EP2601320A1 - Procédé de grenaillage - Google Patents

Procédé de grenaillage

Info

Publication number
EP2601320A1
EP2601320A1 EP11760870.3A EP11760870A EP2601320A1 EP 2601320 A1 EP2601320 A1 EP 2601320A1 EP 11760870 A EP11760870 A EP 11760870A EP 2601320 A1 EP2601320 A1 EP 2601320A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shot peening
compressive residual
retained austenite
amount
shot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11760870.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2601320B1 (fr
Inventor
Yuji Kobayashi
Toshiya Tsuji
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sintokogio Ltd
Original Assignee
Sintokogio Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sintokogio Ltd filed Critical Sintokogio Ltd
Publication of EP2601320A1 publication Critical patent/EP2601320A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2601320B1 publication Critical patent/EP2601320B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for shot peening. Specifically, it relates to a method for shot-peening a steel.
  • the stress shot peening can be used for a part, like a spring that can be stressed while shot-peening it, there have been problems in that stress shot peening cannot be used for a part like a gear that cannot be stressed while shot-peening it.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for shot peening for producing maximum compressive residual stresses that exceed 60% of the yield strength at 0.2% offset by controlling the properties of the material or the conditions for the heat treatment of the processed steel and the conditions for shot peening, without using the stress shot peening.
  • the method for shot peening of the first aspect of the present invention is to produce a compressive residual stress in a processed steel that has an amount of retained austenite in a range of 5 to 30%, by peening shot media onto the processed steel.
  • the amount of retained austenite is controlled to keep the change in the amount within a range of 2 to 30% before and after the shot peening.
  • the shot peening is controlled to keep the change in the amount of retained austenite at the depth where the maximum compressive residual stress is generated at a range of 2 to 30% before and after the shot peening.
  • the processed steel is a gas carburized steel.
  • a maximum compressive residual stress can be obtained that exceeds 60% of the yield strength at 0.2% offset.
  • no jig for stressing the processed steel for the shot peening is required.
  • efficient shot peening can be used for a part such as a gear that has a complicated shape.
  • the method for shot peening of the first aspect can always be performed.
  • a processed steel that has a desired amount of retained austenite can be easily obtained by changing carburizing.
  • Fig. 1 is a table showing the properties of the processed steels that were used in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a table showing the conditions of the shot peening that were used in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a table showing the properties of the processed steels after the shot peening.
  • Fig. 4 is a supplemental table giving data that are similar to those in Table 3.
  • Fig. 1 is a table showing the properties of the processed steels that were used in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Steel-A to Steel-G are prepared as the processed steels.
  • the carbon contents (wt %), the conditions for heat treatment, and the yield strengths at 0.2% offset (MPa), as properties of the materials, and the tensile strengths (MPa), the hardness at the surfaces (HV0.3), and the amount of retained austenite are all shown in the table.
  • the processed steels are prepared from the steels that are based on a chromium steel or a chromium-molybdenum steel and that have different carbon contents, i.e., between 0.2 and 0.8 wt%, and the steels that are based on a chromium-molybdenum steel that have a carbon content of 0.8 wt%, and that are tempered in different conditions.
  • These processed steels are gas carburized steels.
  • Fig. 2 is a table showing the conditions of the shot peening that were used in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Two types of conditions for shot peening (the conditions for peening shot media onto the processed steels) were used.
  • a compressive-air shot peening system was used in both types.
  • the hardness (HV), the diameters (mm), and the air pressure for peening shot media are all shown in the table.
  • the coverage which represents the amount of shot media being peened, was 300% in all cases.
  • Fig. 3 is a table showing the properties of the processed steels after the shot peening. The table also shows the properties before the shot peening. It shows the properties of Steel-A to Steel-G in the upper and lower sides for two respective types of conditions for shot peening.
  • That table shows the maximum compressive residual stress Gamma R at the peak depth (%), Gamma R (max)/ Gamma 0.2 , and the rate of change in Gamma R at the peak depth (%), as the properties of the processed steels after shot peening.
  • the maximum compressive residual stress Gamma R means the maximum value of the compressive residual stresses that are measured at various depths from the surface (since a compressive residual stress is generally expressed as a negative value, it is the maximum value in absolute values).
  • the compressive residual stresses were measured by using a micro-stress analyzer that is available from Rigaku Corporation
  • the Gamma R at the peak depth (%) denotes the amount of retained austenite at the depth where the maximum compressive residual stress is generated.
  • the amounts of retained austenite were also measured by using a micro-stress analyzer that is available from Rigaku Corporation (X-ray tube: Cr-K Alpha ; diffractive surface: (220); Gamma-diffraction plane: (311); time for measuring on Alpha-plane: 60 sec; range of diffraction on Alpha-plane: 156.4 degree C).
  • the Gamma R (max)/ Gamma 0.2 denotes the maximum compressive residual stress compared to the yield strength at 0.2% offset.
  • the rate of change in Gamma R at the peak depth (%) denotes a rate of change in the amount of retained austenite before and after the shot peening at the depth where the maximum compressive residual stress is generated.
  • Fig. 3 shows supplemental data for Fig. 3.
  • the processed steels that have the maximum compressive residual stress that exceeds 60% of yield strength at 0.2% offset can be obtained by the following process, i.e., peening shot media onto a processed steel that has the amount of retained austenite in a range between 5 to 30%.
  • the rate of change (reduction) in the amount of retained austenite at the depth where the maximum compressive residual stress is generated is controlled to be in a range between 2 to 30%.
  • the threshold value of the amount of retained austenite i.e., 5 to 30%, is determined based on the maximum value in the range that is representative for industrial materials.
  • the upper limit for the rate of change in the amount of retained austenite i.e., 30%, is specified based on the maximum value of the amount of retained austenite.
  • the lower limit for the rate of change in the amount of retained austenite i.e., 2%, is determined by plotting the Gamma R (max)/ Gamma 0.2 in relation to the rate of change in Gamma R at the peak depth (%) and drawing an approximate curve by the least square method.
  • the rate of change (reduction) in the amount of retained austenite of the processed steel at the depth where the maximum compressive residual stress is generated is controlled to be in a range between 2 to 30%, the maximum compressive residual stress becomes over 60% of the yield strength at 0.2% offset. This is because the retained austenite expands by the deformation-induced martensitic transformation and thus the mechanical properties improve by the expansion of the retained austenite.
  • processed steels that have the amount of retained austenite in a range between 5 to 30% are subject to shot peening.
  • the change in the amount of retained austenite before and after shot peening is controlled to be in a range of 2 to 30%, so as to produce the compressive residual stress in the processed steel.
  • a maximum compressive residual stress that exceeds 60% of the yield strength at 0.2% offset can be produced. Therefore, no jig for stressing the processed steel for the stress shot peening is required. Further, a part such as a gear, which has a complicated shape, can be efficiently shot-peened.
  • the processed material is a gas carburized steel
  • a processed steel that has a desired amount of retained austenite can be easily obtained by adjusting the conditions for carburizing.
  • Any steels can be used for the processed steels, but a gas carburized steel that has a large amount of retained austenite is preferable.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de grenaillage permettant de générer une contrainte de compression résiduelle qui dépasse 60 % de la limite d'élasticité pour un décalage de 0,2 % sans utiliser de grenaillage de contrainte. De la grenaille est projetée sur un acier traité contenant 5 à 30 % d'austénite résiduelle, et tout changement de la quantité d'austénite résiduelle est contrôlé dans une gamme de 2 à 30 % avant et après grenaillage pour générer une contrainte de compression résiduelle dans l'acier traité.
EP11760870.3A 2010-08-05 2011-08-04 Procédé de grenaillage Active EP2601320B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010176682 2010-08-05
PCT/JP2011/004414 WO2012017656A1 (fr) 2010-08-05 2011-08-04 Procédé de grenaillage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2601320A1 true EP2601320A1 (fr) 2013-06-12
EP2601320B1 EP2601320B1 (fr) 2018-01-17

Family

ID=44675767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11760870.3A Active EP2601320B1 (fr) 2010-08-05 2011-08-04 Procédé de grenaillage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20130160510A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2601320B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5790656B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102906282A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012017656A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103604874A (zh) * 2013-10-30 2014-02-26 北京理工大学 残余压应力定值试块的制作工艺及其使用和保存方法

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4191599A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Method of heat treating high carbon alloy steel parts to develop surface compressive residual stresses
US4495002A (en) * 1981-05-27 1985-01-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Three-step treatment of stainless steels having metastable austenitic and martensitic phases to increase resistance to chloride corrosion
US4415378A (en) * 1982-04-22 1983-11-15 Dana Corporation Case hardening method for steel parts
JPH0643604B2 (ja) * 1986-02-20 1994-06-08 住友金属工業株式会社 機械構造用部品の製造方法
JPH0756043B2 (ja) * 1988-09-27 1995-06-14 マツダ株式会社 鋼部材の製造方法
JPH0466863A (ja) * 1990-07-09 1992-03-03 Toyota Motor Corp 鋼材の加工による残留応力の測定方法
JPH06271930A (ja) * 1993-03-18 1994-09-27 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd 疲労特性に優れた高強度高靭性鋼の製法
JPH09123145A (ja) * 1995-10-26 1997-05-13 Mishima Kosan Co Ltd 舗装用コンクリートブロック製造用金型の製造方法
JP3975314B2 (ja) * 1999-08-27 2007-09-12 株式会社ジェイテクト 軸受部品素材及び転がり軸受の軌道輪の製作方法
JP2004011737A (ja) * 2002-06-06 2004-01-15 Nsk Ltd 自動調心ころ軸受
JP2004339575A (ja) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Nsk Ltd 転動装置部品の製造方法
WO2005042931A1 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-12 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'un arbre a cames, arbre a cames et materiau de bossage de came utilise pour l'arbre a cames
JP2006250316A (ja) * 2005-03-14 2006-09-21 Nsk Ltd 転動装置
JP4749073B2 (ja) * 2005-07-26 2011-08-17 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 金型及びその製造方法
CN101135344A (zh) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-05 上海百信轴承有限公司 摇臂轴承高碳铬钢外圈复合处理技术
CN100516593C (zh) * 2006-10-17 2009-07-22 武汉理工大学 锰铜合金奥贝球铁汽车后桥螺旋锥齿轮及其制备方法
JP2008207279A (ja) * 2007-02-27 2008-09-11 Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd 金型の表面改質方法および金型
JP5164539B2 (ja) * 2007-11-28 2013-03-21 大同特殊鋼株式会社 ショットピーニング方法
JP5214265B2 (ja) * 2008-02-05 2013-06-19 愛知製鋼株式会社 ベルト式ｃｖｔ用プーリー
JP5090257B2 (ja) * 2008-06-05 2012-12-05 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 アルミ加工用金型に適した工具鋼およびアルミ加工用金型

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2012017656A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102906282A (zh) 2013-01-30
US20130160510A1 (en) 2013-06-27
JP5790656B2 (ja) 2015-10-07
JP2013532583A (ja) 2013-08-19
WO2012017656A1 (fr) 2012-02-09
EP2601320B1 (fr) 2018-01-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8151613B2 (en) Method for shot peening
Miková et al. Fatigue behavior of X70 microalloyed steel after severe shot peening
Farrahi et al. An investigation into the effect of various surface treatments on fatigue life of a tool steel
EP2436795A1 (fr) Composant cémenté et son procédé de fabrication
Asi et al. The effect of high temperature gas carburizing on bending fatigue strength of SAE 8620 steel
US20160130679A1 (en) Post Machining Multi-Step Material Working Treatment of Fluid End Housing
JP7165522B2 (ja) 圧縮コイルばねおよびその製造方法
Schulze Characteristics of surface layers produced by shot peening
Toboła et al. Phase composition and stress state in the surface layers of burnished and gas nitrided Sverker 21 and Vanadis 6 tool steels
Kuznetsov et al. Increase of wear and heat resistance of the AISI 304 steel surface layer by multi-pass nanostructuring burnishing
Bayraktar et al. Heat treatment, surface roughness and corrosion effects on the damage mechanism of mechanical components in the very high cycle fatigue regime
Makhlouf et al. Low cycle fatigue life improvement of AISI 304 by initial and intermittent wire brush hammering
WO2012017656A1 (fr) Procédé de grenaillage
Epp et al. Comparison of alternative peening methods for the improvement of fatigue properties of case-hardened steel parts
WO2012017658A1 (fr) Procédé de grenaillage d'acier carburé au gaz
JP6274743B2 (ja) 高い圧縮残留応力を得るショットピーニング方法
Canale et al. Overview of factors contributing to steel spring performance and failure
JP6996700B2 (ja) 金属加工方法
CN112639442B (zh) 劣化评价方法
CN115948636B (zh) 金属表面氧化膜的制备方法
JP6125780B2 (ja) ショットピーニングによる表面改質方法
Teichmann et al. Shot peening of TWIP steel-influence on mechanical properties
Epp et al. Comparison of water jet peening and laser shock peening with shot peening for the improvement of fatigue properties of casehardened steel gears
Paijan et al. Morphological and wear behavior of low temperature thermochemical gaseous nitriding process
Tsuji et al. Influences of mechanical properties and retained austenite content on shot-peening characteristics

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20121019

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20160331

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20170810

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 964472

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20180215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602011045135

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20180117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 26593

Country of ref document: SK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 964472

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20180117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180417

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180417

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180418

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180517

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602011045135

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20181018

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20180804

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180831

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180804

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20180831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180804

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180804

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180804

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20110804

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180117

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20250820

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20250729

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20250825

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20250829

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20250725

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20250731

Year of fee payment: 15