EP2732446A2 - Élément d'isolation acoustique à forte absorption, en particulier pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Élément d'isolation acoustique à forte absorption, en particulier pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP2732446A2
EP2732446A2 EP12728584.9A EP12728584A EP2732446A2 EP 2732446 A2 EP2732446 A2 EP 2732446A2 EP 12728584 A EP12728584 A EP 12728584A EP 2732446 A2 EP2732446 A2 EP 2732446A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
sound insulation
nonwoven
nonwoven layer
insulation component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12728584.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2732446B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Czep
Marco Schneider
Volker Kursch
Norbert Nicolai
Volkmar Schulze
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adler Pelzer Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
HP Pelzer Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HP Pelzer Holding GmbH filed Critical HP Pelzer Holding GmbH
Publication of EP2732446A2 publication Critical patent/EP2732446A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2732446B1 publication Critical patent/EP2732446B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a highly absorbent sound insulation component, a process for its preparation and its use.
  • the invention relates in particular to the field of sound absorption, inter alia in the area of the front wall of motor vehicles with a high-weight soundproofing of low weight.
  • a low sound level in the vehicle interior contributes to a relaxed driving experience and thus to the increased passive safety of a motor vehicle.
  • the physical principles of absorption and isolation are known.
  • An optimal solution, which may differ for each application, represents the coupling of both systems.
  • Suitable material combinations are used, for example, for vehicle carpets / floor covering systems, end wall modules or in the headliner and contribute significantly to reducing the background noise in the vehicle interior.
  • Components that cause insulation have a closed structure, ie no sound or air passage; they are on most effective in a mass-spring construction.
  • a closed structure ie no sound or air passage; they are on most effective in a mass-spring construction.
  • such a system also includes an elastic, soft absorptive underlayer.
  • the elastic layer causes a partial vibration control decoupling of the individual elements and thus a reduction of the noise.
  • the insulation is determined by the mass of a heavy layer and by the spring stiffness of an absorptive layer.
  • DE 203 20 102 U l relates to a multilayer, sound-absorbing lightweight component, in particular for motor vehicles.
  • Claimed is a multilayer, sound-absorbing component, in particular for motor vehicles, with an air-permeable cover layer and at least one air-permeable nonwoven layer of thermoplastic fibers, wherein the cover layer is sound-permeable coupled with the nonwoven layer, characterized in that the nonwoven layer at a basis weight in the range of 500 to 1500 g / m 2 has a thickness in the range of 2 to 7 mm and is not or only partially connected to the cover layer with an area fraction of less than 20% of its surface facing the cover layer.
  • the invention relates to a process for the direct rear foaming of absorber systems.
  • the invention relates to a process for the direct sintering of absorber systems, wherein the absorber consists of a foam layer or nonwoven layer with one or two-sided cover layer, characterized in that one provides an absorber very low density on the ground side with a WegMumfesten cover layer, the absorber in the Positioning foaming tool and builds a pressure in the absorber on the mass-facing side in the closed foaming before the foaming process.
  • a lightweight sound-insulating lining for a body part of a motor vehicle in particular in the form of a light end wall cladding comprising a sound absorber layer, a substantially airtight sound insulation layer directly connected to the sound absorber layer and a subsequent foam view, wherein the sound absorber layer of a porous absorber, is preferably formed of a nonwoven fabric or foam having an air permeability in the range of 150 to 2000 liters / m 2 d at a test pressure of 100 Pa.
  • the soundproofing layer consists of an integral, at least 0.5 mm thick skin layer of the foam layer and is foam-bonded to the porous absorber by foam-filling of the porous absorber, essentially without foam breakdown
  • DE 103 60 427 A1 relates to a sound-reducing surface element with improved properties with respect to sound insulation and soundproofing, comprising a heavy layer, a light layer, which form a mass-spring system, and one on the opposite side of the light weight layer by needling attached first nonwoven layer.
  • the heavy layer has through-holes, which are filled by needling with the nonwoven material of the first nonwoven layer, so that a high structure-borne sound attenuation, i. H. a high loss factor, even over a long period of time is guaranteed.
  • DE 10 2007 036 952 Al describes a sound insulation, in particular for the motor vehicle interior of a foam layer and a barrier layer (Absorptionsvlies), which is characterized in that between the foam layer and the barrier layer wholly or partially an optionally micro-perforated nonwoven layer, a micro-perforated Foil or a micro-perforated film nonwoven is located.
  • EP 0 909 680 A1 uses polyester fibers as sound absorbers. The diameter of the fibers used, the thickness, and the air resistance determine the efficiency and the frequency range in which the sound is absorbed.
  • DE 20 2004 009 726 U1 comprises a sound-absorbing, self-supporting end wall cladding for motor vehicles for shielding the passenger compartment from the engine compartment, with a sound absorber formed from at least partially compressed nonwoven material, which is characterized in that it is provided with a plastic frame which is provided by injection molding or rear pressing the compressed nonwoven material is formed and has at least one integrated fastening means.
  • a sound absorber formed from at least partially compressed nonwoven material, which is provided with a plastic frame which is provided by injection molding or rear pressing the compressed nonwoven material is formed and has at least one integrated fastening means.
  • fibrous materials the same or similar components are also known from foams, preferably PUR or melamine with different densities.
  • a lightweight, sound-insulating panel for a body part of a motor vehicle and a method for their production is described in DE 10 2007 020 832 AI.
  • the cladding which is described in particular in the form of a light end wall cladding, comprises a sound absorber layer, one directly with the sound absorber layer
  • the sound insulation layer consists of an integral, at least 0.5 mm thick skin layer of the foam layer and is connected by back-foaming of the porous absorber, substantially without foam breakdown, with the porous absorber cohesively.
  • a vehicle interior part made of plastic, which also has a sound insulation, is known from DE 34 48 259 C2.
  • the plastic inner part includes polyolefin and / or polystyrene, synthetic rubber and filler.
  • a foam is used as a sound absorber, so often preformed components are manufactured here. These are optimized in their composition so that they have the required frequency-related sound absorption for the corresponding position in the vehicle.
  • a multi-layer absorber according to the acoustic spring-mass system is described in DE 199 09 046 AI.
  • the serving as a mass heavy layer is in different layer thicknesses and / or with
  • DE 10 2004 054 646 A1 relates to a lightweight sound-insulating lining for a body part of a motor vehicle, in particular in the form of a front wall cladding, and to a method for producing such a cladding.
  • the cladding has a form-foamed sound insulation layer made of polyurethane foam and a molded foam sound-absorbing layer of open-cell flexible polyurethane foam.
  • a sound insulation component in particular for motor vehicles having at least one sound-absorbing layer and at least one heavy-duty layer directly bonded thereto, and processes for its production are described in DE 10 2005 056 840 B3.
  • the heavy layer is formed as a microporous spray skin, in such a way that it has at least one air-permeable surface portion and at least one air-impermeable surface portion.
  • DE 103 24 257 B3 comprises a sound absorber, which consists of two interconnected thermoplastic and / or thermoset bonded textile fiber webs.
  • the two textile fiber webs have different layer thicknesses and densities, to improve the sound absorption on.
  • a special form of absorber are open 2-layer absorbers in which the flow resistance and thus the impedance of both layers differ.
  • this is understood as the combination of two layers; are known nonwoven / nonwoven, nonwoven / foam and foam / foam with different air flow resistance.
  • the acoustic performance is based on the balance between absorption and isolation, see for example DE 103 24 257 B3; EP 0 934 180 B2 (WO 98/18657); WO 98/18656; US 6,145,617; WO 99/44817
  • microperforated components In DE 197 54 107 C1 and the prior art referred to here, the absorption behavior of microperforated components is investigated.
  • baffle structures constructed in layers of microperforated films are examined, which depend as a compact absorber on a ceiling or a roof.
  • the microperforated films are suitable, one-sided or bilateral, vertical, oblique or grazing striking
  • Components for use in motor vehicles are known from the prior art, which lie next to one or two micro-perforated films with fibrous or foamy absorbers behind a film or between the two films;
  • a sound absorber may also have a foam layer. This is described, for example, in DE 100 22 902 A1.
  • the trim or form element for transport described here comprises at least one micro-perforated film absorber, at least one foam and / or nonwoven absorber and / or air gap at a spatial distance from a reverberant wall.
  • the disadvantages of the variants a.) - g.) are mainly the high weight and the high cost and the lack of sound absorption. If the variants h.) - m.) Are foamed with foam, the foam forms by the penetration into the fleece (the needle felt or the flocculated nonwoven (HMP process)) or the cut foam a closed layer, whereby the fleece / the cut foam loses much of its porosity. Thus, the acoustic permeability and thus the desired absorption is limited, reduced. Since this closed layer is not concentrated on a thin area and thus no pronounced barrier layer (insulation) is formed, this component does not optimally insulating. Likewise, this results in further acoustic losses, which is the part of the fleece / the cut foam, which is impregnated with foam,
  • the nonwovens are usually pressed hard, and a layer is formed in which the foam collapses in the nonwoven (150-800 g / m 2 ). Both significantly worsen the absorption.
  • the present invention therefore has as its object to provide a flow-open (acoustically open) material structure
  • a highly absorbent sound insulation component 1 comprising a nonwoven layer 2 and a foam layer 3 of constant thickness which is partially or selectively in contact with it, characterized in that the nonwoven layer 2 has regions of different thickness and / or density, wherein an optionally micro-perforated nonwoven layer 4, a microperforated film 4 a microperforated film web 4 or an optionally perforated heavy foil 4 is located between the nonwoven layer 2 and the foam layer 3 over the entire surface or part of the area.
  • This construction increases the thickness of the absorber in the area with a larger installation space (improvement of the absorption), while in areas with smaller installation space the absorber is more compressed (dual-impedance effect).
  • the foam has a constant thickness and / or density, wherein the changes in thickness of the component by space variations in the web 2 done.
  • the insulation loss occurring with absorptive insulation with a low weight is optimally compensated or reduced by an optimized thickness adaptation of the absorber by increased absorption.
  • this layer 4 preferably has a weight per unit area in the range from 20 to 200 g / m 2 , if appropriate microperforated nonwoven layer 4; 35 to 100 g / m 2 in the case of the microperforated film 4; if it is a microperforated film fleece 4, then this preferably has a basis weight in the range of 65 to 280 g / m 2 .
  • the optionally perforated heavy foil 4 has in particular a surface weight of 0.8 to 3 kg / m 2 . This embodiment is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the partially or punctually on the nonwoven layer (2) located foam layer (3) may consist of synthetic, in particular polyurethanes (PUR), or natural polymers, especially latex. If the foam layer (3) is a PUR, then this expediently has a density in the range from 20 to 120 g / l, in particular in the range from 45 to 85 g / l. Although higher volume weights bring an increase in the insulation but also an undesirable increase in mass of the material structure according to the invention with it. For too small densities has the
  • an optionally micro-perforated nonwoven layer 4 a microperforated film 4, a microperforated film nonwoven 4 or an optionally perforated heavy foil 4 is arranged.
  • a good compromise between absorption and insulation can be achieved.
  • the optionally microperforated nonwoven layer 4 or the microperforated nonwoven web 4 of the material structure according to the invention may contain various synthetic or natural fibers, also in the form of a mixture thereof.
  • polyester fibers in particular PET, polyamide fibers, in particular nylon 6 or nylon 66, polyolefin fibers, in particular PP or PE, acrylic fibers, natural fibers, in particular raw cotton, flax, hemp, flax, coconut, kenaf, jute and or sisal fibers, or mixtures of these, in particular shredded cotton fibers with a synthetic part or PET / PA nonwovens, or copolymers thereof.
  • a demand-oriented absorption distribution is achieved in that the fleece 2 is pressed hard in areas with little space (for foam); and in areas with sufficient space (for foam) is little pressed.
  • the foam thickness can be kept significantly more constant over the entire component.
  • the fleece 2 is preferably calendered on the foam side, so that there is no collapsing layer between the foam 3 and the fleece 2, which impairs the absorption.
  • the foam is coupled fluid-open, so that the absorption capacity of the foam contributes to the total absorption.
  • the core of the invention lies in the different degree of compression of the web 2 over the component surface, the relatively constant foam thickness 3, and in the foam side Ankalandrieren of the web, and thus none (a partially very small) formation of an intermediate layer due to foam collapse in the web 2.
  • the foam -System "coupled" to improve the absorption of the absorber fleece.
  • Essential in a preferred embodiment of the invention is, on the one hand, the high absorption and, on the other hand, the additional application of the microperforated film 4, etc., between the foam and the nonwoven, in the matching / adjustment of absorption and insulation.
  • the sound insulation component 1 according to the invention is preferably characterized in that the absorbent nonwoven 2 is a nonwoven having a weight per unit area in the range from 180 to 1800 g / m 2 , in particular in the range from 220 to 1300 g / m 2 .
  • Higher basis weights lead to an undesirably high mass increase of the material structure, lower to a reduction in its stability.
  • the absorbent web 2 may contain various synthetic or natural fibers, even in the form of a mixture thereof.
  • polyester fibers in particular PET, polyamide fibers, in particular nylon 6 or nylon 66, polyolefin fibers, in particular PP or PE, acrylic fibers, natural fibers, in particular raw cotton, hemp, flax, cocos, kenaf, jute and / or sisal fibers , or mixtures of these, in particular tear cotton fibers with synthetic part or PET / PA nonwovens, or copolymers of these can be used.
  • the layer 2 may also contain so-called bicomponent fibers (BiCo fibers) with a mass fraction of 10 to 50%, in particular 15 to 40%.
  • BiCo fibers so-called bicomponent fibers
  • FIG. 1 shows a corresponding structure of a sound insulation component 1 with the nonwoven layer 2 and the foam layer 3.
  • At least one further textile or non-textile optionally perforated layer 5 demand-oriented partially or fully plastic, rubber, metal , Leather, imitation leather, wood, cork, cellulose (paper) or cardboard.
  • This embodiment is contained in FIG. 2, in which this structure is also combined with the microperforated intermediate layer 4.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément d'isolation acoustique à forte absorption, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation. L'invention a trait en particulier au domaine de l'absorption acoustique, notamment dans la région du tablier à l'intérieur de véhicules automobiles au moyen d'une isolation acoustique à forte absorption de faible poids.
EP12728584.9A 2011-07-11 2012-06-20 Élément d'isolation acoustique à forte absorption, en particulier pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule Active EP2732446B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011078935A DE102011078935A1 (de) 2011-07-11 2011-07-11 Hochabsorptives Schallisolationsbauteil, insbesondere für den Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum
PCT/EP2012/061875 WO2013007489A2 (fr) 2011-07-11 2012-06-20 Élément d'isolation acoustique à forte absorption, en particulier pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2732446A2 true EP2732446A2 (fr) 2014-05-21
EP2732446B1 EP2732446B1 (fr) 2020-12-23

Family

ID=46321024

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12728584.9A Active EP2732446B1 (fr) 2011-07-11 2012-06-20 Élément d'isolation acoustique à forte absorption, en particulier pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2732446B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011078935A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013007489A2 (fr)

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DE102021108602A1 (de) * 2021-04-07 2022-10-13 Adler Pelzer Holding Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schallisolierung mit Vlies-Isolation und Schallisolierung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013007489A3 (fr) 2013-05-30
EP2732446B1 (fr) 2020-12-23
DE102011078935A1 (de) 2013-01-17
WO2013007489A2 (fr) 2013-01-17

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