Classifications

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  • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
  • A61K31/05—Phenols
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  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/4985—Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
  • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
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  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition containing at least one polyphenol, at least one polyethylene glycol and / or a functional equivalent and at least one glycolic ether and / or a functional equivalent for its application as a medicament.
• Polyphenols which are hydrophobic molecules, are compounds that are found naturally in plants of the class of spermatophytes and particularly in the vine. Such compounds are found, for example, resveratrol in grapes and wine.
• hydroxystilbenes are used inter alia as depigmenting agents (JP87-192040), as vasodilator agents (EP 96-830517), as antithrombic agents (JP 05016413), in the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases (CA 2187990 ), as inhibiting agents for mutagenesis and carcinogenesis (JP 06024967), or described as antioxidants.
• Resveratrol (3,4 ', 5-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic phytoalexin. This compound is synthesized by plants and acts as antifungal in response to infections (Bothrytis cinerea). Resveratrol is found in various plants such as conifers, peanuts, red grape skins, certain legumes and Folygonum cuspidatum.
• Resveratrol has therapeutic qualities long known for traditional Chinese and Japanese medicines. Resveratrol has been implicated as being responsible for reducing cardiovascular risks called the "French Paradox". Indeed, it has been established a correlation between the consumption of red wine containing high levels of resveratrol, and the reduction of coronary heart disease. Numerous scientific studies have shown that resveratrol is an aryl hydrocarbon dioxin receptor (AhR) antagonist (Casper, RF, et al., Mol Pharmacol 1999, 56, 784-790). Resveratrol also has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, osteoprotective activities and may have a preventive effect in certain cancers.
• AhR aryl hydrocarbon dioxin receptor
• Ex vivo models are represented by infusions of small rat intestines. This type of study indicates that resveratrol is extracted from the small intestine at a rate of 46%, with 21% found at the vascular level and only 2% found at the intestinal level. This resveratrol is 40% free, while 11% is conjugated glucuron and 3% is in sulphated form. The glucuronide form is that found in the circulatory system whereas the sulphated form is the secreted form in the intestinal luminal part. This same type of study was performed in models of ileum and perfused colon.
• the inventors have thus used a galenic form making it possible to increase the absorption through resveratrol epithelial cells and thus its bioavailability.
• the subject of the invention is a composition for its application as a medicament comprising at least one polyphenol, at least one polyethylene glycol and / or a functional equivalent and at least one glycolic ether and / or a functional equivalent.
• composition according to the invention is preferably used for the treatment of metabolic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and as prebiotics.
• a first subject of the invention relates to a composition for its application as a medicament comprising:
• vs. at least one glycolic ether and / or functional equivalent.
• the composition according to the invention is useful for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
• Metabolic diseases means any type of disease or nutritional syndrome that disrupts normal metabolism.
• the metabolic disease according to the invention is a disorder of energy metabolism.
• the composition according to the invention may contain at least one other active ingredient.
• This active ingredient may be an oral antidiabetic such as metformin, sulfonylureas, glycosidase inhibitors, DPP4 inhibitors such as gliptins, thiazolodinesdiones or sulfonamides.
• an oral antidiabetic such as metformin, sulfonylureas, glycosidase inhibitors, DPP4 inhibitors such as gliptins, thiazolodinesdiones or sulfonamides.
• the DPP4 inhibitor is sitaglipin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, allogliptin, or another molecule involved in the direct or indirect inhibition of GLP-1 degradation.
• composition according to the invention is useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
• inflammatory diseases is meant, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, Crohn's disease, arthrosis, arthropathies such as gonarthrosis.
• the composition according to the invention may also be useful for subsequent postoperative inflammations, for example prosthesis insertion.
• composition according to the invention is useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
• neurodegenerative diseases is meant, for example, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Leucoaraiosis, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple sclerosis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
• the composition according to the invention is useful for the treatment of memory disorders and cognitive aspects.
• the composition can be used in the elderly to prevent the risk of memory loss and cognitive function.
• composition according to the invention is useful for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
• cardiovascular diseases are meant, for example, hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure or aneurysm.
• composition according to the invention is useful for the management of cardiometabolic risk factors.
• Cardiometabolic risk means the change in circulating concentration, relative to the normal values of healthy subjects, of lipids in all their forms: LDL, HDL, triglycerides, free fatty acids, in the form of lipoparticles, glucose, molecules inflammatory, prooxidant molecules, aggregation of platelets, ⁇ nitric oxide and derivatives.
• composition according to the invention is useful as a prebiotic.
• prebiotic we mean a molecule that modifies the intestinal flora in order to induce beneficial effects on health.
• Prebiotics affect metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, the risk of colon cancer, vitamin deficiency and bone decalcification. Changes in intestinal flora are particularly characterized in response to prebiotics by the recrudescence of bifidobacteria and lactobacteria genera.
• composition according to the invention can be used for the prevention of diseases such as metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
• composition according to the invention is useful for the treatment of neuromuscular diseases.
• neurodecular diseases is meant, for example, myopathies and amyotrophies.
• composition according to the invention can be used as a dietary or nutraceutical supplement.
• Food supplement means a food having a nutritional or physiological effect, marketed in the form of capsules, lozenges, tablets, ampoules, capsules, herbal teas or drinkable solutions whose purpose is to supplement the usual diet of the Man.
• “Nutraceutical” means a product that has a physiologically active food component that provides a health benefit (well-being and reduced risk of disease) regardless of the nutritional characteristics of the bases.
• the composition according to the invention contains at least one polyphenol which may be a natural or synthetic polyphenol.
• synthetic polyphenol is meant more specifically any polyphenol obtained by chemical synthesis and not by extraction of biological material (plants) and any derivative of a natural polyphenol modified by substitution or addition of atoms to the natural structure.
• these substitutions are halogens (Cl-, CF3-) or radicals of general structure R-O- where R is an aliphatic chain or an aromatic ring or a nitro radical.
• composition according to the invention contains at least one polyphenol which is a hydroxystilbene of formula (I),
• n is an integer from 0 to 4 inclusive and m is an integer from 0 to 5 inclusive.
• n is an integer from 0 to 4 inclusive and m is an integer from 0 to 5 inclusive.
• hydroxystilbene covers both compounds of formula I and their hydroxyalkylated derivatives.
• hydroxystilbenes mention may be made of mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octo, nonahydroxystilbene, or their hydroxyalkyl derivatives, of which, for example, 4'-hydroxystilbene or 2 ', 4'-dihydroxystilbene, 3 ', 4'-dihydroxystilbene, 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene, 2', 4 ', 4-trihydroxystilbene, 3', 4 ', 4-trihydroxystilbene, 2,4,4'-trihydroxystilbene, 3, 4,4'-trihydroxystilbene, 3,4 ', 5-trihydroxystilbene, 2', 3,4-trihydroxystilbene, 2,3 ', 4-trihydroxystilbene, 2', 2,4'-trihydroxystilbene, 2, 4,4 ', 5-tetrahydroxystilbene, 2', 3,4 ', 5-tetrahydroxystilbene, 2,2', 4,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene, 3,3 ', 4', 5'
• the composition according to the invention contains 3, 4 ', 5-trihydroxystilbene or resveratrol.
• composition according to the invention contains at least one polyethylene glycol and / or a functional equivalent.
• polyethylene glycol any polymer having the formula H (OCH 2 CH 2) n OH where n is greater than three.
• polyethylene glycols with a mean molecular weight of between approximately 100 and 20000, preferably of average molecular weight of between approximately 400 and approximately 10,000, and most preferably of average molecular weight between approximately 400 and approximately 600. .
• a polyethylene glycol of a given molecular weight may be used alone or mixed in any proportion with one or more other polyethylene glycols of varying molecular weight or other functional equivalents.
• polyethylene glycols used in the context of the invention may be at room temperature either in liquid form or in semi-solid form depending on their molecular weight. Consequently, these polymers will be appropriately selected according to whether the formulation intended to improve the absorption of the polyphenols according to the invention must be in liquid or semi-solid form.
• composition according to the invention may comprise polyethylene glycol, and / or one of its functional equivalents such as, for example, a polysorbate, in a proportion of between 20 and 97%, preferably between 40 and 97% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
• composition according to the invention contains at least one glycolic ether and / or a functional equivalent.
• the functional equivalent of the ether can be used glycolic, glycerin or polyglyceryl-3 dioleate (polyglyceric ester of fatty acids or one of its equivalents).
• the glycolic ether may be chosen from diethylene glycol ethers such as, for example, diethylene glycol alkyl ethers, particularly diethylene glycol (C1-C4) alkyl ethers, chosen from diethylene glycol methyl ether and diethylene glycol ethyl ether. diethylene glycol propylyl ethers or diethylene glycol butyl ethers, very particularly the diethylene glycol mono (C1-C4) alkyl ethers chosen from diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropylyl ethers or diethylene glycol monobutyl ethers.
• diethylene glycol ethers such as, for example, diethylene glycol alkyl ethers, particularly diethylene glycol (C1-C4) alkyl ethers, chosen from diethylene glycol methyl ether and diethylene glycol ethyl ether.
• diethylene glycol alkyl ethers methyl and ethyl ethers, especially diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, are preferred.
• glycol ethers may according to the invention be used alone or in any proportion to one or more other glycolic ether (s) or other functional equivalents.
• composition according to the invention may comprise glycolic ether, and / or one of its functional equivalents such as, for example, glycerine or polyglyceryl-3 dioleate (polyglycerol ester of fatty acids or one of its equivalents), in a proportion of between 2 and 79%, preferably between 2 and 59% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
• a particularly preferred composition according to the invention will comprise between 50 and
• polyethylene glycol and / or one of its functional equivalents such as for example a polysorbate, between 3 and 46% of glycolic ether, and / or one of its functional equivalents, for example glycerin or polyglyceryl-3 dioleate (polyglyceric fatty acid ester or one of its equivalents), and a sufficient amount of water to reach 100%.
• a polysorbate between 3 and 46% of glycolic ether, and / or one of its functional equivalents
• glycerin or polyglyceryl-3 dioleate polyglyceric fatty acid ester or one of its equivalents
• the composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one emulsifier.
• the emulsifier may be a polysorbate, even more advantageously a polysorbate chosen from polysorbate 20 (Tween 20 or polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), polysorbate 40 (Tween 40 or polyoxyethylene (20) monopalmitate sorbitan), Polysorbate 60 (Tween 60 or polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate), or Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80 or Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate).
• the composition according to the invention is suitable for administration orally, nasally or rectally.
• composition according to the invention can thus take the form of dragees, capsules, gels, emulsions, tablets, capsules or another pharmaceutical form that can be used orally.
• the composition according to the invention may also take the form of a nasal spray or a suppository. These forms are made by the usual methods known to those skilled in the art.
• composition according to the invention can be formulated in an encapsulated form so as to significantly improve their survival time.
• Figure 1 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on glucose tolerance.
• NC corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 2 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on the synthesis of GLP-1.
• HFD corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• HFD RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 2A corresponds to analyzes of GLP-1 mRNA active in the colon
• Figure 2B to analyzes of the GLP-1 active protein in the colon
• Figure 2C to analyzes of the molar concentration of GLP-1. 1 active in the hepatoportale vein.
• Figure 3 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on glucose tolerance in knockout mice for the active GLP-1 receptor.
• HFD corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• HFD RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 4 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on the concentration of circulating insulin.
• NC corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 5 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on the secretion of IL10.
• NC corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• HFD RSV or RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 5A corresponds to analyzes of IL10 mRNA in the colon
• Figure 5B to analyzes of the IL 10 protein in the colon
• Figure 5C to IL1O mRNA analyzes in the liver.
• Figure 6 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on PAI-1 in the hypothalamus.
• NC corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 7 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on IL10 in the hypothalamus.
• NC corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 8 Labyrinth test in Y.
• JS corresponds to young mice (4 months) and AS corresponds to aged mice (22 months).
• the + sign corresponds to the mice which had the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• the sign - corresponds to the mice which did not have the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 9 Effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on lipid parameters risk factors related to cardiovascular and metabolic risk
• NC corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• RSV corresponds to the mice that have been fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 10 Prebiotic effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• NC corresponds to the Controls. These mice were fed the standard laboratory diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol. HFD corresponds to mice fed with an inflammatory diabetogenic diet alone.
• HFD corresponds to the controls. These mice were fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• HFD RSV corresponds to the mice fed with the inflammatory diabetogenic diet with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Figure 11 Co-administration of sitaglipine, an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and BioA-RSV (resveratrol in optimized galenic) that improves glucose tolerance in a model of diabetes induced in mice by a high-fat diet .
• sitaglipine an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4
• BioA-RSV resveratrol in optimized galenic
• the data are presented as the mean + SEM in 8 mice per group. * and ** * indicate significant differences between the groups when p ⁇ 0.05 and p ⁇ 0.001, respectively, after using the Student's T test.
• Example 1 Application of the compositions according to the invention in metabolic diseases.
• mice are treated with an inflammatory diabetogenic diet inducing type 2 diabetes for 5 weeks. They are then treated with the composition according to the invention, supplemented or not with Resveratrol, and the mice are injected orally with glucose in order to test glucose tolerance, which is an index of the diabetic state.
• Figure 1 shows that the blood glucose is significantly reduced by the composition according to the invention supplemented with Resveratrol.
• mice are treated with an inflammatory diabetogenic diet inducing type 2 diabetes for 5 weeks. They are then treated with the composition according to the invention, supplemented or not with Resveratrol.
• FIG. 2 shows the effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on the synthesis of GLP-1.
• GLP-1 is an intestinal hormone that secretes during a meal and increases insulin secretion and lowers hyperglycemia.
• MRNA and GLP1 protein are significantly increased in the colon (Fig. 2.A. and 2.B.) and the molar concentration of active GLP1 is also increased in the hepatoportal vein (Fig. 2.C.).
• FIG. 3 shows that no therapeutic effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol is obtained in the mice whose active GLP-1 specific receptor has been genetically eliminated by genetic engineering.
• the anti-diabetic effect of RSV therefore requires the action of GLP-1 on its receptor.
• Figure 4 shows that the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol increases the secretion of insulin. This effect requires GLP-1.
• Example 2 Application of the compositions according to the invention in inflammatory diseases.
• mice are treated with a fat diet supplemented or not with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol (0.04% W / W). After 5 weeks, the mice are sacrificed and the mRNAs and the protein corresponding to the main anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 is measured in the colon, the liver and mRNA of the PAI-1 marker is measured in the hypothalamus.
• Interleukin 10 is an anti-inflammatory molecule secreted by certain blood cells (such as monocytes).
• Figures 5.A and 5.B. show an increase in mRNA and IL10 protein in the colon.
• Figure 5.C. shows an increase in IL1 O mRNA in the liver.
• PAI-1 is the best marker for inflammation in metabolic diseases (diabetes type, obesity). It is considered a marker of pro-inflammation.
• the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol therefore makes it possible to reduce the mRNA of PAI-1 in the hypothalamus.
• mice aged 8 weeks are treated for 5 weeks with an inflammatory and diabetogenic diet which has the effect of inducing an inflammatory state and diabetes and promote neurodegeneration. Since the hypothalamus is a control of the metabolic inflammatory reaction, mRNAs encoding the anti-inflammatory IL-1 were measured.
• Figure 7 shows an increase in IL10 mRNA in the hypothalamus.
• mice susceptible to neurodegeneration
• mice are fed a standard diet supplemented or not with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• FIG. 8 shows the effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol on the Y labyrinth test.
• the administration to the aged mice of this composition statistically increases significantly the percentage of entry (p ⁇ 0.05 ) suggesting an improvement in memory and cognition.
• mice are treated with a fat diet inducing diabetes and inflammation for 5 weeks. Triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels and blood glucose levels are measured.
• Figure 9 shows the effect of the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• Various parameters related to cardiovascular risk are significantly reduced.
• the risk of having a cardiovascular disease is significantly reduced.
• Blood glucose is also decreased and therefore the risk of becoming diabetic.
• mice are treated with or without a fat diet inducing diabetes and inflammation and with or without the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol.
• mice After 5 weeks the mice are sacrificed and the bacterial 16S DNAs of the colon are extracted.
• PCR and gel denaturation gradient we highlight the diversity of different bacterial species present in the intestine.
• An analysis by the Pearson tree makes it possible to carry out clusters corresponding to the different species and to position the individuals with respect to their proximity of metagenomic resemblance (bacterial genome).
• FIG 10A shows that two groups of mice are made up. All the control mice fed on the standard laboratory diet were grouped together when carrying out the clusters by analysis of the Pearson tree. The same goes for the mice fed the fat diet. The fat diet thus induces a change in intestinal flora characteristic for each group and therefore identifiable by this PCR analysis.
• Figure 10.B. shows that two groups of mice are formed. All the control mice fed on the fat diet not supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol were grouped together during the realization of the clusters by analysis of the Pearson tree. The same goes for the mice fed the fat diet supplemented with the composition according to the invention containing resveratrol. The supplementation thus induces a change of intestinal flora. There is therefore a prebiotic effect because the intestinal flora is modified and it brings a benefit for health.
• mice C57BL / 6J 8-week-old male mice (Charles River, L'Arbresle, France) were housed under strict sanitary conditions (absence of germs) with a light cycle (12/12) (light 10 PM / darkness 10 AM ). Mice have free access to water and food. The mice are on a normal diet, or rich in fat for five weeks. This high-fat diet induces diabetes before obesity. One group of mice was treated with either Resveratrol in active galenic forma (BioA-RSV) with or without sitagliptin (5 mg daily in the diet). All animal experiments have been approved by the local ethics committee of the CHU Rangeuildoch.

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