Application filed by Novar GmbH filed Critical Novar GmbH

2011-12-07 Publication of EP2393073A1 publication Critical patent/EP2393073A1/fr

2013-07-31 Application granted granted Critical

2013-07-31 Publication of EP2393073B1 publication Critical patent/EP2393073B1/fr

Status Active legal-status Critical Current

2031-02-23 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
- G08B29/123—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems of line circuits

Definitions

the invention relates to a method for operating a hazard alarm system with a central unit (central office or coupler) to which a two-wire line as a field bus several participants are connected in parallel, each of which has an input (A) and an output (B) for the fieldbus, at least a processor, a processor-controlled disconnector between input (A) and output (B), a sensor or actuator and a communication module.
the invention further relates to an operating according to this method hazard detection system.
the central unit supplies the operating voltage via the two-wire line operated as a field bus to the subscribers and communicates with these digitally via defined, usually proprietary protocols.
the central unit monitors the voltage and the current on the fieldbus to protect the alarm system. If a predetermined maximum value of the current is exceeded, as a rule caused by insulation faults, in the worst case a short circuit, the central unit switches off the operating voltage. As a rule, the alarm system can not be put into operation until the cause of the fault has been eliminated.
the invention has for its object to provide a method for operating such a hazard detection system available that a total failure of the hazard detection system usually avoids as a result of in the fieldbus, ie on the two-wire line or in a particular participant occurred insulation fault.
This solution is based on a state-of-the-art alarm system in which the central unit and the subscribers communicate digitally with one another.
the input and the output of the participants are equal, so that the "incoming" fieldbus can also be connected to the output and the "outgoing" fieldbus to the input.
the sensors in the subscribers can be, in particular, smoke detectors or burglar alarms.
the actuators may e.g. visual or acoustic escape route markings, extinguishing agent controls, and / or triggers for fire doors or smoke flaps.
the solution according to the invention is also applicable to analog operating systems that work instead of a processor with a simple logic circuit in the subscriber and do not require a communication module.
the solution according to the invention is suitable both for a field bus in the form of a spur line and a ring-shaped closed fieldbus. In both cases, as is known, branch off from the field bus more field buses as stubs.
the core of the invention is that when an insulation fault, hereinafter referred to only as "short circuit" occurs, all participants recognize this error by the current measurement while at the same time, but only the one participant who is wiring the next fault location, his disconnector opens so that the other subscribers located between the subscriber with the open disconnector and the central unit remain fully functional.
the subscriber-specific delay time is determined as a function of the number of other participants located between the respective subscriber and the central unit and, preferably during the commissioning of the alarm system, stored individually in each subscriber.
N the number of subscribers
i the physical position number of the subscriber counted by the central unit's serving port
t is a time interval greater than that Time is required for each participant to complete his functional routine.
Under the function routine here are all the participants assigned, usually preprogrammed and cyclically repeating subtasks to understand, that is, those that the participant performs in normal operation, such as periodic queries of the sensors, sending status messages to the center, receiving and processing Command from the headquarters, etc.
the Time for the sake of energy saving usually also only at periodic intervals made measurement of the current by the subscriber, the comparison with the stored maximum value and the processing of the comparison result by the processor and for this possibly triggered by this opening the disconnector.
the time interval t can be very short, for example of the order of 1 ms.
the fieldbus is often designed as a loop in current hazard detection systems.
the method according to the invention is that when commissioning the alarm system in each participant, the valid for normal operation current flow direction and a first delay time in the case of power via the A port of the central unit and a second delay time for the case during operation, as soon as an overcurrent ("short-circuit current") is detected, its direction is determined between the input and the output of the subscriber and depending on the determined current flow direction either at Expiration of the first delay time or at the end of the second delay time and in each case still persistent exceeding of the maximum value of the current of the disconnector is opened.
overcurrent short-circuit current
the availability of the hazard detection system is significantly improved even in the case of a short circuit, because the result of the short circuit location is separated from the fieldbus, because the short circuit immediately adjacent participants ("before” and “behind” the short circuit) both open their disconnectors, if the Central unit feeds the field bus at this time both the A port and the B port.
a data telegram that is significant for this purpose is preferably sent to the central unit via the communication module.
the central unit or the operator thus not only recognizes, as before, that a short circuit has occurred, but the short circuit can be localized immediately and, for example. be output in plain text.
the operating voltage of at least the subscriber positioned in the nearer region of the short circuit collapses to 0 volts or nearly 0 volts, it must be ensured in another way that the subscribers concerned at least as long be supplied with their operating voltage until the disconnector of the short circuit location next participant (or the disconnector of the participants on both sides of the short circuit location) has opened and all remaining participants receive their operating voltage again from the central unit. If the subscribers have no operating voltage available from an external auxiliary voltage source, they must therefore, when the minimum value of their operating voltage falls below an internal energy store, e.g. a capacitor, sufficiently long, at least until the opening of the relevant disconnector, are supplied.
an internal energy store e.g. a capacitor
the applied operating voltage can be measured in each participant, compared with a stored minimum value, and the comparison result supplied to the processor.
the current measuring module determines in addition to the amount of current and its sign, i. its direction between the A port and the B port of the subscriber.
the hazard alarm system may additionally comprise a voltage measuring module which compares the voltage applied to the input or the output of the subscriber operating voltage with a stored minimum value and supplies the comparison result to the processor, which interprets an undershooting of the stored minimum value of the operating voltage as an interrupt command.
FIG. 1 is, simplified, the scheme of a hazard detection system shown.
the central unit ZE which is the alarm center, in the case of larger systems a sub-center or an alarm center or a sub-center connected coupler can act.
the central unit ZE has a connection A and a connection B for a guided in the ring, embodied by a second wire line field bus whose beginning is accordingly connected to the terminal A and the end to the terminal B of the central unit ZE.
the fieldbus supplies eg up to 123 subscribers with their operating voltage and at the same time serves the digital communication between the central unit and these subscribers. For the sake of simplicity, only 10 subscribers are represented in a ring R.
Each participant has a two-pole input a and a two-pole output b.
T01 to T03 may be fire detectors
T04 may be an optical or acoustic escape route identifier
T05 may be an extinguishant controller, and so on.
the central unit can supply the ring R in an operating mode A via the connection A and / or in operating mode B via the connection B with operating voltage.
the central unit ZE comprises a logic which determines the operating mode as a function of the state of the fieldbus.
the logic detects an open circuit or a short on the fieldbus in A-mode, it will attempt to be ready for operation by switching to B-mode or A / B mode, ie powering the fieldbus and communicating between them Terminals A and B off, to maintain.
FIG. 2 Structure shown as a block diagram. If the fieldbus is not operated as a ring but only as a stitch, the structure is simplified accordingly.
the subscriber has input terminals a + and a- as well as output terminals b + and b-.
the field bus embodying two-wire line is connected to the input terminals a + and a-.
the continuing two-wire line is connected to the output terminals b + and b-, respectively.
Between the terminals a + and b + is a closed in regular operation disconnector TR, for example, a relay contact or a controlled semiconductor switch.
the disconnector TR can also lie between the terminals a and b.
the separator TR comprises two series-arranged FETs as switches, which are selectively, ie programmatically, individually or jointly switchable via switching commands.
a current sensor IS for example in the form of a current measuring resistor whose current-proportional voltage drop measures an evaluation circuit AS, compares with a maximum value stored in a memory MA and the result and, in the case of an annularly guided field bus, also the direction of current flow to a processor between the terminals a and b transmitted ⁇ P.
the processor ⁇ P is furthermore connected to a sensor or an actuator S / A, for example to the detection circuit of a scattered light smoke detector or to the control circuit of an extinguishing agent system.
the processor sends status messages to the central unit ZE in via a communication module KM Fig. 1 and receives from these commands in the form of data telegrams.
the processor ⁇ P controls the switching state of the disconnector TR.
the communication module KM can also report the switching state of the disconnector TR to the central unit ZE.
the evaluation circuit AS queries via the current sensor IS, the current on the fieldbus, that is, the current through the subscriber, in short intervals periodically.
the maximum value is preferably stored in the memory MA during the commissioning of the alarm system, as well as the current flow direction in normal operation of the ring. If the maximum value is exceeded, the processor ⁇ P starts a timer ZG. Depending on the direction (the sign) of the current, the processor determines ⁇ P after expiration of either a stored delay time VZa or after the lapse of a stored delay time VZb, whether the exceeding of the maximum value of the current characterizing signal persists. Only if this is the case does the processor ⁇ P trigger the opening of the disconnector TR. The resulting performance is then based on Fig. 3 be explained.
the processor .mu.P receives its internal operating voltage from an energy store ES, for example a capacitor, which is dimensioned so that at least the processor .mu.P and the current measuring circuit IS, AS remain operable at least until the disconnector TR is opened.
the energy store ES is connected to the line between a + and b + via diodes D1 and D2 on both sides of the disconnector TR in order to prevent the energy store ES from discharging via the short-circuit point in the event of a short circuit.
the subscriber has a voltage measuring module Sa and Sb on the input side and output side.
the voltage measuring modules compare the operating voltage present at the input and the output of the subscriber with a stored minimum value and, if not reached, supply a signal to the processor which can interpret this signal as an interrupt command to execute certain routines such as the control or interrogation of the sensor or actuator S /.
a or the data traffic with the communication module KM cancel and immediately start the timer ZG. This shortens the time until the necessary opening of the disconnector TR.
a / D converters can be integrated in the processor ⁇ P and all values to be stored can be stored in a common memory IC.
Fig. 3 in the ordinate direction, the subscribers T01 to T10 are plotted in the abscissa direction, the delay times VZa and VZb rising from left to right in a symbolic time grid.
Each of the participants T01 to T10 is assigned a specific delay time for him. This depends on its “distance” from the respective feeding connection of the central unit ZE and the longer, the closer the relevant subscriber is to the feeding connection. By “distance” is meant the number of further participants up to the (respective) connection.
the subscriber T01 As seen from the A port of the central unit ZE, the first subscriber, but when fed via the B port of the central unit ZE is the last subscriber (T10), the subscriber T01 is at startup of the system as a delay time VZa of Value t10 and assigned as delay time VZb the value t1 for storage, etc. Conversely, for example, the participant T10 as the delay time VZa the value t1 and assigned as delay time VZb the value t10 and stored in this. Consequently, the subscriber T01 has the longest delay time t10 [VZa] and the shortest delay time t1 [VZb], the subscriber T09 the delay times t9 [VZa] and t2 [VZb], etc.
the subscribers T07 to T06 are supplied (only) with operating voltage via the A connection; T10, however, via the B port. Therefore, for T01 to T06 only the delay times VZa from t10 to t5 are relevant and marked as circles.
the delay times t4 [VZa] to t1 [VZa], which are not relevant in the case under consideration but are also stored, are shown as dashed circles.
only the relevant delay times t7 [VZb] to t10 [VZb] are represented as circles for the subscribers T10 to T07.
the further stored delay times t1 [VZb] to t6 [VZb] are also not shown for the sake of clarity.
the subscriber T06 with the shortest delay time t5 [VZa] and also the subscriber T07 with the shortest delay time t7 [VZb] are the first to recognize this state. These delay times are additionally marked with "X". These two participants consequently open their separators TR. Thus the fault location is separated from the ring bus. The participants T01 to T05 and the participants T08 to T10 recognize, however, at the end of their respective longer delay times VZa or VZb that the maximum permissible value MA of the current is (again) below. Their disconnectors TR therefore remain closed. Consequently, the previous functioning of the hazard alarm system is restored at least for the participants T01 to T05 and T08 to T10. The functionality can be completely restored, ie also for the subscribers T06 and T07 on both sides of the fault location, if these two subscribers in turn can also process signals from their sensors or commands for their actuators after opening their disconnectors.
the command of the processor ⁇ P which triggers the opening of the disconnector TR, can be used at the same time for switching on an LED (not shown), which facilitates the location of the fault location for the maintenance personnel.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Alarm Systems (AREA)

EP20110155545 2010-06-02 2011-02-23 Procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'une installation d'alerte aux dangers Active EP2393073B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE102010022560.6A DE102010022560B4 (de)	2010-06-02	2010-06-02	Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gefahrenmeldeanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP2393073A1 true EP2393073A1 (fr)	2011-12-07
EP2393073B1 EP2393073B1 (fr)	2013-07-31

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EP20110155545 Active EP2393073B1 (fr)	2010-06-02	2011-02-23	Procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'une installation d'alerte aux dangers

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EP (1)	EP2393073B1 (fr)
DE (1)	DE102010022560B4 (fr)
ES (1)	ES2433668T3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

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WO2014059959A1 (fr) *	2012-10-15	2014-04-24	Telesystems Thorwarth Gmbh	Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion
CN103778755A (zh) *	2012-08-23	2014-05-07	诺瓦尔有限责任公司	具有本地能量存储单元的报警装置和基于总线的报警系统
EP3441958A1 (fr) *	2017-08-10	2019-02-13	Wagner Group GmbH	Module de commande et de surveillance
CN110261757A (zh) *	2019-06-10	2019-09-20	南京宏泰半导体科技有限公司	一种数字隔离芯片测试方法和系统
CN112034274A (zh) *	2019-06-03	2020-12-04	西门子瑞士有限公司	用于测试连接到总线系统的多个信号器的方法以及信号器

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE102020201702B4 (de)	2019-02-11	2025-02-20	Hekatron Vertriebs Gmbh	Verfahren zur Leitungsüberwachung in einem Gefahrenmeldesystem sowie Leitungsüberwachung für ein Gefahrenmeldesystem

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2010
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2011
- 2011-02-23 ES ES11155545T patent/ES2433668T3/es active Active
- 2011-02-23 EP EP20110155545 patent/EP2393073B1/fr active Active

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
CN103778755A (zh) *	2012-08-23	2014-05-07	诺瓦尔有限责任公司	具有本地能量存储单元的报警装置和基于总线的报警系统
WO2014059959A1 (fr) *	2012-10-15	2014-04-24	Telesystems Thorwarth Gmbh	Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion
EP3441958A1 (fr) *	2017-08-10	2019-02-13	Wagner Group GmbH	Module de commande et de surveillance
WO2019029763A1 (fr) *	2017-08-10	2019-02-14	Wagner Group Gmbh	Module de pilotage et de surveillance
CN112034274A (zh) *	2019-06-03	2020-12-04	西门子瑞士有限公司	用于测试连接到总线系统的多个信号器的方法以及信号器
EP3748599A1 (fr) *	2019-06-03	2020-12-09	Siemens Schweiz AG	Procédé pour opérer et tester un système de signalisation de danger avec un système de bus, détecteurs pour connexion à un système de bus et système de signalisation de danger avec un système de bus
US11297401B2 (en)	2019-06-03	2022-04-05	Siemens Schweiz Ag	Method for testing a plurality of notification appliances connected to a bus system and notification appliance for conducting the test
CN112034274B (zh) *	2019-06-03	2023-09-22	西门子瑞士有限公司	用于测试连接到总线系统的多个信号器的方法以及信号器
CN110261757A (zh) *	2019-06-10	2019-09-20	南京宏泰半导体科技有限公司	一种数字隔离芯片测试方法和系统

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE102010022560A1 (de)	2011-12-08
ES2433668T3 (es)	2013-12-12
EP2393073B1 (fr)	2013-07-31
DE102010022560B4 (de)	2017-03-23

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