Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
  • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
  • F01C1/063—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents with coaxially-mounted members having continuously-changing circumferential spacing between them

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine.
• the invention relates to an absolutely innovative internal combustion engine, based on dynamic contrast pulses.
• the invention relates to an innovative system that turns the energy produced in the combustion chamber of an endothermic engine, into mechanical energy without the need for a rod and crank system, traditionally provided in combustion engines.
• internal combustion engine or endothermic motor, or spark-ignition engine
• spark-ignition engine is a particular thermic engine whose operation is based on that the combustion of a mixture of a fuel and a comburent (air) takes place within a combustion chamber, fed by an appropriate facility.
• the heat produced during the spark-ignition is turned into mechanical work, and then used appropriately, in many different ways, while combustion products are expelled through the exhaust system.
• the proposed solution according to the present invention is introduced; the solution is a completely innovative internal combustion engine that saves fuel, with a reduced number of components, reducing the overall weight of the engine, an increase of engine performance and reduce harmful emissions.
• an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinders/head group and at least one pistons group, said groups rotating relatively to each other about a first rotation pin; said at least one cylinders/head group has a first central hole, through which said first rotation pin passes, and a first axis, offset with respect to said first central hole; said at least one pistons group has a second central hole, through which said first rotation pin passes, a second axis, offset with respect to said second central hole, and a first slot, through which said first axis passes, set in a diametrically opposed position to said second axis with respect to said second central hole; the offset distance of said first and second axis from a central axis passing through said first and second central hole is the same; said internal combustion engine being characterized in that it comprises a central nucleus, having a third central hole, with a diameter smaller than said central hole diameters, and through which a second rotation pin passes, a second slot, through which said first axi
• said at leat one cylinders/head group is integral with said first pin, while said central nucleus idles about said second pin. Further, according to the invention, said at least one cylinders/head group and said at least one pistons group rotate about said first pin, while said central nucleus rotates integrally with sai second pin, eccentrically within said first and second slots.
• said first pin is made of two separate parts, but made centrally integral with each other by means of said second pin.
• said first pin and second pin are made up of a single piece.
• the rotation of said first pin is conveyed to the outside of said internal combustion engine, by a pair of cylindrical gears.
• said rotation of said first pin is conveyed to the outside of said internal combustion engine, by a pair of bevel gears.
• said central nucleus is comprised of a central rod and two side rods, linked to each other, said central rod having said third hole and each said side rods having said slots.
• said slots are substantially round shaped.
• said side rods are linked to said central rod by two pins, each of them inserted within a fourth hole, on one of said side rods, and within a fifth hole on said central hole, said side rods being symmetrical with respect to said third hole.
• each said side rods have, in their thickness, a housing, in correspondence of the link with said central rod, said housing being suitable for receiving said central rod, so that it is free to rotate.
• said central rod has, in their thickness, two housings, in correspondence of the link with said side rods, said housings being suitable for receiving said side rods, so that they are free to rotate.
• said at least one cylinders/head group comprises two toric-shaped cylinders and said at least one pistons group comprises two toric-shaped pistons.
• said at least one cylinders/head group comprises two rectilinear cylinders and said at least one pistons group comprises two rectilinear pistons.
• said at least one cylinders/head group comprises four toric-shaped cylinders, set two by two opposite to each other, each opposite cylinder couple being placed on two parallel planes, and said at least one pistons group comprises four toric-shaped pistons, corresponding to said cylinders.
• said at least one cylinders/head group comprises four rectilinear cylinders, set two by two opposite to each other, each opposite cylinders couple being placed on two parallel planes, and said at least one pistons group comprises four rectilinear pistons, corresponding to said cylinders.
• more than one unit is provided, each of them placed side by side on the same rotation pin.
• figure 1 is an exploded view of the three basic elements of internal combustion engine according to the invention.
• figure 2 shows schematically the three basic elements assembled together in elevation and section according to the invention
• figure 3 shows schematically the various steps of operation of the internal combustion engine according to the invention
• figure 4 shows the positions that some basic particulars of the motor take on each other during operation according to the invention
• figure 5 shows in (a) the supply scheme of the cylinders of internal combustion engine according to the invention; in (b) it shows the pattern of the exhaust of combustion of internal combustion engine according to the invention;
• figure 6 is an exploded view of the three basic elements of internal combustion engine according to a further embodiment of the invention; figure 7 shows schematically the three basic elements assembled together in elevation and section according to the engine of figure 6;
• figure 8 sh ows schematically the operation of the internal combustion engine according to the engine of figure 6;
• figure 9 is an exploded view of the three basic elements of internal combustion engine according to another embodiment of the invention.
• figure 10 shows schematically the three basic elements assembled together, in (a) in elevation and in (b), (c) and (d) in section according to the engine of figure 9;
• figure 11 shows schematically the operation of the internal combustion engine according to the engine of figure 9;
• figure 12 is an exploded view, in elevation and in section, of the basic elements of a second embodiment of one of the three fundamental elements of the internal combustion engine;
• figure 13 shows schematically the operation of the internal combustion engine using such second embodiment of the invention.
• the cylinders group 1 has a circular shape, with housings (cylinders) 4 for the sliding of the pistons 5, the shape and number of which may vary obviously depending on specific needs.
• the cylinders group 1 and the pistons group 2 are coaxial and rotate about a same pin A. Their rotation is driven by the central nucleus 3.
• Said central nucleus 3 has two slots 11, 13 with an elongated shape, and a central hole.8, which engages a pin 15.
• Cylinders group 1 has a central hole 6, coinciding with the central hole 7 of the pistons group 2.
• Central hole 6 and central hole 7 have a diameter larger than the diameter of said pin 15, which is in eccentric position with respect to them.
• Said cylinders group 1 has also an axis 9, offset from said central hole 6, which passes through a slot 10 provided on the pistons group 2 and through said hole 11 provided on the central nucleus 3, within which slot 11 it may slide along special sliding blocks.
• pistons group 2 has its own axis 12, which passes through said slot 13 of central nucleus 3 within which can slide along proper sliding blocks.
• Said axes 9, 12 are equidistant from an axis passing through the center of the hole 6 and hole 7.
• An internal combustion engine which includes such elements 1 , 2 and 3 assembled as described (see Figure 2), allows to turn the energy of the spark into mechanical energy, by performing the typical steps of an internal combustion engine without the need for a kinematic mechanism that provides rod and crank.
• the internal combustion engine according to the invention preserves the operating cycle of internal combustion engines of any type, adopting a mechanical system, to generate the rotary motion, totally different from the traditional connecting rod - crank system.
• the two elements 1 and 2 are coaxial and rotate about the pin A, while the central nucleus 3 has its own pin 15 that rotates eccentrically within it.
• cylinders 4 and pistons 5 are shown toric-shaped, but they may also have different form, without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.
• the central nucleus 3 is housed within the pistons group 2 and has the two slots 11 , 13 already mentioned, symmetrically in respect with the central hole 8.
• the pin 9 passes through the slot 11 and the pin 12 passes through the slot 13; both pins can slide along proper sliding boxes.
• the pin 12 is connected to the pistons group 2, while the other pin 9 passes through the pistons group 2 in the shaped slot 10, connecting to the cylinders group 1.
• the three elements 1 , 2 and 3 are thus constrained to rotate in the same direction and make interdependent movements.
• Figure 3 shows how the movements of the three elements 1 , 2, 3, during a rotation, occur in different ways .
• the piston 5 1 ends the exhaust step and starts the intake step, while the piston 5", during the spark step, begins expansion.
• said piston 5 1 ends the intake step and begins the compression step, while said piston 5" ends the expansion step and starts the exhaust step.
• said piston 5 1 is in the spark step and is starting the expansion step, and said piston 5" ends the exhaust step and begins the intake step.
• TDC position of figure 3a
• BDC Bottom Dead Center
• the cylinders group 1 and pistons group 2 rotate with the same speed only at TDC (Figs. 3a, 3c) and at BDC (Figs. 3b, 3d) and reach the largest difference between their speeds when the central nucleus 3, during rotation, is in a position of +90° and +270°, TDC being at 0°.
• the pistons 5 therefore execute their stroke movement within the cylinders 4 in both directions for each revolution, and not because of an alternative movement, but because of the speed variations, that occur at every revolutions, between elements that rotate in the same direction.
• the internal combustion engine according to the invention can satisfy all the different functional characteristics of the existing engines capable of using any type of appropriate fuel. For example, for an internal combustion engine with 4-stroke cycle, the four steps occ.ur in the traditional way:
• - intake corresponds to the stroke of the piston from TDC to BDC;
• the direction of rotation of the engine can be chosen at will.
• the engine may include more cylinders.
• the sliding of the pins 9, 12 in the slots 11 , 13 of the central nucleus 3 can be turned into a circular motion.
• the angle Y which determines the extent of the piston stroke 5 varies according to the eccentricity of the central nucleus 3 with respect to the rotating elements and the distance of the pins 9, 12 from the center of rotation of said elements 1 , 2.
• Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the intake and exhaust system of the engine according to the invention. At first, it has to be emphasized that charge and exhaust are not part of the invention, and therefore they are described in illustrative purposes.
• injectors 17 (but could also be a carburetors) are provided for injection, linked to cylinders 4 by a ring connector 16.
• the cylinders group 1 has a circular shape, with four housings (cylinders) 4, placed pairwise on parallel plans.
• the pistons group 2 provides four pistons 5, placed as well pairwise on parallel plans, so as to slide within said cylinders 4.
• the piston 5 1 ends the exhaust step and starts the intake step; the piston 5", during the spark step, begins expansion; piston 5'" ends the intake and begins compression step; piston 5"" ends the expansion step and starts exhaust.
• said piston 5' ends the expansion step and starts exhaust; said piston 5" ends the intake and begins compression step; the piston 5'", during the spark step, begins expansion; piston 5"" ends the exhaust step and starts the intake step.
• said piston 5' ends the exhaust step and begins intake step; said piston 5", during the spark step, begins expansion; said piston 5"' ends the expansion step and starts exhaust; piston 5"" ends the intake step and starts compression.
• the useful step of the spark occurs in the direction of the motion with a very large positive lever arm that generates a large torque.
• the engine according to the invention has very small dimensions, with the same capacity compared to conventional engines.
• the cylinders group 1 has a circular shape, with housings (cylinders) 4 for the sliding of pistons 5, the shape and number of which may vary obviously depending on specific needs.
• the cylinders group 1 and the pistons group 2 are coaxial and rotate about a same pin B. Their rotation is driven by the central nucleus 3.
• the pin B has a section with, on it external portions, a diameter that corresponds to the one of a central hole 6, provided on cylinders group 1 , and to the one of a central hole 7, on the pistons 2.
• the pin B has, therefore centrally, a variation of section 15', with a diameter smaller than the ones of said holes 6, 7, and eccentric with respect to their central axis.
• Said central nucleus 3 has two slots 11 , 13 with an elongated shape, and a central hole 8, which engages portion 15' of pin B.
• Pin B is inserted within the central hole 7 of pistons group 2, and within the hole 6 on cylinders group 1.
• Pistons group 2 has its own axis 12, which is offset from the hole 7 and a circular-shaped slot 10, in opposite position with respect to said hole 7.
• Axis 12 passes through said slot 13 of the central nucleus 3 within which can slide along proper sliding blocks.
• said cylinders group 1 has an axis 9, offset from pin B 1 which passes through a slot 10 provided on the pistons group 2 and through the hole 11 provided on the central nucleus 3, within which slot 11 it may slide along special sliding blocks.
• Said axes 9, 12 are equidistant from an axis passing through the center of the pin B.
• the two elements 1 and 2 are coaxial and rotate about the pin B, while the central nucleus idles about pin 15.
• the central nucleus 3 is housed within the pistons group 2 and has the two slots 11 , 13 already mentioned, symmetrically in respect with the central hole 8.
• the pin 9 passes through the slot Hand the pin 12 passes through the slot 13; both pins can slide along proper sliding boxes.
• the pin 12 is connected to the pistons group 2, while the other pin 9 passes through the pistons group 2 in the slot 10 shaped, connecting to the cylinders group 1.
• the three elements 1 , 2 and 3 are thus constrained to rotate in the same direction and make interdependent movements.
• Figures 10b, 10c and 10d show in section some possible configurations of the pin B.
• Figure 10b shows the pin B made up of two separate parts B', B", but made integral with one another: the part B" presents the variation of section 15', and all three elements of the engine 1, 2, 3, rotate about it, the other portion B 1 is integral with the cylinders group 1 , and pistons group 2 rotates about, it.
• the pin B 1 integrally rotating with cylinders group 1 transfers its rotation outside.
• Figures 10c and 10d show pin B made up of a single piece.
• the central section has a smaller diameter and is eccentric (section 15), around which the central nucleus 3 rotates.
• the rotation is conveyed to the outside of the carter by a pair of cylindrical gears, in the solution of figure 10d, by a pair of bevel gears.
• the cylinders group 1 rotates 180°
• the central nucleus 3 makes a rotation equal to 180° - Y
• the pistons group 2 makes a smaller rotation of 180° - 2Y.
• This difference generates the sliding of the pistons within the cylinders, in a stroke that has the angular value of 2Y. It is possible to vary the amplitude of the stroke, by increasing or decreasing, changing the distance between the axes of the pin B and the pins 9 and 12, or by varying the eccentricity of the pin 15 with respect to pin B, as previously shown in Figure 4.
• the cylinders group 1 larger than the other two fundamental elements 2, 3, has no change of speed, only the smaller rotating elements having it, i.e. the pistons group 2 and the central nucleus 3; direct transfer of the impulse for the spark and reaction to exhaust of gases to the PTO (Power Take Off) is obtained, eliminating the interpolation of the mechanical system that consists of central nucleus 3 and links to rotating groups 1 , 2.
• the mechanical system determines, during the spark-ignition, a dynamic contrast, which increases spontaneously according to increasing rotation speed, due to the inertia of the pistons group, remaining constant the thrust produced by the blast.
• Central nucleus 30 is comprised of a central rod 31 and two side rods 32.
• Central rod 31 has a central hole 8, which engages in the pin 15, and two side holes 33, symmetrical with respect to hole 8.
• the side rods 32 have each a first hole 34 at their first end and a second hole 11, 13 at their second end.
• Second slot 11 engages in the pin 9 provided on cylinders group 1
• second hole 13 engages in the pin 12 provided on pistons group 2.
• the first holes 34 of side rods 32 and side holes 33 of central rod 31 are linked by a pin 35, central rod 31 being placed in two housings 36 within the thickness of side rods 32, so that said holes 33, 34 are aligned.
• the central nucleus 30 allows to obtain same rotations and same speed variations, between the three fundamental elements of the engine according to the invention, that are obtained using central nucleus 3 above discolsed, with the advantage of avoiding the need for sliding blocks for the sliding of the pins 9, 12 within slots 11 , 13 of the central nucleus 3.

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• 2009
  • 2009-08-07 IT ITRM2009A000432A patent/IT1395233B1/it active
• 2010
  • 2010-07-30 EP EP10762759A patent/EP2462317A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-07-30 WO PCT/IT2010/000344 patent/WO2011016072A2/en not_active Ceased

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