EP2461299B1 - Test de dispositif d'alarme utilisant des messages acoustiques à codage temporel - Google Patents

Test de dispositif d'alarme utilisant des messages acoustiques à codage temporel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2461299B1
EP2461299B1 EP11394025.8A EP11394025A EP2461299B1 EP 2461299 B1 EP2461299 B1 EP 2461299B1 EP 11394025 A EP11394025 A EP 11394025A EP 2461299 B1 EP2461299 B1 EP 2461299B1
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Prior art keywords
processor
alarm device
alarm
testing device
acoustic
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EP11394025.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2461299A3 (fr
EP2461299A2 (fr
Inventor
Michael Byrne
Fergus Flynn
Brendan Barry
James Duignan
Michael Guinee
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EI Technology Ltd
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EI Technology Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B1/00—Systems for signalling characterised solely by the form of transmission of the signal
    • G08B1/08—Systems for signalling characterised solely by the form of transmission of the signal using electric transmission ; transformation of alarm signals to electrical signals from a different medium, e.g. transmission of an electric alarm signal upon detection of an audible alarm signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/14—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits
    • G08B29/145—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits of fire detection circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to alarm devices such as smoke alarm devices.
  • CA1,116,284 describes use of coded alarm signals in an alarm system in order to avoid interconnect wiring.
  • US2004/0217857 describes a smoke detector which provides an RF coded signal.
  • EP2003632 describes adjusting sensitivity of an acoustic sensor.
  • the invention is directed towards providing an improved interface for alarm devices to address these issues.
  • an alarm device as set out in claim 1.
  • the user interface is a test button
  • the processor is adapted to automatically generate the message upon user pressing of the test button.
  • the processor is adapted to automatically generate the message upon user pressing of the test button in a pre-defined pattern.
  • the pattern may be duration of pressing.
  • the user interface is a remote control interface.
  • the processor is adapted to generate the message after a pre-determined rise time.
  • the sound emitter is a piezo emitter.
  • the processor is adapted to time encode the message with a combination of a preset on duration and off duration being a binary 0, and a combination of a different preset on duration and off duration being a binary 1.
  • each of said durations is in the range of 5ms to 100ms.
  • the on duration is in the range of 10ms to 30ms and the off duration is in the range of 30ms to 50ms.
  • the processor is adapted to frequency encode the information, and frequency levels are in the range of 2000 Hz and 4000Hz, and the time ranges for frequency levels are in the range of 10ms to 50ms.
  • the device comprises a sound detector, and the processor is adapted to receive acoustic messages and to decode them.
  • the detector is a piezo disc adapted to act as a tuned microphone.
  • the piezo disc is tuned at a frequency in the range of 2000Hz to 3500Hz.
  • the processor is adapted to receive said acoustic messages on installation, and to store data encoded in the messages.
  • the information includes an alarm device serial number.
  • the processor is adapted to act upon decoded information received in said acoustic messages.
  • the invention provides an alarm system as set out in claim 10.
  • the system comprises a central host for communicating with the testing device and receiving and storing status data uploaded by the testing device.
  • At least one of the testing devices is adapted to generate acoustic signals to communicate information to an alarm device, and at least some of said alarm devices comprise a sound detector and the processor is adapted to decode received acoustic signals.
  • the testing device processor is adapted to generate a user alert according to decoded messages.
  • said processor is adapted to generate a user instruction according to the decoded messages.
  • the testing device comprises a camera
  • the processor is adapted to generate a user instruction to capture an image of an alarm device, and to correlate a captured image with decoded data for a particular alarm device to provide a test record.
  • the testing device sound detector comprises two or more microphones and the testing device processor is adapted to extract information from the signals received at all of said microphones.
  • the invention provides a method of testing an alarm device as set out in claim 17.
  • the testing device uploads the status data to a remote host.
  • the testing device comprises a camera
  • the testing device processor generates a user instruction to capture an image and subsequently correlates a captured image of the alarm device with the associated status data.
  • the testing device sound detector comprises two or more microphones and the testing device processor is adapted to extract information from the signals at long range, and/or in noisy environments, and/or in areas with multiple paths that would smear the sound received by one microphone.
  • an interface 1 for a smoke alarm device comprises a microprocessor 2, and transistors 3 and 4 controlling a horn 5.
  • the horn is conventional.
  • the microprocessor 2 is programmed to generate a test output record including various items of data such as the device's serial number, the battery level, a contamination level if it is an optical alarm, an event log, and an installation date. This information is encoded by control of the transistors 3 and 4 in an acoustic output from the piezo horn using an encoding technique akin to Morse code.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of how the information can be encoded, with a 40 ms sound pulse followed by a 20 ms off period indicating a '1' and a 20 ms sound pulse followed by a 40 ms off period indicating a '0'.
  • These pulses are generated by turning transistor 4 ON and OFF as appropriate with the drive from the microprocessor as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the transistor 3 is configured to let the piezoelectric disc self resonate at its natural frequency, which is typically 3000 Hz for smoke and CO alarms.
  • Fig. 2 shows the modulation scheme; period 60 ms, with a 0 being 20 ms on and 40 ms off and a 1 being 40 ms on and 20 ms off.
  • the piezo disc (and hence the emitted sound) response/decay time is of the order of 3 ms, hence the minimum piezo on time is set to 20 ms. This is shown in Fig. 3 .
  • Fig. 4 shows a bit pattern of one embodiment
  • Fig. 5 shows a data packet.
  • a typical message includes preamble/start bits, serial number, contamination level, battery, voltage, event log information (about 60 bits are available with a 4 second message).
  • An alternative scheme is to use frequency modulation instead of, or in addition to, time-based "on-off" modulation.
  • the frequency could typically be changed by 400 Hz i.e. for a piezoelectric disc with a natural resonant frequency of 3000 Hz the modulation would be 2800 Hz and 3200 Hz.
  • the coding scheme may be for example :2800 Hz for 40 ms followed by 3200 for 20 ms could represent '1' and 2800 for 20 ms followed by 3200 Hz for 40 would be removed.
  • the emitter of the transistor 3 would be connected to 0 Volts instead.
  • the base of transistor 3 would be disconnected from the piezo disc feedback terminal.
  • the data is decoded by any electronic device having a microphone and a processing capability, such as a PDA, a laptop computer, or even a mobile phone. If the device has a camera then it could both capture the acoustic signal and take an image of the alarm device to provide a more comprehensive record. In one example, a mobile phone downloads over a mobile network an application to do this processing.
  • the installer would plug into a socket in the rear of the alarm device and enter the smoke alarm's serial number for that residence (9 digits max, for example), the date of installation, and a code for the location (for example, room) of the alarm.
  • a test button (not shown) upon which the microprocessor 1 generates the acoustic signal with the audit data as it is programmed to do.
  • This acoustic signal is captured by the user device. It may be decoded locally by the device, and the decoded data may be uploaded to a remote host. Alternatively a representation of the acoustic signal may be uploaded to a central host for decoding and further processing and storage.
  • the horn will send out a coded signal with information such as the following. This could be done immediately, or 5 seconds after the horn has reached full volume.
  • the "Unit Status" is to allow very rapid testing because with a good smoke alarm, the serial number and the "Test OK" is received by the checker in less than 1 second. This time is important because a checker is expected to check hundreds of smoke alarms in a day and time is of the essence. The vast majority of units will be "Test OK", with much less than 1% requiring further analysis and therefore the additional bits to be decoded which can take about 4 seconds.
  • the person presses the test button of the alarm device and holds the testing device near the alarm device to pick up the sound.
  • the testing device shows the above items on a display and/or transmits them to a web site or company database. This proves the alarm device has been inspected and tested.
  • the testing device can also tell the checker what to do, for example, replace battery or replace alarm device, or clean alarm device. Or if it had been "false" alarming, ask the checker if it could it be steam from a shower, or if it could be cooking fumes from a kitchen. It then generates an output indicating the appropriate action to take.
  • the checker could be asked if the alarm device is clean or has contamination, and if so, the type of contamination e.g. cobwebs or grease, and to key this information in.
  • the checker could be asked to photograph the unit within a time duration of say 30 seconds of testing, hence providing a visual record of the state of cleanliness of the alarm device at that time.
  • the checker could be a building resident, with a maintenance company operator only checking it every second year or every 5 years for example. If there is a fault or alarm and the resident contacts the maintenance company for a call out - the resident could be asked to hold the phone near the alarm, so the issue could be diagnosed remotely and the tenant then advised what to do.
  • the testing (for example annually, as required by the legislation in some countries) can be done very quickly.
  • the button When the button is pressed the horn sound is low (to protect the tester's ears) and on release it gives out the full digital information. Alternatively, it may only give out the digital information if the button is held for 1.5 seconds; or possibly if the button is pressed twice in 3 seconds, for example.
  • the results would be shown immediately by the logging device, with a simple pleasant sound ("ding") indicating a pass and a raucous sound indicating a fail.
  • the acoustic link could also be used just to analyse suspect units that fail a basic button test, if there was insufficient time to analyse all units.
  • a unique serial number (using for example 20 bits) may be pre-programmed into the alarm device at manufacture. This can then be associated with the address and room where it is installed, by interfacing with the installer's database. Alternatively, a serial number could be programmed into the unit at installation, using a socket in the rear of the unit. Having a unique serial number greatly helps with the tracking of smoke alarm devices - the devices can be sent back to the manufacturer for analysis and the subsequent report will clearly identify the unit and allow the maintenance company to relate it to the apartment from which it was removed. For example, if the unit was heavily contaminated or damaged, and it was clear that this was caused by a tenant, then the tenant (or landlord) could be billed for the replacement costs of fitting a new unit.
  • Such communication could also be used during testing to for example reset the event log.
  • the checker's PDA device receives a serial number and a "status OK" message, it could immediately send back an acoustic message to get the smoke alarm to reset its event log and for it to record that it had been tested by an official checker.
  • the invention allows very fast and convenient testing of alarm devices, with minimum additional cost or complexity. It makes use of existing hardware components in many conventional alarm devices, and indeed in user devices such as mobile phones in various embodiments.
  • the testing device may include two or more microphones, to generate stereo signals. This would assist with decoding the acoustic signals at long range, and/or in a multipath environment.
  • the signal processing can be used to make the microphone assembly directional as is well known.
  • the signal processing could also be used to mimic the signal processing done by a human being, where the signals from the two ears are used to decode conversations even in noisy environments.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Un dispositif d'alarme comprenant :
    une interface utilisateur,
    un processeur (2) adapté de façon à conserver en mémoire des informations d'état de dispositif, et
    un émetteur de sons (5),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le processeur (2) est adapté de façon à générer un message d'état acoustique par le codage automatique dans la sortie de l'émetteur de sons (5) d'au moins certaines informations d'état à codage binaire après la détection d'une instruction d'utilisateur au niveau de l'interface utilisateur, lesdites informations comprenant une indication d'état de batterie et des données d'événement d'alarme,
    dans lequel le codage est un codage en fréquence ou en temps adapté à un décodage par ordinateur.
  2. Un dispositif d'alarme selon la Revendication 1, où l'interface utilisateur est un bouton de test, et le processeur (2) est adapté de façon à générer automatiquement le message après une pression par l'utilisateur du bouton de test.
  3. Un dispositif d'alarme selon la Revendication 2, où le processeur (2) est adapté de façon à générer automatiquement le message après une pression par l'utilisateur du bouton de test selon un modèle prédéfini tel qu'une durée de pression.
  4. Un dispositif d'alarme selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, où le processeur est adapté de façon à inclure dans le message un numéro de série de dispositif et/ou un niveau de contamination de capteur et/ou une date d'installation de dispositif d'alarme.
  5. Un dispositif d'alarme selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, où le processeur est adapté de façon à coder en temps le message avec une combinaison d'une durée d'activité et d'une durée d'inactivité prédéfinies qui est un 0 binaire, et une combinaison d'une durée d'activité et d'une durée d'inactivité prédéfinies différentes qui est un 1 binaire, et où chacune desdites durées se situe dans la plage de 5 ms à 100 ms.
  6. Un dispositif d'alarme selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, où le processeur est adapté de façon à coder en fréquence les informations, et les niveaux de fréquence se situent dans la plage de 2000 Hz à 4000 Hz, et les plages temporelles pour les niveaux de fréquence se situent dans la plage de 10 ms à 50 ms.
  7. Un dispositif d'alarme selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, où le dispositif comprend un détecteur de sons, et le processeur est adapté de façon à recevoir des messages acoustiques et à les décoder.
  8. Un dispositif d'alarme selon la Revendication 7, où le détecteur est un disque piézo-électrique adapté de façon à agir en tant que microphone accordé.
  9. Un dispositif d'alarme selon la Revendication 7 ou 8, où le processeur est adapté de façon à recevoir lesdits messages acoustiques au moment de l'installation ou de la fabrication, et à conserver en mémoire des données codées dans les messages, et où les informations comprennent un numéro de série de dispositif d'alarme.
  10. Un système d'alarme avec au moins un dispositif d'alarme selon la Revendication 1, où :
    un microphone de dispositif de test est adapté de façon à capter le message acoustique,
    un processeur de dispositif de test est adapté de façon à décoder ledit message acoustique de façon à déterminer des données d'état de dispositif d'alarme, et
    est adapté de façon à générer une sortie d'état d'utilisateur, et
    le dispositif de test comprend une dispositif électronique portatif possédant un microphone, dont le processeur est programmé de façon à décoder des signaux acoustiques captés par le microphone.
  11. Un système selon la Revendication 10, où le système comprend un hôte central destiné à la communication avec le dispositif de test et à la réception et à la conservation en mémoire de données d'état téléchargées par le dispositif de test.
  12. Un système selon la Revendication 10 ou 11, où le dispositif de test est un assistant numérique personnel, un ordinateur portatif ou un téléphone mobile.
  13. Un système selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 10 à 12, où au moins un dispositif d'alarme comprend un détecteur de sons et le processeur est adapté de façon à décoder des signaux acoustiques reçues, et le dispositif de test est adapté de façon à générer des signaux acoustiques de façon à communiquer des informations audit dispositif d'alarme.
  14. Un système selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 10 à 13, où le processeur de dispositif de test est adapté de façon à générer une alerte ou une instruction d'utilisateur en fonction des messages décodés.
  15. Un système selon la Revendication 14, où le dispositif de test comprend un appareil de prise de vues, et le processeur est adapté de façon à générer une instruction d'utilisateur de façon à capturer une image d'un dispositif d'alarme et à mettre en corrélation une image capturée avec des données décodées pour un dispositif d'alarme particulier de façon à fournir un enregistrement test.
  16. Un système selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 10 à 15, où le détecteur de sons de dispositif de test comprend deux ou plus microphones, et le processeur de dispositif de test est adapté de façon à extraire des informations à partir des signaux reçus au niveau de la totalité desdits microphones.
  17. Un procédé de test d'un dispositif d'alarme possédant une interface utilisateur, un émetteur de sons et un processeur adapté de façon à générer un message d'état acoustique par la commande de l'émetteur de sons, où le procédé comprend les opérations suivantes :
    la réception par le processeur de dispositif d'alarme d'une instruction de test d'utilisateur,
    le codage automatique par le processeur de dispositif d'alarme dans la sortie de l'émetteur de sons d'au moins certaines informations d'état à codage binaire de façon à fournir un message d'état acoustique, lesdites informations comprenant une indication d'état de batterie et des données d'événement d'alarme, et
    la capture par un microphone de dispositif de test du message acoustique, le décodage par un processeur de dispositif de test dudit message acoustique de façon à déterminer des données d'état de dispositif d'alarme, et la génération d'une sortie d'état d'utilisateur, ledit dispositif de test comprenant un dispositif électronique portatif possédant ledit microphone et ledit processeur, ledit processeur étant programmé de façon à exécuter ledit décodage.
  18. Un procédé selon la Revendication 17, où le dispositif de test télécharge les données d'état vers un hôte distant.
  19. Un procédé selon la Revendication 17 ou 18, où le dispositif de test comprend un appareil de prise de vues, et le processeur de dispositif de test génère une instruction d'utilisateur destiné à la capture d'une image et subséquemment met en corrélation une image capturée du dispositif d'alarme avec les données d'état associées.
  20. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 17 à 19, où le détecteur de sons de dispositif de test comprend deux ou plus microphones et le processeur de dispositif de test est adapté de façon à extraire des informations à partir des signaux à longue portée et/ou dans des environnement bruyants et/ou dans des zones avec des trajets multiples qui pourraient maculer le son reçu par un microphone.
EP11394025.8A 2010-12-06 2011-12-02 Test de dispositif d'alarme utilisant des messages acoustiques à codage temporel Active EP2461299B1 (fr)

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CN104734779A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 中兴通讯股份有限公司 简单数据处理方法及装置
WO2018044331A1 (fr) * 2016-09-04 2018-03-08 Honeywell International Inc. Détection d'un homme blessé pour un dispositif d'alarme de sécurité personnel
US20190005811A1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Honeywell International Inc. Systems and methods for downloading data from a monitoring device to a mobile device
JP2019049784A (ja) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-28 矢崎エナジーシステム株式会社 警報器
US11651675B2 (en) * 2018-02-02 2023-05-16 Siemens Schweiz Ag Safety device inspection
EP4089655B1 (fr) 2021-05-10 2024-07-10 E.I. Technology Unlimited Company Interface acoustique pour un dispositif d'alarme

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EP2461299A3 (fr) 2015-07-29
EP2461299A2 (fr) 2012-06-06
IE20110538A1 (en) 2012-06-06
DE202011110746U1 (de) 2016-01-26

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