Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N15/062—Starter drives
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
  • F02N15/025—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the friction type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
  • F16D13/22—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members
  • F16D13/38—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
  • F16D13/58—Details
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
  • F02N15/023—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the overrunning type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/043—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer
  • F02N15/046—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer of the planetary type

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a friction launcher for meshing with a ring gear for starting a heat engine, especially a motor vehicle.
• the present invention also relates to a starter of a heat engine, especially a motor vehicle, comprising such an assembly.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically in a simplified manner, a launcher starter.
• a starter 1 with a heat engine launcher in particular a motor vehicle, comprises:
• a casing 1 1 connected to the mass of a battery
• a drive shaft 15 comprising an axis X, rotatably supported by the casing January 1 through a front bearing 1 1 A;
• control lever 3 forming a moving assembly with the launcher 2, the control lever 3 is configured to control the movement of the launcher 2 and the meshing of its pinion 21 with the crown C;
• a reducing system 7 for example an epicyclic reduction gearbox connecting the drive shaft 15 to the rotor shaft 5.
• the operating means controls the control lever 3 when a starting engine is requested, either manually and / or automatically.
• the control lever 3 advances the launcher 2 towards a toothed belt C coupled in rotation with the crankshaft of the heat engine, until the pinion 21 is meshed with the toothed belt C.
• the launcher 2 couples the drive shaft 15 with the pinion 21.
• the electric motor M rotates the crankshaft of the engine (not shown) through the pinion 21 and the crown C.
• launcher 2 There are different types of launcher 2, for example friction throwers, or freewheelers with rollers.
• the invention relates to friction throwers. Examples of friction launchers are described in patent applications FR1056174 and WO2006 / 100353.
• the friction throwers comprise a driver 22 mounted on the drive shaft 15 by means of splines, a driving part 23 which is rotatably connected to the pinion 21, also called a driving flange or coupling piece, and a system clutch 24.
• the clutch system 24 makes it possible to rotate the drive member 23 and pinion 21 together with the driver 22.
• the pinion 21 is free to rotate with respect to the drive shaft 15 when the system
• the clutch 24 is deactivated (in the disengaged position) and is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 15 when the clutch system 24 is activated (in the engaged position).
• the clutch system 24 comprises at least one pressure plate 245 integral in rotation and in translation with the driver 22 and a reaction plate 245b integral in rotation and in translation with the coupling piece 23.
• the system of FIG. clutch 24 includes friction linings.
• the clutch system 24 is disk, such a system is described in the application of FR1056174.
• the clutch system 24 comprises at least two disks, an inner disk and an outer disk made of friction materials.
• the internal disk (s) are integral in rotation with the driver 22 and the external disk (s) are integral. in rotation with the gear piece 23.
• the inner disks are mounted around a portion of the driver 22 and are slidable along that outer periphery portion of the driver.
• the outer disks are mounted within a portion of the driving part 23 and can also slide inside the drive part 23.
• the connections between the disks and the drive part 23 or the 22 may be formed by notches and grooves
• the clutch system is activated when the pressure plate 245a of the driver 22 compresses the friction liners (for example the internal and external disks) against the reaction plate 245b of the drive part 23, through discs in the case of a disc launcher.
• the friction liners for example the internal and external disks
• the driver 22 is therefore movable relative to the driving part 23.
• the pressure plate 245a compresses the friction linings against the reaction plate 245b, when the piece
• the driver 22 comprises at least one portion 22a enclosed in the driving part 23.
• the dotted lines shown in FIG. 1 delimit, in this position of the driver with respect to the driving piece 23, the front portion of the coach 22 locked in the workpiece and the rear portion of the coach 22.
• the coach 22 is therefore coupled with the driving part 23.
• the part 22a is therefore coupled with the driving part 23.
• the thrust control lever 3 of the friction throwers can advance the thrower 2 to engage its sprocket 21 in the crown C in two ways.
• a first way is that the control lever 3 is arranged to push the driver 22 which can activate the clutch and thus mate with the driving part 23. In this way, the control lever 3 pushes in a first time the coach 22, then in a second time the pinion assembly, the coach and the drive part to the crown C through the coach.
• the other way is that the lever directly pushes the driving part 23, moving all the bodies of the launcher 2.
• the driver 22 is pushed towards the belt C in the uncoupled position through the drive part 23. This way of operation is described in particular in the patent application.
• the driver 22 is movable in translation relative to the drive shaft 15 and to the drive part 23.
• the driver 22 is disconnected of the driving part 23. It follows that the pinion, the workpiece and the trainer are not maintained, that is to say, are not immobilized.
• the starter receives vibrations, including those due to vibration of the engine in operating condition and that due to road vibrations when the car rolls. The vibrations cause noise and wear on the launcher 2, in particular, the splines of the driver 22 and the bearings between the pinion 21 and the shaft.
• the object of the present invention is to reduce noise and vibration in the context of a friction launcher.
• the starter friction launcher comprises:
• a pinion comprising a bore for the passage of a shaft
• a driving part comprising a bore for the passage of a drive shaft, the driving part being mounted to rotate with the pinion
• a driver comprising a bore for the passage of a drive shaft of a starter, movable in translation along the axis X of the bore with respect to the drive part between a disengaged position and a coupled position, a coupling means comprising a friction clutch comprising a pressure plate on the driver and a reaction plate on the drive part and in which the friction clutch is a disk clutch arranged to couple
• the return means immobilizes the trainer relative to the driving part in the rest position, that is to say when
• the biasing means is arranged to push the coach to press a surface of the driver against a surface of the drive part or a translationally connected therewith.
• the two surfaces in contact have friction surface properties well below the disc surfaces for friction so that the driver is not rotatably coupled with the drive part.
• the recoil means exerts a force by pulling the driver and the driving part towards the position
• the drive part comprises a housing part surrounding a part of the driver, in which the launcher further comprises a ring fixed to the driving part comprising a surface facing a surface of a shoulder of the driver enclosed in the housing and wherein, in the uncoupled position, the biasing means exerts a force on the driver against the surface of the ring,
• the biasing means is mounted in compression against a radial inner face of the drive member and a front face forming an axial end of the driver located inside the drive piece to separate the workpiece driver. training.
• the coupling means comprises a friction clutch comprising a pressure plate on the driver and a reaction plate on the drive part.
• the friction clutch is a disc clutch.
• the pressure plate and the reaction plate each comprise a friction skirt arranged to press one against the other in the coupled position.
• the driving part comprises a first part on which is mounted the pinion and a second part surrounding a part of the trainer, in which the pinion is sliding on the first part of the driving part and is rotationally integral in in both directions, with the driving part, the launcher further comprises a spring mounted between the radial rear face of the pinion facing the radial front face of the second part of the driving piece,
• the return means is a spring washer.
• the invention also relates to a combustion engine starter of
• Internal combustion in particular of a motor vehicle, is characterized in that it comprises such a launcher.
• the starter may furthermore comprise:
• the launcher comprises a recoil shoulder and at least one advancing shoulder arranged to cooperate with a portion of the control lever, wherein the biasing means is arranged to exert a force on the driver to the uncoupled position and the force of the biasing means is less than the force exerted by the lever on the driver when the latter is in the coupled position.
• the part of the lever cooperating with the launcher comprises
• the portion of the lever is arranged to push on the surface of a shoulder secured to the driver towards the position coupled to the drive piece compressing the recall means
• the return means is arranged for, when the control lever is in the deactivated position, keeping the driver in the uncoupled position against a shoulder integral in translation with the driving part.
• a drive shaft comprising an axis, rotatably supported by the housing through a front bearing
• an electric motor comprising a rotor shaft rotatably coupled to the drive shaft
• the launcher comprises: • a driver mounted, via spline, on the drive shaft,
• a pinion capable of moving axially with respect to the drive shaft and being free to rotate with respect to the drive shaft;
• a drive piece secured in rotation with the pinion comprising a skirt surrounding a portion of the driver
• the trainer is movable in translation along the axis relative to the drive part between a so-called coupled position in which it activates the coupling system and a disengaged position in which the system
• lever control means arranged to allow
• Figure 1 schematically shows a simplified way a starter according to the state of the art.
• Figure 2a shows an axial section of a launcher according to a first embodiment.
• FIG. 3 represents an axial section of a starter comprising a launcher according to FIG. 2a.
• Figure 4 shows an axial section of a second embodiment of a launcher mounted on a drive shaft in a disengaged position.
• Figure 5 shows the second embodiment of the launcher shown in Figure 4, mounted on a drive shaft, in a coupled position.
• Figure 6 shows an axial section of a launcher according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• Forward to back orientation corresponds to a left to right orientation in FIGS. 1, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
• a front face is a face facing towards the direction of a front bearing of the starter supporting its drive shaft and a rear face is a face facing towards the direction of a rear bearing supporting a rotor shaft of the starter.
• FIG. 2a shows a friction starter in section of a starter.
• the friction launcher shown is a disk friction launcher 2 (hereinafter referred to as a launcher 2 or launcher 2) but there is also another friction launcher such as cone friction launches.
• the disk launcher shown in FIG. 2a will now be described.
• the launcher 2 has a pinion 21 at the front and a driver 22 at the rear and a drive piece 23 between the two.
• the driver 22 includes a cylindrical bore 221 having an X axis for mounting around a starter drive shaft.
• the driver 22 has a front section 22A having a smooth bore and a rear section 22b having splines 221b matching flutes on the drive shaft.
• the splines 221 b surround the splines of the drive shaft. It is thus formed a system of the type screw-nut tapping and threading.
• the driver 22 is thus driven in a rotational and translational movement along a drive shaft when moved by the lower end of a control lever.
• the trainer is thus disengaged in translation and in rotation, with respect to the drive shaft when it moves on this shaft.
• Pinion 21 is attached to the front end of the piece
• the driving part 23 and the pinion 21 comprise a bore in which is inserted a section of the drive shaft and are guided axially on a smooth section of the drive shaft.
• needle bearings can be interposed between the smooth section and the pinion 21 and / or the drive part 23.
• the launcher 2 comprises a disk clutch 24 in the housing 23b, the disk clutch 24 comprises internal disks 24a and external 24b, in this case three external disks and two internal disks.
• the clutch 24 further comprises the front section 22a of the coach
• This section 22a is extended at its outer periphery by grooves
• the driver 22 further comprises a shoulder 22c extending outwardly with respect to the two front and rear sections, located between the front section 22a and the rear section 22b.
• This shoulder 22c comprises a front surface forming a pressure plate 245a of the clutch.
• the shoulder 22c is located in the housing 23b.
• the clutch further comprises a portion of the skirt 23a at the rear of the driving part 23.
• the housing 23b includes grooves
• the launcher 2 further comprises a plate 232, called a pusher plate, attached to the rear of the skirt 23a of the drive part 23.
• This pusher plate 232 closes the rear of the skirt 23a, closing the housing 23b.
• the skirt 23a comprises in the housing 23b, an inner radial surface and a reaction plate 245b in this case protruding from this radial surface.
• the plate 232 is fixed to the drive part 23 by means of a cover plate but could also be snapped or welded or by any other fastening means such as for example screws, on the part
• the pusher plate 232 comprises two faces 232a and 232b referenced in FIG. 2b representing an enlargement of a portion of the launcher 2.
• the face 232a is facing a face of
• the pusher plate is arranged so that the face 232b, called the pusher face 232b, is located vis-à-vis the lower end of the control lever, so that it cooperates with the pusher plate to push the entire launcher 2.
• the launcher 2 further comprises a shooter plate 234.
• This shooter plate 234 is mounted such that one of its faces 234a, called shooter face 234a is vis-à-vis the pusher face 232b.
• the pusher plate 232 is secured to the shooter plate 234.
• the two plates are secured by means of a sleeve and together form a ring.
• the ring in
• the occurrence is integral with the driving part 23.
• the launcher therefore comprises a set A or the distributed ones whose sum is equal to the height A, between the reaction plate 245b, the internal and external disks 24a and 24b, the shoulder 22c and the pusher plate 232.
• the trainer is in the unmated position.
• the launcher 2 further comprises biasing means 25 exerting a force away from the driver 22 of the driving part 23 towards the uncoupled position.
• the return means exerts two opposing forces, one on the driver 22 towards the rear and the other on the drive part 23 forwards.
• the return means 25 is mounted in compression against a radial inner face of the drive part 23 and the front face forming the stop 221a of the driver 22 to separate the driver 22 from the workpiece
• the driving part 23 comprises in this case a groove 233 circular about the axis X of axial depth, facing the radial surface forming a stop 221a of the front end of
• the groove 233 is axially open and closed
• the return means 25 comprises a portion located in the groove 233 of the driving part 23.
• the return means 25 is mounted in compression against the bottom 233c of the groove 233 of the driving piece 23 and the abutment 221a of the driver 22 to separate the driver 22 from the drive part 23.
• the return means 25 is in this case a helical spring.
• the return means could be a spring blade, or a spring washer.
• the return means may have one of its ends fixed to the launcher or to the driving part.
• This surface may advantageously be coated with a coating making it possible to reduce the wear of the return means 25.
• FIG. 3 represents a starter 1 comprising a launcher 2 as represented in FIG. 2a.
• the starter 1 comprises:
• a control lever 3 forming a moving assembly with the launcher 2 and configured to control the movement of the launcher 2 and the meshing thereof with a start ring gear C of the engine;
• an electric motor M housed in the casing January 1 and provided with a rotor shaft 5, a stator 6, a manifold 5 1;
• a reducing system 7 for example an epicyclic reduction gearbox connecting the drive shaft 15 to the rotor shaft 5.
• the housing 1 here is metallic, and is connected to the mass, it comprises a front bearing configured for rotational mounting of the front end of the drive shaft 15 and fixing the starter on a fixed part of the connected vehicle to the ground thereof, a rear bearing configured for rotatably mounting the rear end of the rotor shaft 5 and a cylindrical intermediate yoke sandwiched between the bearings.
• the front bearing of the starter 1 has an opening in its lower part for passage of the starter ring C to be rotated through the launcher 2 by the electric motor M when it is electrically powered.
• the upper part of the front bearing carries the body of the contactor 4 implanted here above the electric motor M.
• the collector here is of the axial orientation type and the brushes are oriented radially with respect to the X axis.
• the collector may be a frontal variant and the brushes are axially oriented relative to the axis X of the rotor shaft 5 as in GB 225 757.
• One of the brushes is connected to ground and the other to the positive terminal of the vehicle battery as described below.
• several pairs of brushes are provided.
• the cylinder head 1 1 internally carries the stator 5 1 comprising an inductor or alternatively permanent magnets for example of the type described in GB 225 757.
• the control lever 3 advantageously made of plastic material for reducing noise, is pivotally mounted at an intermediate point on a rigid plastic support relative to the cylinder head January 1.
• the control lever 3 advantageously made of plastic material for reducing noise, is pivotally mounted at an intermediate point on a rigid plastic support relative to the cylinder head January 1.
• the control lever comprises, at one of its ends, a lower end portion 3a, a portion of which is located between the pusher face 232b and the shooter face 234a. It further comprises on its other end, an upper end portion 3b, a connecting means with the operating means 4 and between the two ends, a portion for lever forming a pivot point 3c on a part integral with the housing 1 1.
• the operating means 4 comprise an electromagnetic contactor 4 provided with a body carried by the casing January 1 and provided with a movable control rod 42-movable contact 43, a lever rod 45 in connection with the upper end of the control lever 3 to rotate it to move its lower end towards the crown C. It further comprises a movable core 41 surrounding the lever rod 45.
• the contact 43 is a movable plate slidably mounted on the rod 42 between an advanced rest position and an active retracted position by means of springs.
• the lever 3 is hingedly mounted on the rod 45 and on the support integral with the yoke 1 1 in order to axially move the launcher 2 between a retracted rest position and an active forward position in which the pinion 21 is in abutment against a stop 25 mounted on the drive shaft 15 between the launcher 2 and the front bearing li a.
• This mobile core 41 is configured to act on the moving element and move it towards fixed electrical contact terminal heads 44a, 44b to supply the electric motor M via a cable 441b.
• the starter ring C may consist of an externally toothed ring gear (FIG. 3) and integral with a plate rigidly or resiliently connected to the crankshaft of the heat engine, as in the documents FR 2 63 1 094 and GB 225 757.
• the starting ring C may consist of a ring gear internally and secured to a pulley belonging to a belt movement transmission intervening between this pulley and a pulley secured to the crankshaft as described in the document FR 2 858 366.
• the rotor shaft 5 of the electric motor M may be confused with the drive shaft 15 of the starter 4 as described for example in the document GB 225 757, or be distinct from this shaft 15; at least one speed reducer 7 being interposed between the shafts 15, 5 as in FIG. 3 and as described in the documents FR 2 63 1 094 and FR 2 858 366.
• the speed reducers 7 make it possible to use a faster electric motor and to obtain a higher starting torque, while by reducing the size and weight of the starter for a given power.
• These reducers 7 are most often gear reducers, either planetary gears, in which case the shafts 15, 5 are coaxial (see FIG. 3), either with internal gearing as described in document FR 2 63 1 094, in which case the Shafts 15, 5 are radially offset with respect to one another.
• the speed reducer 7 may be of the type described in FIGS. 2 to 5 of document FR 2 787 833. This reducer may have another shape and in particular include a torque limiter as in document FR 2 63 1. 094.
• the movable core 41 is traversed by the lever rod 45 which rod 45 is configured to receive at its front end an upper hinge axis for pivotal mounting of the upper end of the lever 3 comprising here an intermediate axis of articulation.
• a spring 46 said spring teeth against tooth, here in this case helical, is mounted in the movable core 41 around the rod 45.
• This spring 46 is supported on the bottom of the core 41 and on the shoulder head of the rod 45.
• the contactor 4 further comprises a coil 47, which when electrically activated, for example, upon actuation of the ignition key, creates a magnetic field which controls the axial displacement of the movable core 41 towards a fixed core 48.
• the contactor 4 comprises a return spring 49, here helical, mounted around the front end of the movable core 41 and implanted between the front end of the breech of the contactor and a metal stop fixed on the front end of the movable core. 41 to recall the movable core 41 and thus the pivoting lever 3 to their retracted rest position ( Figure 3) when the coil 47 is not electrically powered.
• a return spring 49 here helical
• the displacement of the movable core 41 displaces the rod 45 and the movable contact (plate) 43 until it comes into contact with the heads of the terminals 44a, 44b in order to make an electrical contact and electrically power the electric motor M, which then drives into rotation of the drive shaft 15 via the rotor shaft 5 and the gearbox 7.
• the switch could operate differently and be structurally different, such as for example comprise two coils one for controlling the movement of the lever 3 and the other the displacement of the contact 43.
• the displacement of the movable core 41 causes, via the lever rod 45, also a displacement of the control lever 3 at its upper end and a pivoting thereof.
• the lower end of the lever 3 then axially moves the launcher 2 forward along the drive shaft 15 of the starter 1 towards the stop 25 secured to the front end of the drive shaft 15. rotatably mounted in the front bearing here via a plain bearing.
• the movement of the lower end of the lever 3 toward the crown C exerts a force, in the direction of the crown C, on the pusher plate 232.
• the lever 3 pushes on the pusher plate 232 and moves the driving piece 23 and the pinion 21, relative to the drive shaft 15.
• the shoulder 22c is in contact with the pusher plate 232, that is to say in the uncoupled position.
• the driver 22 is thus displaced with respect to the drive shaft 15 in the direction of the ring, through the pusher plate 232 and the lever 3.
• the contactor 4 thus has two functions namely the displacement of the movable contact 43 to control the supply of the electric motor M and the displacement of the control lever assembly 3-lever 2 in the opposite direction of the displacement of the movable contact 43.
• the drive shaft 15 When the electric motor M is energized, the drive shaft 15 is rotated. Rotation of the drive shaft 15 drives the driver 22 to the coupled position through the helical splines. In the coupled position, the clearance A is located between the shoulder 22c and the inner surface of the pusher plate 232. The driver 22 is positioned, such that the inner and outer disks 24a, 24b are compressed between the pusher plate 221c. and the reaction plate 245b. It follows that the driver 22 is coupled with the drive part and that the pinion 21 is coupled in rotation with the drive shaft 15.
• the return spring 49 also intervenes to return the movable core 41 and the lever 3 to their retreated position of visible rest. in Figure 3. It follows that the lever 3 moves the launcher 2 towards the rear, that is to say towards the electric motor M, by pushing on the shooter face 234a of the shooter plate 234. When the moving contact 43 is more in contact with the heads of the terminals 44a, 44b, the motor is no longer powered and the rotor shaft 5 stops rotating. It follows that the difference in rotational speed between the pinion assembly 21 and meshing part 23 with respect to the drive shaft 15 moves the driver 22 into the uncoupled position. The return means 25 assists the movement of the driver 22 towards the direction of the uncoupled position. This last return means 25 allows the trainer to move more quickly from the coupled position to the uncoupled position.
• the return means 25 makes it possible to immobilize the driver 22 with the drive part 23. This makes it possible to prevent the vibrations from causing premature wear of the parts.
• FIGS 4 and 5 show an axial sectional view of a launcher 20 according to another embodiment mounted on a drive shaft 15. It can be mounted in place of the launcher 2 previously described in the starter shown in FIG. figure 3.
• This launcher 20 comprises, as the launcher 2 of FIG. 2a, a pinion 21, a driver 22 and a friction clutch 24 intervening between the driver 22 and the pinion 21 identical to that of FIG. 2a.
• This friction clutch comprises, like the friction clutch of the embodiment described above, at least one internal and external friction disc 24a and 24b, a pressure plate 245a and a reaction plate 245b.
• the driver 22 of the launcher 20 is in the uncoupled position
• FIG. 5 the driver 22 of the launcher 20 is in the coupled position.
• the launcher 20 is mounted on the drive shaft 15.
• the pinion 21 is mounted on the drive shaft 15 by means of a sleeve 210.
• This sleeve makes it possible to guide the pinion 21 on the drive shaft 15 in translation and to reduce the friction due to the difference in rotation between the pinion 21 and the drive shaft 15.
• the launcher 20 is identical to the launcher 2 except for the elements described below.
• the return means 25 is a spring washer 250. It is mounted in the groove 233 of the drive part 23 and around a periphery forming the end of the driver 22. The return means is pressed against the firstly a radial face forming the bottom of the groove 233 and a radial face of the shoulder of the driver 22. This shoulder makes it possible to maintain the spring washer 250 radially.
• the spring washer 250 is replaced by a coil spring as in the embodiment shown in Figure 2a. In this example, the end of the coil spring would surround the periphery forming the end of the driver to hold it radially.
• the launcher 20 comprises two pusher plates, a pusher plate 235 integral with the drive part and another pusher plate 265 integral with the driver.
• the pusher plate 265 is part of a ring 26 mounted at least partially in translation with the driver 22. It is mounted in this case tight on the outer periphery of the driver 22 but could be mounted with the game on the coach for example, it can be held in translation by the shoulder 22c and a locking means in translation such as an external elastic ring.
• This ring 26 further comprises a shooter plate 264.
• the shooter plate 264 is integral at least in translation with the driver 22 and not with the driving part 23 as shown in FIG. the embodiment described above, shown in Figure 2a.
• the coach 22 could be in one piece with the ring 26.
• the two pusher plates make it possible to push the launcher 20 in two ways, a first way is that the control lever is arranged to directly push the driving part 23 and a second in which the lever pushes the lug. 22.
• the starter comprises control lever means for firstly pushing the driving part 23 by pushing the push plate 235 and in a second step pushing the driver 22 by 265 During the second stage, the pusher plate 265 partially enters the housing 23b of the skirt 23a of the drive part 24. This allows an axial space saving of the starter.
• the control lever means moves the driver only when the launcher has been moved at least to a predetermined position relative to the drive shaft between the engaged and rest position.
• the predetermined position preferably corresponds to a position in which the launcher 22 is sufficiently toward the bearing before l i a so that the pinion 21 is in position tooth against tooth with the crown C.
• the control lever means may be for example a control lever comprising a projection, such as a ramp and comprising a second portion located between the lower end of the lever 3 and the projection, positioned between the two plates of the ring. 26 integral in translation with the coach.
• This control lever is arranged to initially have the projection in contact with the pusher plate 235 to push the drive part 23 and in a second time because of the rotation of the lower part of the control lever 3, that the second part comes into contact with the pusher plate 265 to push the driver 22.
• the second part may be a ring pivotally connected to the lower part of the lever 3 situated between the two plates 265, 264 of the ring 26 integral with the coach.
• control lever may comprise on its lower part two bars on which is mounted in pivot connection a half-ring.
• the two bars and the upper part of the lever form a fork whose two bars surround a portion of the half-ring and the ring 26.
• the half-ring is mounted on the inside of the bars for allow to push the trainer through the pusher plate 265.
• the half-ring comprises a portion between the bars and the ring 26.
• the two bars further comprise a projection arranged to push the pusher plate 235 of the work piece 23.
• the projections are arranged to push the pusher plate 235 from the rest position (in which the switch 4 is not energized) to a position in which the lever is in a position corresponding to the pinion in position at least partly meshed with the crown.
• the half-ring is arranged to push the driver 22 through the pusher plate 265 of the ring 26 when the lever is in a position corresponding to a pinion position having at least one part meshing with the ring.
• the half-ring is a ring around the ring 26.
• control lever means may comprise two levers in which a first lever arranged in its lower part to push on the pusher plate 235 to advance the drive part to the front bearing and in which the second The lever is arranged to move the driver relative to the drive to mate with the drive.
• the second lever can be controlled by a second control rod connected to the movable core or directly on the movable core or by another contactor.
• the second lever In the case where the second lever is connected to the movable core, the second lever intervenes when the spring tooth against tooth 46 is compressed, that is to say when the movable core continues to advance while the pinion is locked in translation .
• the set A upstream of the description describing the first mode is located between the pressure plate 245a and the reaction plate 245b.
• FIG. 5 shows the launcher 20 having its driver 22 in this position.
• the control lever means acts in two stages on the launcher. Initially, the control lever means pushes the drive member 23 along the X axis through the pusher plate 235 to a predetermined position of the drive member relative to the drive shaft. drive, which can correspond to a position of tooth against tooth. The coach 22 is thus not yet in the coupled position.
• control lever means urges the pusher plate 265 until the coupling system is in an engaged position.
• a launcher 200 according to a third embodiment shown in FIG. 6 will now be described.
• the launcher 200 is different from the launcher 20 for the elements described below. Identical elements have the same reference number.
• Figure 6 shows the launcher 200 in axial section.
• the launcher 200 comprises a drive member 230 having an axis X, adapted to be mounted on a not shown drive shaft, free in rotation relative thereto.
• the launcher 200 further comprises a pinion 210. Unlike the last embodiment, the pinion 210 is movably mounted on the drive part 230.
• the pinion 210 is integral in rotation relative to the drive part 230 and is movable in translation along the axis X with respect to the drive part 230.
• the drive part 230 comprises a skirt 230a identical to that of the embodiment of FIG. 4.
• the pinion 210 comprises a bore having three inner peripheral surfaces of different diameter, a first inner periphery located in front of the pinion surrounding a first portion 21 1 of the bore, a second central inner periphery located between the two other inner peripheries surrounding a second portion 212 of the bore, having a smaller diameter than the other two inner peripheries and a third inner periphery located at the rear surrounding a third rear portion 213 of the bore.
• the central periphery has a greater diameter than the outer diameter of a portion 230b of the front portion of the drive part 230 so that the pinion 210 can slide on a portion of the drive part 230.
• the pinion 210 and the drive part 230 respectively comprise on the central inner periphery and the outer periphery of the front portion 230b at least one non-concordant corrugation. shown for coupling the pinion 210 and the drive part 230 in rotation and allowing a translation along the X axis of the pinion 210 with respect to the drive part 230.
• the grooves may, for example be two grooves and a key mounted in the two grooves or for example a lug on the inner periphery of the pinion s' inserting in a groove housing the X axis on the outer periphery of the drive part 230 .
• the drive part 230 further comprises a stop 23 1 on its front end adapted to abut against the pinion 210. This stop 23 1 makes it possible to stop the translation towards the front of the pinion 210 with respect to the workpiece. 230.
• the launcher 200 shown here comprises a stop 23 1 having an outer diameter smaller than the diameter of the first inner periphery to allow entry into the first portion 21 1 of the pinion bore 210.
• the outer diameter the abutment 23 1 is larger than the inner central periphery of the pinion 210 so as to abut against an inner shoulder located between these two peripheries.
• the stop 23 1 makes it possible to stop the translation of the pinion 210 towards the front.
• This first inner periphery thus makes it possible to have a launcher system 200 which is more compact axially.
• the launcher 200 includes a tooth-to-tooth spring 270 mounted around the drive member 230 between the pinion 210 and the skirt 230a.
• the spring 270 allows in case of tooth to tooth position to allow the drive part 230 to continue to advance.
• the launcher 200 shown comprises in this case a tooth against tooth spring 270 mounted in part in the third rear portion 213 delimited by the third inner periphery of the bore of the pinion 210.
• the spring tooth against tooth 270 is in support of a part against an internal shoulder of the pinion 210, located between the central periphery and the third periphery and secondly against a radial surface of a shoulder of the skirt 230a located between the pinion 210 and the driver 220.
• the tooth against tooth spring 270 thus comprises a portion surrounded by the third inner periphery. This reduces the axial size of the machine.
• the launcher 200 further comprises a clutch system 24 identical to that of the launcher 2 shown in Figure 2a and the launcher 20 shown in Figures 4 and 5.
• the pinion 210, the drive part 230, the tooth against tooth spring 270, the clutch system 24 are shown cut along the X axis.
• the third embodiment further comprises a driver 220 identical to the driver 22 except that it does not include a shoulder at its front end.
• the trainer 220 is replaced by the coach 22 of the second embodiment.
• the clutch system 24 operates differently from the clutch system 24 of the other embodiments, in that the clutch system 24 couples the drive part 230 with the driver 220 when the The drive member 230 is locked in translation with respect to the drive shaft 15 by means of an abutment mounted on the drive shaft.
• the launcher 200 comprises a return means identical to that of the second embodiment, that is to say a spring washer 250.
• the spring washer 250 is inserted into a hollow portion of the drive part 230 in which a part before the trainer 220 comes in when it moves from the uncoupled position to the coupled position.
• the launcher 200 has its clutch system 24 in the disengaged position.
• the launcher 200 comprises a pusher plate 235 and a ring 26 comprising a shooter plate 264 and a pusher plate 265, as in the second embodiment.
• the ring 26 is also mounted at least partially in translation with the driver 220.
• the pusher plate 265 of the ring 26 has an outer diameter smaller than the smallest inner diameter of the pusher plate 235. integral at least in translation of the drive part 230 so that a portion of the ring can be inserted into the casing of the skirt 230a.
• the smallest internal diameter of the pusher plate 235 integral at least in translation with the drive part 230 is greater than the largest diameter of the shoulder 220c, this allows the pusher plate to push the trainer 220 when it is pushed by the control lever means.
• the control lever means is not shown.
• the lever means may be identical to that described above for pushing firstly the pusher plate 235 and secondly the pusher plate 265.
• the lever means mounts instead of that of Figure 3 so the end or the upper ends of the lever (not shown) can be moved by the electromagnetic contactor 4 of FIG. 3.
• control lever means 30 pushes the drive member 230 along the X axis through the pusher plate 235 to a predetermined position of the drive member relative to the shaft.
• drive which can correspond to a position of tooth against tooth.
• the trainer 220 is thus not yet in the coupled position.
• control lever means urges the pusher plate 265 until the coupling system is in an engaged position.
• the spring against tooth 270 has a stiffness greater than that of the return spring 250. This allows when the pinion is tooth against tooth, that the lever means can advance the driver relative to the drive part before the spring tooth against tooth 270 compresses.
• the coach is rotated which rotates the pinion that the coupling system is active.
• the pinion 210 rotating meshes with the teeth of the crown C.
• the spring 270 then allows to push the pinion to the geared position.
• the biasing means is located between the pusher plate 235 secured to the drive part and the shoulder 22C of the trainer.
• the biasing means pulls the driver and the driving part towards the uncoupled position.
• the biasing means comprises a first and a second part integral in translation respectively of the driver and the drive part for pulling towards each other in order to move the driver in the uncoupled position.
• the return means must be disengaged in rotation with the trainer and / or the driving part, to allow them can rotate relative to each other. For example, one end may be inserted into a groove of the trainer or workpiece.
• the pusher plate 265 of the ring 26 is different in that the outer diameter of the pusher plate 265 of the ring is greater than the outside diameter of the pusher plate 235.
• the distance along the X axis between the pusher plate 235 and the pusher plate 265 when the shoulder 22c touches the pusher plate 265 must be greater than the clearance A.
• the launcher is not disc but frustoconical conne.
• a launcher is described in patent application WO2006 / 100353 or the launcher shown in FIG. 8 of document FR1056174.
• the drive comprises a skirt having a concave cone - shaped inner periphery cut perpendicular to the axis of revolution, at its apex, forming a cylindrical surface, and that the driver comprises a shoulder having a shaped surface.
• These convex and concave cone-shaped surfaces respectively form the pressure and reaction plates each comprise friction liners.
• the biasing means may be located in compression between the driver and the drive between the cylindrical surface and the second cylindrical surface to urge the driver toward the decoupled position.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-07-26 FR FR1156807A patent/FR2978501B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2012
  • 2012-07-24 US US14/235,396 patent/US20140299437A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-07-24 CN CN201280037182.9A patent/CN103717880A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-07-24 WO PCT/FR2012/051754 patent/WO2013014388A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2012-07-24 EP EP12744099.8A patent/EP2737200A2/de not_active Withdrawn

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