EP2487328A2 - Ancre pour la roche - Google Patents

Ancre pour la roche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2487328A2
EP2487328A2 EP12150719A EP12150719A EP2487328A2 EP 2487328 A2 EP2487328 A2 EP 2487328A2 EP 12150719 A EP12150719 A EP 12150719A EP 12150719 A EP12150719 A EP 12150719A EP 2487328 A2 EP2487328 A2 EP 2487328A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
rock
component
tube
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12150719A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Podesser
Michael Bayerl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP2487328A2 publication Critical patent/EP2487328A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0046—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts formed by a plurality of elements arranged longitudinally

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rock bolt according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • rock anchors In mining and tunneling rock anchors are used to prevent rock movements of the upcoming rock, to slow down or to secure larger flakes of pending rock and thus to allow safe operation. Two functional principles are known, some of which are combined.
  • anchoring of the anchor takes place by means of frictional engagement, wherein mechanical rock anchors or rock anchors generally also have an expansion sleeve and an expansion body.
  • anchor pipes In chemical rock anchors anchor pipes are connected with a hardening mortar or synthetic resin as a fixing material cohesively with the substrate or the upcoming rock.
  • the rock anchors are installed with or without bias in the upcoming rock.
  • rock and tunneling rock anchors are designed with an anchor tube, in particular as a hollow tube, used, the consist of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the fiberglass-reinforced plastic has only a slight elongation and a low compressive and shear strength at the tensile forces occurring at the anchor tube. Due to this low extensibility of the anchor tube made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, these rock anchors are to be set in high numbers with a small distance to prevent any movement of the substrate and to reduce the shear forces occurring per anchor. Due to the low compressive and shear strength, a large proportion of rock anchors with the anchor tube made of glass fiber reinforced plastic occurring during installation pressure and / or shear forces are damaged and / or destroyed.
  • rock anchors In coal mining such rock anchors are made with glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor tube used in the coal seam to secure the Auffahrrange on a Longwall route. These rock anchors are mined together with the coal and can not be removed or with a very high cost from the coal.
  • Rock anchors with an anchor tube made of steel are generally not used to secure the coal seam, as they are not cuttable or have after cutting very sharp edges.
  • the rock anchors with an anchor tube made of steel cut the conveyor belts or destroy other facilities in coal mining and thus cause high costs and failures.
  • rock anchors used in coal mining with an anchor tube made of glass-fiber reinforced plastic cause essentially no damage when being dismantled at the conveyor belts or other facilities of the mine, because they can be easily cut and thus easily cut by the mining equipment. However, these have only inadequate properties with regard to the mechanical properties with regard to elongation, compressive strength and shear strength.
  • the rock anchors with the anchor tube made of steel cause damage to the conveyor belts and other facilities of the mine disadvantageous in the mining of coal
  • the WO 2007/059580 A1 shows a self-tapping rock bolt with a cutting head and an anchor tube.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rock bolt in which, with sufficient extensibility and tensile strength, the rock bolt is cut for a simplified separation of mined pieces of the rock bolt.
  • a rock bolt in particular for use in mining, comprising an anchor tube, an anchor nut, a supported by the anchor nut anchor plate for resting on the rock, wherein the anchor tube at least partially, in particular completely, made of metal and plastic and the Metal and plastic existing at least one component of the anchor ear serves to absorb tensile forces.
  • the anchor tube of the rock anchor is thus made of metal, especially steel, and plastic.
  • the anchor tube can perform greater strains in the longitudinal direction of tensile forces occurring, so that thereby the rock bolt is also designed as a sliding anchor and thus occurring movements of the secured stone can be better secured.
  • mining equipment especially in coal mining, can easily cut and / or separate the anchor pipe of the rock bolt, so that damage to the technical equipment of the mining industry can be substantially avoided.
  • the anchor tube is at least partially, in particular completely, made of metal and plastic on an inner portion of the anchor tube.
  • the anchor tube has a front end and a rear end and the inner portion has a distance of at least 5%, 10% or 20% of the total length of the anchor tube to the front and rear ends.
  • the formation of the anchor tube made of metal and plastic thus preferably does not relate to a formation of metal and plastic at a region of the anchor tube in the vicinity of the front and rear end.
  • the anchor tube is constructed in several parts from components made of plastic and metal.
  • the at least one plastic component and the at least one metal component of the anchor tube are first produced separately and connected together during the manufacture of the anchor tube.
  • a component made of metal and a plastic component are alternately arranged on the armature tube in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the armature tube and / or the armature tube made of metal, in particular on the inner portion, no plastic envelope, in particular, the at least one component made of plastic no enclosure of the at least one metal component.
  • the plastic is fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic and the metal steel.
  • the at least one plastic component consists of at least 50%, 70% or 90%, in particular completely, of plastic and / or the at least one component consists of metal at least 50%, 70% or 90%, in particular completely, of metal ,
  • the anchor tube in a first section, in particular on the inner section, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anchor tube, the anchor tube is at least 50%, 70% or 90%, in particular completely, of plastic and in a second section, in particular on the inner section, perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the anchor tube, the anchor tube consists of at least 50%, 70% or 90%, in particular completely, of metal.
  • the components are connected to each other with an inner or outer side plastic sleeve and / or fibers of the plastic reinforced with the fibers are arranged on the metal component, in particular the fibers are impregnated with a matrix material and hardened, and with the fibers, the plastic component is connected to the metal component and / or the inner diameter of one component substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of another component, so that the other component is disposed axially within the component and the two components are with bonded to one another and / or a component has an internal thread and another component on an external thread, so that both components are screwed together axially on the inner and outer threads and / or the outer diameter of one component and, preferably partially, the inner diameter of another Component are substantially the same and the other component is partially pushed onto the one component at an overlap region and on the outside at the overlap region with a pressed-on sleeve, in particular made of metal, for.
  • both components are interconnected.
  • the anchor tube is formed as a hollow tube.
  • the anchor tube includes an interior
  • the rock anchor comprises a disposed within the interior fixation material for material fixation of the anchor tube to rock, a disposed within the interior, movable piston for conveying the fixative outside the anchor tube in an arrangement of the anchor tube in a Bore in the rock and at least one means for moving the piston.
  • the rock anchor is thus a chemical rock anchor.
  • a rear end of the anchor tube is closed by a cap, and the anchor tube and / or the cap has at least one opening for conducting the fixation substance from the interior enclosed by the anchor tube.
  • a mixer is arranged between the fixing substance and the at least one opening for mixing the fixing substance, in particular the two components, before the leakage of the fixing material from the at least one opening.
  • the rock anchor comprises an expansion sleeve and an expansion body.
  • the rock anchor is thus a mechanical rock anchor.
  • Rock anchors are also preferably rock anchors.
  • the fixative in particular a synthetic resin or mortar, comprises two components, eg. B. a glue component and a hardness component.
  • the two components are each arranged separately in a bag.
  • the bag is considered to be any device for storing the two separate components, for example a cartridge or other container.
  • the rock bolt in particular in the region of a front end or at the front end of the anchor tube, comprises a drill head.
  • the rock anchor is thus a self-cutting rock anchor.
  • a trained as a sliding anchor 2 rock anchor 1 is used in mining for temporary securing of rock on studs.
  • the rock bolt 1 comprises an anchor tube 3, which encloses an interior 4.
  • the rock bolt 1 is a chemical rock bolt 1, that is, with a arranged in the interior 4 fixing material 5, the anchor tube 3 can be firmly bonded to a rock 28.
  • a bore 29 is incorporated into the rock 28 and then the Rock anchor 1 in the hole 29 to push.
  • Fig. 1 shown before pressing the fixation substance 5 in a space between the anchor tube 3 and the rock 28.
  • Fig. 2 is the cohesively attached to the rock 28 rock anchor 1 shown.
  • the fixing substance 5 is a synthetic resin 6, which has an adhesive component 7 and a hardness component 8.
  • the adhesive component 7 is stored in a first bag 9 and the hardness component 8 is stored in a second bag 10.
  • the two bags 9, 10 are stored in the interior 9.
  • the interior 4 comprises a hydraulic chamber 17, which is closed by a ring member 20 in the region of the outside, rear end 37 of the anchor tube 3.
  • the ring member 20 has a hydraulic bore 19.
  • the hydraulic chamber 17 is further limited in the region of another, inner, front end 36 of a piston 11.
  • the inner front end 36 of the anchor tube 3 is closed by a cap 23 with an opening 24. Through the opening 24, the fixation substance 5 can flow out of the interior 4 of the anchor tube 3 outwards into the space, in particular annulus, between the anchor tube 3 and the rock 28.
  • a mixer 25 is arranged through which due to the geometric arrangement of the mixer 25 in the interior 4 of the fixing material 5 forcibly from the two bags 9, 10 must first flow through the mixer 25 and then flows out of the opening 24.
  • the mixer 25 devices for example, a corresponding geometry, to the effect that the fixing material 5 flows meandering or schlauchlinienförmig through the mixer 25 and thereby mixing of the adhesive component 7 with the hardness component 8 of the synthetic resin 6 before flowing out of the opening 24 occurs ,
  • an anchor nut 14 is screwed onto the external thread 18 with an internal thread and on the anchor nut 14 is an anchor plate 15.
  • the anchor plate 15 has a plate bore 13 without internal thread, within which the anchor tube 3 is arranged.
  • a piston 11 For introducing the fixative 5 in the space between the anchor tube 3 and the rock 28, a piston 11 is moved inwardly, that is, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 up. Thereby, the first and second bags 9, 10 are destroyed by the piston 11, so that the adhesive component 7 and the hardness component 8 move, and due to the decreasing volume of the inner space 4 between the piston 11 and the cap 23, the fixing agent 5 passes through the mixer 25 and the opening 24 is pressed into the space between the anchor tube 4 and the rock 28 and then hardened.
  • a hydraulic fluid for. As water, pumped under a high pressure and thereby moves the piston 11.
  • the hydraulic chamber 17 and the hydraulic bore 19 are thus a means 12 for moving the piston eleventh
  • Fig. 3 is a part of the anchor tube 3 is shown as a hollow tube in a longitudinal section.
  • the anchor tube 3 consists of components 26 made of metal, in particular steel or a steel alloy, and components 27 made of plastic, in particular as a glass fiber reinforced plastic. In this case, these components 26, 27 of metal and plastic are arranged alternately in the direction of a longitudinal axis 38 of the anchor tube 3. In Fig. 3 the type of connection between the components 26, 27 is not shown.
  • the non-illustrated fibers 32 of the glass fiber reinforced plastic of the components 27 in this case have fibers 32 which are aligned in the direction of the longitudinal axis 38 for receiving tensile forces on the anchor tube 3 and fibers 32 which are aligned at an angle to the longitudinal axis 38, for example perpendicular are aligned transversely or at an angle in the range of approximately 45 ° to the direction of the longitudinal axis 38.
  • These latter fibers 32 are transverse fibers and can absorb torsional stresses on the anchor tube 3.
  • the metal components 26 have a roughened surface 22 on the outside.
  • FIG. 4 to 8 different embodiments for connecting the components 26, 27 are shown.
  • the first embodiment according to Fig. 4 is by injection molding a plastic sleeve 31 applied both to the component 26 made of metal and to the component 27 made of plastic and thereby the two components 26, 27 are interconnected.
  • fibers of the glass fiber reinforced plastic component 27 are externally applied to the component 26 made of metal. These fibers are with a matrix material, eg. B. resin soaked and cured and can thereby a supporting connection to the component 26 made of metal, ie a steel part. In this case, these fibers 32 are aligned both as longitudinal fibers and as transverse fibers.
  • a matrix material eg. B. resin soaked and cured and can thereby a supporting connection to the component 26 made of metal, ie a steel part.
  • these fibers 32 are aligned both as longitudinal fibers and as transverse fibers.
  • a third embodiment for connecting the components 26, 27 is shown.
  • the inner diameter of one component 26 essentially corresponds to an outer diameter of another component 27. In essence, this means that the inner and outer diameters have a difference of less than 10%, 5%, 2% or 1%.
  • the component 27 can be inserted as a plastic part coaxially in the component 26 as a steel part and by means of an adhesive bond 33 a material connection between the components 26, 27 and also a positive connection can be made.
  • the component 26 has an external thread and the component 27 an internal thread, each as a thread 34. This allows the two threads 34 are screwed together and thereby a connection between the two components 26, 27 are produced.
  • a fifth embodiment for connecting the components 26, 27 is shown.
  • the fibers 32 in particular aligned as longitudinal and transverse fibers, are externally applied to the component 26 as metal. These fibers 32 applied externally to the component 26 are pressed or clamped together by means of a sleeve 35, in particular a steel sleeve 35. The sleeve 35 is thus pressed onto the fibers 32 or is tapered to create a radial compressive force between the fibers 32 and the outside of the metal component 26.
  • the armature tube 3 thus comprises successively the steel parts 26 or components 26 made of steel and the plastic parts 27 and the components 27 made of plastic. After attachment of the rock bolt 1 in the bore 29 or on the rock 28, the tensile forces are absorbed by the anchor tube 3.
  • the Components 26 made of metal, especially steel in the tensile forces occurring on a large strain, so that thereby at the anchor tube 3 at the high tensile forces occurring also a large total strain occurs because a substantial proportion of the anchor tube 3 is formed from the components 26.
  • the components 26 at least 30%, 50% or 70% of the total extent of the anchor tube 3.
  • the rock bolt 1 is also a sliding anchor and thus has a sliding function, so that slight movements of the secured rock 28th can be absorbed as elongations of the anchor tube 3 due to the occurring change in length. Movements of the rock 28 are thus allowed by the rock anchor 1. As a result, an unforeseen breakage of the anchor tube can be substantially avoided.
  • the rock bolt 1 is mainly used in mining, especially in coal mining.
  • rock anchors 1 for temporary securing of the upcoming rock 28, especially coal used.
  • the rock anchors 1 in the coal or in the rock 28 are also mined and can be cut and divided by the roller cutter or the coal planer and thereby transported away, because the plastic components 27 are easily severed by the Walzenschrämlader or the coal planer can.
  • only small portions of the anchor tube 3 occur after the degradation and these can be easily transported in the transport system and easily separated due to the proportion of metal in the components 26 with a magnetic separator.
  • a separation between the anchor pieces of metal and the coal in a treatment plant (wash plant) is possible because they have a large difference in density.
  • the rock bolt essentially comprises only the Anchor tube 3, the anchor nut 14 and the anchor plate 15.
  • the anchor tube 3 is not formed as a hollow tube, but as a solid profile.
  • the armature tube 3 with components 26, 27 made of metal and plastic has on the one hand at tensile forces occurring after installation of the rock bolt 1 in the bore 29 due to the use of metal to a sufficiently large strain, so that an unforeseen anchor break can be substantially avoided.
  • the anchor tube 3 can also absorb large pressure forces, which occur during insertion into the bore 29.
  • Both the components 26 as metal and the components 27 made of plastic have a high compressive strength, d. H. can absorb large pressure forces in the direction of the longitudinal axis 38.
  • the anchor pipes 3 can be easily cut by the mining equipment due to the exclusive use in the longitudinal direction 38 of components 27 made of plastic. As a result, damage to mining facilities in mining can be avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP12150719A 2011-02-14 2012-01-11 Ancre pour la roche Withdrawn EP2487328A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011004023A DE102011004023A1 (de) 2011-02-14 2011-02-14 Gesteinsacker

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2487328A2 true EP2487328A2 (fr) 2012-08-15

Family

ID=45531183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12150719A Withdrawn EP2487328A2 (fr) 2011-02-14 2012-01-11 Ancre pour la roche

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20120219365A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2487328A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2012200275A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2763987A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011004023A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201201037B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103937281A (zh) * 2014-03-19 2014-07-23 淮南市金德实业有限公司 一种反光型玻璃钢及制备方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CL2011000042A1 (es) 2011-01-07 2011-06-17 Sistema de fortificacion que comprende una barra helicoidal estandar, una cabeza de expansion adaptada a la rosca de la barra, un elemento de material plastico, un tubo de plastico corrugado, una placa de fortificacion estandar y una tuerca de fortificacion roscada segun el perno helicoidal que utiliza.
AU2016226313B2 (en) * 2015-03-03 2019-04-04 J-Lok Co. Pumpable two component resin
PE20190550A1 (es) 2016-09-02 2019-04-16 J Lok Co Sistema de resina bombeable
CN113389581B (zh) * 2021-08-04 2023-06-27 西安科技大学 一种用于煤矿巷道具有抗剪功能的可接长锚杆

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007059580A1 (fr) 2005-11-24 2007-05-31 Peter Andrew Gray Boulon d’ancrage autoperceur

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE6810475U (de) * 1968-12-05 1969-05-22 Mannesmann Ag Gebirgsanker
US4537535A (en) * 1981-06-25 1985-08-27 Macbain John W Rock reinforcement
US4601614A (en) * 1984-02-22 1986-07-22 Lane William L Rockbolt
DE29501638U1 (de) * 1995-02-02 1996-05-30 Friedr. Ischebeck Gmbh, 58256 Ennepetal Injektionsanker
US8434970B2 (en) * 2006-10-19 2013-05-07 Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc. Breakable rock bolt
AU2008230002B2 (en) * 2008-06-25 2012-05-03 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab A cuttable drilling tool, and a cuttable self drilling rock bolt
DE102010004926A1 (de) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Minova International Ltd., Chesterfield Gebirgsanker (Klebanker) mit gesondertem Misch- und Austragskopf
DE102010063098A1 (de) * 2010-12-15 2012-02-16 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Gesteinsanker

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007059580A1 (fr) 2005-11-24 2007-05-31 Peter Andrew Gray Boulon d’ancrage autoperceur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103937281A (zh) * 2014-03-19 2014-07-23 淮南市金德实业有限公司 一种反光型玻璃钢及制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA201201037B (en) 2013-06-26
AU2012200275A1 (en) 2012-08-30
CA2763987A1 (fr) 2012-08-14
US20120219365A1 (en) 2012-08-30
DE102011004023A1 (de) 2012-08-16

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