Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
  • F02N15/025—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the friction type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N15/062—Starter drives
  • F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/08—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing being of friction type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N2015/061—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement said axial displacement being limited, e.g. by using a stopper

Definitions

• the invention relates to a starter with a disc coupling system provided with a stop facilitating the activation of the coupling system.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous application for vehicles equipped with the function of stopping and starting the engine (function called "stop and start” in English) according to which the engine of the vehicle is stopped because of the traffic conditions (especially during a stop at the red light) and then restarted.
• the starter capable of transmitting mechanical energy to turn a crankshaft of the engine via gear wheels.
• the starter comprises a pinion installed on a drive shaft driven in rotation by a rotor of an electric motor.
• This pinion is provided with teeth capable of meshing with the teeth of a toothed wheel coupled to the crankshaft of the engine.
• Launcher starters are known in which the pinion which is movable in translation and capable of passing from a rest position, in which the pinion is disengaged from the toothed wheel coupled to the heat engine, to an active position in which the pinion is meshed with the gear wheel and vice versa.
• the starter is provided with a launcher assembly connected to a movable contactor via a fork-shaped control lever installed between a pusher and a shooter of the launcher assembly.
• the control lever is capable of moving the pinion from the home position to the active position.
• the contactor comprises a movable core, a fixed core, a fixed coil, a movable control rod and a movable rod.
• the contactor includes a movable contact plate for electrically connecting terminals to power the electric motor. When the coil is energized, the movable core is attracted to the fixed core until it is magnetized.
• the contactor comprises at least one coil for generating the displacement force of the movable core from the rest position to the magnetized position, and the holding force of the movable core in the magnetized position.
• Moving the movable core simultaneously drives the movable rod, the contact plate, and the control rod to the terminals.
• the movable rod is subjected to a tooth against tooth spring that compresses when the contact plate moves towards the terminals and when the fork can not advance the pinion.
• the fork can not advance when the pinion is locked in translation in the direction of the toothed wheel by one or teeth of the toothed wheel. This blocked state is called the "tooth to tooth position".
• the compression of the tooth against tooth spring absorbs shocks while applying a force on the fork transmitted to the pinion in the direction of the active position.
• the SIG / SID (Stop In Gear / Stop In Drive) type starters also comprise a coupling system comprising a stack of disks interposed between a drive flange bound integrally with the drive pinion and a shaft mounted driver. drive via a helical link.
• the friction discs are alternately rotatably connected to the flange and the driver while being movable in translation. When the driver moves in translation relative to the drive shaft to the pinion when starting the electric motor, it creates a resistant torque at the link between the driver and the drive shaft which has the effect of compressing the friction discs between them and thus activate the coupling device.
• the invention aims to improve the performance of the coupling device during the clutch of the latter.
• zero-clearance operation the control fork is located between the pusher and the shooter of the launcher assembly, the movable core being in abutment against the fixed core while the spring tooth against tooth is not compressed.
• negative clearance operation the control fork is in abutment against the launcher pusher while the spring tooth against tooth is compressed.
• positive play operation the control fork is resting on the thrower of the launcher while the spring tooth against tooth is not compressed.
• the invention proposes for this purpose to introduce a stop against which bears the drive pinion, when said drive pinion moves from the rest position to the active position.
• This stop is positioned so that the starter has a negative play operation when the pinion comes into contact with the stop.
• a spring compresses then exerting a force towards the drive member; while a counter-force is applied by the stop on the drive member, which facilitates the activation of the clutch system.
• the invention therefore relates to a starter for a motor vehicle engine comprising:
• a drive member movable at least in translation relative to the drive shaft.
• the drive member is adapted to move from an active position in which the drive member drives a moving element of the engine to a rest position in which the drive member is disengaged. of the moving element of the heat engine, - a control lever,
• an actuator controlling, by passing from a deactivated state to an active state, the displacement of the driving member of the positon resting at the active position, via the control lever,
• a spring arranged to compress between an initial compression state when the drive gear is in the rest position and a final compression state when the drive member is in the tooth against tooth position and the actuator is in the active state
• the spring allows both the actuator to go to its active position while applying a force on directly or indirectly the coupling system to pass or help move from a uncoupled state to the state coupled.
• the drive member is a pinion or a crown or may comprise a pinion and a pinion body on which is mounted the pinion connecting in rotation the latter to the coupling system.
• the spring is preferably a spring said tooth tooth or tooth against tooth.
• the drive member comprises a pinion and a pinion body and that the spring is mounted on the pinion body, in that it is mounted in compression between the pinion and a part of the body. pinion and that the stop is arranged to be in contact with the pinion body.
• the driving member comprises a pinion and a pinion body and that a tilting spring is mounted on the pinion body, in that it is mounted in compression between the pinion and a pinion. part of the pinion body and that the stop is arranged to be in contact with the pinion body.
• the spring is a tooth tooth spring.
• the tilting spring has a lower stiffness than the tooth tooth spring.
• the coupling system is a disk coupling system.
• the coupling system comprises:
• friction discs alternately rotatably connected to the drive flange and to the driver.
• the stop has a greater rigidity than the spring tooth against tooth or the tilting spring.
• a type of spring allows to be simple is to use the negative game in active position.
• the stop is an elastic stop allowing the spring to relax so as to limit a holding force generated by a fixed coil of the contactor.
• the starter comprises a stop which acts on the drive member even though the actuator is not yet in the active position.
• the starter comprises an end stop of the drive member, the elastic stop being positioned between the end stop and the drive member.
• the elastic stop has a stiffness
• the elastic stop limits this overconsumption current.
• the elastic stop will allow the spring to relax so as to limit the holding force generated by the coil (and therefore the current consumed).
• the elastic stop is a Belleville washer.
• the elastic stop comprises a washer and a spring. According to one embodiment, the stop is deformed only after the force required to allow activation of the coupling system to allow to advance the drive member and decompress the spring.
• Figures 1 and 2 show a longitudinal sectional view of a starter according to the invention respectively in the rest position and in the active position;
• Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the coupling system of the starter according to the invention
• Figure 4a and 4b shows a sectional view of another embodiment of the front portion of the starter.
• Figure 4c shows a section of the drive unit assembly, coupling system and launcher.
• FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of a starter according to the invention.
• FIGS 1 and 2 show an example of a starter 1 according to the invention respectively in a rest position and an active position.
• the starter 1 is of the "launcher" type.
• the starter 1 comprises an electric motor comprising firstly a rotor 3, also called armature, mounted on a rotor shaft 5 rotatable about its longitudinal axis X and secondly a stator 7, also called inductor around the rotor 3.
• the rotor shaft 5 has its rear end mounted in a bearing 5a of a bearing 1 1b at the rear of starter 1 (called rear bearing).
• the terms back and front are defined in the following description.
• the stator 7 is carried by a carcass January 1.
• the stator 7 may comprise a plurality of permanent magnets. Alternatively, these magnets are replaced by electromagnets in this case, a winding.
• the starter 1 further comprises a drive member that is movable at least in translation relative to the drive shaft 15, this drive member being able to pass from an active position in which the drive member assures driving a movable member 100 of the engine to a rest position in which the drive member is disengaged from the movable member 100 of the engine.
• the drive member is a pinion 13 mounted idly on a drive shaft 15.
• the drive shaft 15 has one of its ends mounted on a bearing 1 1 a (called front bearing) comprising one or more needle bearings 15a on the front portion of the starter 1.
• the pinion 13 is mounted on the drive shaft 15 via one or more bearings, in this case two needle bearings 151.
• the pinion 13 is mounted to translate along the X axis relative to the drive shaft 15 from a rest position (see Figure 1) to an active position (see Figure 2). In the active position, the pinion 13 is intended to drive in rotation a toothed wheel 100 driving in rotation a crankshaft of a heat engine (not shown).
• the X axis of the drive shaft 15 is substantially the same as the X axis of the rotor shaft 5 but could be different as in the examples described below.
• the starter 1 further comprises a pinion displacement system 13 from its rest position to its active position and vice versa.
• the displacement system comprises a fork-shaped control lever 27 described hereinafter.
• This displacement system further comprises an actuator for moving the drive member via the fork. .
• the actuator is in this case a contactor having in addition to the function of displacement of the drive member to close an electrical contact controlling the power of the electric motor of the starter. In the following description the actuator will be called contactor but could be only an actuator.
• the starter 1 further comprises a reduction system 17 mounted between the rotor shaft 5 and the drive shaft 15, one end of which is connected to the rotor shaft 5 and the other end is connected to the shaft 15.
• the reduction system 17 is in this case an epicyclic gear train but can be any other reducing type.
• the reduction system 17 could comprise two gears, one of which is secured to the shaft of the rotor 5 and the other of the drive shaft 15.
• the two axes of the rotor shaft 5 and the drive shaft 15 are offset in parallel.
• the reduction system 17 may be geared left or gear concurrent. In these two types of reduction system 17, the axis of the drive shaft 15 and the axis of the rotor shaft 5 are respectively concurrent or neither parallel nor concurrent.
• a group of brushes 19a and 19b is provided for the power supply of the rotor winding 3. At least one of the brushes 19b is electrically connected to the ground of the starter 1, for example the carcass January 1, and at least one other brushes 19a is electrically connected to an electrical terminal 21a of the contactor 23, for example via a wire. The brushes 19a and 19b rub on the collector 9 when the rotor 3 is rotating.
• the starter 1 may comprise a plurality of brushes.
• the switch 23 comprises, in addition to the terminal 21a connected to the brush 19a, a terminal 21b intended to be connected via an electrical connection element to a positive power supply V + of the vehicle, in particular a battery, not shown.
• a normally open contact (not shown), located between a terminal V + of the power supply and the terminal 21b, controls the power supply of the contactor 23 to start the electric motor.
• the contactor 23 comprises a movable contact plate 25 for electrically connecting the terminals 21b and 21a to supply the electric motor.
• the contactor 23 is also able to actuate the fork 27 to move the pinion 13 along the X axis of the drive shaft 15 with respect to the drive shaft 15 from the rest position to the active position and vice versa .
• the contactor 23 also comprises a movable core 29, a fixed core 28, a fixed coil 26, a movable control rod 24 and a movable rod 241.
• the control rod 24 passes through the fixed core 28 which serves as a guide.
• This control rod 24 has its front end bearing on the movable core 29 and the contact plate 25 is mounted on its rear end.
• the control rod 24 is subjected to the action of a compressed contact spring (not referenced) between a shoulder of the control rod 24 and the contact plate 25 to ensure the electrical contact of the contact plate with terminals 21a and 21b when the movable core 29 is in a so-called magnetized position.
• a compressed contact spring (not referenced) between a shoulder of the control rod 24 and the contact plate 25 to ensure the electrical contact of the contact plate with terminals 21a and 21b when the movable core 29 is in a so-called magnetized position.
• the movable rod 241 is fixed at its front end to the fork 27.
• the coil 26 When the coil 26 is energized, the movable core 29 is attracted to the fixed core 28 until it is in a magnetized position. Its displacement simultaneously drives the movable rod 241, the contact plate 25 and the control rod 24 towards the rear.
• the movable rod 241 is further subjected to a tooth against tooth spring 291 housed inside the movable core 29 and surrounding the movable rod 241. This tooth against tooth spring 291 bears on a front shoulder of the movable rod 241 and a rear shoulder of the movable core 29. At rest, the tooth against tooth spring 291 has an initial state of compression in which the spring 291 is very little or not compressed.
• This spring 291 compresses with respect to its initial state of compression when the contact plate 25 moves towards the terminals 21b, 21a and when the fork 27 can not advance the pinion 13.
• the fork 27 can no longer advance when the pinion 13 is blocked in translation along the axis X in the direction of the toothed wheel 100 by one or more teeth of the toothed wheel 100.
• the compression of the spring tooth against tooth 291 makes it possible to absorb the shocks while applying a force on the fork 27 transmitted to the pinion 13 to the active position.
• the contactor 23 further comprises a return spring 290, bearing on the fixed coil 26 and the movable core 29 to urge it forward to its rest position and simultaneously move the fork 27 until the pinion 13 is in the rest position.
• the starter 1 further comprises a friction coupling system 30 disposed between the pinion 13 and the reduction system 17.
• This coupling system 30 can move from a uncoupled state to a coupled state and vice versa.
• the rotor shaft 5 In the coupled state, the rotor shaft 5 is secured at least in the direction of starting rotation to the pinion 13.
• the pinion 13 In the uncoupled state, the pinion 13 is disengaged in both directions of rotation of the rotor shaft 5.
• this coupling system makes it possible to couple the pinion 13 to the drive shaft 15.
• FIG. 3 represents a section of this coupling system 30 and the pinion 13 without the drive shaft 15.
• the coupling system 30 comprises a driver 32 and a drive flange 38.
• the drive flange 38 is at least rotationally fixed in the direction of rotation of the start with the pinion 13.
• the flange of drive 38 is integral with the pinion 13 and is thus integral in rotation and in translation.
• solidarity in translation is meant two integral members such that if one is made to translate (respectively rotate) between two positions, the second member moves simultaneously in translation (respectively in rotation) with the first .
• the drive flange 38 forms a shoulder relative to the pinion 13. This flange 38 axially surrounds a portion of the driver 32.
• Surrounding means that the driver 32 is partly inserted in a hollow of the drive flange 38 delimited by an axial portion of said flange 38.
• the driver 32 has a through opening from a front face to a rear face, through which the drive shaft 15 is inserted.
• the opening is cylindrical except on a part where the driver 32 comprises on its inner periphery splines forming a helical thread 320.
• This tapping 320 is complementary with a helical thread 34 formed by splines located on a portion of the drive shaft 15.
• the tapping and threading are part of the coupling system 30.
• This tapping 320 and thread 34 allow the driver 32 to be driven in translation and in rotation along the axis X relative to the drive shaft 15.
• the driver 32 is movable from a so-called initial position to a position called final relative to the drive shaft 15.
• the thread 34 and the tapping 320 are adapted to move the driver 32 towards the pinion 13 of a disengaged position (see Figure 1) to a coupled position (see Figure 2) relative to the pinion 13.
• the driver 32 can move along the axis X with respect to the pinion 13 towards it, when the latter is in the uncoupled position, the motor drives the rotor 3 in rotation and the pinion 13 is immobile in translation relative to the drive shaft. Its movement towards the pinion 13 makes it possible to activate a clutch device 36 to couple in rotation the drive shaft 15 to the pinion 13.
• the driver 32 further comprises a shoulder 322 on its outer periphery.
• the X axis of the driver 32 is coincident with the axis of the drive shaft 15 when they are assembled with each other.
• This shoulder 322 comprises at least two radial faces, a bearing face 323 for translating the driver 32 forward along the X axis when the fork 27 moves from the deactivated position to the activated position relative to the carcass 1 1 and a pressure face 324 forming part of the clutch device 36.
• the coupling system 30 comprises the clutch device 36 enabling the driving flange 38 and the driver 32 to be secured in rotation so as to make the suspension integral.
• the clutch device 36 is formed by a stack of friction disks 361, 382 alternately rotatably connected to the drive plate 38 and to the driver 32.
• the clutch device 36 comprises on the one hand internal disks 361 and on the other hand external disks 382 mounted respectively on the outer periphery of the driver 32 and in the hollow of the drive flange 38.
• the friction surfaces in contact with the inner disks 361 and outer disks 382 include features such as to transfer a predetermined torque for predetermined axial compression.
• the predetermined torque is such that the starter 1 can start the engine and the predetermined compression corresponds to the pressure of the driver 32 on the pinion 13 when the driver 32 is in the coupled position.
• the disks 361, 382 are made of a friction material, such as bronze and steel, for transmitting a frictional torque (the predetermined torque) between the drive plate 38 and the driver 32, when the latter is moving forward. in the coupled position (predetermined compression), sufficient to start the engine when they cooperate together.
• the internal disks 361 each comprise a through opening between their two largest faces whose inner periphery substantially corresponds to the outer periphery of the driver 32 surrounded by the drive flange 38.
• the internal disks 361 are arranged to be secured in rotation with the driver 32 and to translate on the surface or surfaces forming the outer periphery of the driver 32 surrounded by the drive flange 38.
• the outer disks 382 each comprise an outer periphery substantially corresponding to the inner periphery of the hollow of the drive flange 38.
• the outer disks 382 are arranged to be integral in rotation with the drive flange 38 and to translate on the surface or surfaces internal peripherals of the driving flange 38 surrounding a portion of the coach 32.
• the clutch device 36 comprises at least one notch 321 located in the outer periphery of the driver 32 surrounded by the drive flange 38.
• the notch 321 extends along the axis X of the 32.
• This notch 321 has a depth that extends radially in the driver 32.
• This notch 321 opens on a front face of the driver 32 to insert tabs 361 has internal disks 361.
• the length along the X axis of the notch 321 is such that the shoulder 322 is located at the longitudinal end of the notch 321 opposite the end of the notch 321 opening on the front face.
• the driver 32 has several notches 321 preferably evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the driver 32 to distribute mechanical stresses on the driver 32.
• Each inner disk 361 includes as many tongues 361 has internal than notches 321. These tongues 361a are complementary to the notches 321 of the driver 32. The tongues 361a and the notches 321 allow the internal disks 361 to translate along the X axis of the driver 32 and to be integral in rotation with it. latest.
• the tabs 361a of an inner disk 361 are located on the inner periphery of the opening of the inner disk 361 so as to cooperate with the notches 321 of the driver 32. These internal disks 361 cooperate with the external disks 382 mounted in the inner periphery of the drive flange 38.
• the outer disks 382 are mounted in the drive flange 38 through at least one tab 382a and at least one corresponding notch 381.
• the clutch device 36 comprises at least one notch 381 located in the inner periphery of the drive flange 38. This notch 381 is for example a groove, whose depth extends radially in the flange. drive 38 and whose length extends along the axis X.
• the notch 381 opens on a rear face of the drive flange 38 to allow to insert a tongue 382a of each outer disk 382 in the notch 381.
• the length of the notch 381 along the X axis of the drive flange 38 is at least equal to the length along the X axis between a disk stop 383 and the rear face of the drive flange 38.
• This stop of disk 383 is located in the hollow of the drive flange 38. In this case, the disk stop 383 is located on one side in the hollow of the drive flange 38 perpendicular to the axis X of the drive flange 38 .
• Each outer disk 382 therefore comprises at least one tongue 382a corresponding to the notch 381.
• This tongue 382a is on the periphery of the outer disk 382 and extends radially with respect to the axis X.
• tabs 382a on an outer disk 382 that notches 381 on the drive flange 38. In this case, there are six notches 381 and six tabs 382a per outer disk 382.
• Each outer disk 382 is mounted in the drive plate 38 having its tabs 382a inserted in the notches 381 of the drive plate 38.
• the internal disks 361 are thus integral in rotation with the driver 32 and the external disks 382 are integral with the drive flange 38.
• the disks 361 and 382 can slide along the X axis through the notches 321, 381 and their corresponding tabs 361a, 382a.
• the coupling system 30 further comprises a ring 39 closing the rear of the drive flange 38.
• the ring 39 comprises two plates 391, 392 surrounding the driver 32.
• the plates are disk-shaped.
• the plates 391, 392 form between them an external radial groove.
• the first plate 391 closes the rear of the drive flange 38 and the second 392 is parallel to the first.
• the first plate 391 is called pusher 391 and the second plate 392 is called gunner 392.
• the groove is intended to receive two ends of the fork 27.
• the rear portion of the driver 32 is inserted into the ring 39.
• the coach 32 and the ring 39 are mounted with clearance.
• the ring 39 is moreover fixed on the rear part of the drive flange
• the ring 39 is pressed against the rear face of the drive flange 38. More specifically, one end of the first ring 39 is compressed between the rear face of the drive flange 38 and a plate elastically deformed a holding member 41 which matches the shape of the outer periphery of the drive flange 38.
• Other means can be used to secure the ring
• the pusher 391 is thus integral at least in translation with the pinion 13, in this case they are also integral in rotation.
• the pusher 391 is adapted to prevent the fork 27 from being in direct contact with the driver 32 when the latter is activated. Thus, the fork 27 does not push directly the coach 32.
• the pusher 391 is adapted to allow the fork 27 to translate the pinion 13 from the rest position to the active position.
• the arrangement of the pinion 13, the pusher 391, the driver 32 and the displacement system are arranged so that the movement system of the pinion 13 does not activate the clutch device 36 when the displacement system. moves the pinion 13 from the rest position to the active position.
• the pusher 391 is intended to push the pinion 13 forward in translation along the X axis when the fork 27 passes from the deactivated position to the activated position.
• the pusher 391 is also intended to push the driver 32 forward by pushing the shoulder 322 without engaging the clutch device 36.
• the shooter 392 is intended to pull the pinion 13 rearward as the fork 27 moves from the activated position to the deactivated position.
• This ring 39 has the advantage of having a groove of constant length for the fork 27 between the pusher and the shooter 392 even if the disks 361, 382 are worn. This constant game makes it possible to ensure that the fork 27 does not prevent the coach 32 from advancing with respect to the pinion 13 and thus to mate with the latter.
• the axial distance between the disc stop 383 and the front face of the pusher 391 is greater than the thickness of the set of discs 361, 382 and the shoulder 322. This difference corresponds to a set A shown in FIGS. and 2 representing the stroke between the driver 32 relative to the drive flange 38 between its two positions.
• the outer disks 382 and inner disks 361 are contiguous and sandwiched (wedged on both sides) by the disk stop 383 and the shoulder 322.
• the clearance A is therefore located between the pusher 391 and the shoulder 322.
• the discs 361, 382 are compressed with each other between the disc stop 383 and the shoulder 322.
• This compression couples the pinion 13 to the drive shaft 15.
• the compression discs 361, 382 increases the coefficient of adhesion between these discs 361, 382 to rotate the driver 32 to the drive flange 38 to a predetermined torque. Beyond this torque, the disks 361, 382 slide.
• This predetermined torque corresponds at least to the torque necessary to start the engine from the electric motor of the starter 1.
• the external disks 382 and internal disks 361 are contiguous without being compressed and the clearance A is located between the disk stop 383 and the shoulder 322.
• the shoulder 322 can be attached to the pusher 391.
• the clearance A can be located between the last disk 382 and the shoulder 322 but can also be divided into several games reflected between the disk stop 383, the disks 361, 382 and the pressure face 324.
• the adjustment of the clearance A can be done, in particular to enlarge it, by machining the disk stop 383 of the drive plate 38 and / or the shoulder 322 of the driver 32 or by moving back the pusher 391 and for reduce the clearance by adding a washer or other piece between the shoulder 322 and the pusher 391.
• the starter 1 comprises an abutment 51 against which the drive member bears, in this case the 13, when the pinion moves from the rest position to the active position. .
• This stop is positioned so that, when the drive member moves to the active position, the drive member bears on the stop 51, the tooth against tooth spring 291 acts systematically on the coupling system to cause the coupling system to move from the uncoupled state to the coupled state.
• This abutment 51 is positioned in this case so that, when the pinion 13 comes into contact with the stop 51, the tooth against tooth spring 291 compresses with respect to its initial compression state so as to exert a force in the direction of pinion 13.
• the abutment 51 is an elastic abutment allowing the spring tooth against tooth 291 to relax beyond a certain force so as to limit a holding force generated by the coil 26.
• the abutment elastic 51 has a stiffness lower than that of the spring 291 but greater than that corresponding to the force required to enable the activation of the clutch device 36.
• the starter 1 also comprises a limit stop 52 of the pinion 12, the elastic stop 51 being positioned between the limit stop 52 and the drive gear 13. This end stop 52 allows to retain and secure the elastic stop 51.
• the stop has elastic properties such that the stop is deformed when the predetermined force is reached to allow the spring tooth against tooth to decompress.
• the elastic stop 51 is a Belleville washer.
• This washer 51 of frustoconical shape has its small diameter side bearing against the stop 52 and its large diameter side turned towards the pinion 13.
• the Belleville washer is replaced by any other washer having a stiffness adapted to the desired deformation.
• this starter 1 arranged to start a thermal engine of a vehicle is described below. Only a portion of a gearwheel 100 mechanically connected to the crankshaft of the engine is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the starter 1 is in the idle state, ie the contactor 23 is not activated. (electrically powered).
• the end of the fork 27 connected to the movable rod 241 is forced forward by the return spring 290.
• the fork 27 is said in the deactivated position. In this position the fork 27 forces the pinion 13 to be in the rest position by blocking it through the shooter 392.
• the outer disks 382 slide in the notches 381 of the drive plate 38 until the driver 32 is in abutment with the pusher 39.
• the game A is reflected between the front disc 382 (also called the first disc) and the stop 393.
• the discs 361, 382 are not compressed enough against each other to transmit a torque but are only in contact to slide between them in case of rotation of the drive plate 38 relative to the driver 32.
• the pinion 13 is uncoupled in rotation from the driver 32, in other words free to rotate in both directions relative to the latter.
• the pinion 13 and the outer disks 382 translate forwardly with respect to the drive shaft 15.
• the internal disks 361 and the driver 32 are pushed forward by the pusher 391 by moving in a helical motion on the drive shaft 15.
• the movable core 29 and the control rod 24 move until the contact plate 25 is in contact with the two terminals 21b and 21a.
• This bringing into contact causes the starter motor 1 to be powered, ie the rotor 3, the rotor shaft 5, the reduction system 17, the drive shaft 15 and the driver to be rotated simultaneously.
• Due to the inertia of the driver 32 a resistant torque is created between the thread 34 and the thread 320. This resisting torque causes the advancement of the driver 32 relative to the drive shaft 15.
• the driver 32 advances relative to the pinion 13.
• the driver 32 pushes the discs 361, 382 forward relative to the pinion 13.
• the tooth against tooth spring 291 compresses with respect to its initial compression state, this generates a sufficient compressive force on the friction coupling system, in this case on the disks 361, 382, preventing a sliding between said disks 361, 382.
• This compression results from the force exerted by the spring 291 in the direction of the pinion 13 combined with the counter-force force exerted by the washer 51 towards the pinion 13.
• the energy The mechanical motor of the electric motor is then transmitted to the pinion 13.
• the clearance A is echoed between the pusher 391 and the shoulder 322 of the driver 32.
• the washer 51 having a stiffness lower than that of the spring 291 when it is compressed between the initial compression state and its final compression state in order to limit the current consumed by the fixed coil 26, the washer 51 deforms under the thrust pinion 13 so that the spring 291 decompresses. The pinion 13 then comes into abutment with the limit stop 52.
• the pinion 13 connected in rotation to the crankshaft, rotates faster than the drive shaft 15 in rotation by the rotor 3.
• the speed of rotation of the pinion 13 greater than the speed of the shaft 15 causes the clutch device 36 to disengage by driving back the driver 32.
• the driver 32 moves backwards until its speed of rotation is equivalent to that of the drive shaft 15. speed is notably due to the angle of the grooves of the tapping 320 and thread 34.
• the recoil phase of the pinion 13, that is to say the phase of movement of the pinion 13 from the active position to the idle position, is described below.
• the coil 26 of the contactor 23 is no longer energized and the rotor 3 is no longer rotated.
• the movable core 29 is then no longer attracted to the fixed core 28, the return spring 290 then pushes the movable core 29 towards the front of the starter 1 which simultaneously moves the fork 27 from its activated position to its deactivated position by pulling simultaneously the control rod 24 and the contact plate 25.
• FIGS. 4a and 4b show a section of FIG. front portion of a starter according to another embodiment of the invention. The features identical to the previous embodiments have the same reference number.
• FIG. 4a shows a starter 10 comprising a drive shaft 15, a drive member 131 movable at least in translation relative to the drive shaft 15.
• the drive member 131 is able to pass from an active position in which the drive member 131 drives a movable member 100 of the engine to a rest position in which the drive member is disengaged from the movable member 100 of the engine.
• the drive member comprises a pinion 132, a pinion body 133 and a spring called a tilting spring. 134.
• the pinion 132 is mounted on the pinion body 133 which is mounted on the drive shaft 15.
• the pinion 132 is rotatably connected to the pinion body 133 so that the latter drives in rotation. the pinion 132 and can translate along the X axis relative to the pinion body 132.
• the tilting spring 134 is mounted on the pinion body 133, in compression between the pinion 132 and a portion of the pinion body 133. The spring 134 thus makes it possible to apply a force forward on the pinion 133.
• the starter 10 further comprises, as in the previous embodiment, a control lever 271 and a contactor 23 comprising the tooth tooth spring 291 controlling the transition from a deactivated state to an active state, the movement of the driving the positon rest at the active position, via the control lever 271.
• the spring against tooth allows the movable core to continue its course towards the fixed core while the fork is locked in rotation.
• the start further comprises a friction coupling system 300 installed on the drive shaft 15 from a disengaged state in which the drive shaft 15 is uncoupled from the drive member to a coupled state. wherein the drive shaft 15 is coupled to the drive member.
• Figure 4c shows a sectional view of the drive member, the friction coupling system without the fork and without the drive shaft.
• the coupling system 300 comprises a driver 320 and a driving flange 380 forming a part of the pinion body 133.
• the driving flange 380 is at least rotationally fixed in the direction of rotation of the starting with the pinion 13.
• the drive flange 380 and the driver 320 are identical to the previous embodiment except that the driver comprises two shoulders 321 and 322 at the front and in that a closing plate 381 of the drive flange covers the back of the first shoulder 321.
• the control lever 271 is associated with means for closing the friction clutch.
• the control lever 271 is configured to initially allow the drive member to be moved axially along the axis of axial symmetry (X) towards the advanced meshing position with the crown. starting, pushing the closure plate 381. As a result, the closure plate 382 pushes the trainer and the coupling system through the first shoulder 321 to the final position.
• the fork pivots to a tilting point depending on the progress of the drive member, more precisely the closure plate 381. As soon as the fork tilts this tipping point, it presses against the second shoulder of the driver 322 allowing after the tilting point that the trainer starts the activation of the coupling system. In this case the axial displacement of the driver 320 in the direction of the reaction plate helps to activate the friction clutch also called friction coupling system.
• the pinion is free in translation along the axis X relative to the body of the pinion allows when there is tooth tooth between the pinion 132 and the ring gear rotatably connected to the crankshaft, that the lever can continue to switch over. advancing the pinion body forward and compressing the tilt spring 134 so that the pinion body and the fork reach the tilting point.
• the pinion prevents the tilting of the lever and thus the movable core continues its race by compressing the tooth tooth spring without pivoting the fork.
• the tilting spring When the tilting spring has a stronger force than the toothed tooth spring or the pinion abuts with the drive flange of the pinion body, the tooth tooth spring then compresses so that the movable core can continue to advance towards his magnetized position.
• FIG. 4b shows a section of the starter according to this embodiment in the engaged position.
• the abutment is in abutment with the pinion body blocking the latter to allow the tooth tooth spring to compress and transmit via the fork a force on the discs to compress them.
• the stop 51 is a resilient abutment allowing the spring tooth against tooth 291 to relax beyond a certain effort so as to limit a holding force generated by the coil 26.
• the elastic stop 51 has a stiffness lower than that of the spring 291 but greater than that corresponding to the force required to enable the activation of the clutch device 36.
• the starter 10 may also comprise a limit stop 52 of the pinion 12, the elastic stop 51 being positioned between the limit stop 52 and the drive pinion 13. This limit stop 52 makes it possible to retain and secure the elastic stop 51.
• the control lever and the driver and the coupling system also called friction clutch works in the same way as that described in the patent application with application number FR 1 156805 (not published on the day of filing).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-07-18 FR FR1256944A patent/FR2993612B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2013
  • 2013-07-15 EP EP13744743.9A patent/EP2875236A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-07-15 WO PCT/FR2013/051694 patent/WO2014013178A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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