EP2603385B1 - Procédé et dispositif de production d'images colorées sur des substrats comportant des corps colorés et produits ainsi fabriqués - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de production d'images colorées sur des substrats comportant des corps colorés et produits ainsi fabriqués Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2603385B1
EP2603385B1 EP12756506.7A EP12756506A EP2603385B1 EP 2603385 B1 EP2603385 B1 EP 2603385B1 EP 12756506 A EP12756506 A EP 12756506A EP 2603385 B1 EP2603385 B1 EP 2603385B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capsules
colour
substrate
color
laser
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2603385A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Goldau
KLAUS SCHäFER
Ulrich Ritter
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Unica Technology AG
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Unica Technology AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/435—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/28—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used using thermochromic compounds or layers containing liquid crystals, microcapsules, bleachable dyes or heat- decomposable compounds, e.g. gas- liberating
    • B41M5/287—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used using thermochromic compounds or layers containing liquid crystals, microcapsules, bleachable dyes or heat- decomposable compounds, e.g. gas- liberating using microcapsules or microspheres only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/34—Multicolour thermography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
    • B42D2035/06—
    • B42D2035/34—

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for improved production of high fidelity protected color images on substrates, apparatus for performing such methods, and products made using such method, such as, in particular, secured documents such as passport personalization pages, identity cards and other identity cards, etc.
  • the functional layer from which the final image or any visible symbol or sign is generated during the process, consists of a thermosensitive layer.
  • This functional layer extends over the map on a surface segment on which the image or other visually recognizable information should later be located.
  • the functional layer is usually in combination with other plastic layers from which the finished card is produced as a film laminate in the course of card making.
  • the image is burned in this case, with the intensity of the laser beam is accompanied by a darkening of the irradiated spot. In this way, black and white images or grayscale images are routinely generated today.
  • RGB Red, Green, Blue
  • CMY complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • this method shows the coloration by means of bleaching, ie lightening, of a color which is visible before the irradiation.
  • the substrate appears through the visible mixture of the colored components before irradiation in a very dark, ideally black tone.
  • the absorption spectra of most of the colored components used are such that, to a certain extent, an undesirable interaction between a colorant Component of other than the desired laser wavelength exists.
  • This effect can be problematic if pigments of different colors are in the cross-section of the combined laser beam of three wavelengths.
  • This above-mentioned non-ideality between the absorption spectrum and the exciting laser wavelength is manifested by a spectral crosstalk of the otherwise dye-specific laser bleaching. This results in a reduced image quality in the form of a color noise and a non-neutral reproduction of the hue.
  • the adjustment and control of several coincident laser beams can be demanding in practice and, if carried out incorrectly, cause color and image errors.
  • a data carrier in which a character, pattern, symbol and / or image is generated on a substrate, wherein different colored color bodies consisting of dyes or pigments of at least three different capsule types are released, which after irradiation by specific laser radiation pressure or temperature change in cause the capsules to break.
  • the color capsules are uniformly distributed over the substrate, in particular also lying one above the other.
  • the disadvantage is that only the capsule contents can be mixed with contents of adjacent capsules, but no other Farbbeinlung such as bleaching is available. Tints of colors can only be created by the ability to integrate the eye of the beholder.
  • the EP 0 279 104 A1 describes another approach to the encapsulation of color bodies; a developer is required, which is included in the substrate or the paint rinse casings or other capsule shells with in the product to be created, which can lead to an unwanted triggering, for example by pressure.
  • the disadvantage is that pastel shades mixed from solid shades can only be produced by reducing the number of developed capsules. Tints of colors can only be created by the ability to integrate the eye of the beholder.
  • Another microcapsules incipient document is the WO 03/040825 A1 in which, as in the other references mentioned above no intermediate tones can be generated because an energy and time-dependent bleaching is not provided.
  • the name WO 03/040825 A1 the capsule walls translucent to the triggering light.
  • the invention is therefore u. a. the task of finding an image-generating laser process for a particular example card-shaped data carrier that allows the production of color images, symbols, texts, patterns et cetera in the required quality. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to carry out the color images according to this method with apparatuses or a system which meets or meets the required criteria of investment costs, operating costs, compactness and robustness of the method. At the same time, the complexity of the process and the products produced with it ensure a high degree of protection against counterfeiting.
  • the invention provides a solution to these and other problems in a manner which is surprising for a person skilled in the art and amounts to a new process, the products produced therewith and the devices or systems required for the implementation. With the invention, it should also be possible to represent full colors and also to represent mixed tones in all nuances.
  • the object is achieved in that instead of the spectral separation of the primary colors such.
  • a spatially resolving method using a single irradiation frequency is used, wherein the color bodies are present in encapsulated form so quasi color capsules with a latent color effect.
  • the location of each color capsule is determined with the color bodies contained therein and then this site-specific by an focused on the color capsules excitation beam, such as a not necessarily monochromatic beam, for example from an IR laser, or from an IR LED Beam, opened.
  • a not necessarily monochromatic beam for example from an IR laser, or from an IR LED Beam
  • color body is referred to systems such as those in the WO-A-01/15910 and WO-A-01/36208 are described.
  • a multicolor characters, patterns, symbols and / or image is to be understood as having not only black and white and intervening shades of gray, but also colors, such as composed of C, Y, M, in the latter case then each of these three basic colors and occasionally special colors such.
  • the elements of the invention meet requirements for speed of operation, economy, ease of operation, and reliability to meet imaging using the invention under industrial requirements.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the proposed method is characterized in that steps a, b and optionally c are performed in the same device and without any manipulation or displacement of the substrate between them.
  • the determination of the color chart is a step in which precise positioning of the processed substrate over the success or failure of the subsequent processing by the laser is crucial.
  • the entirety of the two steps a and b is preferably carried out in the same device, optionally using the same scanning device (for example linear motion unit).
  • a further preferred embodiment of the proposed method is characterized in that the device for color card production and the laser optics are fixed in a stationary manner and that the substrate is moved with a linear motion unit relative thereto.
  • This variant is particularly recommended for light substrates or those substrates whose image field can not be swept with a conventional movable laser beam guide (Galvo mirror).
  • each one capsule of a colored component in the beam cone or focus circle of the laser are, with all other capsules remain unaffected with colored components of the laser light in the same period.
  • the distribution of the capsules of colored components within the area that serves as the basis for the image can be achieved by application with a printing process (for example gravure, high-pressure, flexo, et cetera).
  • the imprint allows both a statistical distribution of the colored components as well as a distribution in lines, circles or complex figures such.
  • B. Guilloche. A microscopic examination of the distribution of the colored components and a comparison thus makes possible as an added benefit the verification of the distribution pattern in the sense of an authenticity check.
  • another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the capsules are arranged with pigment particles in a layer, preferably in a single layer, on and / or in the substrate, which itself may also be a composite of layers, and substantially random are distributed as a function of the location coordinate.
  • the present invention differs significantly from other approaches of the prior art.
  • the individualizing information is combined with a fingerprint (random distribution of the image-forming pigment particles), which is a very high level of security essentially can not be reproduced allows.
  • a corresponding data carrier can be compared with the associated information in the database during a check and the authenticity can be clearly determined.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the proposed method is characterized in that the capsules with the different dyes in a layer, preferably in a single layer, are arranged on and / or in the substrate and are arranged substantially in a microscopic pattern regularly, the microscopic Pattern of an array of straight or wavy lines, parent patterns or micro-writing.
  • a microscopic pattern may be, for example, a specific lettering (for example, a denomination or the like), and, because it is also virtually non-reproducible, can be used as an additional security feature verifiable only with a magnifying agent.
  • a further preferred embodiment is to parallelize the method according to a and / or b and optionally c, ie to process the substrate in sections at several locations on the image area at the same time.
  • the color concentration in the capsules is such that the content of a single capsule after its release is recognizable to the eye.
  • the effect may also arise only after release, ie opening of several capsules.
  • the amount of capsules to be opened also depends on the nature of the substrate, which has a greater or lesser tendency to take up and therefore mask color bodies in its surface. The collapse of color bodies in the substrate, z. B. in the uppermost layer of a coated paper, requires in principle a calibration of the release process on the selected substrate, if the quality of the image should be optimal.
  • An advantage of the release of dyes from such opened capsules is also that in suitable for a distribution substrates, ie in particular those with a capillary action, then a far beyond the size of the capsule itself range is penetrated by the dye from a capsule. By releasing differently colored dyes from adjacent capsules, it is then possible to produce a spot which produces an image that is at least apparently full-color for the naked eye.
  • the capsules appear in diffusely reflected light preferably not transparent, but white, and when irradiated with directed light, they are partially transparent so as to enable the creation of the color chart in a simple manner.
  • the capsules can then also appear transparent in the translucent light, so that the color chart can be created in transmitted light.
  • the excitation beam for opening the capsules can also be combined with a bleaching jet in the optional subsequent finishing process, either simultaneously or in chronological order.
  • a bleaching jet in the optional subsequent finishing process, either simultaneously or in chronological order.
  • this can on the one hand open the capsules and on the other hand change the dye contained in its color effect, in particular bleach.
  • It can be used a single laser or a combination of different colored lasers, in particular an IR laser and / or a UV laser.
  • the size of a coloring component or a color body to a diameter of depending on the printing pattern of more than 16 microns to 25 microns out.
  • a size of 5 .mu.m to 12 .mu.m, preferably 8 .mu.m to 12 .mu.m is required.
  • a particle size in these orders of magnitude can be represented by known methods.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the proposed method is accordingly characterized in that the individual color capsules, provided the pigments are pigments, have pigment grains with a diameter which is at least an order of magnitude below the mean diameter of a color capsule, ie with a mean capsule diameter of 5 ⁇ m 10 microns have a diameter of at most one micrometer, and that they are arranged substantially all on or in the substrate, preferably individually separated laterally. This particularly preferably in such a way that the mean lateral distance between two capsules with dyes (or pigment particles) is greater than the average diameter of the color capsules.
  • the beam diameter of the laser beam (the beam diameter is taken at the 1 / e 2 level, ie at about 13.5%) at step b smaller than the average average capsule diameter, in step c, however, larger, but not more twice as large as the average diameter of the color capsules.
  • the beam diameter of the laser beam in step b is in the range of 1-5 microns, preferably in the range of 2-5 microns, more preferably in the range of 2-4 microns.
  • the generic term used is the term "color body" which comprises pigments, pigment particles, dyes, in particular liquid dyes, dyes in suspension, etc.
  • the excitation beam for the capsule opening should have another, preferably smaller beam waist, than the bleaching excitation beam possibly provided by the same (or another) laser.
  • a capsule of this size should be approached by a laser beam guide so that the laser optics can assume a precise position in front of the color body or galvo mirrors can direct the laser beam precisely onto the color body.
  • the beam diameter of the laser beam at the location of the capsule should be adjusted so that no interaction with adjacent capsules can occur.
  • the laser beam is focused in a suitable manner. The focus can not fall below a certain size diffraction-limited, but in practice, for example, readily on a surface with a diameter in the size of the diameter of the capsules, for example, adjustable.
  • the standard scientific literature shows that a focus of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m is possible.
  • the energy beam for opening the capsules for example a monochromatic laser beam, has a wavelength suitable for efficient opening, preferably in the UV range.
  • a wavelength suitable at 1064 nm generates a Nd: YVO4 laser, which can deliver the then preferred UV radiation in a downstream bleaching process via a frequency tripling.
  • US Pat. No. 6,002,695 describes such a UV laser system.
  • the energy output of the opening laser in IR mode is in the range of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ J, whereby the wall material and the wall thickness of a capsule are crucial and smaller or larger energy values can not be excluded to ensure the opening.
  • the laser system should decouple in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 watts of power and irradiate the color or bodies over a period of 0.01 to 10 nanoseconds.
  • the white light beam scans the surface covered with capsules with the aid of the above-described linear motion unit and can thus separately excite all color bodies in the capsules on this surface and detect them accordingly by collecting the scattered or transmitted light.
  • the white light beam with the required focus is preferably mediated by a fiber optic, for example, from a single, but also from a bundle of oligomode fibers, eg. B. with a single fiber diameter of 10 to 15 microns, may exist.
  • a color body in a capsule in the focus of the exciting white light beam is characterized by the character of the reflected or transmitted light, which makes both the position and the color of the color body in the capsule detectable.
  • the spectral analysis of a color body in a capsule usually requires at least three characteristic values, depending on the primary colors and pigments used, which yield a value for the base color of the color body by means of a logical comparison algorithm.
  • the characteristic values can be detected simultaneously, for example, by three photodiodes with suitably selected color filters.
  • the position of all colored components is captured in this way and as it were stored as a map in a database.
  • the color card serves to open the capsules for the two-dimensional navigation of the laser optics or of the opening laser beam.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the proposed method is characterized in that for carrying out the step a using the reflection light, the top of the substrate or in the case of using the transmission light, the underside of the substrate, preferably using a linear motion unit with an artificial or natural white light source and / or detection unit (for example photodiodes) is scanned, wherein, preferably as a function of the spatial coordinate, white light is irradiated and the reflected or transmitted light spectrally analyzed as a function of the location coordinate, preferably by exclusively at least two, preferably at least three discrete frequencies, which make it possible to distinguish between the different pigment particles arranged in the substrate in the capsules, preferably by using a photodiode, the signal is detected, and by the position u nd the associated color effect of individual pigment particles in the capsules are recorded in a data matrix forming the color chart as a data tuple.
  • a linear motion unit with an artificial or natural white light source and / or detection unit for example photodiodes
  • a variant of the spectral analysis can also consist in that, instead of the white light, several irradiations with light of different colors are carried out for a limited time in quick succession.
  • this method of scanning a lower resolution document is used with some flatbed scanners.
  • the spectral evaluation on one Photodiode be limited.
  • a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that, to carry out step b, the surface of the substrate is scanned, preferably using a linear motion unit with a laser source arranged thereon, on the basis of the color card the laser source being directed to individual pigment particles or clusters of pigment particles individually in their color effect to destroy or activate.
  • the same linear motion unit can preferably be used, as already explained above.
  • a processing protocol for the laser or the plurality of lasers can be generated in step b, this processing protocol receiving the information which individual pigment particles, as a function of the spatial coordinate, to generate a specific macroscopic color effect for the character, pattern, symbol and / or image in their color effect by opening the corresponding capsule by the laser targeted to be influenced locally.
  • the primary application of the method consisting of the sub-methods of analytical scanning or color body mapping and the release of the color bodies by destroying the surrounding capsules with an excitation beam, in particular a laser beam, is to produce an image on a substrate, for example a plastic card a portrait image in a security document such as an image on an ID card or on the personalization page of a passport.
  • a substrate for example a plastic card a portrait image in a security document such as an image on an ID card or on the personalization page of a passport.
  • the size of the images and other specifications for the plastic carrier that are relevant for most travel documents are described in ICAO Document 9303, Part 3.
  • the digitally fabricated map of colored components according to this invention may also be used in the context of using a security document for verification thereof.
  • Commercially available devices such as digital microscopes are sufficient to test the distribution pattern.
  • electronic portable devices such as mobile phones and their optical pickup devices for verification in addition to digital microscopes and other devices.
  • running programs can be provided, which automatically such recording via a mobile phone connection, a wlan connection or a remote connection, for example via the Internet, with the information stored in a database compares over the disk and accordingly issued in turn via the mobile phone allows a statement about the authenticity.
  • the digital images generated locally with these devices provide information on the authenticity of the document by comparison with the color body map of the document stored in a central database.
  • the corresponding application programs can be installed both on the portable devices and on central servers. This proof is naturally possible for an individual document.
  • the present invention relates to a data carrier having a character, pattern, symbol and / or image produced by a method as set forth above.
  • the inventive data carrier has a predetermined arbitrary color at any location, regardless of the applied color capsule distribution. This applies in particular if the introduced image is previously and / or subsequently subjected to lamination.
  • the data carrier having a character, pattern, symbol and / or image produced by a method according to the invention advantageously has a full-color surface in the view.
  • Such a full-color surface is characterized by an immediately adjacent positioning of color spots in full colors, or after carrying out a bleaching step of further intermediate tones, which, in contrast to a raster image, results in a full-surface color impression which requires a smaller integration effect from the eye of the observer.
  • the full-color effect is advantageous in view of the fact that in the prior art there is a 1/3 restriction to the effect that color tuples consist of at least mostly three colors, which thus release only one third of the substrate surface for a color impression, at least in a monolayer distribution color capsules.
  • a data carrier this is characterized in that it was produced on the basis of a substrate with random arrangement of the capsules containing pigment particles, and that on the data carrier and / or in a database the random arrangement and its use for the generation of the sign , Patterns, Symbols and / or image is deposited to enhance security.
  • a data carrier is then to be distinguished microscopically from a classical raster image, which can be used for a forensic authenticity check, in particular if the associated color map is stored on the data carrier or a database.
  • a data carrier is randomly covered with color capsules and these are present only in a maximum of one layer, so there are essentially no color capsules arranged one above the other.
  • a data carrier is an identification card, credit card, passport, user card or nameplate.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out a method as described above, in particular characterized in that the Device for fixing or at least stationary placement of a substrate, a first unit for determining the color card of the substrate, and a second unit for spatially resolved, only individual capsules with color bodies in their color effect radiation releasing with a laser at a single frequency based on Color chart to produce a resulting color effect.
  • the first and the second unit can use the same linear motion unit.
  • the device thus typically additionally has at least one data processing unit and at least one linear motion unit that can be controlled in two dimensions by this data processing unit and carries the first and / or the second unit.
  • a step c can be provided as a bleaching step of previously leaked color bodies.
  • This bleaching step can be realized in many options. Either it can be provided after step b as a capsule opening step. All desired capsules of all colors are then opened and the color can be correspondingly distributed in the substrate. Then all open capsules are processed.
  • step c may be provided intermittently to step b after each individual capsule or after a predefined number of opened capsules. In other words, there is a repetitive sequence of (step b and step c). In this case, a step c can take place after said opening of a single capsule or it follows the opening of several capsules.
  • a maturation period can be waited in which distribute the color bodies in the substrate, or just not. In a case of not waiting, then only the just cracked capsule shell needs to be irradiated so that the dye has not yet left the place in the substrate.
  • bleaching can only be done incompletely with a jet directed only at the previous capsule at the capsule shell site. In other words, with a pre-defined wait before bleaching, the achievable intensity of bleaching can be predetermined.
  • the stimulating jet of bleaching may be the same as opening the capsules or another.
  • This bleaching step may optionally be accomplished in the guidance of the excitation beam by a) passing the excitation beam as a bleaching beam for the color surface covered by the color bodies by distribution, the path being calculated based on the knowledge about the substrate which distributed there Capsules and the predetermined color gradients over the whole or parts of this color surface, depending on the desired bleaching effect. Also, b.) The excitation beam is directed as a bleaching jet on the area of each opened capsule (s), wherein it is imaged on them and is focused, for example, to twice or three times the area; wherein the amount of ink reached depends on the said ripening time, ie the time between opening of the capsule and the bleaching step.
  • said mapping from step a may be used, and the bleaching step may be performed in a predetermined time interval after opening the capsule (s) are performed to reach all or part of the exiting color bodies with the bleaching step.
  • FIG. 1 shows a picture surface 2 occupied with capsules containing dyes 1.
  • the variant according to FIG. 1a shows a random, ie substantially statistical distribution of the color capsules 3, while the other variants after Figure 1b to Figure 1d show linear 4, meandering 5 or circular 6 arrangements of the dyes containing capsules.
  • Figure 1e finally demonstrates a superimposition of a static distribution with a microwriting 7. All these variants of the dye distribution in capsules can be represented by printing processes and can be used as starting material for the implementation of the proposed method.
  • a capsule 1 according to the invention is a small sphere containing a small amount of liquid dyes or dispersed pigments, advantageously of relatively uniform size, typically with a diameter of 2 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, in particular 5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the spheres each contain color bodies of a quantity of two, three or more different colors of the selected dye system.
  • such closed capsules 30 are shown within a section of a corresponding data carrier. Between the capsules 30 is the material of the substrate, which is provided here with the reference numeral 35.
  • the capsules 30 each have a shell 31 in which the dispersed pigments or the liquid dye 32, 33 or 34 is enclosed.
  • a dye 32 is left-hatched, a dye 33 is right-hatched, and a dye 34 is shown horizontally hatched.
  • the envelope 31 seals the dye 32, 33, or 34 from the environment, not only visually masking it to the human eye, but also protecting it from bleaching, and is slightly translucent to replicate the color of the contained dye with the mapping process outside to determine.
  • the shell 31 of the capsule 30 has a uniform exterior color, for example white, in order to be able to recognize the content well by spectroscopy and to be able to set a white color tone well as the color of the substrate.
  • the capsules 30 with their hard shell and their dye content are preferably prepared by bead or suspension polymerization, but also by coacervation or a Abschleudervon.
  • the suspension polymerization is a long-known method (see also the series "Chemistry, Physics and Technology of plastics in individual representations", ed. KA Wolf, Springer-Verlag).
  • color bodies and the monomers required for the polymerization are in an oil phase and free radical initiators for initiating the polymerization in the aqueous phase of the oil-in-water system.
  • the polymerization takes place at the Interface of the two phases takes place and, depending on the composition of the suspension and the reaction procedure to microencapsulated dyes in the desired size dimension.
  • the preparation of the microcapsules takes place in a colloidal system, the precipitation being initiated, for example, by a suitable pH shift.
  • the resulting microcapsules are typically dried in the further course of a spray-drying process and thus brought into a further processable form.
  • An application of the method is z. For example, the production of pressure-sensitive microcapsules for copying papers.
  • An Indian US-A-2712507 described method is based on an aqueous sols of a colloidal material, for. Gelatin suspended in an oil phase suspended therein, e.g. B. consisting of trichloro-diphenyl containing a dye.
  • a colloidal material for. Gelatin suspended in an oil phase suspended therein, e.g. B. consisting of trichloro-diphenyl containing a dye.
  • the formation of the microcapsules was achieved by pouring the heated coacervate mixture into a cooler saline solution.
  • a further workup follows the separation, curing and drying of the capsules.
  • the production of the microcapsules is feasible with a spin method, the z. B. is similar to the spin coating, which is suitable for the application of thin, very uniform films (see K. Norrman, A.Ghanbari-Siahkali and NB Larsen, Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. C: Phys. Chem., 2005, 101, 174-201 ), but unlike this not planar layers, but shell structures, ie microcapsules builds.
  • a successful practical application of such a process is the production of the coloring elements for the so-called e-paper.
  • capsules 30 can be used, which can withstand the subsequent lamination process of the substrate. Advantageously, they can also convey the adhesion of the laminate.
  • An embodiment of the shell 31 such that the shell 31 of the capsules 30 burst at a predetermined laminate pressure and temperature results in a further complication for imitators to create such a printed product. After the capsules 30 have been applied to a printing surface or introduced, in particular in a single layer, they can then be processed further.
  • the sheaths 31 of the capsules 30 may in particular be single-shelled, that is to say consist of a single layer which surrounds the coloring material and contains it inside the capsule 30. In other embodiments, it is also possible to use multi-shelled capsules, which however are more complicated to produce.
  • the single-shelled capsule material is preferably non-porous, that is to say it contains no absorbent substances that specifically affect the individual dyes, but instead the capsules 30 have the same design for all at least two, in particular three, dye types.
  • FIG. 2a is an abstract and schematic representation of a picture surface, which in this case 25 to some extent theoretically imaginary surface elements 22 consists, each containing only a capsule with liquid dye.
  • the dyes have the three Basic colors cyan [C] 20, magenta [M] 21 and yellow [Y] 19 in a random distribution, but only one corresponding dye in each surface element.
  • FIG. 2b shows the profile of a laser beam 23 with a certain beam diameter 24. After passing through a focusing element 25, this laser beam is focused to a diameter that allows the complete irradiation of a dye-filled capsule 1 and whose focus diameter is sufficiently small to open only one capsule 1 , but these essentially irradiated completely over the entire cross-section.
  • Fig. 2c shows the constriction of the laser beam 23 after diffraction when passing the focusing element 25 in the focal plane to a smallest diameter 27th
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate the difference between the macroscopic view and effect Fig. 3a of an image 8 made on the image area 2 according to a method of this invention and the microscopic observation Fig. 3b , which allows a view of the pigment structure with a magnification device 9.
  • the microscopic observation of a specifically controlled pigment distribution allows precisely to verify this pigment distribution, since this distribution is combined with the actual individualizing information of the image, the fingerprint effect of the pigment distribution is combined in a synergy with the individualizing information, so that a significant increase in the Safety standards results.
  • this pigment distribution may also be a special screen which can be evaluated with a device (shown in the drawing as a magnifying glass), which can determine the color effect through the capsule wall.
  • a combination of a special grid with a random background distribution is also possible, so that the special grid can be verified without reference to a database, and the random background distribution can be verified by querying the corresponding identification information in a database.
  • the microscopic structure can be checked both in a simple verification process (special grid) as well as in a high-security Verifcationshabilit (query the random distribution from the database).
  • the painting Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b demonstrate the two main process steps a and b, and optionally c, of this invention, consisting of the local and spectral analysis of the capsules 30 with the dyes using reflected light by means of a white light source 11 and a photoreceiver 12 provided with a two-way linear motion unit 10 micrometres accurate over the sample or the image field can be positioned ( FIG. 4a , Step a), and a laser system 17, which decouples a laser beam 23 so that according to the data from the apparatus according to FIG. 4a this laser beam can hit every single capsule with pinpoint accuracy ( FIG. 4b , Step b).
  • the Substrate are moved by a Zweiwegeverfahrtechnik. This alternative is in Fig. 4a / 4b not shown. Furthermore, mention should be made in the representation of the photoreceiver 12 that the structure of the photoreceptor has been simplified.
  • the detector in the case of a white light excitation consists of several color-specific components, which may for example consist of several provided with different colored filters photodiodes, or that the detector, for example, a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor with upstream multi-color filter (eg Beyer filter), wherein in the case of a Foveon CMOS sensor can be dispensed with a color filter.
  • the exciting light source 11 in FIG Fig. 4a not shown that in the case of excitation in time with light in different colors, the excitation light is generated with several different-colored, narrow-band light sources, the exciting light source consists of several components.
  • the exciting light source when focusing the laser beam in Fig.
  • the entire workflow of the method according to this invention is described in FIG. 5 shown.
  • the essential steps are the local and color detection of the contents of each individual capsule 13, production of the color card 14, the storage of the data thus obtained as a color chart in a database 15, the data or the control protocol for the laser control 51 to open the capsules provides in turn controls the process of capsule opening 52 with the laser system 17 which provides data or drive protocol to the laser controller 53, which in turn controls the process of selective laser bleaching 54 with a UV laser system.
  • the color chart in the database also serves as a signature for subsequent authentication of the security document via its image data.
  • the generation of the color card 14 can be used both for the opening of the capsules as well as for their bleaching, if in between no displacement of the substrate has occurred. Otherwise, the corresponding data must be transformed.
  • the bleaching is not performed by the same light source, in particular the same UV laser, then the further light source or the other light sources, if several bleaching light sources are used, advantageously coupled into the scanning optics of the mapping in order to simplify the accuracy of the approach of these positions Way to realize; however, as in Fig. 7a and 7b to recognize, then the color elements, distributed as a suspended color or as distributed color pigments over a larger area 42. Also, the remnants of the destroyed capsule shells 41 are present in this area 42.
  • the color mapping 14 can be used directly and irradiated based on these opened capsules 30. This bleaches only parts of the color body surrounding the destroyed shell 41. This may be limited to the space of the opened capsule or to a predetermined radius. Another option is to use the knowledge of mapping and spacing between individual color capsules. Then, a calculation method may be stored in the controller that approximately calculates the color distribution after destroying a capsule; because this distribution of the color bodies is predeterminable over the diffusion time, depending on the type of color bodies and the suspended capsule contents. In turn, two sub cases are possible.
  • a third possibility for bleaching as a whole is to append a further mapping step to map the areas 42 at a predetermined resolution and then wholly or partially bleach the area 42, or at least approximately the area 42, with respect to the bleaching intensity after this mapping step. which can lead to a more uniform color image because essentially the entire color area is processed.
  • this approach presented above corresponds in reverse order to a re-mapping for defined bleaching, calculating the color area distribution after the maturing time, ie the distribution of the color bodies, or performing the bleaching at the place of the burst capsule immediately or delayed by a predefinable amount of color to bleach.
  • the portrait produced according to this invention also contains additional data, which are deposited on the basis of the achieved by the pressure of the capsules color and pigment distribution in the image field 2.
  • This data may be, for example, personalization data of the document owner (as in Fig. 6b shown), which serve the identification of the document owner or z.
  • the balls 30 of the desired hue are individually addressed by bursting or tearing with the aid of an excitation beam, in particular a focused light beam, for example a laser, which may be, for example, an infrared wavelength.
  • a focused light beam for example a laser
  • the spherical shell 31 itself or the dye content 32 are so strongly heated by the light rays or excited by an acoustic wave that the addressed capsules burst 30 and the dye (here the dye 32) expires and fills the shaded area 42 in the three burst capsules ,
  • the heating can contribute to an increase in the surface tension, so that the capsule, as in an inflated balloon on the shell penetrates and so the contents exits.
  • the spread of the liquid dye is limited.
  • the environment of the capsules 30, which is in the FIG. 7 not shown binder or paper and the outer shell 31 of the capsule 30 are designed so that the dye 32 there well distributed capillary or by the existing mechanical pressure. This over a time running process then leads to the in the FIG. 7b illustrated embodiment, namely that the dye 32 can reach at least the average distance to the capsule 30 of the same color capillary. In addition, he will wet and dye his own now open capsule shell 41.
  • the advantage of the encapsulation lies not only in the possibility to generate intensive tones, but also in the fact that it is sufficient to be able to use favorable light sources. However, for a precise focus on, for example, 2 microns, it is still coherent bez. to use monochromatic light. from. Under favorable light sources, the use of a single laser is contrary to their three in prior art methods.
  • the said bursting of the capsules can also take place within a laminate.
  • the surface inside the laminate can be completely filled with one color. If in such a case all capsules 30, for example in the CYM system, are opened, the result is a deep black area in principle. Accordingly, the mixed colors in full tone can be generated directly.
  • the method is used to personalize security documents, for example, and opens up an additional opportunity for greatly increasing the security against counterfeiting.
  • This application example is therefore no longer used as in the preceding, the exact detection of the color ranges only to improve the printing process in terms of its technical defects.
  • the arrangement of the colors can also be done in a random pattern, changing from blank to blank, as this can be detected by the corresponding control unit.
  • a blank can only be printed if, prior to exposure to the laser, the method according to a. is used, otherwise it would come to a false color representation. This would blanks for a fake as long as unusable, as well as the counterfeiter does not use a microscopic analysis according to method a.
  • the remaining cyan and magenta pigments remaining in their color mix subtly to blue when viewed under reflective light.
  • blue radiation produces a blue tint.
  • the grain sizes of the pigments are in the range of 10 microns. Accordingly, the pigments can be detected in the same way as described there by a microscopic scanning in their position to 2 microns accurate. Also, their diameter is suitable to individually address them with a UV laser beam with a focus of about 10 microns, since said mechanical linearmaschine units with ⁇ m spatial accuracy can be purchased (Heinrich Wolf, Eutin). All 3 kinds of colors can be bleached with only one wavelength in the UV (typically 355nm).
  • this embodiment opens the possibility to work instead of 3 lasers with only one laser, since now the individual color components of the pigments no longer on the wavelength of the light, but be addressed via the location.
  • the transition to only one wavelength achieves a significant cost reduction of the technical system.
  • the bleaching can be carried out by focusing the bleaching jet focused on the outlet areas, or a broader beam for processing larger portions of the area 42, which is then insufficient in its intensity to destroy other capsules , In one embodiment, a predetermined bleaching energy is thus supplied, which is not yet sufficient to carry out the bleaching in the final state.
  • Capsule opening and bleaching are thus intermittent processes that follow each other several times, each time adjusting the focus size of the laser, its performance and - the latter, however, not necessarily - its frequency must be adjusted.
  • the laser used for bleaching (in the illustrated embodiment, a UV laser), is also intended to open the capsules, it must be ensured that either the dye in the undamaged capsules during the bleaching process also free-set dyes is also vorgebschreib or that the capsule wall 31 is designed so that it protects the internal dyes 32, 33 and 34.
  • the cladding residues 41 and the whitened color bodies may tend to remain as yellowish artifacts.
  • TiO 2 nanoparticles can be temporarily brought into contact with the substrate, since such TiO 2 nanoparticles under the action of high-energy light - usually the UV component in sunlight - behave like a semiconductor and behave this way a high Have redox potential.
  • This effect is used for example in a solar cell, the so-called Grätzel cell, commercially produced by G24 Innovations, or has been proposed for wastewater treatment (see, eg, D. Meissner, Photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical wastewater treatment, 4th Ulmer Elektrochemische Tage, 1997).
  • the redox potential is sufficient to lighten the yellowish residues of bleached dyes of the areas 42 or the capsule residues 41.
  • the photocatalytic effect with titanium dioxide to increase the whiteness of the background is part of the aforementioned "finishing" process.
  • the TiO 2 nanoparticles can be applied for example on a drum, over the lateral surface of the substrate is pulled under a certain bias. With a light source acting on this contact surface between the substrate and the lateral surface, the yellowish-acting proportion of bleached color areas 42 and burst casing elements 41 can be detected. The fact that the TiO 2 nanoparticles do not remain in the substrate, the product produced remains lightfast.
  • a variant that is more photochemically efficient is the inclusion of the titanium dioxide nanopowder in the ink capsule-containing ink, but in this case, after the activating exposure of the TiO 2 with UV light, the developed pattern, character, symbol or image with an efficient UV Filter, preferably in the form of a laminate film, must be covered, so that the oxidative effect of TiO 2 can no longer take place in sunlight and unfavorable early fading of the image due to this chemical process is avoided.

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Claims (16)

  1. Un procédé pour produire un signe, motif, icone et/ou image (8) multicolore sur un substrat (2) avec, disposé sur celui-ci, des capsules (1 ; 30) contenant des corps de couleur comprenant des colorants ou des pigments, où, sous l'action d'un faisceau laser (23), l'effet de couleur est libéré, où des capsules (1) différentes ayant ou moins deux, en particulier trois, effets de couleur différents sont disposées sur ou dans le substrat (2), ledit procédé comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes ;
    a production d'une charte de couleur (14), dans laquelle l'effet potentiel individuel de couleur des capsules contenant des corps de couleur (1) individuel est contenu comme fonction des coordonnées spatiales de ceux-ci sur ou dans le substrat (2) ;
    b rayonnement d'une résolution spatiale, qui ouvre l'effet de couleur des corps de couleur (1) seulement de capsules individuelles et qui libère ces colorants par moyen d'un laser (23), en particulier un laser IR ou un laser UV, à une seule fréquence, sur la base de la charte de couleur (14) afin de produire un effet de couleur résultant des colorants libérés.
  2. Le procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les étapes a et b sont effectuées dans le même dispositif et sans manipulation intermédiaire ou déplacement du substrat (2).
  3. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les corps de couleur (1) différentes sont disposés sur et/ou dans le substrat (2) en une couche, de préférence en une seule couche, et sont distribués substantiellement au hasard en fonction des coordonnées spatiales ; ou
    en ce que les corps de couleur (1) différents sont disposés sur et/ou en une couche, de préférence en une seule couche, et sont disposés de façon sensiblement régulière en un motif microscopique, le motif microscopique possiblement étant un arrangement de lignes droites ou ondulées, motifs de base ou de micro-caractères.
  4. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les capsules individuelles (1) ont un diamètre moyen dans l'intervalle de 5-15 µm, de préférence dans l'intervalle de 8-12 µm, et en ce qu'elles sont disposées essentiellement sur le substrat ou dans le substrat, de préférence séparées individuellement latéralement, en particulier de préférence de telle façon que la projection normale de la distance moyenne dans le plan de la couche imprimée entre deux capsules (1) est égale à ou plus grand que le diamètre moyen des capsules, le diamètre du faisceau du faisceau laser dans l'étape b de préférence n'étant pas supérieur à deux fois aussi grand que le diamètre des capsules (1), le diamètre de faisceau du faisceau laser dans l'étape b en particulier de préférence se situant dans l'intervalle de 5-20 µm, de préférence dans l'intervalle de 8-15 µm, en particulier de préférence dans l'intervalle de 8-12 µm.
  5. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour effectuer l'étape a, la surface du substrat est balayée, de préférence avec l'utilisation d'une unité de déplacement linéaire (10) comprenant une source de lumière blanche et/ou une unité de détection disposée au voisinage, lumière blanche ou une séquence d'éclairs de lumière de couleurs différentes de préférence étant irradiée comme fonction des coordonnées spatiales et la lumière réfléchie ou transmise étant analysée spectralement comme une fonction des coordonnées spatiales, de préférence en établissant le signal exclusivement à au moins deux, de préférence à au moins trois, fréquences discrètes, qui permettent de distinguer les différents colorants (1) disposés dans le substrat, de préférence avec l'utilisation d'une photodiode, et en déterminant la position et l'effet de couleur des colorants (1) individuels dans une matrice de données formant la charte de couleur (14).
  6. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour réaliser l'étape b, la surface du substrat, de préférence avec l'utilisation d'une unité de déplacement linéaire (10) comprenant une source laser disposée au voisinage, est balayée en dirigeant la source laser sur la base de la charte de couleur (14) pour diriger la source laser au capsules individuelles comprenant des colorants (1) pour libérer l'effet de couleur de celles-ci individuellement ;
    et/ou
    en ce que, pour réaliser l'étape b, l'optique laser est stationnaire et le substrat est déplacé avec l'aide d'une unité de déplacement linéaire (10) de telle façon que la source de laser balaye sur le substrat à la base de la charte de couleur (14), et, en faisant comme ça, le faisceau laser contacte des capsules individuelles contenant des colorants (1) de manière à libérer l'effet de couleur de celles-ci individuellement.
  7. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans une unité de traitement de données commençant par la charte de couleur (14), établie à l'étape a, pour le signe, motif, symbole et/ou image (8), un protocole de procédé de laser ou de la pluralité de lasers dans l'étape b est produite, ledit protocole de procédé recevant l'information à laquelle les corps de couleurs individuelles, comme une fonction des coordonnées spatiales, doivent être influencé localement délibérément par le laser en fonction de leur effet de couleur afin de produire un effet de couleur spécifique macroscopique pour le signe, motif, symbole et/ou image (8), et en particulier lesquelles des corps de couleurs individuelles doivent être détruites par le laser en fonction de leur effet de couleur.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'une évaluation incorrecte ou absente de la charte de couleur (14) pour la commande du système de laser (17), un marquage lisible apparaît sur un porteur de données et indique un faux ou marque l'image comme défectueux.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, soit après l'étape b, comme étape d'ouverture de capsule ou intermittente à l'étape b, après chaque ou après un nombre prédéfini de capsules ouvertes, une étape c, soit comme nouvelle étape de blanchiment entier ou intermittente, après ladite ouverture d'une ou plusieurs capsules est effectuée, en ce que avec le même ou un faisceau laser différent, en particulier avec un faisceau laser UV, les corps de couleur sortis des capsules (30) sont blanchis entièrement ou partiellement, où cette étape est réalisée facultativement par a) le faisceau laser comme faisceau de blanchiment, par calcul de la surface de couleur (42), couverte par les corps de couleur par la distribution, est guidé sur la totalité ou sur une partie de ladite surface de couleur, ou b) le faisceau laser comme faisceau de blanchiment est dirigé vers la zone de chaque ouverture de la capsule ou des capsules (30), où optionnellement ladite cartographie peut être utilisé, et dans lequel l'étape de blanchiment peut être effectué à une distance temporelle prédéterminée après l'ouverture de la capsule (30), afin d'atteindre la totalité ou des parties des corps de couleur qui sortent de l'étape de blanchiment.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, après l'étape b ou l'étape facultative c, le substrat est guidé sur un élément porteur d'agent de blanchiment, dans lequel l'agent de blanchiment est prévu un agent de blanchiment à exécuter un processus d'oxydation, la zone de l'élément porteur d'agent de blanchiment avec le substrat de contact étant sollicitée par une lumière d'excitation de telle sorte que l'agent de blanchiment blanchit au moins les résidus d'enveloppes (41) des capsules ouvertes (30), où alternativement, l'agent de blanchiment activé par la lumière peut être fixé sur le substrat contenant les corps de couleur, le motif, signe, symbole ou image développé étant couverts après le procédé de blanchiment d'un filtre absorbant la lumière appropriée.
  11. Un porteur de données comprenant un signe, motif, symbole et/ou image (8) multicolore avec un substrat (2) avec, disposé sur celui-ci, des capsules (1, 30) contenant des corps de couleur, comprenant des colorants ou des pigments, dont l'effet de couleur, sous l'influence d'un faisceau laser (23), peut être libéré, où des capsules (1) différentes ayant ou moins deux, en particulier trois, effets de couleur différents sont disposées sur ou dans le substrat (2), le porteur de données étant produit conformément à un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 9 ou 10, où à un nombre de capsules ouvertes prédéfini, les corps de couleur sortis des capsules ouvertes, entièrement ou partiellement ont été blanchis par le même ou un autre faisceau laser, en particulier d'un faisceau laser UV.
  12. Le porteur de données selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il a été produit à la base d'un substrat (2) avec un agencement aléatoire des capsules contenant des colorants (1), où un agencement à une seule couche des capsules étant prévue dans la vue en plan du substrat (2), et en ce que l'arrangement aléatoire et son utilisation pour la production du signe, motif, symbole et/ou de l'image est mémorisé optionnellement sur le porteur de données et/ou dans une base de données afin d'augmenter le niveau de sécurité.
  13. Le porteur de données selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 12, caractérisé en ce que ledit porteur de données est un film, un film de transfert ou un stratifié.
  14. Le porteur de données selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, qui comprend un marquage lisible après production défectueuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, ledit marquage indiquant un faux ou un défaut d'image.
  15. Le porteur de données selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce que ledit porteur de données est un document de sécurité, en particulier une carte d'identité, carte de crédit, un passeport, une carte ou une plaque d'identification.
  16. Dispositif pour exécuter un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend des moyens pour fixer un substrat, une première unité (10 à 12) pour produire la charte des couleurs (14) du substrat, et une deuxième unité (17) pour l'irradiation résolue spatialement, qui ouvre seulement des capsules individuelles comprenant des colorants (1), par moyen d'un laser (23) à une seule fréquence, sur la base de la charte de couleur (14) afin de produire un effet de couleur résultant, le dispositif étant caractérisé en outre en particulier en ce que le dispositif comprend au moins une unité de traitement de données et aussi au moins une unité de déplacement linéaire (10), qui peut être contrôlée en deux dimensions par ladite unité de traitement de données et qui porte la première et/ou la deuxième unité, le dispositif étant caractérisé en autre en particulier en ce qu'il comprend un élément porteur d'agent de blanchiment, sur lequel le substrat est contacté, et un moyen d'exposition étant prévu, avec lequel au moins une partie de la zone de contact peut être alimenter avec un rayonnement d'excitation des moyens d'exposition, ledit rayonnement d'excitation activant l'opération de blanchiment par l'élément porteur d'agent de blanchiment.
EP12756506.7A 2011-09-20 2012-09-12 Procédé et dispositif de production d'images colorées sur des substrats comportant des corps colorés et produits ainsi fabriqués Active EP2603385B1 (fr)

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ES2463991T3 (es) 2014-05-29
US20140160220A1 (en) 2014-06-12
JP2014519991A (ja) 2014-08-21
WO2013041415A1 (fr) 2013-03-28
US8953008B2 (en) 2015-02-10
EP2603385A1 (fr) 2013-06-19
CN103492189A (zh) 2014-01-01
CN103492189B (zh) 2015-09-16

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