EP2766455A2 - Procédé et usine pour la fabrication d'hydrocarbures liquides - Google Patents
Procédé et usine pour la fabrication d'hydrocarbures liquidesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2766455A2 EP2766455A2 EP12772534.9A EP12772534A EP2766455A2 EP 2766455 A2 EP2766455 A2 EP 2766455A2 EP 12772534 A EP12772534 A EP 12772534A EP 2766455 A2 EP2766455 A2 EP 2766455A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- subjected
- separator
- liquid
- vapours
- reactor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a process for the manufacture of liquid hydrocarbons and a plant for the manufacture of liquid hydrocarbons from plastic waste, especially from polyolefin waste.
- a system for waste plastics cracking comprising a tubular reactor in the form of at least one tube equipped with a screw mixer adjacent to its wall, said tube connected to an outlet of a gas-solid separator in the form of a separation column.
- the reactor and the separation column cooperate with a section of continuous reception of solid residue, equipped with a collecting device, adjacent to the sides of the separation column and a screw conveyor that discharges the material into a solid product storage tank.
- the method for cracking molten plastics is operated with continuous mixing and continuous removal of coke and solids formed in the process from the reaction zone, in a tubular reactor equipped with a screw mixer.
- molten waste possibly with a catalyst added, is pumped into the lower part of the tubes and heated to a temperature of 380-450°C and a cracking process is run during which the reaction mass is intensively contacted with the heated walls and, at the same time, coke and solid waste are scraped from reactor walls and conveyed for separation.
- the separation is carried out at 380- 450°C in a separation column, where the vapour phase is separated from the solid phase and simultaneously the residue is subjected to further cracking and the solid material is scraped from the walls and removed from the reaction zone.
- Polish patent application No P-388102 discloses a method for the production of high- value hydrocarbon products from plastic waste under an inert gas atmosphere.
- the waste is continuously fed to an extruder and plastified, followed by depolymerisation in a thermolysis reactor, whereas vapours of the depolymerisation products are directed to a primary separation system.
- the fractions obtained are subjected to hydrorefming and fed to a secondary separation unit and an additional finishing operations unit. All product fractions are subjected to hydrorefming, catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic hydrodesulphurisation, followed by catalytic dewaxing.
- Patent specification PL 196880 discloses a method for waste plastics processing by cracking, said method consisting in that comminuted plastics are fed from a storage bin to a hopper of an extruder or any other equipment that feeds comminuted plastics along with a cracking catalyst, said plastic being fed to the lower part of a reactor where, at a temperature of 380-500°C, the cracking of polymeric chains and the formation of light hydrocarbons occur, which are directed from the reactor to an air cooler from which a vapour-liquid mixture is fed to a separator and a warm fraction is recycled back to the reactor, and the vapour phase is fed to a water cooler.
- the vapour phase is fed to a separator where the gas phase is directed to a cracking gas tank, and the liquid fraction is separated in a distillation column into a petrol fraction directed to a petrol tank and fuel oil, also directed to an appropriate tank.
- the waste plastics cracking reactor has in its upper part a tubular heat exchanger connected to burners supplied with gas or fuel oil, and above the heat exchanger, there is installed a device for monitoring the level of the molten plastic in the reactor.
- WO9503375 discloses a method for the processing of waste plastics by cracking, wherein plastics are melted before entering the reactor at a temperature of 400-550°C and a low-boiling fraction recovered by distillation from decomposition products is recycled back to the cracking process in the reactor.
- the purpose of the present invention is to develop a method for obtaining a product having optimum technical characteristics while minimising the consumption of utilities including electricity.
- plastic wastes are first subjected to a mechanical compression process in a press, then they undergo a process of drying, after which the raw material is subjected to a process of melting in a melter heated by a gas burner at a temperature of 120-400 ° C, preferably at 220-250°C, and the molten material is transferred via a screw conveyor directly to the tubular reactor where the process of primary thermal cracking is carried out at 380-500°C, preferably at 420-470 ° C, after which in a separator chamber a process of separating the liquid phase from the gaseous phase is carried out, and flammable gases, hydrocarbon vapours and wax vapours are subjected to a process of separation in a separator while hydrocarbon product vapours are subjected to a process of condensation by cooling with cold air in the chamber and then with cold water in the chamber, after which the condensate is separated from the flammable gases in the separator and
- the essence of the plant for the manufacture of liquid hydrocarbons from waste plastic is that it is equipped with a mechanical press and has a tubular screw conveyor connected directly to a tubular reactor and a tubular reactor equipped with ceramic insulated electric band heaters with resistance heating element temperature up to 1 100°C, preferably 750-900°C, whereas situated between the two reactors is a separation chamber to separate the liquid and the gaseous phase.
- An advantage of running the process according to the present invention is that a product having optimal technical characteristics is obtained with reduced utilities consumption including electricity.
- a plant to carry out the process according to the present invention features simplicity of design and arrangement of the individual elements of this installation, allowing for reduction of energy consumption, including electricity.
- thermoplastic plastic waste is first subjected to a process of mechanical pressing in a press 1 in order to remove as much water as possible, and then subjected to a drying process with streams of hot air in a dryer 2, after which the raw material is subjected to a process of melting in a melter 3 heated by a gas burner 4 at 120-400 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 220-250°C.
- Molten raw material is transferred from the melter 3 by a screw conveyor 5 directly to a tubular reactor 6 where the primary cracking process is carried out.
- Both the screw conveyor 5 and the reactor 6 are equipped with ceramic insulated electrical band heaters 7 with resistance element temperature up to 1 100°C, preferably 750 -900°C.
- the process of thermal cracking is carried out at a temperature of 380-500°C, preferably at 420-470°C.
- a separator chamber 8_ the process of separation of the liquid phase from the gaseous phase is run, and flammable gases, hydrocarbon vapours and wax vapours are subjected to a process of separation in a separator 9, whereas hydrocarbon product vapours are subjected to a process of condensation by cooling with cold air in chamber K) and then with cold water in chamber 1 1, after which the condensate is separated from the combustible gases in separator J_3 and then stored in storage tank H, while liquid waxes and solids after exiting the separator 8_are subjected to the process of secondary cracking at 380-500°C, preferably 420-470 0 C, in the reactor 12 , followed by separation in a separator J_5, where liquid waxes obtained are fed to an air cooler 16, wherefrom they are recycled to melt again in the melter 3, and the hot air recovered is routed
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant d'obtenir un produit possédant des caractéristiques techniques optimales tout en réduisant au minimum la consommation de services collectifs dont l'électricité. L'invention concerne un procédé pour la fabrication d'hydrocarbures liquides. Dans le procédé, les déchets de plastique sont d'abord soumis à un procédé de pressage mécanique sur une presse (1), puis sont soumis à un séchage dans un séchoir (2), après quoi la matière première est soumise à un procédé de fusion dans un pot de fusion (3) à une température de 120 à 400 °C, et la matière première fondue est transférée depuis le pot de fusion (3) au moyen d'un transporteur à vis (5) directement vers un réacteur tubulaire (6) où un procédé de craquage thermique primaire est réalisé entre 380 et 500 °C. Dans une chambre d'un séparateur (8), un procédé de séparation de la phase liquide et de la phase gazeuse est réalisé, et des gaz combustibles, des vapeurs d'hydrocarbures et des vapeurs de cires sont soumis à un procédé de séparation dans un séparateur (9) pendant que les vapeurs des produits hydrocarbonés sont soumises à un procédé de condensation et que le condensat est séparé des gaz combustibles dans un séparateur (13), puis stockés dans une cuve de stockage (14). Une usine comprend une presse mécanique (I) et un transporteur tubulaire à vis (5) connecté à un réacteur tubulaire (6), et un réacteur tubulaire (12) équipé d'éléments chauffants de bandes électriques à isolation céramique (7), tandis qu'une chambre de séparation (8) située entre les deux réacteurs est raccordée à un séparateur à colonne (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL396277A PL215514B1 (pl) | 2011-09-08 | 2011-09-08 | Sposób wytwarzania cieklych weglowodorów i instalacja do wytwarzania cieklych weglowodorów |
| PCT/PL2012/000078 WO2013036151A2 (fr) | 2011-09-08 | 2012-09-04 | Procédé et usine pour la fabrication d'hydrocarbures liquides |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2766455A2 true EP2766455A2 (fr) | 2014-08-20 |
Family
ID=47018436
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12772534.9A Withdrawn EP2766455A2 (fr) | 2011-09-08 | 2012-09-04 | Procédé et usine pour la fabrication d'hydrocarbures liquides |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2766455A2 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL215514B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2013036151A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220064539A1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | Resonante LLC | Process for production of useful hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste and reaction system therefor |
| US11999920B2 (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2024-06-04 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Cold flow additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock |
| CN116783242A (zh) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-09-19 | 沙特基础工业全球技术公司 | 固体混合塑料的解聚工艺 |
| CA3209451A1 (fr) | 2021-03-10 | 2022-09-15 | Theodore C. Arnst | Additifs stabilisants pour charge d'alimentation synthetique derivee de plastique |
| EP4416248A1 (fr) | 2021-10-14 | 2024-08-21 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Agents antisalissure pour matières premières synthétiques dérivées du plastique |
| EP4321595A1 (fr) * | 2022-08-10 | 2024-02-14 | Resonante LLC | Procédé de production de matériaux hydrocarbonés à partir de déchets plastiques |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL106717B1 (pl) | 1977-03-24 | 1980-01-31 | Oprawka lampki choinkowej | |
| PL109907B1 (en) | 1977-03-30 | 1980-06-30 | Akad Ekonom | Apparatus for metering differences of flat textile products permeability |
| BR9407041A (pt) | 1993-07-20 | 1996-03-12 | Basf Ag | Processo para reciclar plásticos |
| JP2000309781A (ja) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-07 | Aibi Purotekku:Kk | プラスチックの連続乾留熱分解油化装置 |
| US20090007484A1 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2009-01-08 | Smith David G | Apparatus and process for converting biomass feed materials into reusable carbonaceous and hydrocarbon products |
| PL218781B1 (pl) | 2009-05-25 | 2015-01-30 | Bl Lab Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Sposób wytwarzania wysokowartościowych produktów węglowodorowych z odpadowych tworzyw sztucznych i układ do sposobu wytwarzania wysokowartościowych produktów węglowodorowych z odpadowych tworzyw sztucznych |
-
2011
- 2011-09-08 PL PL396277A patent/PL215514B1/pl unknown
-
2012
- 2012-09-04 EP EP12772534.9A patent/EP2766455A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-09-04 WO PCT/PL2012/000078 patent/WO2013036151A2/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2013036151A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL215514B1 (pl) | 2013-12-31 |
| WO2013036151A2 (fr) | 2013-03-14 |
| WO2013036151A3 (fr) | 2013-05-02 |
| PL396277A1 (pl) | 2013-03-18 |
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