EP2670955B2 - Arbre, tel qu'un arbre à cames comprenant une section creuse - Google Patents

Arbre, tel qu'un arbre à cames comprenant une section creuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2670955B2
EP2670955B2 EP12703756.2A EP12703756A EP2670955B2 EP 2670955 B2 EP2670955 B2 EP 2670955B2 EP 12703756 A EP12703756 A EP 12703756A EP 2670955 B2 EP2670955 B2 EP 2670955B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camshaft
hollow shaft
protection device
shaft section
splash protection
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP12703756.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2670955B1 (fr
EP2670955A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulf MÜLLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thyssenkrupp Dynamic Components Teccenter AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Presta TecCenter AG
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475—Hollow camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0476—Camshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a camshaft with a hollow shaft section which has at least one radial inlet opening for discharging a gas through the hollow shaft section and with a splash protection device which is arranged in the area of the at least one radial inlet opening on the hollow shaft section.
  • blowby gas In relation to internal combustion engines, it is therefore common to direct the blow-by gas that occurs in the valve chamber back into the intake tract of the internal combustion engine. In order, on the one hand, to minimize the loss of oil due to blow-by gas and, on the other hand, to ensure optimal combustion and minimal environmental impact, it is known to subject the blow-by gas to oil separation and to lead the separated oil back into the oil circuit.
  • the blow-by gas is removed through the hollow shaft section, and an oil separator device can also be integrated directly into the hollow shaft section.
  • oil is often present in a wide variety of droplet sizes in the area surrounding a camshaft.
  • large oil droplets or oil splashes are also often observed in the vicinity of a camshaft.
  • Such large droplets or splashes can form, for example, if there is an oil bath or oil foam in the area of the camshaft.
  • a jet of oil hits the shaft and in particular the hollow shaft section with the inlet opening for discharging the blow-by gas.
  • a camshaft with a hollow shaft section which has at least one radial inlet opening for discharging a gas through the hollow shaft section and with a splash protection device which is arranged in the area of the radial inlet opening on the hollow shaft section is from the EP 1 880 085 B1 known, with a pre-separator and a swirl generator integrated into the hollow shaft section being provided as a final separator on the outer circumference of the shaft for separating oil.
  • the pre-separator is funnel-shaped and covers several radial inlet openings of the hollow shaft section in the radial direction.
  • the splash protection effect is imperfect because oil droplets or jets that inject at an angle cannot be prevented.
  • the pre-separator is also comparatively complex in design and requires a considerable amount of space.
  • a lubrication system for a shaft with an oil separator device is from the US 4,714,139 known.
  • a pump wheel which enables a certain amount of splash protection, is formed as an integral part of a shaft body, resulting in a relatively complex shape.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a camshaft with a hollow shaft section and at least one radial inlet opening in the hollow shaft section, in which the injection of large oil droplets or oil jets into the at least one inlet opening is at least largely prevented by a structurally simple splash protection device .
  • the object of the invention and solution to the problem is a camshaft according to claim 1.
  • the projections When the shaft rotates, the projections generate a gas flow in the direction of rotation, which allows the injection of oil droplets or even the injection of an oil jet initially into the passage openings of the splash protection device and accordingly also prevented to at least a certain extent in the at least one inlet opening of the hollow shaft section. Furthermore, it must be taken into account that large oil droplets and splashes cannot follow the rotation of the splash guard to the same extent as the blow-by gas. As the shaft rotates, oil droplets and splashes are increasingly deposited on the projections due to their inertia, while the blow-by gas can follow the rotational movement and flow into the passage openings.
  • the passage openings are, to a certain extent, sealed off from the comparatively sluggish oil droplets and splashes by the projections which are arranged between the passage openings.
  • the efficiency of this isolation depends on the one hand on the shape of the projections, in particular their height and orientation, and on the other hand on the volume flow of the blowby gas. As the volume flow of the blow-by gas increases, it may no longer be possible to completely prevent larger oil droplets from being carried along and ending up in the hollow shaft section. Nevertheless, the design of the camshaft according to the invention with the splash protection device described is characterized by a very efficient and extensive separation of larger oil particles. Even if the camshaft or even the splash guard is partially immersed in an oil bath, the ingress of oil can be effectively prevented. In practice, an oil bath in the area of a camshaft can occur when an engine is under extreme load, for example an increased oil level in the cylinder head or during strong acceleration or braking maneuvers.
  • the splash protection device is designed so that the fine oil droplets of the blowby gas are not separated.
  • a separation of the oil from the blowby gas preferably takes place in a separate, downstream oil separation device, which is provided, for example, in the form of a screw flight or several screw flights within the hollow shaft section.
  • a downstream oil separation device is not additionally burdened by oil splashes or the like.
  • the jacket has a sleeve-shaped central section from which the projections protrude.
  • the sleeve-shaped middle section is expediently essentially cylindrical or light conically shaped.
  • the jacket therefore has a simple shape on which the projections and passage openings can be easily formed.
  • the splash protection device can be designed as a molded part, in particular a cast part, which enables simple production.
  • the splash protection device can be shrunk on in a similar way to cams or fixed by expanding the hollow shaft section. However, since it is a component subject to comparatively little mechanical stress, simplified assembly is also possible.
  • the splash protection device can also be formed from segments, in particular two longitudinally divided segments. The individual segments are then placed on the area of the hollow shaft section at the at least one radial inlet opening and clipped into place.
  • the splash guard can be fixed to the hollow shaft section with adhesive or assembled from the segments. Additionally or alternatively, it is also possible to provide cooperating positive locking elements on the splash protection device and the hollow shaft section, which bring about a fixation.
  • the splash protection device With regard to the general shape of the splash protection device, it is advantageous if it is enlarged radially at one end and preferably at both ends when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, for which purpose, for example, flange-shaped formations can be provided. In the context of such a configuration, blow-by gas can easily flow against the radially exposed jacket, although oil injecting from immediately adjacent devices on the shaft, for example adjacent cams, can be effectively prevented by the widened ends of the splash protection device. When dimensioning the splash protection device, the installation space available in the longitudinal direction of the shaft and in the radial direction must be taken into account.
  • the projections are designed as ribs that run straight or with a certain inclination in the longitudinal direction of the shaft.
  • a camshaft always has a predetermined direction of rotation. If there is a predetermined direction of rotation, the projections are expediently aligned so that separated oil is thrown outwards during rotation in the predetermined direction of rotation. If the projections are designed as ribs, they can be tilted in such a way that the free ends of the ribs point away from the specified or preferred direction of rotation.
  • the tilting relative to an alignment that runs exactly in the radial direction can be, for example, between 10° and 40°, in particular between 15° and 30°.
  • the passage openings are protected due to the rotational movement by the projections arranged between the passage openings. Since the camshaft has a predetermined direction of rotation, it is advantageous if, viewed in the direction of rotation, a projection is provided immediately in front of each passage opening. The protection of the passage openings from injecting oil is further improved if the projections are inclined against the direction of rotation as described above and thus cover the passage openings to a certain extent when viewed precisely in the radial direction.
  • the passage openings can be, for example, longitudinal slots that run essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
  • the combination with ribs running in the longitudinal direction of the shaft then results in a particularly advantageous embodiment.
  • the splash protection device of the camshaft according to the invention is located upstream of the at least one radial inlet opening of the hollow shaft section in order to effectively prevent the oil from being injected. It is advantageous if a radial gap is provided between the jacket of the splash protection device with the passage openings provided therein and the hollow shaft section with the at least one passage opening. As part of such a configuration, there can be an offset in the longitudinal direction and/or circumferential direction of the shaft between the passage openings and the at least one inlet opening. The gap then forms a flow channel for the gas to be discharged, with the further deflection making it possible to separate oil. At least it is avoided that fast oil droplets can get directly into the at least one inlet opening of the hollow shaft section without being deflected.
  • the passage openings must be distributed accordingly on the circumference of the jacket of the splash protection device.
  • the number of passage openings can be an integral multiple of the number of inlet openings.
  • the projections and passage openings are distributed around the circumference of the jacket in a uniform arrangement in groups, in particular in pairs.
  • a first projection, a first passage opening, a second projection and a second passage opening are then arranged immediately one behind the other, viewed in the direction of rotation.
  • a separate oil separation device is provided for the separation of the fine oil droplets from the blowby gas, which can be arranged within the hollow shaft section.
  • a screw-shaped swirl generator with one or more screw flights can be provided, the fine oil droplets of the blow-by gas being thrown outwards by the swirling movement and separated accordingly.
  • the pitch of the screw flights By varying the pitch of the screw flights, the flow speed in the direction of flow can also be increased.
  • a bypass valve with an adjoining bypass channel can also be provided within the hollow shaft section, which leads the blow-by gas past the oil separator device.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a ready-to-install camshaft module with a camshaft 1, which, according to its usual structure, has a large number of cams 2 and is held by bearing blocks 3.
  • a splash protection device 4 is provided between two adjacent cams 2, the operation of which is explained in detail below.
  • the splash protection device 4 is composed of two segments on a separating surface 5. Furthermore, it can be seen that the splash protection device 4 has flange-like widened ends 6a, 6b and has a sleeve-shaped, essentially cylindrical middle section 7 in between. On the middle section 7, passage openings 8 in the form of longitudinal slots and projections in the form of ribs 9 can be seen, which run in the longitudinal direction of the shaft.
  • the purpose of the splash protection device 4 and the exact design of the camshaft 1 can be seen from the illustration Fig. 2 to 4 . They show Fig. 2 and 3 similar cross sections, whereby in the Fig. 2 The exact alignment of the ribs 9 and the passage openings 8 can be seen in the top view of the cross section. In the perspective view of the Fig. 3 is, however, with additional consideration of the Fig. 1 the course of the ribs 9 and openings 8 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft can be seen better.
  • the camshaft 1 has a hollow shaft section 10, which has at least one, in the exemplary embodiment a total of six, radial inlet openings 11a, 11b for the discharge of a blow-by gas B through the hollow shaft section 10.
  • the splash protection device 4 is intended to avoid the injection of large oil droplets or oil jets directly into the radial inlet openings 11a, 11b.
  • the ribs 9 and passage openings 8 are provided.
  • a gas flow is generated in the circumferential direction, which prevents the injection of large oil droplets or even the injection of an oil jet.
  • blowby gas B can follow the rotation of the camshaft 1 and flow into the inlet openings 11a, 11b.
  • the path of the blowby gas B is shown in the sectional views Fig. 2 to 4 indicated by dashed lines.
  • Fig. 2 In this context it can be seen that, viewed in the direction of rotation D, there is a rib 9 in front of each passage opening 8. Large oil droplets, oil splashes and oil jets are first deposited on the ribs 9 before they can reach the passage openings 8.
  • the ribs are tilted relative to the predetermined direction of rotation D in such a way that their free ends point away from the predetermined direction of rotation D.
  • the tilting can be between 10°, for example and 40°, in particular between 15° and 30°. In the exemplary embodiment, the tilt is approximately 25°.
  • the described tilting of the ribs 9 ensures that the passage opening 8, which is set back immediately next to each rib 9, is even better protected.
  • oil that has settled on the rib 9 is effectively pushed outwards due to the centrifugal forces and ultimately thrown away.
  • the hollow shaft section 10 has different inlet openings 11a, 11b.
  • a radial gap 12 is formed between the middle section 7 of the splash protection device 4 and the hollow shaft section 10, through which the blowby gas B flows.
  • Three inlet openings 11a lead to an annular area within the hollow shaft section 10, which supplies the blowby gas B to a swirl generator, not shown, for oil separation.
  • a bypass valve 13 with an adjoining bypass channel 14 is arranged in the middle of the hollow shaft section 10. From the gap 12, the blowby gas B can reach the bypass valve 13 through further inlet openings 11b.
  • the passage openings 8 and ribs 9 are arranged in groups each with two passage openings 8 and ribs 9. These six groups are then arranged so that the inlet openings 11b leading to the bypass valve 13 are arranged exactly between two adjacent groups.
  • the splash protection device 4 is formed from segments, in the exemplary embodiment from two longitudinally divided segments.
  • the separating surface 5 between the segments is in the Fig. 2 and 3 recognizable, wherein the segments can be connected, for example, with an adhesive, in particular a two-component adhesive.
  • an adhesive can also be provided.
  • cooperating positive locking elements 15 can also be provided on the splash protection device 4 and the hollow shaft section 10, which are exemplary in the Fig. 4 are shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Arbre à cames (1) avec une section d'arbre creuse (10), qui comporte au moins une ouverture d'entrée (11a, 11b) radiale pour évacuer un gaz par la section d'arbre creuse (10) et avec un dispositif de protection contre les projections (4) qui est disposé dans la zone de la au moins une ouverture d'entrée (11a, 11b) radiale sur la section d'arbre creuse (10), dans lequel le dispositif de protection contre les projections (4) comporte une enveloppe dégagée dans le sens radial avec des ouvertures de passage radiales (8) et des parties en saillie entre les ouvertures de passage (8) et dans lequel les parties en saillie avancent radialement vis-à-vis des ouvertures de passage et en ce que l'enveloppe comporte une section centrale (7) en forme de manchon d'où s'éloignent les parties en saillie.
  2. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les parties en saillie sont constituées comme des nervures (9) qui passent dans le sens longitudinal de l'arbre à cames.
  3. Arbre à cames selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que l'arbre comporte un sens de rotation (D) prédéfini ou préféré, les nervures (9) étant renversées de telle sorte que leurs extrémités libres sont tournées opposées au sens de rotation (D) prédéfini ou préféré.
  4. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que l'arbre à cames comporte un sens de rotation (D) prédéfini ou préféré et en ce que vu dans le sens de rotation (D) une partie en saillie est prévue devant chaque ouverture de passage (8).
  5. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures de passage (8) sont réalisées comme des fentes longitudinales.
  6. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce qu'un interstice radial (12) est prévu entre l'enveloppe du dispositif de protection contre les projections (4) et la section d'arbre creuse (10) avec la au moins une ouverture d'entrée (11a, 11b) un déport existant dans le sens longitudinal et/ou périphérique de l'arbre à cames entre les ouvertures de passage (8) et la au moins une ouverture d'entrée (11a, 11b).
  7. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de protection contre les projections (4) vu dans le sens longitudinal de l'arbre à cames comporte des extrémités (6a, 6b) agrandies dans le sens radial.
  8. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 caractérisé en ce que les parties en saillie et les ouvertures de passage (8) sont réparties dans une disposition uniforme par groupes, en particulier par paires autour de la périphérie de l'enveloppe dans un ordre uniforme.
  9. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 caractérisé en ce qu'une soupape de dérivation (13) et/ou un dispositif séparateur de vapeurs d'huile sont prévus à l'intérieur de la section d'arbre creuse (10).
  10. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de protection contre les projections (4) est constitué de segments, en particulier de deux segments divisés dans le sens longitudinal.
  11. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de protection contre les projections (8) est fixé avec de la colle sur la section d'arbre creuse (10).
  12. Arbre à cames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de protection contre les projections (4) et la section d'arbre creuse (10) comportent des éléments coopérant par complémentarité de forme (15).
EP12703756.2A 2011-02-02 2012-02-02 Arbre, tel qu'un arbre à cames comprenant une section creuse Active EP2670955B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011000458A DE102011000458A1 (de) 2011-02-02 2011-02-02 Welle, insbesondere Nockenwelle mit einem hohlen Wellenabschnitt
PCT/EP2012/051800 WO2012104391A1 (fr) 2011-02-02 2012-02-02 Arbre, en particulier arbre à cames comprenant une section d'arbre creuse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2670955A1 EP2670955A1 (fr) 2013-12-11
EP2670955B1 EP2670955B1 (fr) 2014-12-31
EP2670955B2 true EP2670955B2 (fr) 2023-09-20

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ID=45592357

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12703756.2A Active EP2670955B2 (fr) 2011-02-02 2012-02-02 Arbre, tel qu'un arbre à cames comprenant une section creuse

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9803514B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2670955B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103415676B (fr)
DE (1) DE102011000458A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012104391A1 (fr)

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DE102014104885A1 (de) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-08 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Nockenwelle mit verbesserter Schmierung
CN103939178B (zh) * 2014-04-10 2015-12-23 安徽全柴动力股份有限公司 一种高效低成本柴油机油气分离器
DE102015203991B4 (de) 2015-03-05 2018-07-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Geschlossene Hohlwelle
US10473206B2 (en) * 2015-07-02 2019-11-12 Deere & Company Transmission vent
DE102016008299B4 (de) * 2016-07-06 2020-12-31 Neander Motors Ag Ölabscheideeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102017105241B4 (de) * 2017-03-13 2019-12-19 Thyssenkrupp Ag Zentrifugal-Ölabscheider, Ölabscheidevorrichtung und Verbrennungsmotor
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US20140007736A1 (en) 2014-01-09
CN103415676A (zh) 2013-11-27
EP2670955B1 (fr) 2014-12-31
US9803514B2 (en) 2017-10-31
WO2012104391A1 (fr) 2012-08-09
DE102011000458A1 (de) 2012-08-02
CN103415676B (zh) 2016-03-09
EP2670955A1 (fr) 2013-12-11

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