EP2772652B1 - Paroi intermédiaire pour isoler de façon étanche l'espace arrière d'un compresseur radial - Google Patents

Paroi intermédiaire pour isoler de façon étanche l'espace arrière d'un compresseur radial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2772652B1
EP2772652B1 EP14155860.1A EP14155860A EP2772652B1 EP 2772652 B1 EP2772652 B1 EP 2772652B1 EP 14155860 A EP14155860 A EP 14155860A EP 2772652 B1 EP2772652 B1 EP 2772652B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intermediate wall
bearing housing
sealing
fastening
bores
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14155860.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2772652A2 (fr
EP2772652A3 (fr
Inventor
Andrea Vacca
Matthias Jarusel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Accelleron Switzerland Ltd
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Publication of EP2772652A2 publication Critical patent/EP2772652A2/fr
Publication of EP2772652A3 publication Critical patent/EP2772652A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2772652B1 publication Critical patent/EP2772652B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/602—Drainage
    • F05D2260/6022—Drainage of leakage having past a seal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of exhaust gas turbochargers for supercharged internal combustion engines.
  • It relates to an intermediate wall for sealing the rear space of the compressor wheel of a radial compressor with respect to a storage space enclosed by a bearing housing, a bearing device for mounting the rotor of a compressor with such an intermediate wall, a radial compressor with such a bearing device and an exhaust gas turbocharger with such a radial compressor.
  • Exhaust gas turbochargers are used to increase the performance of internal combustion engines.
  • the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine is applied to the exhaust gas turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger and its kinetic energy is used to suck in and compress air for the internal combustion engine.
  • the impellers of the turbine and the compressor are connected to one another via a shaft mounted in a bearing housing.
  • sealing air is often used on the turbine side in order to protect the bearing area from penetrating hot exhaust gases from the flow channel or to actively cool the turbine wheel.
  • This sealing air can be supplied externally or taken from the air flow downstream of the compressor.
  • sealing air can also be discharged from the back space of the compressor wheel, which has the positive effect of relieving the axial load on the compressor wheel, since the pressure in the back space of the compressor wheel is reduced by discharging the sealing air.
  • the air in the back space of the compressor wheel penetrates from the flow channel of the compressor wheel into this area, since the space between the rapidly rotating compressor wheel, which is subject to greater temperature fluctuations, cannot be sealed as well as desired.
  • the sealing air discharged in this way is guided through several components to the turbine side. This creates housing transitions which have to be sealed against the escape of the sealing air.
  • the at least one barrier air transition between the partition wall immediately adjacent to the compressor wheel pressure chamber and the bearing housing has so far been implemented by means of a round pin, which was attached to the partition wall and received in a corresponding opening in the bearing housing.
  • the at least one pin on the otherwise essentially rotationally symmetrical intermediate wall was produced by the complex machining process of circular milling.
  • the pamphlet DE 10 20009 034 962 B3 relates to a centrifugal compressor with a bearing housing having an interior space, a compressor shaft rotatably guided through the bearing housing and carrying a compressor impeller, and a housing cover which is fitted together on one impeller side of the bearing housing so that it at least partially closes the interior space, the bearing housing being one to has a radial extension corresponding to a diameter direction of the compressor shaft and a certain axial extension corresponding to a longitudinal direction of the compressor shaft and has a recess on an inside facing the interior of the bearing housing which, together with part of the interior, is fluidly connected to a cooling fluid inlet and a cooling fluid outlet of the bearing housing Forms cooling fluid passage, in which at least one rib is provided which does not interrupt a cooling fluid flow through the
  • the pamphlet DE 10 2006 048 784 A1 relates to a compressor, in particular a radial compressor, for a turbocharger comprising a compressor wheel which is rotatably accommodated in a compressor housing, a part of the compressor housing adjacent to the compressor wheel being flowed through by a cooling fluid.
  • the compressor wheel is at least partially provided with a coating that reduces the introduction of heat.
  • the pamphlet DE 10 2009 024 679 A1 relates to a compressor impeller and radial compressor equipped therewith, the compressor impeller having an impeller hub with a first side and a second side facing away from the first side and a plurality of impeller blades which are distributed along a circumferential direction of the impeller hub and which are arranged on the first side of the impeller hub Define a plurality of impeller passages for passing a compression fluid therethrough.
  • the impeller passages have a radially inner compression fluid inlet end and a radially outer compression fluid outlet end.
  • centrifugal flow blocking means are provided which are designed to stop a radially outward flow of liquid cooling medium applied to the second side.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a bearing device for bearing a rotor of a compressor, with which a sealing air discharge can be provided which can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the bearing device comprises a bearing housing which encloses a storage space with a central opening for receiving the rotor.
  • the storage device comprises an intermediate wall for sealing a rear space of a compressor wheel of the compressor with respect to the storage space, the intermediate wall comprising a rotationally symmetrical, disk-shaped base body with a central opening for passing through the rotor, with means being provided in the area of the central opening for a transition to seal the rotor.
  • the intermediate wall comprises a circumferential, rotationally symmetrically shaped fastening flange which is provided for fastening the intermediate wall to the bearing housing and which has a planar contact surface for resting on a contact surface of the bearing housing.
  • the bores include at least one sealing air duct and a plurality of bores distributed in the circumferential direction on the virtual circular line for receiving fastening means.
  • the bearing housing comprises a circumferential fastening flange which is provided for fastening the partition to the bearing housing and which has a planar contact surface for resting on the contact surface of the fastening flange of the partition.
  • Several bores are embedded on a virtual circular line in the fastening flange of the bearing housing, the bores comprising at least one sealing air channel and several bores distributed in the circumferential direction on the virtual circular line for receiving fastening means.
  • the multiple bores of the mounting flange of the bearing housing correspond to the multiple bores of the mounting flange of the partition, so that the at least one air barrier channel of the mounting flange of the bearing housing forms an axial continuation of the at least one air barrier channel of the partition.
  • the bores are arranged in the fastening flange of the intermediate wall for receiving fastening means.
  • the at least one sealing air duct of the fastening flange of the partition is arranged between two adjacent bores of the fastening flange of the partition for receiving fastening means.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exhaust gas turbocharger according to the prior art with an exhaust gas turbine 10 through which there is axial flow and a radial compressor 70.
  • the rotor is rotatably mounted in the bearing housing 30.
  • the exhaust gas coming from the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine is guided through the gas inlet housing 12 onto the rotor blades of the turbine wheel 11.
  • the exhaust gas is then collected in the diffuser area of the gas outlet housing 13 and discharged via the exhaust system.
  • the compressor wheel which is driven by the turbine via the shaft, sucks in fresh air in order to compress it and feed it to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine under higher pressure.
  • sealing air is often used on the turbine side in order to protect the bearing area from penetrating hot exhaust gas or to cool the turbine wheel hub.
  • This sealing air is usually a by-product of the compressor wheel thrust relief, in which the air pressure in the rear space of the compressor wheel is reduced in that the air penetrating into this area from the flow channel of the compressor wheel is removed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section taken along the shaft axis through the radial compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • the compressor wheel 71 is arranged in the compressor housing 72.
  • the compressor wheel includes a hub body and a plurality of rotor blades.
  • the rear space is delimited by a disk-shaped partition 40.
  • the partition has a central opening in the interior through which the shaft 20 is guided. Depending on the way in which the compressor wheel is fastened on the shaft, a part of the compressor wheel 71 can also protrude into or through the central opening in the partition wall. A sealing point effective in two directions is provided in the radially inner area between the rotor and the partition. On the one hand, the aim is to prevent too much fresh air from escaping from the rear of the compressor wheel into the bearing area under ambient pressure (blow-by). On the other hand, it is to be prevented that at certain operating points of the compressor with reversed pressure conditions, oil or oil-laden air can get from the bearing area into the rear space of the compressor wheel.
  • the partition is attached to the bearing housing in the radially outer area and the transition is also secured with a seal 35.
  • the disk-shaped intermediate wall 40 On the side facing the bearing area, the disk-shaped intermediate wall 40 has a circumferential fastening flange 41 which, according to the invention, is provided for resting on a likewise circumferential fastening flange 31 of the bearing housing. Between the intermediate wall 40 and the bearing housing 30 there is a cavity 36, radially outside the circumferential flange, which can be used to cool the housing area at the outer edge or at the outlet of the compressor wheel. For example, a cooling medium (water or cool air) can be passed through the cavity.
  • a cooling medium water or cool air
  • the partition wall in the area of the fastening flange 41, there are several through openings, each of which either acts as a sealing air duct 42 for the discharge of sealing air from the rear space of the compressor wheel ( Fig. 2 , upper half), or as a hole 43 for receiving fasteners 50 ( Fig. 2 , lower half).
  • the flange 31 of the bearing housing holes corresponding to the openings in the intermediate wall are provided.
  • the bearing surfaces of the two flanges are designed as axial end faces and run in a plane perpendicular to the axis.
  • the bearing surfaces can also be aligned slightly conically, the bearing surfaces of the two flanges running strictly parallel to one another.
  • a sealing point 34 is located radially inside the openings arranged on a circle, advantageously designed as one or two grooves with an inserted sealing ring.
  • the groove can be embedded in the bearing surface of the flange 41 of the partition wall on one side, or - as in the embodiment shown - in the bearing surface of the flange 31 on the bearing housing, or on both sides in both bearing surfaces.
  • the sealing ring a conventional O-ring, is squeezed into the groove in the axial direction when the partition is placed on the bearing housing and thus seals between the two opposite bearing surfaces.
  • the sealing air duct is sealed off from the storage area so that no blow-by flow escapes into the storage area.
  • the fastening means are also sealed according to the invention, so that at the above-mentioned operating point with reversed pressure conditions, no oil or oil-laden air can get from the bearing area into the rear space of the compressor wheel.
  • the multiple bores for receiving fastening means 43 there are at least one sealing air duct 42 and the multiple bores for receiving fastening means 43 according to the invention at the same radial height, that is, they are on a circle concentric to the circular, disk-shaped partition.
  • the bores for receiving the fastening means can have the same diameter as the bore of the sealing air duct for receiving a screw head, except for a residual depth with a smaller diameter. This facilitates the manufacture of the partition wall.
  • the arrangement of the two types of bores can be regular or irregular.
  • the fastening means 50 are advantageously distributed regularly along the circumference.
  • the at least one sealing air duct 42 can take place as shown a fastening opening, or additionally between two fastening openings arranged at regular intervals.
  • FIG. 11 shows a view in the axial direction of the partition 40 in the FIG Fig. 2 indicated section, along III-III, through the rear area of the centrifugal compressor.
  • the depressions of the labyrinth seal 44 are indicated with several concentric circles.
  • the shaft 20 and the cylindrical extension of the compressor wheel surrounding the shaft are shown.
  • the continuation of the at least one sealing air channel 32 and the bores for receiving fastening means 33 are also at the same radial height, that is, they are also on a circle concentric to the shaft axis.
  • Fig. 4 shows partition and bearing housing along the in Fig. 2 indicated, along IV-IV section through the rear area of the centrifugal compressor Fig. 2 .
  • the bearing housing 30 is cut in the radially outer area.
  • the section then leads through the cavity 36 enclosed between the intermediate wall and the bearing housing, which can optionally be used to cool the housing area at the compressor wheel outlet.
  • the cavity 36 is delimited by the flange 31, in which, according to the invention, the bores 33 and at least one sealing air channel 32 are arranged.
  • the sealing point 34 can also be seen, which in the region of the flange 31, however, runs radially within the sealing air channel 32 and bores 33.
  • the shaft 20 In the radially innermost area, the shaft 20, the extension of the compressor wheel 71 and a piece of the intermediate wall 40 inclined towards the bearing side in this area are indicated.
  • the partition 40 is, according to the invention, a rotationally symmetrical disk which can be brought into its final shape during manufacture by turning and without milling. Only a drill is required for the sealing air duct, which can also be used to drill the holes to accommodate the fastening means. As a result, the manufacturing process can be simplified compared to a conventional partition wall.
  • the partition has an additional positioning bore, which is provided for receiving a positioning pin, which is located on the bearing housing is attached or is introduced into a positioning hole provided for this purpose in the bearing housing before assembly.
  • a positioning pin which is located on the bearing housing is attached or is introduced into a positioning hole provided for this purpose in the bearing housing before assembly.
  • the positioning can be realized by an irregular distribution of the bores for receiving the fastening means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif formant palier permettant de loger un rotor d'un compresseur, comprenant :
    - un logement de palier (30) qui entoure un espace de palier doté d'une ouverture centrale pour recevoir le rotor, et
    - une paroi intermédiaire (40) pour rendre étanche un espace arrière d'une roue de compresseur du compresseur par rapport à l'espace de palier, la paroi intermédiaire comprenant un corps de base en forme de disque, à symétrie de révolution, doté d'une ouverture centrale pour le passage du rotor, des moyens étant prévus au niveau de l'ouverture centrale pour rendre étanche une jonction avec le rotor,
    la paroi intermédiaire comprenant une bride de fixation (41) périphérique, formée en symétrie de révolution, qui est prévue pour fixer la paroi intermédiaire au logement de palier et qui présente une surface de contact plane pour s'appuyer sur une surface de contact du logement de palier, plusieurs perçages (42, 43) étant pratiqués dans la bride de fixation (41) sur une ligne circulaire virtuelle, et les perçages comprenant au moins un canal d'air de barrage (42) ainsi que plusieurs perçages (43) répartis dans la direction circonférentielle sur la ligne circulaire virtuelle pour recevoir des moyens de fixation,
    le logement de palier comprenant une bride de fixation périphérique (31) qui est prévue pour fixer la paroi intermédiaire (40) au logement de palier (30), et qui présente une surface de contact plane pour s'appuyer sur la surface de contact de la bride de fixation (41) de la paroi intermédiaire,
    plusieurs perçages (32, 33) étant pratiqués dans la bride de fixation (31) du logement de palier sur une ligne circulaire virtuelle, les perçages comprenant au moins un canal d'air de barrage (32) ainsi que plusieurs perçages (33) répartis dans la direction circonférentielle sur la ligne circulaire virtuelle pour recevoir des moyens de fixation, et les plusieurs perçages (32, 33) de la bride de fixation (31) du logement de palier correspondant aux plusieurs perçages (42, 43) de la bride de fixation (41) de la paroi intermédiaire (40) de sorte que ledit au moins un canal d'air de barrage (32) de la bride de fixation (31) du logement de palier constitue un prolongement axial de l'au moins un canal d'air de barrage (42) de la paroi intermédiaire (40), les perçages (43) pour recevoir des moyens de fixation étant disposés dans la bride de fixation de la paroi intermédiaire (40), et ledit au moins un canal d'air de barrage (42) de la bride de fixation de la paroi intermédiaire étant disposé respectivement entre deux perçages (43) disposés de manière adjacente de la bride de fixation de la paroi intermédiaire (40) pour recevoir des moyens de fixation (50) .
  2. Dispositif formant palier selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, au niveau des surfaces de contact, radialement à l'intérieur des lignes circulaires virtuelles, d'autres moyens (34) pour rendre étanche la conjonction entre le logement de palier et la paroi intermédiaire sont prévus.
  3. Dispositif formant palier selon la revendication 2, dans lequel, dans la surface de contact au niveau de la bride (31) du logement de palier (30), radialement à l'intérieur des lignes circulaires virtuelles, une première rainure (34) est pratiquée pour recevoir une bague d'étanchéité.
  4. Dispositif formant palier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel, dans la surface de contact de la bride de fixation (41) de la paroi intermédiaire (40), une deuxième rainure (35) est pratiquée pour recevoir une bague d'étanchéité.
  5. Dispositif formant palier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les perçages (43) pour recevoir des moyens de fixation sont disposés dans la bride de fixation de la paroi intermédiaire (40) à intervalles angulaires réguliers sur la ligne circulaire virtuelle.
  6. Compresseur radial, comprenant un rotor doté d'un arbre (20), monté rotatif dans un dispositif formant palier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, et d'une roue de compresseur (71).
  7. Turbocompresseur à gaz d'échappement, comprenant un compresseur radial selon la revendication 6.
EP14155860.1A 2013-02-28 2014-02-20 Paroi intermédiaire pour isoler de façon étanche l'espace arrière d'un compresseur radial Active EP2772652B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013203455.5A DE102013203455A1 (de) 2013-02-28 2013-02-28 Zwischenwand zur Abdichtung des Rückraums eines Radialverdichters

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2772652A2 EP2772652A2 (fr) 2014-09-03
EP2772652A3 EP2772652A3 (fr) 2018-03-28
EP2772652B1 true EP2772652B1 (fr) 2021-10-06

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ID=50137527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14155860.1A Active EP2772652B1 (fr) 2013-02-28 2014-02-20 Paroi intermédiaire pour isoler de façon étanche l'espace arrière d'un compresseur radial

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2772652B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5850965B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101617938B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104018933B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013203455A1 (fr)

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DE102015005054A1 (de) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Strömungsmaschine
DE102017208117A1 (de) * 2017-05-15 2018-11-15 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Turbolader
US20190277159A1 (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-12 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Turbocharger assembly
CN109209520B (zh) * 2018-09-13 2023-08-04 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种向心涡轮叶轮背部空腔泄漏流损失抑制结构
DE102023125052A1 (de) 2023-09-15 2025-03-20 Pankl Turbosystems GmbH Gasverdichter mit Druckentlastung für ein Verdichterrad

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JPH06346749A (ja) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 排気タービン過給機
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DE102009024679B4 (de) * 2009-06-12 2016-04-07 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Verdichterlaufrad und damit ausgerüsteter Radialverdichter
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104018933B (zh) 2016-10-12
EP2772652A2 (fr) 2014-09-03
JP2014169699A (ja) 2014-09-18
JP5850965B2 (ja) 2016-02-03
CN104018933A (zh) 2014-09-03
EP2772652A3 (fr) 2018-03-28
KR20140108123A (ko) 2014-09-05
KR101617938B1 (ko) 2016-05-18
DE102013203455A1 (de) 2014-08-28

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