EP2694242A1 - Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser

Info

Publication number
EP2694242A1
EP2694242A1 EP12714675.1A EP12714675A EP2694242A1 EP 2694242 A1 EP2694242 A1 EP 2694242A1 EP 12714675 A EP12714675 A EP 12714675A EP 2694242 A1 EP2694242 A1 EP 2694242A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
notch
pulse
modulation
feed rate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12714675.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Gruhler
Willi Breithaupt
Joachim Klein
Horst SCHÖLLHAMMER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2011/055384 external-priority patent/WO2011124627A1/fr
Application filed by Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority to EP12714675.1A priority Critical patent/EP2694242A1/fr
Priority to US14/110,023 priority patent/US20140090515A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2012/056480 external-priority patent/WO2012136858A1/fr
Publication of EP2694242A1 publication Critical patent/EP2694242A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/362—Laser etching
    • B23K26/364—Laser etching for making a groove or trench, e.g. for scribing a break initiation groove
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F16C9/04—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof
    • F16C9/045—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof the bearing cap of the connecting rod being split by fracturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2142—Pitmans and connecting rods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2186—Gear casings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for fracture separation of workpieces according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a workpiece produced by such a method and a laser unit.
  • EP 0 808 228 B2 of the Applicant describes a generic fracture separation method in which a notch which predetermines the fracture plane is formed in a connecting rod eye to be fractured by means of laser energy.
  • This notch consists of a plurality of notch portions, the distance of which results essentially from the pulse rate of the laser and the feed rate of the laser beam with respect to the connecting rod. It has been found that the notch effect number can be increased quite considerably compared to through notches by these notch sections, so that it is possible to form a notch with comparatively low laser power. Due to this low laser power and the associated low introduced heat energy an undesirable, profound structural change in the notch area is avoided, with only certain edge zones of the notch undergo a microstructure transformation and thus improve the fracture separation behavior.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method which enables the creation of notch sections of a fracture separation notch with little effort.
  • the object of the invention is furthermore to provide a workpiece produced by such a method and a laser unit for carrying out the method.
  • a laser notch is formed by means of laser energy, this notch having a plurality of notch sections.
  • a modulation of the feed i. the relative movement between the laser beam in operative engagement and the workpiece and / or the laser pulse.
  • the depth of a continuous region referred to as the notch base in the following, can be varied by varying the feed rate and / or the pulse parameters or less consistent geometry, an improved notch efficiency and thus improved fracture mechanics. The method is practicable with all types of lasers used in fracture cutting.
  • the coupling of the laser beam is preferably carried out obliquely to the longitudinal axis Kerbl.
  • the variation of the feed rate takes place according to a periodic function, for example a sine function or depending on the component geometry.
  • the feed rate during laser processing can vary in the range between 100mm / min and 1500mm / min.
  • the laser beam can be compared to the stationary workpiece, for example by moving the laser head or - much easier - by using a pivoting mirror (scanner) are moved, in kinematic reversal, the workpiece can be moved relative to the stationary laser, mixed forms are advantageous.
  • the laser beam may be radial, i. be coupled perpendicular to the fracture separation notch or obliquely to the fracture separation notch.
  • the notch portions are thus perpendicular to the notch axis, while they are employed at an oblique coupling obliquely to the notch axis.
  • the coupling is preferably carried out at an angle of ⁇ 45 ° (with respect to the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Kerblijnsachse (in a connecting rod that is the radial plane of the connecting rod)).
  • the angle would thus be, for example, 30 ° to the horizontal and 60 ° to the vertical (see FIG. 11).
  • the pulse modulation can be done for example by varying the pulse width, the pulse rate, the pulse amplitude and / or the pulse phase. These parameters can be varied for pulse modulation alone or in any combination, so as to vary the registered pulse power / pulse energy or, for example, the pulse train at a constant pulse power and accordingly change the notch depth or notches along the course of the notch and thus further optimize the fracture behavior ,
  • the notch spacing or notch depth could be varied depending on the course of the fracture separation notch, for example in the connecting rod and along the outside of the actual connecting rod.
  • a modulation can be effected by a time-controlled pulse energy ramping, wherein the pulse frequency remains substantially constant.
  • pulse energy ramping is generally understood to mean a method in which the pulse power is increased during a pulse train to the ramp and / or reduced starting therefrom.
  • the modulation can also be carried out by a pulse train / pulse frequency modulation, in which case the pulse power can be kept approximately constant.
  • fiber laser it is preferred if a so-called fiber laser is used as the laser.
  • fiber lasers are known from the prior art, so that detailed descriptions of the structure can be dispensed with.
  • a laser having an average power of 50 watts or 100 watts and a pulse rate of substantially more than 1 kHz, preferably more than 10 kHz is used at a pulse duration of about 100-200 ns, wherein the feed more than 1000mm / can be min.
  • the pulse rate in conventional methods in about the same order of magnitude, the pulse frequency is much lower, for example, 50 to 140Hz.
  • the notch portions extend out of a continuous notch base.
  • the workpiece produced by the method may be, for example, a connecting rod or a crankcase or other workpiece in which a bearing eye or other area to be separated by a fracture separation process.
  • the workpiece produced by the method can have notch portions with different depths or different notches by varying the feed rate or the pulse of the laser. It is particularly preferred if the feed variations repeat periodically along the notch section.
  • a laser unit for carrying out the method has a laser module, a laser head for focusing the laser beam emitted via the laser module onto a workpiece to be machined and an feed axis which is effective in the feed direction. This can be controlled by a control unit such that the feed during laser processing is modulated. Alternatively or simultaneously, a pulse modulation can also be carried out via the control unit.
  • the notch spacing is determined by the period of the pulse modulation, for example by the period of the pulse energy camping or the pulse frequency modulation.
  • the Applicant reserves the right to make a claim thereon.
  • a highly dynamic feed axis is preferred, with which the feed rate changes with an acceleration of more than 0.5 g, preferably in the range of 1 to 2g can be carried out. That is, the feed rate profiles can be sinusoidally performed with high precision, in the limit, even almost rectangular.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser unit for producing a fracture separation notch in a large connecting rod
  • FIG. 2 shows a greatly enlarged illustration of a fracture separation notch produced by the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 a corresponding representation with modified laser power and / or pulse rate
  • FIG. 4 shows fracture separation notches depending on the feed
  • FIG. 5 shows fracture separation notches as a function of the mean laser power
  • Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the dependence of a notch depth of a feed of the laser beam
  • FIG. 7 shows a diagram for illustrating feed rate modulation as a function of time
  • FIG. 8 shows a diagram and an illustration to illustrate the resulting notch depth as a function of the average feed rate in feed rate modulation
  • FIG. 9 shows fracture separation notches under comparable conditions with and without feed rate modulation
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of a laser unit which can be used in a feed rate modulation laser method
  • Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser head of the laser unit according to FIG.
  • FIG. 12 shows a diagram for clarifying a pulse amplitude modulation of the laser
  • FIG. 13 shows a diagram for illustrating a pulse train modulation of the laser
  • Figure 14 shows a variant of the embodiments according to Figures 12 and 13 and
  • FIG. 15 shows a diagram in which the effects of a modulation of the feed and the pulse frequency on the notch depth are shown.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a large connecting rod 1, which is to be separated by fracture separation in a bearing shell and a connecting rod side part.
  • the course of this fracture separation plane 2 is predetermined by two diametrical fracture separation notches 4 (only one shown in FIG. 1), which is preferably formed in the form of a perforation with a multiplicity of notch sections 6.
  • two diametrical fracture separation notches 4 (only one shown in FIG. 1), which is preferably formed in the form of a perforation with a multiplicity of notch sections 6.
  • a fiber laser is used whose laser head 8 is shown schematically in FIG.
  • Such fiber lasers may in principle be diode-pumped solid-state lasers, with a core of a glass fiber forming the active medium.
  • the radiation of the solid-state laser is introduced via a coupling into the fiber, in which then takes place the actual laser gain.
  • the beam properties and beam quality of the laser can be adjusted via the geometry of the fiber (glass fiber), so that the laser remains largely independent of external influences and shows a very simple structure.
  • the laser beam is introduced into a glass fiber, via which the radiation is then directed to the laser head 8 shown in FIG. 1 and directed onto the workpiece 1 to be machined via its focusing optics 10.
  • a laser beam 12 impinges in the radial direction, ie perpendicular to the notch axis (vertical in FIG. 1).
  • This arrangement may have the disadvantage that the focusing optics 10 is contaminated by the reflowing material, since due to the 90 ° coupling reflections and possibly residual melt directly go back the beam path. If the coupling takes place obliquely, for example at 30 ° or 45 °, any reflections and residual melt occurring under the angle of reflection (see Figure 1: "12") are eliminated so that no contamination takes place
  • a laser unit with oblique coupling is described with reference to FIGS 1 described.
  • the notch geometry can additionally be influenced by the trailing (upwards in FIG. 11) or piercing (downward in FIG. 11) beam guidance.
  • the notch geometry can additionally be influenced by the air flow acting through the nozzle through the melt.
  • the spot diameter is about 30 m
  • the feed V is about 1500 mm / min.
  • a notch spacing of approximately 0.00125 mm would be calculated.
  • the notch spacing K (here at 45 ° obliquely coupled laser beam) is about 0, 1 mm.
  • FIG 2 shows a greatly enlarged view of a concretely processed by the method according to the invention with the above parameters Pleuelauges, in this embodiment, the laser beam obliquely (45 °) is coupled.
  • the average laser power is about 50 W and the pulse power at about 8 kW.
  • the distance between the perforation (notch spacing) K is about 0.1 mm, resulting in a continuous notch base (G), out of which the individual, the perforation forming notch portions 6 extend out.
  • the depth of the notch root G in the embodiment of Figure 2 is about 0.51 mm, while the depth P (seen in the radial direction) of the notch portions 6 is about 0.78 mm (measured from the peripheral wall 14 of the connecting rod 1).
  • FIG. 3 shows a similar embodiment with reduced laser power (40 W) and steeper coupling (30 °) of the laser beam 12 - it can be seen that the notch K results in no significant change, the depth G of the notch base and the depth P of the notch sections are at the steeper coupling and reduced laser power (40 W) slightly larger. With the somewhat steeper coupling, a notch improving the fracture behavior can thus be formed with even less power than in the previously described embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows the dependence of the fracture separation notch on the set feed rate V (see FIG. 1) with which the laser beam is moved in the kerf longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 5 shows the dependence of the fracture separation notch on the laser power.
  • an average laser power of 50 W was set.
  • the fracture separation notch shown below results from an average laser power of 100 W, the other parameters being unchanged. It can be seen clearly that with reduced laser power a somewhat finer notch structure with longer notch sections is formed, the notch spacing, however, remaining approximately unchanged, as already indicated above. With the reduced laser power, as expected, a continuous notch bottom with a slightly smaller depth G is formed than at a higher laser power.
  • the use of a laser with comparatively low laser power (50 W and less) at an average feed rate in the range between 500 and 1500 mm / min should therefore be optimal.
  • the beam quality can be improved by a so-called Q-switch.
  • a Q-switch is an optical device which, in a pulsed laser, delays the pulse, reduces the pulse duration, and increases the pulse height (peak power) to give a very sharp laser pulse which increases rapidly and after reaching a sharp maximum quickly drops again. Without such a Q-switch, the pulse is significantly wider and flatter.
  • FIG. 6 shows the dependence of the occurring notch depth on the feed, which is varied between 100 and 3000 mm / min.
  • the dimension S2 corresponds to the described measure G (depth of the notch base) and the measure S1 of the total depth P (see Figures 2 and 3) of the notch, so that the length of the notch portions of the difference (GP) corresponds.
  • the upper curve shows the course of the total depth S1 of the notch, while the lower curve shows the course of the depth of the notch base S2. It can be clearly seen that at comparatively low feed rates in the range of up to about 800 mm / min, there is a comparatively strong dependence of the notch depth (S1, S2) on the feed rate.
  • FIG. 7 shows examples of a feed rate modulation, which takes place according to a sine function.
  • the speed modulation tion after other, preferably periodic functions.
  • Shown is the course of the feed rates within a certain feed range, which does not correspond to the entire length of the traction fracture notch to be formed as a function of time.
  • the feed range between 67.5 and 69.5 mm, that is, there are only 2mm of the entire fracture separation notch shown, the velocity modulation in the non-illustrated areas of the fracture separation notch, however, takes place accordingly.
  • the slightly wavy from top left to bottom right curves shown (overhead dashed curve / bottom continuous curve) show the actual feed in the direction of the fracture separation notch as a function of time t.
  • the feed rate is varied according to the sine functions drawn, the sine function being associated with a larger amplitude of the dashed laser path, while the sine function having a smaller amplitude is assigned to the solid laser motion path. It can be seen that the feed rate is changed relatively high frequency, so that the laser head 8 has to be greatly accelerated and decelerated within a short time in order to adjust the motion profile along the traction fracture notch to be formed.
  • FIG. 8 shows a diagram in which the self-adjusting notch depth depending on the average feed V m , that is, the average value of the above-described speed modulation adjusts.
  • a fracture separation notch adjusts with the progression shown in FIG.
  • notch sections are formed from a notch base with the dimension S2 (G) corresponding to the sine period.
  • the sections marked S3 are formed in the areas in which the feed rate is comparatively low.
  • the score marked S1 Sections are formed in the areas where the laser speed moves at a comparatively high speed.
  • the course of the characteristic quantities S1 (P), S2 (G), S3 (P) as a function of the average feed is shown in the diagram according to FIG.
  • the curve above shows the course of the total notch depth (S3) at low feed rate, the curve S1 the course of the notch depth at a comparatively high feed rate (always during the speed modulation) and the curve S2 the course of the depth of the notch base again.
  • the notch depth decreases as the average feed rate increases.
  • notch sections with varying notch depths can be formed with appropriate speed modulation. It was found that such a notch has a significantly improved fracture mechanics compared to the aforementioned notches.
  • the feed rate modulation makes it possible to form comparatively deep and sharp starting notches which significantly improve the initiation fracture toughness and the arrest fracture toughness against continuous perforation score scores without the feed rate modulation.
  • the modulation of the feed rate can also be done in dependence on the component geometry. That is, in very complex components, for example, breakthroughs in the fracture separation notch, the feed rate can be adapted to the geometry of the component, so that in unproblematic areas with a relatively high feed rate or amplitude of the feed rate modulation is driven, while in more critical areas, the speed modulation accordingly is withdrawn, so that sets a lower average feed rate or a constant feed rate.
  • a notch made according to the feed rate modulation method of the present invention is shown, with the feed rate modulated in the range of 1 17 to 1 157 mm / min. It can be clearly seen that burns in the region of the notch base can be reliably avoided by this modulation. Furthermore, one recognizes the trained by appropriate speed modulation notch portions with greater or lesser depth, the depth also depends on the angle of attack of the laser. In the illustrated exemplary embodiments, the angle of attack, that is to say the coupling-in angle, was approximately 30 ° with respect to the horizontal in FIG. 9.
  • the laser unit has a laser module 16 which contains, for example, a fiber laser and the control of this fiber laser.
  • the control of the laser unit 16 is designed so that the feed rate of the laser beam can be modulated in the manner described above.
  • the laser beam 12 generated by the laser module 16 is guided via optical fibers 18 to a recollimator 20, which is merely indicated in FIG.
  • the laser beam is converted into a parallel beam, with the beam diameter in the range of about 6mm.
  • This parallel beam is then guided via the light guide 18 to the laser head 8, via which a laser beam is then directed onto the workpiece to be machined, in the present case a connecting rod eye 1 of a connecting rod.
  • the focused laser beam is coupled at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal in FIG.
  • the laser head 8 is designed with a Z-feed axis 22, via which the feed takes place in the longitudinal groove axis.
  • This feed axis is designed as a highly dynamic axis, with the extremely high accelerations at a high loop gain and a large jerk are feasible, so that an extremely precise control of the modulation is required.
  • the accelerations can be, for example in the range between 1 to 2 g, the loop gain in the range of 10 n / min / mm (166.71 / s) and the jerk greater than 400 m / s 3 are.
  • the laser head 8 is still designed with a pivot axis 24, via which the laser head 8 can be pivoted about the Z feed axis 22.
  • the laser unit further has an X-adjusting axis 26, via which the entire laser head 8 in the X direction (radially to the connecting rod 1) is movable. With such a device can also form sinusoidal fracture separation notches.
  • FIG. 11 shows the basic design of the beam guide in the laser head 8.
  • the light guide 18 coupled to the fiber laser (laser module 16) is converted in the recollimator 20 into a parallel beam with a diameter of approximately 6 mm and then transferred via a deflection mirror 28 90 ° in the direction of the Pleuelaugenachse deflected.
  • the deflected laser beam 12 is then focused on the Pleuelaugenwandung via an optic with a focal length of, for example, 100mm, wherein an alignment to Pleuelmayswandung via another deflecting mirror 32, which is employed in the illustrated embodiment at an angle of 60 ° to the horizontal, so that the laser beam as a result of a coupling angle of 30 ° to the horizontal or an angle of incidence of 60 ° to the incident on the deflection mirror 32 perpendicular part of the laser beam 12 (deflection 60 °) impinges on the Pleuelindividuswandung.
  • the laser beam exits via a nozzle 34 and is focused so that the laser spot is located approximately 3 mm in front of the exit plane of the nozzle 34.
  • a protective glass 34 is provided in the beam path between the nozzle 34 and deflecting mirror 32.
  • the pivot axis 24 is also recognizable, the laser head 8 being rotatably mounted via a pivot bearing 38 and can be pivoted about the Z-feed axis 22 via a motor, not shown, so that virtually every peripheral wall region of the connecting rod can be reached ,
  • a fracture separation notch 4 can be formed, in which the notch sections 6 are spaced in 1/10 mm range, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. It was found that even when using a laser with a power of only 30 watts, a highly effective perforated fracture separation notch 4 can be formed.
  • feed modulation takes place.
  • feed modulation can also be a pulse modulation, for example in the manner described below.
  • a pulse-shaped carrier or basic function is modulated, wherein, for example, the pulse width, the pulse duration or the pulse phase can be varied.
  • the pulse energy (Pulsram- ping) or the pulse rate / Plus sequence are modulated.
  • the pulse amplitude modulation the aforementioned rectangular carrier pulse sequence is changed by a variation of the pulse amplitudes.
  • pulse width modulation the pulse width of the underlying carrier function is correspondingly varied.
  • the pulse position is phase-shifted relative to the respective carrier function, a fixed pulse width and pulse amplitude being used.
  • the timing is adapted to the present, preferably constant feed rate and the desired notch section grid (perforation grid).
  • the Pulhrenergyrampenform forms the perforation shape in about.
  • FIG. 12 shows such a modulation with a time-controlled pulse energy ramping.
  • the output or carrier function is represented by the course of the pulse energy E K i as a function of time, the pulse energy being, for example, 1 mJ with a pulse length of 120 ns and a frequency of 50 kHz.
  • This carrier function is superimposed with a ramp-shaped modulation of the pulse energy (PRamp), the course of which is shown in FIG.
  • PRamp ramp-shaped modulation of the pulse energy
  • FIG. 13 shows an embodiment with a pulse train or pulse frequency modulation. Similar to the previously described embodiment, it is assumed that an output or carrier pulse train with a pulse energy of 1 m J, a pulse length of 120 ns. This output function is used in pulse sequence modulation. on is modulated by the pulse frequency is varied between a maximum value of 100 kHz and a minimum value of 20 kHz, wherein the variation of Figure 13 is performed again in approximately sinusoidal. The period of this pulse sequence or frequency change then again determines the notch spacing K. It can be clearly seen that the maximum notch depth is formed in the regions with a pulse power of 1 mJ and a high frequency in the range of 100 kHz. Accordingly, the notch depth is dependent on the pulse rate (at constant pulse power).
  • the feed rate is 200 mm / min.
  • Such a modulation of the carrier function results in a pulse train modulation E K ipf, in which the pulse sequence is varied between 10 and 50 ⁇ at a modulation frequency (pulse train period of 1 1 .1 Hz).
  • the notch spacing K for such a pulse train modulation results from the period (1 1 .1 Hz), so that by appropriate selection of the frequency period (pulse train modulation) or the period of the ramp shape (pulse energy ramping) Perforation grid, ie the notch spacing K yields.
  • a notch spacing of 0.3 mm for example, a notch spacing of 0.3 mm. This type of modulation can also be called "frequency sweeping".
  • FIG. 14 shows, in a very general form, an exemplary embodiment in which the notch depth or the notch spacing is changed by varying the pulse power P, wherein this power control takes place dynamically. Both the pulse width and the pulse amplitude and possibly also the pulse frequency are varied.
  • a burst mode can be used in the pulse modulation, in which the laser pulses are output from an energy storage until a predetermined number of pulses reached or the energy storage is discharged. It is assumed that the fracture separation notch is then completely formed and the workpiece is fed to another station. The energy store is then charged during this workpiece handling and is then ready for the next laser processing. Based on the diagram in Figure 15, the findings of the invention will be summarized again. This graph shows the depth of the notch as a function of feed and pulse rate.
  • the notch depth at a high frequency is almost twice as large as at a pulse frequency of 50 kHz. It is assumed that a laser with an average power of 100 watts is used with a pulse energy of 1 mJ, a pulse duration of 130 ns and a coupling angle of 90 °.
  • both the feed rate and the laser pulse can be modulated.
  • the Applicant tends to vary the feed rate at full laser power, whereby the almost linear dependence of the notch depth on the feed rate modulation can always be used at full laser power.
  • the non-productive times can be greatly reduced, wherein the feed rate modulation is relatively easy to carry out.
  • the modulation can be further simplified if the laser is carried out with scanner technology, wherein the alignment of the laser via a pivoting mirror or an optics takes place, so that a linear axis can be largely dispensed with.
  • the feed rate and / or the laser pulse during laser processing is modulated as a function of the workpiece geometry and / or.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture et une pièce réalisé selon un tel procédé. Selon l'invention, la vitesse d'avancement et/ou la pulsation du laser sont modulées lors du traitement au laser en fonction de la géométrie de la pièce et/ou de la puissance du laser.
EP12714675.1A 2011-04-06 2012-04-10 Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser Withdrawn EP2694242A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12714675.1A EP2694242A1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2012-04-10 Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser
US14/110,023 US20140090515A1 (en) 2011-04-06 2012-04-10 Method for Fracture Splitting Workpieces, Workpiece, and Laser Unit

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2011/055384 WO2011124627A1 (fr) 2010-04-06 2011-04-06 Procédé pour séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser
EP12714675.1A EP2694242A1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2012-04-10 Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser
PCT/EP2012/056480 WO2012136858A1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2012-04-10 Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2694242A1 true EP2694242A1 (fr) 2014-02-12

Family

ID=49884339

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12714675.1A Withdrawn EP2694242A1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2012-04-10 Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20140090515A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2694242A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6958340B2 (ja) 2017-12-25 2021-11-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 コンロッドの製造方法及びコンロッド
EP4008474B1 (fr) * 2019-08-01 2024-07-17 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. Procédé de fabrication d'un outil de coupe, et l'outil de coupe

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5208979A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-05-11 Howard Schmidt Prefracture laser formation of a stress riser groove
JP2004308779A (ja) * 2003-04-07 2004-11-04 Daido Metal Co Ltd 摺動部材及びその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140090515A1 (en) 2014-04-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP4200101B1 (fr) Procédé de production d'au moins une partie de pièce à usiner et d'une pièce à usiner résiduelle à partir d'une pièce à usiner
DE102007038502B4 (de) Verfahren zum Fügen von mindestens zwei Werkstücken mittels eines Laserstrahls
EP3914418B1 (fr) Procédé d'usinage par faisceau d'une pièce à usiner en forme de plaque ou de tube
EP4017674B1 (fr) Procédé d'oxycoupage au moyen d'un faisceau laser
EP1660269B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour percer des trous par impulsions laser co2
EP2489458A1 (fr) Dispositif de traitement laser doté d'un agencement laser commutable et procédé de traitement laser
EP4238687B1 (fr) Procédé d'usinage d'une pièce à usiner en forme de plaque ou de tube
DE102012003202A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Werkstücken, insbesondere von Schneiden oder mit Schneiden versehenen Werkstücken, mit einem Nasslaser
WO2012136858A1 (fr) Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser
EP4238690B1 (fr) Procédé d'usinage d'une pièce en forme de plaque ou de tube
EP3487657B1 (fr) Procédé pour produire des saillies ou des évidements en biais au niveau d'un bord de coupe d'une pièce en forme de plaque et produit programme informatique associé
EP4415919A1 (fr) Procédé de soudage laser d'une pièce, à changement rapide entre des zones de soudage comportant des matériaux à souder différents
EP4422819A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de parties de pièces présentant des arêtes de coupe chanfreinées
DE102023104504A1 (de) Verfahren zum Bruchtrennen von Werkstücken und Werkstück
DE102009047995B3 (de) Verfahren zur gratfreien trennenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken
DE3801068A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum abtragen mittels gebuendelter energiestrahlen
EP2468445B1 (fr) Machine de traitement au laser avec un laser diode, dont son faisceau peut tourner autour de son axe, et procédé de traitement d'une pièce
EP2694242A1 (fr) Procédé destiné à séparer des pièces par rupture, pièce et unité laser
DE102015212284A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum pulverbasierten Laser-Auftragsschweißen
EP2470940B1 (fr) Lunettes, dispositif présentant un élément de lunettes et un élément de charnière, et procédé de fixation d'un élément de charnière sur un élément de lunettes
WO2023072567A1 (fr) Procédé d'usinage d'une pièce par faisceau laser à énergie par unité de longueur constante du faisceau laser
DE29519126U1 (de) Einrichtung zum Bruchtrennen eines Werkstücks
DE102005034106A1 (de) Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Laserpulses für die Feinbearbeitung von Werkstücken mit einem Faserlaser
WO2025099150A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour découper une pièce à usiner au moyen d'un faisceau laser
EP4580828A1 (fr) Procédé d'usinage au laser d'une pièce allongée et dispositif d'usinage au laser pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20131106

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20161025

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20181101