EP2823190A1 - Schleifmaschine mit gleitführung - Google Patents
Schleifmaschine mit gleitführungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2823190A1 EP2823190A1 EP12716221.2A EP12716221A EP2823190A1 EP 2823190 A1 EP2823190 A1 EP 2823190A1 EP 12716221 A EP12716221 A EP 12716221A EP 2823190 A1 EP2823190 A1 EP 2823190A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- guide
- grinding machine
- carriage
- frame
- guide surfaces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
- B23Q1/34—Relative movement obtained by use of deformable elements, e.g. piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, elastic or thermally-dilatable elements
- B23Q1/36—Springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
- B23Q1/38—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using fluid bearings or fluid cushion supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
- F16C29/02—Sliding-contact bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/1065—Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/24—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with different areas of the sliding surface consisting of different materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a grinding machine for mechanical grinding of
- Grinding machines are well known in the art. These are usually grinding machines with a stationary frame, at least one movable carriage and a trained between the frame and the carriage Linearschreibung. By means of the linear guide, the carriage is movable in a guide direction of Linearschreibung.
- the grinding machine has a grinding tool unit.
- the grinding tool unit is fixed to the carriage or the frame. By a method of the carriage or the frame, the grinding tool unit can be attached to the workpiece to be machined or to the workpiece to be machined
- Abrasive tool unit are introduced.
- the precision of grinding as such depends on a grinding machine on various factors.
- Influencing factors is the guiding accuracy of the linear guide. Is the
- the sliding guide and the Wälzchtung be mentioned here, each of which may be formed as a wide guide, narrow guide or center guide.
- a Wälzschreibung usually has a low backlash and low friction. The damping of a rolling guide is low.
- the production and the precise assembly of a Wälzchtung are usually very expensive and thus cause correspondingly high costs.
- known Gleitschreibungen have good damping and usually high rigidity. To be able to absorb forces from different directions are also
- a sliding guide can be configured as a hydrodynamic sliding guide and as a hydrostatic sliding guide.
- a sliding guide preferably has two mutually facing, planar
- a hydrostatic sliding guide In a hydrostatic sliding guide an oil film is introduced by means of an oil pump between the mutually facing, planar guide surfaces, wherein the oil film is pressurized by means of the oil pump. The pressurized oil film thus presses apart the facing planar guide surfaces. In other words, the mutually facing, planar guide surfaces do not touch each other in such a hydrostatic sliding guide.
- a hydrostatic sliding guide is therefore very low friction.
- the oil continuously introduced between the mutually facing planar guide surfaces flows off at the edge regions of the guide surfaces. By means of the pump is thus continuously to ensure that the same amount of oil is introduced between the facing guide surfaces, as emerges at the lateral boundaries of the guide surfaces.
- a hydrostatic sliding guide is thus characterized by a high
- Oil consumption off In a hydrodynamic sliding guide creates a pressure in the oil film between the mutually facing, planar guide surfaces by flow forces due to the relative movement between the two guide surfaces. At rest, so if there is no relative movement between the two guide surfaces, the two guide surfaces are pressed together. Due to the adhesion between the oil and the guide surfaces, the oil is not completely pressed out of the area between the guide surfaces even at a standstill. Rather, an oil film between the guide surfaces is maintained at a standstill. In a relative movement between the guide surfaces, a so-called "oil wedge" is generated by a shear stress between the oil and the respective guide surface
- Carriage trained hydrodynamic sliding therefore there is a risk that the carriage against the frame floats and thus can affect the precision of grinding. Due to the increased pressure in the oil wedge there is also the risk that the oil escapes at a hydrodynamic sliding guide at the outer end edges of the guide surfaces. In absolute terms, however, the amount of leaking oil is significantly less than the amount that exits with a comparable hydrostatic sliding guide. In a hydrodynamic sliding guide only an oil film between the mutually facing, even
- Guiding surfaces introduced, where in a hydrostatic slide a continuous flow of oil is introduced into the space between the guide surfaces, which then leaves this space at the outer edges of the guide surfaces.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a grinding machine available, the carriage with minimal oil loss is very precisely movable and positioned.
- the object is achieved by a grinding machine with a frame, a movable carriage, a grinding tool unit which is fastened to the carriage or the frame, and a linear guide formed between the frame and the carriage, by means of which the carriage can be moved in a guiding direction of the linear guide.
- the linear guide has at least one sliding guide for receiving normal forces and at least one further guide for absorbing transverse forces
- the or each Gleitchtung each comprises two facing planar guide surfaces, and wherein at least one of the guide surfaces of the or each Gleitschreibung at least one integrated Having surface element with a lower coefficient of friction than the respective adjacent remaining guide surface.
- the linear guide comprises at least one, in particular hydrodynamic, sliding guide for receiving normal forces.
- the guide for absorbing transverse forces may also be designed as a corresponding Gleitschreibung or as another known guide.
- Mixed forms are also possible.
- a lubricant in particular oil, used to allow the most resistance-free, contrasting procedure of the guide surfaces.
- the at least one surface element is integrated in at least one of the planar guide surface.
- Such a guide surface is thus composed of the distributed surface elements arranged with a lower coefficient of friction and from the remaining surface of the guide surface.
- Guide surface has a plurality of different high Reibbei values, which are assigned to different areas of the planar guide surface.
- Shear stress is in turn dependent on the coefficient of friction of the respective guide surface. It is therefore desirable that the respective guide surface has the lowest possible coefficient of friction. In this case, the resulting shear stress and the corresponding oil wedge are very small, which leads to an advantageous low floating.
- the integrated surface element of a first type of plastic or a first plastic and the rest of the guide surface can be made of a second type of plastic or second plastic.
- the total friction of such a sliding guide consists of the frictional components of the areas of the surface elements with a low coefficient of friction as well as the areas of the remaining guide surface (with a higher coefficient of friction). Weighted by the respective area proportions, however, the average coefficient of friction is lower than in a comparable area made exclusively of a material with a higher coefficient of friction.
- the invention is characterized by an optimum compromise between a precise and low-friction guidance for a grinding machine. By simply adjusting the area ratios, the respective advantageous properties can be optimally adapted to the actual requirements.
- An advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that at least one of the guide surfaces of the or each Gleitbertung has a plurality of integrated, distributed surface elements with a lower coefficient of friction than the respective adjacent remaining guide surface. Thanks to this configuration, a better distribution of the surface load relative to the respective sliding guide can be achieved.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that the or each surface element with a lower coefficient of friction of a Polyhalogenolefine, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene, and the respective adjacent guide surface made of a synthetic resin, in particular polyester resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, vinyl ester resin or acrylic resin , or have corresponding components substantially.
- a Polyhalogenolefine in particular polytetrafluoroethylene
- the respective adjacent guide surface made of a synthetic resin, in particular polyester resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, vinyl ester resin or acrylic resin , or have corresponding components substantially.
- a synthetic resin in particular polyester resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, vinyl ester resin or acrylic resin
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that the or each surface element a value with a lower Reibbei a coefficient of friction of less than 0.1 and the respective adjacent remaining guide surface has a higher, especially slightly higher coefficient of friction.
- Friction coefficient of the respective guide surface is determined by the by
- the median coefficient of friction would therefore be smaller than 0.15, thus ensuring a particularly high level of friction
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that the material of the or each surface element having a lower coefficient of friction has a lower strength and / or rigidity than the material of the respectively adjacent remaining guide surface.
- the material of the respective adjacent guide surface has a higher strength and / or a higher rigidity than the or each surface element (the associated guide surface) with a lower coefficient of friction. It has already been explained that floating in a hydrodynamic sliding guide can occur.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that at least one of the flat guide surfaces of the or each slide is interrupted by at least one ⁇ lskisnut.
- the ⁇ lskisnut takes in this embodiment variant a special position, because in the sense of this
- Design variant is under a flat guide surface to understand a surface that is just configured except for the ⁇ l machinessnut.
- the sliding guide in particular the area between the mutually facing, planar Systemsfizzen, are supplied specifically with an oil.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that one of the guide surfaces of the or each Gleitchtung the carriage and / or the other guide surface is assigned to the frame, or vice versa.
- a guide surface of Gleitschreibung can thus be an integral part of the carriage. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible that a guide surface of the sliding guide is an integral part of the frame.
- Such a configuration, in which the frame and / or the carriage form a guide surface of the respective sliding guide, is characterized in particular by the compact design.
- the frame and / or the carriage preferably have a very high rigidity.
- With a corresponding integration of the at least one guide surface also increases their resistance to deformation, so that the carriage relative to the frame can be moved and / or positioned particularly precisely.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that the or each sliding guide each comprises a guide track part, which is associated with a respective Gleitbertung associated guide surface.
- Guideway part for example, be a rail or a slide rail with a corresponding guide surface.
- the guideway member is preferably attached to the frame or to the carriage to form a corresponding guide between the frame and the carriage.
- Such a guideway part has the advantage that this is particularly easy and accurate to produce. This applies in particular to a guide surface having at least one integrated surface element with a lower coefficient of friction than the respectively adjacent remaining guide surface.
- the guideway part has a significantly lower weight than the frame or the Carriage, so that it is very easy to handle and causes a significantly lower cost in production.
- a sliding guide can also have two guide track parts, so that it is not necessary for one of the guide surfaces of the respective slide guide to be assigned to the carriage or the frame or to be formed by these.
- An advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that the or each slide each a guideway part pair with two facing each other
- Guide track parts comprises, wherein one of the guide track parts associated with the respective slide guide surfaces and the other guide track part is assigned to the other of the respective slide guide surfaces associated.
- the Gleitschreibung can be produced as a separate component. Again, that the handling is improved and the cost of production is less.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the scarfing machine is characterized in that at least one guideway part of the or each Gleitschreibung is mounted pendulum mounted on the frame or the carriage. If larger impacts occur during operation and / or during installation of the grinding machine, the large forces caused by the impact are absorbed elastically by the pendulum-mounted guideway part. By means of this configuration can therefore be particularly easily ensured that it does not lead to a plastic deformation of the sliding guide.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one guideway part of the or each sliding guide is resiliently mounted on the frame or on the carriage.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that a plurality of Gleitschreibungen for receiving normal forces in alignment one behind the other and / or arranged parallel to each other and / or are formed. This can be ensured in a particularly simple and effective way that do not act too high transverse stresses on the frame and / or on the carriage. For usually, the weight of a sled spreads over its entire surface.
- the inventive design allows a uniform and / or symmetrical transmission of the normal forces between the carriage and the frame.
- a sliding guide of the grinding machine for absorbing transverse forces can be configured in an analogous manner. Both design variants favor a precise grinding by means of the grinding machine.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the grinding machine is characterized in that in each case one of the guide surfaces of the plurality of successively aligned sliding guides is formed as a common, continuous guide surface. This makes it particularly easy to combine several sliding guides together. This increases the accuracy of the guidance in one
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the guide surfaces are made by molding.
- Guide surfaces can be made a particularly firm contact with the carriage. Furthermore, the guide surfaces can be produced particularly simply and at the same time precisely.
- a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the existing of different plastics guide surfaces have channels for lubrication. Such channels serve to supply the lubricant to the
- the lubricant can thus be particularly directed precisely and to a minimum amount directed to the respective linear guide.
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of a guide surface having a plurality
- Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a sliding guide with a guide surface
- Fig. 5 is a plan view of a guide surface having a
- Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a sliding guide with a guide surface
- FIG. 7 is an illustration of another section of the grinding machine in FIG.
- Fig. 8 is a representation of another section of the grinding machine in
- Form template and impression a plan view of a guide element with a guide surface, a plan view of a guide element with attached mold template, a plan view of a guide element with a first applied part of a guide surface, a plan view of a guide element with a guide surface, a plan view of a guide element with a first attached mold template, a plan view of a guide element with a second patch mold and
- Fig. 11c is a plan view of a guide element with a guide surface.
- a grinding machine 2 with a frame 4, a movable carriage 6, a grinding tool unit 8, which on the carriage 6, and a formed between the frame 4 and the carriage 6 linear guide 10, by means of which the carriage 6 in a guide direction F of
- Lmear Insert 10 is movable, it is apparent, wherein the linear guide 10 has at least one sliding guide 12 for receiving normal forces and at least one further guide 14 for receiving transverse forces, wherein the or each sliding guide 12 each comprises two mutually facing planar guide surfaces 16, 17, and wherein at least one of the guide surfaces 16 of the or each sliding guide 12 has at least one integrated surface element 18 with a lower coefficient of friction than the respectively adjacent remaining guide surface 20.
- Grinding machines 2 are well known from the prior art, so that a closer representation and description is not required here. Basically, it should be pointed out in this context that the frame 4 is preferably configured stationary, whereas the carriage 6 relative to the frame 4 is relatively movable. Furthermore, there are various possibilities for fastening the grinding tool unit 8 to the carriage 6 or to the frame 4. In addition, grinding machines 2 with a frame 4 and a plurality of movable carriage 6 are known. It is advantageous if the carriage 6 are moved independently. Thus, for example, at least one carriage 6a, 6b can be configured horizontally and at least one further carriage 6c can be moved vertically. In this way, it is possible that one of the carriage 6 holds the workpiece to be machined by means of a corresponding workpiece holder, wherein on the other movable carriage 6 the
- Abrasive tool unit 8 is attached.
- a linear guide 10 is formed between the frame 4 and the carriage 6.
- Suitable lubricants are the oils known from the general state of the art or other liquid to viscous fluids having a lubricating effect.
- the linear guide 10 of the carriage 6 in the guide direction F can be moved.
- the linear guide 10 has at least one, in particular hydrodynamic, sliding guide 12 for receiving normal forces. To ensure the most uniform possible absorption of normal forces, it is as shown in Fig. 1 is advantageous if the Linearschreibung 10 more in parallel Having juxtaposed sliding guides 12 for receiving normal forces.
- the linear guide 10 furthermore has at least one further guide 14 for absorbing transverse forces.
- the linear guide 10 has a plurality of guides 14 for absorbing transverse forces. From Fig. 1 is also clearly seen that these guides 14 are also aligned parallel to each other to allow the guiding in the same guide direction F.
- Fig. 1 the linear guide with grips 11 is shown.
- This Umgriffe 11 are used to adjust the bias and / or the game of the respective guide 12, 14 and thus to improve the leadership precision.
- the grinding machine 2 As mentioned above, very high normal forces can occur in grinding machines. In order to avoid punctual loads in normal directions, the grinding machine 2 according to the invention therefore has at least one sliding guide 12 for receiving normal forces.
- the or each Gleitschreibung 12 each includes two mutually facing, planar guide surfaces 16, 17.
- sliding guides 12 are known from the prior art. However, these are subject to disadvantages.
- a hydrostatic sliding guide has, for example the disadvantage that constantly leaking oil at the edge regions of the guide.
- the grinding machine 2 has at least one, preferably hydrodynamic, slide guide 12 with two planar guide surfaces 16 facing one another. 17 for receiving normal forces, wherein at least one of the guide surfaces 16 of the or each slide 12 has at least one integrated surface element 18 with a lower coefficient of friction than the respectively adjacent remaining guide surface 20.
- the integrated surface elements 18 each have at least one surface of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 or 5000 mm 2 and / or at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% of the associated guide surface, ie, the planar guide surface 16 is made up of at least one integ rationed surface element 18 and the respectively adjacent remaining surface 20 (the coefficient of friction is higher than that of the at least one surface element) of the guide surface 16 together. Thanks to the lower coefficient of friction of the integrated surface elements 18, the average coefficient of friction of the entire guide surface 16 is significantly lower than the coefficient of friction of the surface 20 adjacent to the integrated surface elements 18, and causes a comparatively low floating in a method of the carriage 6. Thus, the amount of oil for
- Lubrication of the sliding guide should be smaller.
- at least one of the guide surfaces 16 of the or each slide 12 has a plurality of integrated, distributed surface elements 18 with a lower coefficient of friction than the respective adjacent guide surface 20.
- the surface elements 18 can basically be distributed arbitrarily. In practice, however, it has been shown that a symmetrical distribution is advantageous, since in this case also the absorption of the normal forces takes place symmetrically. Tilting of the mutually facing guide surfaces 18 can thus be effectively prevented.
- Fig. 3 for example, an island-shaped distribution of the integrated
- Fig. 5 shows a distribution of the integrated Surface elements 18 in the manner of a profile of a car tire.
- the distribution of the integrated surface elements in relation to the remaining guide surface can also be configured in reverse.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene, and the respective adjacent guide surface 20 made of a synthetic resin, in particular polyester resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, vinyl ester resin or acrylic resin, or has the corresponding components in
- Guide surfaces 16 with or from the aforementioned components have, at least on average, particularly low friction coefficients. It is possible that the or each surface element 18 with a lower coefficient of friction has a coefficient of friction of in particular less than 0.15 or 0.1, and the respective adjacent guide surface 20 has a preferably significantly higher coefficient of friction. Other pairings of coefficients of friction are also conceivable, in particular to keep the sometimes high loads of a sliding guide 12 of a grinding machine 2 state. Even if the Lmear Adjust 10 to the usual loads of
- Guide surfaces 16, 17 of the respective Gleitschreibung 12 leads.
- the material of the or each surface element 18 with a lower coefficient of friction lower strength and / or lower stiffness than material of each adjacent remainder
- Guide surface 20 give something, so that essentially only the respective adjacent remaining guide surfaces 20 experience the actual mechanical friction. These are due to their higher strength and / or stiffness
- ⁇ lRAMsnut 22 is interrupted. Such ⁇ lchucksnut 22 is shown in Figures 5 and 6. This ⁇ lchucksnut 22 takes a here
- the ⁇ lmachiningsnut 22 is supplied through a, in particular rearward, oil supply channel 23 oil. If the sliding guide 12 is a hydrodynamic sliding guide 12, it is possible by means of the oil supply groove 22 to keep the amount of oil introduced into the lubricant receiving space 28 very low, in particular to a minimum.
- the "protected" surface elements 18 with a lower coefficient of friction provide the necessary lubricity of the associated sliding guide 12. Due to the introduced into the lubricant chamber 28, small amount of oil and due to the low coefficient of friction of the aforementioned surface elements 18 occurs even at higher relative speeds between the Guide surfaces 16, 17. Only at low speeds or at a standstill, which prevents the surface elements 18 with a lower coefficient of friction
- the amount of oil to be introduced into the lubricant accommodating space 28 depends on the respective actual loads of the sliding guide 12.
- the guide surfaces 16, 17 are wetted at least with an oil film. To ensure this, it is beneficial when in the
- Lubricant receiving space 28 between the guide surfaces 16, 17 by means of ⁇ lmakerssnut 22 continuously and / or consumption-dependent amount of oil is introduced.
- this amount is preferably less than 0.1 l / h / 100 cm 2 , 0.2 l / h / 100 cm 2 , 0.5 l / h / 100 cm 2 , 1 l / h / 100 cm 2 , 2 l / h / 100 cm 2 or 5 l / h / 100 cm 2 (each based on a guide surface), and / or the oil pressure preferably less than 1 bar, preferably less than 0.3 bar. Also in the field of grinding machines, there is a fundamental desire to design them as compact as possible.
- FIG. 7 such a variant of the grinding machine 2 according to the invention is shown as a detail. Thereafter, the size of the grinding machine 2 can be kept as compact as possible by one of the guide surfaces 16 of the (or each) sliding guide 12 associated with the carriage 6.
- the same advantage is achieved when one of the guide surfaces 17 of the (or each) slide guide 12 is associated with the frame 4.
- the advantages of such a compact grinding machine 2 do not always predominate. In general, the cost of manufacture and assembly are too
- a sliding guide 14 as shown in FIG. 7 for absorbing the transverse forces
- Such a sliding guide 14 in each case comprises a guideway part 26, to which a guide surface 16 belonging to the respective sliding guide 14 is assigned.
- the guide track part 26 can be produced separately with the associated guide surface 16. In this case, very high accuracies can be achieved with a comparatively low production outlay.
- a sliding guide with a guide track part 26 it can be both a Gleitschreibung 12 for receiving normal forces and, as shown in Fig. 7, a sliding guide 14 for absorbing transverse forces.
- the sliding guide 14 has only one guideway part 26, but it is also possible that the or each slide 12, 14 each comprise a guideway part pair with two facing guideway parts 26, wherein one of the guideway parts 26 one of respective sliding guides 14 associated guide surface 16 and the other guide track part the other of the respective sliding guides 14 associated guide surface 17 is assigned.
- a sliding guide 14 with at least one guideway part 26 is not only particularly precise and inexpensive to produce. Such a sliding guide 14 also offers the advantage that a particularly precise guidance of the carriage 6 in
- Guidance F is guaranteed, because even existing manufacturing tolerances can be compensated by a subsequent alignment of the guideway part 26.
- Adjusting means 36 in particular a wedge, and due to the separate configuration of the guideway part 26 set particularly accurate and precise.
- the distance between the guide surfaces 16, 17 is less than 20 ⁇ , 10 ⁇ or 5 ⁇ .
- the risk of permanent damage to the respective Gleitschreibung 12 increases in the occurrence of an overload and / or unforeseen large shocks or shocks.
- this risk is significantly lower when at least one guideway part 26 of the or each slide 12 is mounted resiliently and / or oscillatingly mounted on the frame 4 or the carriage 6.
- an arm 34 is fixed, which connects the guide rail part 26 with the carriage 6.
- the arm 34 is attached to the carriage 6 by means of a spring 38 biased screw 40.
- the arm 34 has its own elasticity. This makes it possible that the arm 34 can perform a pendulum motion relative to the carriage 6 and thus gives way in the event of an overload and / or simply adapts to the respective interface. In a particularly simple manner can thus be ensured that a
- FIG. 8 shows a further advantageous aspect of the grinding machine 2 according to the invention.
- this relates to the adaptability of the sliding guide 12.
- the rear side of the guide track part 26 is arched or crowned.
- the associated guide surface 17 determines the correct orientation to the opposite guide surface 16. From Fig. 8 it can also be seen that several
- Gleitschreibungen 12 can be combined with each other. Such combinations usually have a higher overall stiffness and can be produced more favorably.
- a plurality of the sliding guides 12 for receiving normal forces (or also for absorbing transverse forces) are arranged and / or are aligned in line with one another and / or parallel to one another. This variant can be realized in a particularly simple manner by each one of the guide surfaces 16 of the plurality arranged in alignment one behind the other
- Gleitschreibungen 12 is formed as a common continuous guide surface 16.
- the guide surface 17 facing the guide surface 17 of the respective slide guide 12 is formed separately. This is particularly easy by means of a respective guide track part 26 possible.
- such a linear guide 10 is particularly precise both because of the guide track parts 26 and because of the opposite, common continuous guide surface 16.
- the guide surfaces 16, 17 are produced by molding. In this way, it is particularly advantageous to provide a guide surface 16 with at least one integrated surface element 18 with a lower coefficient of friction than the respectively adjacent remaining guide surface 20. This is achieved in a particularly simple manner if the guide surfaces 16 are made of different plastics and / or of different plastic materials and molded together.
- a further aspect of the invention therefore relates to the method for producing a guide surface 16, 17.
- a preferred embodiment of this method is shown in FIGS. 9a to 9d.
- This is a process for producing a Guide surface 16, 17 on a guide member 42, by means of a forming template 44, which has a frame 46 and at least one extending between the frame 46 web 48, so that between the frame 46 and the web 48 at least a first recess 50 for a first type of Plastic and at least one second recess 52 is formed for a second type of plastic, and by means of an impression die 54, which has a bearing surface 56, wherein the method comprises the steps of: applying a release agent on the mold template 44 and the impression jig 54, placing the Shaping template 44 and the impression jig 54 on the guide member 42, wherein the template 44 is placed between a guide side 58 of the guide member 42 and the support surface 56 of the impression jig 54, introducing a first type of plastic in the at least one first recess 50,
- the forming template 44 is shown in Fig. 9a and along a section A-A in Fig. 9b.
- the web 48 extends between the inner side surfaces of the frame 46 such that the inner surface defined by the frame 46 is subdivided into the first recess 50 and into the second recess 52.
- the web can be fixed with both ends on the same inner side of the frame 46.
- the web 48 may also extend from an inner side of the frame 46 to another inner side of the frame 46.
- the forming template 44 has a plurality of webs 48, so that also form a plurality of first recesses 50 and a plurality of two second recesses 52.
- the web 48 is preferably designed in such a way that the recesses in a sectional plane, for example, cutting plane A-A, alternate. Other advantageous distributions of the recesses 50, 52 are also conceivable.
- the shaping template 44 has only a small thickness or thickness D.
- the thickness or thickness D of the shaping template 44 is preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm, more preferably between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.
- the term thickness D of the forming template 44 used below is 2 mm.
- the shaping template 44 have a constant thickness D, or the frame 46 and the web 48 have the same thickness D.
- the mold template 44 and / or the impression die 54 are subjected to a release agent.
- This release agent is designed in such a way that it prevents or minimizes adhesion and / or adhesion of the first and / or the second type of plastic to the forming template 44 and / or to the impression jig 54.
- the forming template 44 is placed on the guide member 42.
- the guide element 42 may have a trough 60 for this purpose.
- the surface of the trough 60 preferably corresponds to the maximum surface of the forming template 44.
- the trough 60 can therefore be adapted to the forming template 44.
- Form template 44 adapted.
- the depth T of the depression 60 is smaller than the thickness D of the molding template 44.
- the molding template 44 can be inserted or placed particularly advantageously into the depression 60 of the guide element 42. Slipping of the attached mold template 44 is effectively prevented in this way.
- the mold template 44 protrudes from the guide element. If the depth T of the trough 60 is, for example, 1.5 mm and the thickness D of the shaping template 44 is 2 mm, then the shaping template 44 protrudes by 0.5 mm in relation to the guide element in this case. Without that
- impression jig 54 can be placed so that the form template 44 between a guide side 58 of
- the impression-forming gauge 54 and the guide element are compressed at least to the extent that the contact surfaces 62 of the shaping template 44 lie flat against the impression-forming gauge 54 or against the guide element 42.
- the forming template 44 is preferably made of an elastic material. If the form template 44 is placed between the guide element 42 and the impression jig 54, the introduction of the plastics can take place. In this case, it is provided that a first type of plastic is introduced into the at least one first recess 50. This is possible in a particularly simple manner if the guide element 42 has a first supply channel 64 for the first type of plastic. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the guide member 42 has a second supply channel 66 for
- Introducing the second type of plastic in the at least one second recess 52 has. This can be particularly easily ensured by corresponding holes, as shown in Fig. 9c.
- the first supply channel 64 is arranged in such a way that it is connected to the first recess 50.
- the second supply channel 66 is arranged in such a way that it is connected to the second recess 52. If a total of a plurality of webs 48 and / or a plurality of recesses 50, 52 are provided, the number of
- Feed channels adapted accordingly.
- the first type of plastic or the first plastic preferably has one
- the guide surface 16, 17 produced by means of the method described above is therefore particularly suitable for the previously described grinding machine 2.
- curing of these plastics preferably takes place.
- the curing is preferably carried out until the plastics reach an intrinsic stability, which ensures that their shape at least substantially no longer changes when separating the impression jig 54 and / or the forming template 44. This is followed by the separation of the impression forming 54 and the
- Form template 44 of the guide member 42 wherein the first and the second type of plastic remain on the guide member 42 and the guide surface 16, 17 of the guide member 42 form.
- the guide surface 16, 17 is then configured corresponding to the support surface 56 of the impression jig.
- the surface quality of the guide surface 16, 17 can be determined in a particularly simple manner by means of the impression jig 54. this includes
- planarity and / or waviness of the guide surface Is it
- the support surface 56 of the impression forming 54 will be configured just.
- any geometric shapes of a guide surface 16, 17 can be produced.
- a cylindrical guide surface 16, 17 can be produced by the method.
- the support surface 56 of the impression forming 54 is cylindrical.
- Guide member 42 may thus be a carriage 6 of a linear guide 10. But it is also possible that the guide element 42 is a guide element of a different type of leadership. Instead of the one forming template 44, however, it is also possible to use a plurality of shaping templates for producing the guide surfaces 16, 17. A corresponding
- the impression jig 54 corresponds to the previously described impression jig 54. Its application can be correspondingly applied to this method.
- the method comprises the steps: applying a release agent to the
- Form templates 68, 78 and / or the impression die 54 placing the mold templates 68, 78 and the impression jig 54 on the guide element 42, wherein the mold templates 68, 78 between a guide side 58 of the guide member 42 and the support surface 56 of the impression jig 54 is placed, the second mold template 78 engages in the first mold template 68 and / or the first mold template 68 is included such that at least a first space 82 forms for a first type of plastic, introducing the first type of plastic into the at least one first space 82, separating the shape gauge 54 and the template molds 68, 78 from the guide element 42 , wherein the first type of plastic remains on the guide element 42 and forms at least part of the guide surface 16, 17 of the guide element 42, placing the impression jig 54 on the first type of plastic on the
- Plastic forms introducing a second type of plastic in the at least one second space 84, and / or separating the impression gauge 54 from the guide member 42, wherein the first and the second type of plastic remain on the guide member 42 and the guide surface 16, 17 of the Form guide element 42.
- the guide element 42 and the respective mold template 68, 78 have correspondingly configured fixing elements.
- the guide element 42 for example, have fixing holes, in the
- a guide surface 16, 17 can also be produced on a guide element 42 by means of the shaping templates 86, 96, as shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 lc.
- Impression jig 54 and the first mold template 86 of the guide member 42 wherein the first type of plastic remains on the guide member 42 and forms a first part of the guide surface 16, 17 of the guide member 42, applying a release agent to the second mold template 96 and / or the impression jig 54, placing the second mold template 96 and the impression gauge 54 on the guide elements 42, wherein the second mold template 96 between the guide side 58 of
- Guiding member 42 and the support surface 56 of the form 54 is placed and wherein the second mold template 96 between the first type of plastic 106 on the guide member 42 engages and / or the first type of plastic 106 on the
- Guide member 42 at least partially includes, so that forms a space 104 for the second type of plastic, introducing a second type of plastic in the at least one space 104 for the second type of plastic, and / or separating the impression jig 54 and the second mold template 96th from the guide element 42, wherein the first type of plastic 106 and the second type of plastic 108 remain on the guide element 42 and form the guide surface 16, 17 of the guide element 42.
- FIGS. 9a to 10c also apply to the latter method.
- the impression die 54 is used in the manner for the method, as it was explained for the method to Figs. 9a to 9d and Fig. 10a to 10c. Furthermore, the dimensions and / or other features, in particular characteristics of the template 44, as they are for the
- the guide element 42 For the introduction of the plastics 106, 108, the guide element 42, as has already been explained above, have a first supply channel 64 and a second supply channel 66. Alignment should be done as previously explained.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
- Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2012/001069 WO2013131534A1 (de) | 2012-03-09 | 2012-03-09 | Schleifmaschine mit gleitführung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2823190A1 true EP2823190A1 (de) | 2015-01-14 |
Family
ID=46001108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12716221.2A Ceased EP2823190A1 (de) | 2012-03-09 | 2012-03-09 | Schleifmaschine mit gleitführung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2823190A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6343566B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN104160165B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013131534A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105179904A (zh) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | 一种顶推滑块强制润滑装置及其润滑方法 |
| JP7391647B2 (ja) | 2019-12-10 | 2023-12-05 | 株式会社三井ハイテック | 研削盤、研削盤を用いた研削方法及び研削盤の案内機構の加工方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT362149B (de) * | 1979-03-14 | 1981-04-27 | Faigle Heinz Kg | Kunststoff/kunststoff-paarungen in tribo- logischen systemen |
| US4773769A (en) * | 1986-08-25 | 1988-09-27 | Jones & Lamson Precision Optical Co., Inc. | Slide structure and method of assembly thereof |
| GB8709290D0 (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1987-05-20 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Precision motion slideways |
| EP0304090B1 (de) * | 1987-08-20 | 1994-07-27 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrostatische Lagerung für Gleitschiene |
| JP3194590B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-11 | 2001-07-30 | 豊田工機株式会社 | 可動体の案内装置 |
| AT402092B (de) * | 1994-04-13 | 1997-01-27 | Schaider Josef Ing | Linearführung |
| JPH08170636A (ja) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-07-02 | Nikon Corp | リニアガイドユニット |
| DE19648594A1 (de) * | 1996-11-23 | 1998-05-28 | Blohm Maschinenbau Gmbh | Hydrostatische Schlittenführung |
| JPH10263964A (ja) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-10-06 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | 滑り案内装置 |
| JP4396794B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-21 | 2010-01-13 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 移動体の直線案内装置 |
| JP2002106565A (ja) * | 2000-10-03 | 2002-04-10 | Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd | 複合スライドプレート |
| JP4190738B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-07 | 2008-12-03 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 工作機械における半浮上式スライド案内機構 |
| CN2644094Y (zh) * | 2003-09-03 | 2004-09-29 | 邱建平 | 石材磨光机的摆动横梁自适应调整水平装置 |
| JP4492200B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-28 | 2010-06-30 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 案内装置 |
| JP4817843B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-28 | 2011-11-16 | 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 | 移動体の案内装置 |
| JP2007239866A (ja) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-20 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | すべり軸受 |
| JP2009192036A (ja) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 滑り案内方式の直動案内装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-03-09 WO PCT/EP2012/001069 patent/WO2013131534A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2012-03-09 JP JP2014560252A patent/JP6343566B2/ja active Active
- 2012-03-09 CN CN201280071243.3A patent/CN104160165B/zh active Active
- 2012-03-09 EP EP12716221.2A patent/EP2823190A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2013131534A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104160165B (zh) | 2017-11-24 |
| JP6343566B2 (ja) | 2018-06-13 |
| JP2015510843A (ja) | 2015-04-13 |
| WO2013131534A1 (de) | 2013-09-12 |
| CN104160165A (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
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