EP2570754A2 - Système d'évaporateur multi-canal - Google Patents

Système d'évaporateur multi-canal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2570754A2
EP2570754A2 EP12006499A EP12006499A EP2570754A2 EP 2570754 A2 EP2570754 A2 EP 2570754A2 EP 12006499 A EP12006499 A EP 12006499A EP 12006499 A EP12006499 A EP 12006499A EP 2570754 A2 EP2570754 A2 EP 2570754A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator
channels
refrigerant
channel
capillary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12006499A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2570754A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Ertel
Thomas Gindele
Holger Jendrusch
Volker Friedmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
Bundy Refreigeration GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
Bundy Refreigeration GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH, Bundy Refreigeration GmbH filed Critical Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2570754A2 publication Critical patent/EP2570754A2/fr
Publication of EP2570754A3 publication Critical patent/EP2570754A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • F25B2400/05—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system
    • F25B2400/052—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system between the capillary tube and another part of the refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-channel evaporator system having at least one multi-channel evaporator having a plurality of channels, which are flowed through by refrigerant in the operation of the evaporator, and with at least one capillary for supplying the refrigerant to the evaporator.
  • Cooling and / or freezing appliances known from the prior art generally have one or more refrigerant circuits, which comprise at least one evaporator, which is traversed by refrigerant during operation of the compressor and due to the evaporation of the refrigerant extracts heat from the compartment to be cooled.
  • the evaporators are known in numerous different embodiments.
  • One possible embodiment is multichannel evaporators or microchannel evaporators which, compared to other types of evaporators, have smaller channels for flowing through with refrigerant.
  • the channels of such multi-channel evaporators may be in the mm range or below. They have a comparatively large surface, with which the refrigerant comes into contact.
  • the present invention has the object of developing a multi-channel evaporator system to the effect that this has a particularly high efficiency.
  • the multi-channel evaporator system comprises at least one distribution means, wherein the distribution means is formed and arranged relative to the plurality of channels such that the introduced by means of the capillary refrigerant by the distribution means to at least two, preferably all of said Channels is distributed.
  • the distribution means may be directly or indirectly associated with the multi-channel evaporator (hereinafter called "evaporator").
  • the multichannel evaporator can have a plurality of channels arranged side by side and / or one above the other or otherwise arranged relative to one another, which are flowed through by refrigerant during the operation of the evaporator.
  • the channels are directly adjacent to each other, one above the other or otherwise arranged relative to each other and each separated by at least one wall.
  • the individual channels may have a diameter or a hydraulic diameter in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, preferably> 1 mm.
  • the cross section of the individual channels can be in the range between 1 mm 2 and 30 mm 2 , preferably in the range between 4 mm 2 and 20 mm 2 .
  • the cross-sectional profile of the channels may be square, round, elliptical and preferably rectangular.
  • the channels have a greater width than their height, so that there are flat channels or the multi-channel evaporator is designed as a flat tube.
  • the height and the width of the channels is preferably in the range ⁇ 2 cm, preferably in the range ⁇ 1 cm.
  • the channels may have a size (height x width) in the range of 1 x 2 mm to 5 x 10 mm, i. the height preferably varies in the range between 1 mm and 5 mm and the width in the range between 2 mm and 10 mm.
  • Possible examples are channels with the dimensions (height x width) 2 x 3 mm and 2 x 10 mm.
  • Evaporators with one or more of the aforementioned properties are also referred to as microchannel evaporators within the scope of the invention.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the idea to achieve by at least one distribution means a distribution of the introduced refrigerant to a plurality and preferably to all channels of the evaporator.
  • the distribution means is preferably constructed such that a plurality of and preferably all channels are uniformly or substantially evenly supplied with refrigerant. This makes it possible to evaporate the injected refrigerant efficiently and thus to obtain a good cooling capacity of the evaporator.
  • the distribution means or the distribution means may be constructed and arranged such that the distribution of the refrigerant takes place in a state in which the refrigerant is in the liquid state during operation of the refrigerator and / or freezer. In this case, a distribution of the refrigerant takes place on the plurality and preferably all channels of the evaporator in the liquid state.
  • the invention also includes the case that the distribution of the refrigerant takes place in the gaseous state.
  • an evaporation of the refrigerant first takes place and only then a distribution to the plurality and preferably to all channels of the evaporator.
  • the distribution means are arranged so that a distribution of the refrigerant takes place in the two-phase state, i. in a state in which the refrigerant is partly in the gaseous and partly in the liquid state.
  • the distribution means may comprise or consist of at least one cap, the cap being in fluid communication with said at least one capillary on the one hand and with the channels on the other hand, preferably with an open end region of the channels. It is thus conceivable to introduce the refrigerant into the cap, in which an open end of the channels is located. In the cap, the refrigerant is distributed and flows from there through the interiors of the channels.
  • the cap may have a cavity in which the refrigerant is distributed. It is also conceivable that the cap comprises one or more channels, which in turn communicate with the channels of the evaporator, i. are in fluid communication, so that the refrigerant from the channels of the cap flows into the channels of the evaporator.
  • Said at least one capillary may terminate in or pass through the space surrounded by the cap.
  • the refrigerant enters the space of the cap, disperses there and then flows through the open ends of the channels.
  • the capillary penetrates the said space and does not end there, but only in the channels of the evaporator.
  • an embodiment could be configured such that the capillary has one or more branching points located in the space surrounded by the cap, with the ends of the branched capillaries in the channels. In this case, the refrigerant is introduced from the respective ends of the capillary directly into the channels.
  • the distribution means may comprise or consist of one or more branching points formed by a profile of the evaporator or this include or at which a capillary or a plurality of capillaries is divided into several or a larger number of capillaries. As stated above, it is thus conceivable to use a plurality of capillaries or one or more branches of a capillary as distribution means.
  • the capillary can run completely or only partially in the interior of the evaporator or in the interior of the suction line connected to the evaporator.
  • the at least one capillary is guided with the suction line and / or with another component of the refrigerant circuit, such as with the condenser in the heat exchange.
  • the injection of the refrigerant can take place only in one area, such as in the aforementioned cap or in several, and preferably in each channel individually.
  • the capillaries are arranged so that they end in more than one channel and preferably in all channels of the evaporator. In this case, an injection of the refrigerant into each individual channel of the evaporator is possible.
  • the evaporator is directly or indirectly connected to at least one suction line, wherein it is preferably provided that the suction line has at least one widening and is directly connected to the evaporator or that at least connecting element is provided on the one hand with the suction line and on the other hand with the evaporator in communication.
  • a conceivable possibility thus consists in that the suction line is widened compared to previously known configurations and is attached to the evaporator body in such a way that the widened side communicates with the ends of the evaporator channels, so that the refrigerant emerging from these ends enters the suction line.
  • a correspondingly designed connecting element can be provided, which is in flow connection on the one hand to the outlet of the evaporator channels and on the other hand to the suction line.
  • funnel-shaped design of the suction line or the connecting element wherein the broad side communicates with the ends of the channels of the evaporator and the narrow side suction side, i. is arranged towards the compressor.
  • the suction line is connected to the connecting element, e.g. can be made of metal, in particular Cu or Al, etc., is connected, on the one hand has a pipe connection side and on the other hand, an evaporator connection side.
  • the connecting element e.g. can be made of metal, in particular Cu or Al, etc.
  • the connecting element can represent or receive both the beginning and the end of the evaporator, wherein the connecting elements for both ends can be identical or different.
  • the connecting element may be formed hollow or have one or more channels, which correspond at least partially with the channels of the evaporator.
  • the connecting element may be formed as a solid body having one or more channels corresponding to the channels of the evaporator, i. in fluid communication.
  • the at least one capillary and / or the suction line or a part of the capillary and / or the suction line can be formed by one or more channels of the evaporator itself.
  • the at least one capillary can thus be formed by a tube or channel of the evaporator itself. This can be done by squeezing one or more channels accordingly, thereby creating a pressure drop, such as would otherwise occur with the capillary. In this case, it is possible to completely dispense with a capillary intended for this purpose, since in this case the capillary is formed by one or more tubes of the evaporator.
  • Conceivable would be an embodiment in which the flat tube of the evaporator is soldered to the condenser, squeezed from there and acts as a capillary until the tube is in the evaporator and there again has normal size and acts as an evaporator.
  • the advantage with this approach is that a joint, i. For example, a solder joint between the capillary and the evaporator is saved
  • the suction pipe i. the pipe leading to the compressor is formed by one or more pipes of the evaporator itself.
  • a connection point for example, a solder joint is saved, namely the solder joint between a separately provided suction line and the evaporator.
  • At least one channel can be connected to the capillary and thus serves as a continuation of the capillary. In this way, the flow can be adjusted: the farther the capillary is inserted, the greater the flow and vice versa.
  • the multichannel evaporator or the microchannel evaporator may have the form of a spiral, wherein it is preferably provided that a gap for the passage of air is provided at least between two superimposed planes of the spiral-shaped structure.
  • This embodiment of the invention allows a particularly good heat transfer, especially when the flow around with air on several sides, especially on the top and bottom of the evaporator.
  • the evaporator may have a first end piece and a second end piece preferably corresponding to the first end piece, between which the channels of the evaporator extend, it being preferably provided that the first end piece through the cap according to claim 3 and / or the second end piece through the connecting element or the suction line is designed according to claim 7.
  • the end pieces may have the task of supplying the refrigerant to the channels and on the other side to receive the refrigerant flowing out of the channels and then to lead into the suction line.
  • the distribution means by means of which the refrigerant is distributed to the channels is designed such that all or at least a plurality of channels are acted upon with liquid refrigerant. This can be done, for example, by arranging or placing at one or both ends of the multichannel evaporator a cap or other distribution means in which liquid refrigerant is present. It is conceivable to design this distribution means in such a way that in the upper region of the distribution means there is a gaseous phase and below that a liquid phase of the refrigerant.
  • the capillary may communicate with the portion of the distribution means in which the gaseous refrigerant is present.
  • the distribution means may in this case have the function of a separating means in which the liquid is separated from the gaseous refrigerant.
  • the present invention further relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one refrigerant circuit comprising at least one multi-channel evaporator system according to one of claims 1 to 10.
  • FIG. 1 shows by the reference numeral 10, a multi-channel evaporator.
  • This consists for example of aluminum or other metal and has a plurality of mutually parallel channels 20.
  • the multi-channel evaporator hereinafter referred to as "evaporator” may consist of a flat tube in which a plurality of channels 20 are arranged.
  • the channels 20 have a diameter in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, preferably in the range ⁇ 1 mm or even ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the channels Preferably, have a rectangular cross-sectional profile, wherein the height of the profile is smaller than the width. Height and width of the channels are preferably in the range ⁇ 2 cm and preferably in the range ⁇ 1 cm. Examples of possible channel sizes are (height x width) 2 x 3 mm and 2 x 10 mm.
  • the illustrated evaporator 10 is located between the compressor of a refrigerator and / or freezer, not shown, and an in FIG. 1 also not shown condenser.
  • Reference numeral 30 designates a capillary, which communicates with the condenser and by means of which liquid refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 10.
  • the evaporator 10 has a first end cap 12 and a second end cap 14. Both end caps 12, 14 may be hollow and thus used for distribution or collection of the refrigerant or as massive bodies, which in turn have channels.
  • the capillary 30 passes through the interior of the suction tube 40, then exits the suction tube 40 and enters the first end cap 12 shown on the right.
  • the capillary 30 terminates in the space surrounded by the first end cap 12, ie the refrigerant is injected in this space. It is distributed in the room and from there it reaches the open ends of the channels 20 which are in FIG. 1 are identified by the reference numeral 22.
  • the refrigerant is thus distributed through the first end cap 12.
  • the refrigerant When flowing through the channels 20, the refrigerant vaporizes and then enters the of the second end cap 14 surrounded space and from there into the leading to the compressor suction pipe 40, which is in communication with the second cap 14 or formed by the second cap 14 itself.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 1b differs from the described embodiment in that the capillary 30 is split at the point 32 into a plurality of capillaries 300, each of which ends in a channel 20 of the evaporator 10, as is apparent from FIG. 1b evident.
  • the embodiments according to the Figures 1c to 1e are characterized in that the capillary 30 also passes through the suction tube 40, but this does not leave the outside, but then passes through a channel 20 of the evaporator 10 and then ends in the area surrounded by the first cap 12 space, as shown in the Figures 1c and 1d is visible or split at the location 32 into a plurality of capillaries 300, each terminating in a channel 20 of the evaporator 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the capillary 30 is passed through the suction tube 40 and ends in a central channel 20 of the evaporator 10. This means that the channel 20 of the evaporator 10 acts as a capillary through which the liquid refrigerant is injected.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the separation of the capillary differently than in the embodiments described above not in the two-phase region (ie before entering the evaporator) takes place, but in the liquid state of the refrigerant.
  • a separation of the coming of the condenser 50 capillary 30 into several capillaries 300 which are flowed through during operation of the device of liquid refrigerant at point 32.
  • the capillaries 300 may all be of the same length so that the position of the injection in the channels is identical.
  • the refrigerant is introduced through the capillaries 300 into the evaporator channels 20.
  • the capillary 30 does not extend through the suction line 40 or through the interior of one of the channels 20.
  • FIG. 4 finally shows the evaporator 10 in a schematic cross section.
  • the evaporator can basically consist of a flat tube in which a plurality of channels 20, preferably arranged side by side.
  • one of the outer channels 20 'does not serve to flow through with refrigerant, but rather to receive the capillary 30.
  • FIG. 5 shows by the reference numeral 30, the capillary, by means of which refrigerant is passed to the microchannel evaporator 10.
  • the evaporator 10 is also formed in this embodiment as a multi-channel or microchannel evaporator.
  • the ends of the channels 20 communicate with a distributor cap 100 having an upper portion A and a lower portion B.
  • a distributor cap 100 having an upper portion A and a lower portion B.
  • gaseous refrigerant in the area B is liquid refrigerant.
  • the ends of the channels 20 of the evaporator 10 are thus in communication with liquid refrigerant or are charged with liquid refrigerant.
  • liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator and flows through the channels of the evaporator.
  • FIG. 5 In the lower case, another embodiment of the evaporator 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the region A in which gaseous refrigerant is present, communicates via a bypass line 200 with the suction line 40, which leads to the compressor, not shown.
  • the gaseous portion of the refrigerant from the region A can thus be introduced directly through the bypass around the evaporator 10 in the suction line or in the suction pipe 40, which leads to the compressor of the refrigerant circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
EP12006499.3A 2011-09-19 2012-09-17 Système d'évaporateur multi-canal Withdrawn EP2570754A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011113761 2011-09-19
DE102011117928A DE102011117928A1 (de) 2011-09-19 2011-11-07 Mehrkanal-Verdampfersystem

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2570754A2 true EP2570754A2 (fr) 2013-03-20
EP2570754A3 EP2570754A3 (fr) 2015-10-21

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EP12006499.3A Withdrawn EP2570754A3 (fr) 2011-09-19 2012-09-17 Système d'évaporateur multi-canal

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EP (1) EP2570754A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011117928A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107014012B (zh) * 2017-04-14 2019-05-24 上海理工大学 微通道与膜技术结合的蒸发冷却装置
DE102017109065B4 (de) * 2017-04-27 2019-06-06 Miele & Cie. Kg Verbindungssystem zur gas- und fluiddichten Verbindung eines Verflüssigers einer Wärmepumpe mit einem Verdampfer der Wärmepumpe

Family Cites Families (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2489680A (en) * 1946-05-15 1949-11-29 Philco Corp Refrigerant circulating system
US2785540A (en) * 1953-09-30 1957-03-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat pumps
US3120743A (en) * 1962-01-18 1964-02-11 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system including metering and distributing means
DE1909859A1 (de) * 1969-02-27 1970-09-10 Bauknecht Gmbh G Kaeltemaschinenaggregat
JPS53138564A (en) * 1977-05-10 1978-12-04 Hitachi Ltd Multitubular type evaporator of air conditioner
US4306421A (en) * 1980-03-31 1981-12-22 Carrier Corporation Heat exchanger capillary tube routing
GB2143014B (en) * 1983-05-16 1986-09-17 Hotpoint Ltd Refrigerator/freezer units
US5245843A (en) * 1991-01-31 1993-09-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Evaporator
JP3210062B2 (ja) * 1992-03-23 2001-09-17 松下冷機株式会社 冷媒分流器
US7377126B2 (en) * 2004-07-14 2008-05-27 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration system
EP1856588A4 (fr) * 2005-02-02 2010-07-21 Carrier Corp Echangeur de chaleur a ecoulement parallele pour applications de type pompe a chaleur
DE102007034294A1 (de) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät und Verdampfer dafür
DE102008006513A1 (de) * 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Wärmetauscher
EP2314957B1 (fr) * 2009-05-14 2016-06-29 Hanon Systems Système à évaporations multiples

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011117928A1 (de) 2013-03-21
EP2570754A3 (fr) 2015-10-21

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