Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B5/00—Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
  • B65B5/10—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles
  • B65B5/108—Article support means temporarily arranged in the container
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
  • B65B1/04—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
  • B65B1/06—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles by gravity flow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
  • B65B1/30—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled
  • B65B1/32—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled by weighing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B39/00—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers
  • B65B39/007—Guides or funnels for introducing articles into containers or wrappers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
  • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
  • B65B43/54—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
  • B65B43/56—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation movable stepwise to position container or receptacle for the reception of successive increments of contents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
  • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
  • B65B43/54—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
  • B65B43/56—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation movable stepwise to position container or receptacle for the reception of successive increments of contents
  • B65B43/58—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation movable stepwise to position container or receptacle for the reception of successive increments of contents vertically movable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
  • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
  • B65B43/54—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
  • B65B43/59—Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation vertically movable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B55/00—Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
  • B65B55/20—Embedding contents in shock-absorbing media, e.g. plastic foam, granular material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
  • B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for packaging polycrystalline silicon.
• Polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) is predominantly deposited by means of the Siemens process from halosilanes such as trichlorosilane and then comminuted as little as possible in contamination into polycrystalline silicon fragments.
• the material should also be packed with low contamination before it is transported to the customer.
• polysilicon fracture for the electronics industry is in 5 kg bags with a weight tolerance of +/- max. 50 g packed.
• polysilicon breakage is in bags with a weight of 10 kg and a weight tolerance of +/- max. 100 g usual.
• Tubular bag machines which are in principle suitable for packaging of silicon fracture, are commercially available.
• a corresponding packaging machine is for example in DE 36 40 520 A1 described.
• the commercial packaging machines are to be suitably modified for the purpose of packaging polysilicon.
• EP 1 334 907 B1 a device for cost-effective fully automatic transporting, weighing, portioning, filling and packaging of a high-purity polysilicon fracture is known, comprising a polysilicon fracture chute, a polysilicon fracture weighing device connected to a hopper, baffles made of silicon, a filling device consisting of a high-purity plastic film forms a plastic bag comprising a deionizer which prevents static charge and thus particle contamination of the plastic film, a plastic bag filled with polysilicon fracture, a flowbox mounted above the conveyor trough, weighing device, filling device and sealing device, which prevents particle contamination of the polysilicon fracture , a conveyor belt with a magnetic inductive detector for the welded polysilicon filled plastic bag, wherein all components, the come in contact with the polysilicon, reinforced with silicon or clad with a highly wear-resistant plastic.
• DE 10 2007 027 110 A1 discloses a method for packaging polycrystalline silicon in which polycrystalline silicon is filled by means of a filling device into a free hanging, finished shaped bag, the filled bag being subsequently closed, characterized in that the bag is made of high purity plastic with a wall thickness of 10 to 1000 microns, wherein the filling device comprises a freely suspended energy absorber made of a non-metallic low-contamination material, prior to filling the polycrystalline Silicon is introduced into the plastic bag and through which the polycrystalline silicon is filled into the plastic bag, and the free-hanging energy absorber is then removed from the polycrystalline silicon-filled plastic bag and the plastic bag is closed.
• the object of the invention is to avoid such jamming of the silicon.
• the object is achieved by a method for packaging polycrystalline silicon, in which polycrystalline silicon is filled by means of a filling device in a plastic bag, wherein the filling device comprises a freely suspended energy absorber made of a non-metallic low-contamination material, characterized in that the plastic bag pulled over the energy absorber is filled polycrystalline silicon and the plastic bag is lowered during filling down so that silicon slips into the plastic bag.
• the object is also achieved by a second method for packaging polycrystalline silicon, in which polycrystalline silicon is filled by means of a filling device into a plastic bag, characterized in that a storage container has an opening through which silicon is filled, wherein the plastic bag after filling the reservoir is pulled with silicon over the reservoir and the reservoir is then rotated, so that the silicon from the reservoir into the plastic bag slips.
• a third method for packaging polycrystalline silicon wherein the polycrystalline silicon is filled by means of a filling device in a plastic bag, characterized in that a reservoir has at least two openings, wherein one side of the reservoir, one of at least comprises two openings, a plastic bag is pulled through the second of the at least two openings silicon is filled into the reservoir, wherein the reservoir is arranged at least at the beginning of the filling such that the silicon initially does not come into contact with the plastic bag during filling, but only by lowering the plastic bag is achieved that the silicon slips into the plastic bag.
• the first method according to the invention also uses an energy absorber, as already known from the prior art.
• the filling process itself differs from the procedure described in the prior art.
• the plastic bag is lowered down.
• the presence of the energy absorber further prevents piercing of the plastic bag, as it is protected by the energy absorber from hard impact of the silicon.
• the second and third methods according to the invention do without an energy absorber located in the plastic bag.
• the reservoirs used here perform a similar function.
• a reservoir is filled with silicon.
• the reservoir has at least one opening through which the silicon is filled.
• a plastic bag is pulled over the side of the reservoir, which has the opening through which silicon was filled.
• the reservoir is rotated together with the plastic bag so that the silicon from the reservoir into the plastic bag slips.
• the reservoir is pulled upwards, for example. Again, punctures of the plastic bag can be safely avoided because the falling distance of the silicon to get from the reservoir into the plastic bag, is virtually negligible.
• the third method according to the invention takes a slightly different approach.
• the plastic bag is already pulled over the reservoir at the beginning of the filling process.
• the reservoir has in this case at least two openings. Through an opening silicon is filled. Silicon can slide into the plastic bag through the second opening.
• Reservoir and plastic bags are arranged, for example, so inclined that filled into the reservoir silicon in no case immediately hits the plastic bag or comes into contact with this. The silicon first comes into contact with an inner wall of the reservoir. It loses kinetic energy and slides slowly through the second opening into the plastic bag.
• the reservoir thus also serves as a kind of energy absorber.
• the reservoir or the energy absorber include a balance.
• This balance is preferably made of a hard metal or ceramic or carbides.
• the preferably prefabricated bag is pulled over the weighing container and filled by turning the whole unit nachzerklein ceremoniessarm.
• the balance is preferably designed as a sieve in the first and second method and is located at a bottom of the energy absorber or the storage container.
• a jarring mechanism is provided to eliminate jamming altogether and to accomplish a better separation.
• a vibrating mechanism can be generated for example by ultrasound.
• a further preferred embodiment provides for a balance with transfer to an energy absorber.
• the plastic bag is pulled over the energy absorber, then the scales incl. Sieve open, then opened a case brake and closed and then lowered the bag under wave motions and / or shaking.
• a fall brake is preferably a device that is pressed against plastic bag or energy absorber. As a result, the cross section of the plastic bag or the energy absorber is first reduced, then released controlled. This makes it possible to control the product flow and to achieve a low-backflow filling of the silicon into the prefabricated bag.
• the energy absorber in the first method consists of a non-metallic low-contamination material.
• the energy absorber is not introduced into the plastic bag before filling the polycrystalline silicon, but the plastic bag is pulled over the energy absorber.
• the plastic bag is pulled over the energy absorber by means of a suitable handling system.
• a suitable handling system for example, an articulated robot is suitable for this purpose.
• the polycrystalline silicon is introduced into the plastic bag via the energy absorber.
• the plastic bag is moved downwards.
• the plastic bag is preferably closed in all three processes.
• the plastic bag is preferably evacuated by sucking air out of the plastic bag and then welding it.
• a handle hole punched into the plastic bag and any supernatant of the bag can be removed after welding for ease of handling.
• the described methods are suitable both for packaging polysilicon breaking for solar applications and polysilicon breaking for the electronics industry.
• these methods are suitable for packaging sharp-edged, up to 10 kg polycrystalline silicon fragments.
• the advantages are particularly noticeable in the presence of fragments with an average weight of more than 80 g.
• the plastic bag is preferably made of a high purity plastic. These are preferably polyethylene (PE) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polypropylene (PP) or composite films.
• PE polyethylene
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PP polypropylene
• a composite film is a multilayer packaging film from which flexible packaging is made.
• the individual film layers are usually extruded or laminated or laminated.
• the packaging is mainly used in the food industry.
• the plastic bag is held during filling with polysilicon by means of at least two elements on the bag and moved away from the energy absorber and after completion of the filling process by means of these grippers a closure device, preferably a welding device supplied.
• a closure device preferably a welding device supplied.
• the plastic bag preferably has a thickness of 10 to 1000 microns.
• the energy absorber is preferably made of a non-metallic low-contamination material. It is preferably in the form of a funnel or hollow body.
• textile material eg Gore- Tex® - PTFE fabric or polyester / polyamide fabric
• plastics eg PE, PP, PA, or copolymers of these plastics.
• PU e.g. Gore- Tex® - PTFE fabric or polyester / polyamide fabric
• PE e.g PE, PP, PA, or copolymers of these plastics
• z e.g. As PU, rubber or rubber ethylene ethylene acetate (EVA), with a Shore A hardness between 30 A and 120 A, preferably 70 A.
• the closing of the plastic bag can be done for example by means of welding, gluing, sewing or positive locking. Preferably, it is done by welding.
• the filling device consists of a filling unit and the freely suspended energy absorber or the reservoir, which is connected to the filling unit.
• the free-hanging energy absorber has the form of a freely suspended movable flexible hose or one of the other forms mentioned, which are hereinafter to be understood for the sake of simplicity by the term hose with.
• the plastic bag is pulled over the movable flexible tube and the poly-break is introduced into the bag via the filling unit and the flexible tube.
• the filling unit is preferably a funnel, a conveyor trough or a slide, which are lined with a low-contamination material or consist of a low-contamination material.
• the free-hanging energy absorber absorbs a large part of the kinetic energy of the polysilicon fraction falling into the bag. It protects the walls of the plastic bag from contact with the sharp-edged polycrystalline silicon and prevents puncturing of the plastic bag. The fact that after filling the plastic bag is pulled down, there is no jamming of the polycrystalline silicon in the energy absorber.
• the polysilicon is first portioned and weighed prior to packaging.
• the filling unit is designed so that the finest particles and chippings of the polysilicon are removed before or during filling. For example, particles with an edge length of less than 16 mm can be sieved off safely.
• a product stream of polysilicon fragments is preferably transported via a conveyor trough, by means of at least one sieve, wherein the screen is a perforated plate, a bar screen, an optopneumatic sorting or Another suitable device may be separated into coarse and fine fragments, weighed by means of a metering balance and metered to a target weight, removed via a discharge channel and transported to a packaging unit.
• the at least one sieve and the dosing scales at least partially comprise at their surfaces a low-contamination material, such as e.g. a carbide.
• Portioning and weighing of the polysilicon fracture is preferably accomplished by means of a dosing unit for a polysilicon dosing and packaging apparatus comprising a conveyor trough suitable for conveying a product stream of debris, at least one screen suitable for separating the product stream into coarse and fine debris, a coarse dosing trough for coarse debris and a Feinosierrinne for fine fragments, a dosing weigher for determining the dosing, wherein the at least one screen and the dosing scale at least partially comprise a hard metal on their surfaces.
• Such a dosing unit serves to dose polysilicon fragments of a certain size class as accurately as possible before packaging.
• the weighed amount of polysilicon fragments is packed in a foil pouch after dosing and a possible cleaning step according to the method described above.
• the dosing unit comprises at least one sieve, e.g. a bar screen suitable for separating the bridging pieces of the initial product stream into a coarse and fine metering trough.
• at least one sieve e.g. a bar screen suitable for separating the bridging pieces of the initial product stream into a coarse and fine metering trough.
• the metering unit comprises two screens, more preferably bar screens.
• Coarse or larger polysilicon fragments are transported in a coarse dosage trough.
• Fine or smaller polysilicon fragments are transported in a fine metering trough.
• the size distribution of the polysilicon fragments in the starting product stream depends inter alia on the preceding comminution processes.
• the type of division into coarse and fine fragments and the size of the coarse or fine fragments depend on the desired end product, which is to be dosed and packaged.
• a typical fraction size distribution includes pieces of sizes 5-170 mm.
• fragments below a certain size can be removed from the dosing unit by means of a sieve, preferably by means of a rod sieve, in conjunction with a discharge channel. So it can be accomplished that only fragments of a very specific size class are dosed.
• the balance is equipped with an opening, an exchangeable separation mechanism and an evacuation unit.
• the removed smaller fragments are reclassified in downstream processes, dosed and packaged or put to another use.
• the dosing unit comprises a fine particle chute.
• This can be designed einschwenkbar. Depending on the desired target product (fractional distribution), this is used to Sift fines and separate from the product flow for fine dosing.
• the dosage of the polysilicon over the two dosing channels can be automated.
• At least the screen and the dosing scale should at least partially have carbide on their surfaces.
• hard metals sintered Carbidhartmetalle.
• hard metals which preferably include titanium carbide and titanium nitride as hard materials, the binder phase comprising nickel, cobalt and molybdenum. Their use is preferred in the context of the inventive method.
• At least the mechanically stressed, wear-sensitive surface areas of the sieve and the metering balance comprise cemented carbide or ceramic / carbides.
• at least one screen is made entirely of hard metal.
• Sieve and dosing scales may be partially or fully coated with a coating.
• the coating used is preferably a material selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, aluminum titanium nitride and DLC (Diamond Like Carbon).
• the dosing unit also makes it possible to divide the silicon product flow over a controlled swirl chute into several dosing and packaging systems and thus a combination of several dosing systems, which are filled with a starting product and are transported to different packaging machines after dosing and weighing.
• the dosing system includes separation mechanisms (sieves) that screen out unwanted, smaller, product sizes and then deliver them to the upstream processes (sieving, classifying).
• the polysilicon fragments are packaged in two plastic bags.
• the packaging in a first plastic bag is carried out as previously mentioned using an energy absorber or a storage container.
• the first plastic bag is closed.
• the sealed bag is then transferred via a gripping system or a conveyor belt to a machine part for attaching a second bag.
• the polysilicon may also be filled into two nested bags.
• Another embodiment provides for the inner and outer bags to be completely inserted into one another, to weld the inner bag, fold over and weld the outer bag after optional control.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Quality & Reliability (AREA)
• Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
• Supply Of Fluid Materials To The Packaging Location (AREA)
• Silicon Compounds (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-08-18 DE DE201110081196 patent/DE102011081196A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-07-24 CA CA 2783460 patent/CA2783460C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-07-31 KR KR20120083800A patent/KR101486450B1/ko active Active
  • 2012-08-10 EP EP20120179993 patent/EP2559620B1/fr active Active
  • 2012-08-10 US US13/571,485 patent/US9090364B2/en active Active
  • 2012-08-10 EP EP20130190673 patent/EP2692645A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-08-10 ES ES12179993.6T patent/ES2502765T3/es active Active
  • 2012-08-17 JP JP2012180755A patent/JP5726823B2/ja active Active
  • 2012-08-17 CN CN201210295534.2A patent/CN102951314B/zh active Active

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