EP2836358A2 - Feuille perforée - Google Patents

Feuille perforée

Info

Publication number
EP2836358A2
EP2836358A2 EP13728927.8A EP13728927A EP2836358A2 EP 2836358 A2 EP2836358 A2 EP 2836358A2 EP 13728927 A EP13728927 A EP 13728927A EP 2836358 A2 EP2836358 A2 EP 2836358A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
longitudinal
perforated
film body
bars
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13728927.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Gahleitner
Harald Katzinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teufelberger GmbH
Original Assignee
Teufelberger GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teufelberger GmbH filed Critical Teufelberger GmbH
Publication of EP2836358A2 publication Critical patent/EP2836358A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D28/00—Producing nets or the like, e.g. meshes, lattices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
    • B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
    • B29C55/14—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial successively
    • B29C55/143—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial successively firstly parallel to the direction of feed and then transversely thereto

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a perforated film wherein a film body is produced from a plastic melt, are introduced into the thin areas and / or slots or at least approximately produced lattice-shaped and then the film body to a structure with longitudinal bars, which by cross bars with each other are connected, is stretched, in particular biaxially in a longitudinal direction and in a transverse direction, and a perforated foil with a plastic film body of longitudinal bars and transverse bars is formed, wherein the longitudinal bars are interconnected by the transverse bars, wherein between the longitudinal bars and the transverse bars Breakthroughs are formed.
  • lattice-like By the term at least approximately lattice-like is meant a set of lattice cells which are defined by a set of lattice points interconnected by a set of lattice lines. At least approximately indicates that the grid cells, due to the manufacturing process, do not necessarily have to be all the same size and shape.
  • the latticed structure may be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
  • the term "thin spot" is understood to mean a region of the film body which has a reduced layer thickness with respect to a maximum layer thickness of the perforated film, in particular a layer thickness reduced by at least 50% of the maximum layer thickness of the perforated film To produce hole foils by the introduction of slots in a film and then stretching the film.
  • DE 19 19 876 B1 describes a method in which a thermoplastic film is provided with slots which lie in substantially parallel rows, which are staggered with respect to one another, and this slit film is then heated until softening. The film is stretched prior to slitting the slits to produce a shrinkage stress substantially transverse to the slits. Further, the heating is carried out after cutting the slits to a degree of softening in which the Plastic film shrinks in the area of the slots to form openings automatically thickened webs and knots.
  • JP 10-072837 A describes a method in which a plastic melt is introduced between embossing rollers, wherein the embossing rollers produce a plastic layer which has raised and recessed areas. On the recessed areas a color of a metal powder is printed, so that the absorption of heat radiation is increased in these areas. By subsequent biaxial stretching under heat, the breakthroughs are finally produced in the plastic layer.
  • DE 27 41 591 A1 describes a method for the continuous production of three-dimensional lattices from a sheet of thermoplastic material, after which rows of parallel cuts are made, each row being separated from the adjacent row by an uncut portion, and then the foil is stretched at a draw ratio of 1.1 to 3 in the transverse direction.
  • thermoplastic films After which the film is mechanically stressed and pressed with the tip of a heated blade against a support member while the film is stretched, the upper part of the Blade is heated to a temperature which is higher than the softening temperature of the film, and the tip is removed after penetrating the film.
  • the blades may be arranged on a slot roll.
  • the film is stretched longitudinally and, alternatively, may additionally be stretched in a different direction. It is thus obtained an apertured film.
  • GB 1,083,847 A describes a process for producing a thermoplastic film of plastic having an open structure, after which the film is perforated at an elevated temperature and then biaxially stretched.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a perforated film, after which the perforated film can be easily adapted to a wide variety of applications.
  • This object of the invention is achieved by the aforementioned method and by the above-mentioned perforated foil, wherein provided by the method that the proportion of the material of the plastic is unevenly divided on the longitudinal bars and the cross bars and in the perforated film, the material content of the plastic on the film body is unevenly divided on the longitudinal bars and the cross bars.
  • the advantage here is that the elasticity of the perforated film in this direction can be reduced by the higher proportion of material in one direction, this reduction also affects the elasticity in the direction orthogonal to the first direction, so that a total of a perforated film is obtained with reduced elasticity.
  • the perforated film also has in the direction of the higher proportion of material also improved mechanical strength, in particular by train on.
  • the plastic melt is processed to divide the plastic on the longitudinal bars and the cross bars with a profiled molding tool before the stretching is performed. So it is the profiling before drawing.
  • This has the advantage that in the case of extrusion of the plastic melt, the extruder die can remain unchanged.
  • the plastic melt can be distributed such that a higher proportion of the plastic melt is present in a longitudinal direction of the film body than in a transverse direction of the film body, in other words the longitudinal bars have a higher proportion of material to the plastic than the transverse bars. It is thus achieved that one higher tensile force can be applied to the film in the longitudinal direction, whereby the settlement of the winding core can be done faster. In addition, it is possible that due to the higher load capacity in the longitudinal direction of the perforated foil tighter fitting can be used on a product.
  • At least partially thickenings are formed around the openings. It can thus be increased the degree of stretching, since there is less risk of tearing of the film in the region of the openings during stretching. However, it can also be used to increase the drawing speed, as a result of which the mechanical properties of the perforated film can be influenced.
  • the transverse stretching of the film body is carried out after the longitudinal stretching.
  • the speed of the longitudinal stretching can be increased, whereby improved mechanical properties of the perforated foil can be achieved.
  • the film body is heated during the hiding.
  • tempering the formability of the plastic is improved so that it can be stretched faster and / or to a higher degree.
  • the film body is relaxed or relaxed after hiding. It is thus achieved a stabilization of the structure produced and a controlled adjustment of the elongation of the perforated film.
  • a reduction of the shrinkage of the film body is achieved, whereby the shrinkage stress occurring at the winding core, on which the perforated film is wound up after processing, can be reduced. It is thus possible to make the winding cores thin-walled, since the pressure acting on them is lower in comparison to known stretched hole foils. It is thus a reduction of Wall thickness of the winding core and thus a corresponding cost and weight savings and a reduction of the waste feasible.
  • the longitudinal side edges of the film body may be produced with an edge reinforcement, in particular a thickening, in order thereby to increase the elongation of the perforated film, i. the strain in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal extent
  • the perforated foil may alternatively or in addition to the edge reinforcement have a center reinforcement, wherein center reinforcement means a reinforcement in the region between the two longitudinal side edges.
  • center reinforcement can be done by the thickening and / or broadening of at least one, formed between the two longitudinal side edges longitudinal bar, wherein more than one
  • Longitudinal bar e.g. two, three, four, etc. can be strengthened.
  • at least one non-reinforced longitudinal bar can be arranged between the reinforced longitudinal bars.
  • the arrangement of the or the reinforced longitudinal bar or longitudinal bars can be effected symmetrically or asymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the perforated foil.
  • Reinforcement in one or more areas of the perforated foil can also be done by increasing the number of longitudinal bars in that area (s). That is, the distance between the longitudinal bars to each other is reduced, whereby it comes in this / this area (s) to a material accumulation, associated with a concomitant increase in strength.
  • at least one of the surfaces of the film body is surface-treated, in particular roughened. It can thus be influenced the sliding behavior of the perforated film. This is particularly advantageous in applications of the perforated film in which it is automatically withdrawn from the winding core into a processing device, since this prevents the perforated film from being pushed in the feed, so that the feed can be improved in the application.
  • the lubricity of the perforated foil can be reduced or even increased.
  • roughening can be used to achieve a functional surface preparation.
  • the transverse bars it is possible for the transverse bars to be arranged centrally on the longitudinal bars with respect to a film thickness. This is particularly advantageous if the film is used in connection with flexible or yielding goods or products, as this can better press the longitudinal bars in the goods or products and thus a closer concern of the perforated film can be reached, among other things in view of the above-mentioned temperature load is advantageous.
  • a three-dimensional shaping of the perforated foil is made possible in the loaded state.
  • the cross bars are arranged off-center - with respect to a film thickness - on the longitudinal bars, whereby a flat contact surface or compared to the central arrangement a slight curl of the perforated film is achieved in their use.
  • this is advantageous if the perforated film is used in connection with rigid goods.
  • it can also be achieved with respect to the power flow in the transverse direction an improvement.
  • the perforated film may have thick areas between the openings. It is thus a targeted adjustment of the power flow in the hole film in their use achievable, whereby the perforated film can be applied under higher voltage and thus holds the products surrounded by the perforated film tighter. It is also advantageous if a widened edge without breakthroughs is formed as a welded edge on the perforated film along the longitudinal side edges, since it is thus possible to provide very large width of the perforated foil without significantly greater effort in the production and the machine equipment.
  • the longitudinal bars bordering on the longitudinal side edges of the film body can have a larger cross section than the longitudinal bars arranged centrally in the film body. It is thus also the stretching can be improved by the film can be stretched within a shorter time, as thus an improved clamping or holding the side edges during hiding can be achieved.
  • perforated films in which the number of apertures in the film body is selected from a range with a lower limit of 100 breakthroughs / m 2 and an upper limit of 10,000 breakthroughs / m 2 and / or in which the openings have a size - viewed in plan view - which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 10 mm 2 and an upper limit of 1000 cm 2 .
  • the perforated film can therefore be used in a wide variety of applications.
  • FIG. 1 shows a detail of a first embodiment of a perforated film in plan view.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of a second embodiment of a perforated foil in plan view
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of a third embodiment of a perforated foil in plan view; 4 shows various patterns for producing a perforated foil in plan view; 5 shows a variant of a perforated foil in cross section;
  • Fig. 6 shows a first embodiment of the material distribution of the plastic melt for
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment variant of a breakthrough of the perforated foil in plan view
  • FIG. 12 shows an off-center connection of the transverse rods with the longitudinal rods
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of a section of a perforated foil for explaining the determination of the proportions in the longitudinal and the transverse rods.
  • the perforated foil 1 has a foil body 2 made of a plastic, ie a polymer.
  • This film body 2 may have a film thickness selected from a range of 0.01 mm to 5 mm, in particular from a range of 0.01 mm to 3 mm, wherein, as will be explained below, the film body 2 over its entire surface does not have to have an at least approximately constant film thickness.
  • the film body 2 is formed of longitudinal bars 3 and 4 of transverse bars, wherein the transverse bars 4 connect the longitudinal bars 3 together.
  • the cross bars 4 extend in these embodiments, at least approximately orthogonal to the longitudinal bars 3.
  • the cross bars 4 are also possible embodiments in which the
  • Transverse rods 4 extend at a different angle of 90 0 to the longitudinal rods. 3
  • This angle may in particular be selected from a range of 25 0 to 85 °, preferably from a range of 30 0 to 75 °.
  • this angle may be at least approximately or at least approximately 45 0 60 0th
  • the plastic or the polymer is a thermoplastically processable material, in particular a thermoplastic or a thermoplastic elastomer, and may for example be selected from a group comprising PE (HDPE, UMHDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, MDPE), PP (isotactic, atactic), PS , PET, PA and mixtures and compounds thereof, such as PE / PP. In general, however, other extendible polymers can be used. Also
  • Biopolymers ie non-petroleum-based, synthetic polymers, ie polymers derived from natural raw materials, such as from corn or starch, can be used, provided that they are stretchable. Recyclates (of the polymers) can also be used.
  • the material for producing the perforated film 1, the usual additives to achieve certain properties, for example, the UV resistance, or auxiliary materials for processing. Reference is made to the relevant prior art. Between the longitudinal bars 3 and the transverse bars 4 breakthroughs 5, so the holes of the perforated foil 1, formed, that is, the openings are surrounded in the plane of the film body 2 by the longitudinal bars 3 and the transverse bars 4.
  • the openings 5 may, for example, have an oval or elliptical (FIG. 1), a diamond-shaped or diamond-shaped (FIG. 2) or a square (FIG. 3) cross-section - viewed in plan view.
  • FIG. 1 oval or elliptical
  • FIG. 2 diamond-shaped or diamond-shaped
  • FIG. 3 square
  • cross-sectional shapes are possible, such as e.g. triangular, rectangular, round, trapezoidal, or generally in the form of rotationally symmetric quadrilaterals, hexagonal, etc. have.
  • the apertures 5 are arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction of the perforated sheet 1.
  • the rows are untransposed or offset from one another, as can be seen, for example, from FIGS. 1 and 2 or FIG. 3.
  • the rows of openings 5 may be offset by half the distance between the centers of the openings 5.
  • every third or every fourth row can be offset in the longitudinal direction of the perforated foil 1 with respect to the other rows.
  • each row of apertures 5 may be staggered.
  • the size of the offset may also differ from the example value of 50%.
  • the value of the offset may be selected from a range of 20% to 80%, based on the respective neighbor row.
  • the value of the offset of the rows in the perforated film may also vary, so that, for example, rows of 50% and rows of 30% offset may be present in a perforated sheet 1.
  • the perforated foil 1 can have between 100 breakthroughs / m 2 and 10,000 breakthroughs / m 2 , wherein the number depends on the use of the perforated foil 1.
  • the perforated foil 1 can have between 100 breakthroughs / m 2 and 500 breakthroughs / m 2 or between 600 breakthroughs / m 2 and 2500 breakthroughs / m 2 or between 3,000 breakthroughs / m 2 and 7,500 breakthroughs / m 2 or between 8,000 breakthroughs / m 2 and 10,000 breakthroughs / m 2 .
  • the apertures 5 may have a size - viewed in plan view - which is selected from a range with a lower limit of 10 mm 2 and an upper limit of 1000 cm 2 . Also with respect to the size of the openings 5, this depends on the use of the perforated sheet 1. For example, the size of the apertures 5 between 10 mm 2 and 199 mm 2 or between 200 mm 2 and 2000 mm 2 or between 2001 mm 2 and 100000 mm 2 be. The number or size of the openings 5 depends on the required properties, such as the permeability or the mechanical properties.
  • Possible fields of application of the perforated film 1 are, for example, the holding together or retention of piece goods or goods in general, in which case apertures 5 with a smaller cross-sectional area can be used for small piece goods and apertures 5 with a larger cross-sectional area for coarse general cargo, in palletizing of goods, as a protective film, eg in orchards against birds, as a windscreen, as a hail protection film (even in these last-mentioned application of the perforated film 1, the cross-sectional area of the apertures is chosen smaller, but the number of apertures 5 per m 2 perforated film 1 can be higher) , as (ski) piste barrier, as a barrier of construction sites, as a rockfall protection film, as sound insulation film, as a film for applying turf, as a reinforcing film, as a sub-base in geotextiles, etc.
  • the perforated film 1 for industrial applications or in the production of food and Feed presented be seen.
  • the apertures 5 are not punched out of the film body 2 in the final geometry or the apertures 5 are not cut out of the film body 2 in the finished geometry. Instead, the film is slit, ie provided with slots 6, or partially provided with thin areas and then stretched.
  • the final or finished geometry designates the geometry that the breakthroughs 5 in the finished
  • a punching tool can also be used for the insertion of the slots 6 or of the thin bodies.
  • FIG. 4 shows, by way of example, some patterns for slots 6 or thin spots or weakenings in the film body 2.
  • the slots 6 may be straight, arcuate or cross-shaped or made as combinations of these patterns. You can fishbone-like, zigzag-shaped, in the direction of the longitudinal extent or transversely to the longitudinal extent of the film body 2, etc. are arranged. It is also possible that the course of the slots 6, which are arranged in rows, for example, of arcuate slots 6, in every second row or generally every x-th row is reversed, as can be seen from Fig. 4.
  • the cutting patterns shown in FIG. 4 are not restrictive but rather the cutting patterns are based on the desired geometry of the apertures 5.
  • the cutting patterns shown in FIG. 4 are based on the desired geometry of the apertures 5.
  • the slots 6 and thin spots can be rotated, for example, formed in the film body 2 to the illustration in Fig. 4 through 90 0 to a different angle or.
  • the introduction of the slots 6 can be done for example with a cutting roller, but preferably the slots 6 are cut with a laser.
  • the slots 6 can be produced continuously through the film body 2, but on the other hand it is also possible for the slots 6 to be designed only as depressions, which subsequently act as a predetermined breaking point during stretching.
  • the proportion of material of the plastic or of the polymer on the film body 2 is unevenly divided in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction of the perforated film 1, ie unevenly on the longitudinal bars 3 and the transverse bars 4, based on the total material content of the perforated film 1.
  • the cross bars 4 it is possible to provide the cross bars 4 with a higher proportion of material.
  • the longitudinal bars 3 have a higher proportion of material on the plastic than the transverse bars 4.
  • the material in nodes 7 formed by the longitudinal bars 3 and the transverse bars 4 (indicated as a dashed circle in FIG. 1, their shape being based on the perforation pattern of FIG Perforated film 1) is divided on the longitudinal bars 3 and the cross bars 4 as explained below.
  • the proportion of material in the longitudinal direction is understood as meaning that proportion of the total proportion of the polymer or the plastic present in the longitudinal bars 3. Accordingly, the proportion of material in the transverse direction denotes that proportion of the total proportion of the polymer or the plastic which is present in the transverse rods 4.
  • the longitudinal direction refers to the direction in which the perforated foil 1 has the greatest extent. Usually, this is also the production direction of the perforated film 1.
  • the longitudinal is indistinguishable from the orthogonal transverse direction means the different material distribution on the longitudinal bars 3 and the cross bars 4, that proportion the material is larger in one of the two directions than in the other.
  • the division of the material in the two directions, in particular in the ratio longitudinal bars 3: transverse bars 4, can in particular be selected from a range of 40% by weight: 60% by weight to 60% by weight: 40% by weight, excluding the ratio 50% by weight: 50% by weight.
  • the proportion may be 80% by weight: 20% by weight.
  • the distribution can also be selected in a ratio of from 70% by weight: 30% by weight to 90% by weight: 10% by weight. It can thus hole films 1 are produced, which have a fineness of the longitudinal bars 3 and the cross bars 4 of up to 7 g / in the longitudinal and or transverse direction.
  • the tenacity is calculated as follows:
  • the elongation at break can be up to 30%, based on the initial length.
  • each longitudinal bar 3 has a higher proportion of material than the individual transverse bars.
  • individual longitudinal bars 3, in particular the longitudinal bars 3 formed centrally in the foil body 2 have no higher proportion of material as the individual cross bars, as long as the described condition for the sum proportion is fulfilled.
  • the longitudinal bars 3 all have the same cross-section both in terms of shape and in terms of size of the area. In addition, they are distributed at equal intervals 8 to each other over a width 9 of the perforated sheet 1.
  • distances 10, 11 and 12 are formed between the longitudinal bars 3, each having a different value.
  • three longitudinal bars 3 adjacent to the longitudinal side edges of the perforated foil 1 extending in each case three longitudinal bars 3 (it may also be a different number of longitudinal bars 3 are arranged in the edge region, for example, two, four, five, six, etc.) in the smaller distance 11 (with respect formed on the further distances 10, 12). Thereafter follows the longitudinal bar 3 with the largest distance 10. In the middle of the longitudinal bars 3 are again with the smaller distance 12, which is greater than the distance 11, arranged to each other. It is thus a gain of the edge area achieved by the higher relative number of longitudinal bars, which can be achieved on the one hand advantages in terms of stretching but also with regard to the subsequent use of the perforated sheet 1.
  • FIG. 6 has only exemplary character.
  • Other variants with different distances 10 to 12 and / or different sizes of the cross-sectional areas of the longitudinal bars 3 are also possible.
  • the profiling is shown only on one side, ie on the upper side of the film body 2, it is also possible within the scope of the invention to provide this profiling on two sides, ie also on the underside of the film body 2.
  • the uneven distribution of the proportion of material in the polymer on the longitudinal bars 3 and the cross bars 4 can be achieved by the cross-sectional areas of the bars are different from each other, for example, the longitudinal bars 3 have a larger cross-sectional area than the cross bars.
  • the respective rods, that is, for example, the longitudinal bars 3 have a greater height and / or width than the transverse bars.
  • the uneven distribution can also be achieved in that the number of longitudinal bars 3 is higher than the number of transverse bars 4, based on one square meter area of the perforated foil 1.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal bars 3 and / or the transverse bars 4 may preferably be round, oval , triangular, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped, or generally be in the form of a rotationally symmetrical quadrilateral. But there are also other cross-sectional shapes, such as hexagonal, octagonal, etc. possible.
  • Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of a breakthrough 5 in the perforated foil 1.
  • Breakthrough 5 has in principle a square (or quadrangular) outer shape but in the middle of the opening 5 a part of the film body 2 was left, which is connected via the transverse webs 4 with the film body 2 surrounding the opening 5.
  • the opening 5 is thus partially “covered", so that the cross-sectional area of the opening 5 is reduced.
  • ⁇ br/> ⁇ br/> It is advantageous with such an embodiment of the perforated foil 1 that the direction of force flow can be better distributed to the longitudinal bars 3 in the case of mechanical stress on the perforated foil 1. Since the apertures 5 occupy a relatively large area, however, the openings 5 through the remaining part of the film body 2 in the middle of the opening can also be used for relatively small piece goods, thus also achieving better moisture protection in various applications.
  • the aperture 5 can also be considered differently in FIG. 7, namely that it is composed of four apertures with trapezoidal cross section, are offset in the manner of a rectangle at 90 0 to each other arranged (in the circumferential direction of the opening) are.
  • FIG. 8 shows a simplified embodiment of a device 13 for producing the perforated foil 1.
  • This comprises an extruder 14 with a metering device 15 for
  • another device for melting the raw material can be used, as is known from the prior art.
  • a slot die 16 is arranged, from which the molten polymer is already led out like a film, as is known per se.
  • the slot die 16 may have a correspondingly profiled cross-section in order to allow the above-described described different material distribution by the longitudinal bars 3 broader and / or higher (thicker) are formed.
  • a rolling mill 17 (calender) is arranged, which comprises a plurality of rollers 18.
  • the polymer melt is cooled, as is also known from the prior art for film production.
  • the film body 2 is passed between in each case 2 rolls 18 arranged at a small distance from each other.
  • At least one of the rollers can be designed as a cutting roller with which the slots 6 (FIG. 4) are introduced into the film body 2.
  • at least one of the rollers 18 may be a molding tool (two cooperating rollers 18 may be correspondingly profiled, so that the processing of the film body 2 from above and from below, ie from two sides) with the in the film body.
  • the profiling of the roller (s) 18 results in displacement (squeezing) of the melt or solidified plastic film and thus targeted material distribution depending on the application of the perforated foil 1, so that the longitudinal bars 3 and / or the cross bars 4 are formed.
  • the material may be present as a semi-finished product in the process for further processing according to weight percent distributions described above.
  • a cutting device 19 may be arranged between the slot die 16 and the rolling mill 17 or after the rolling mill 17, in particular a laser cutting device, with which the slots 6 can likewise be introduced into the film body 2. It can take place in the rolling mill 17 already the longitudinal stretching of the film body by a corresponding tensile force is applied in the longitudinal direction to the film body 2. Preferably, however, is stretched after the shaping of the perforated sheet 1.
  • a stretching table 20 or a stretching device is arranged, in which the width of the film body 2 is stretched, on which the apertures 5 essentially receive their final shape.
  • a relaxation device 21 in which the perforated film can be relaxed. This can for example be designed as a multi-zone temperature control.
  • the winding of the perforated foil onto a winding core 22 takes place in a winding device 23 as well as the packaging of the perforated foil 1.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment variant of the stretching table 20.
  • This comprises two lateral guides 24, 25, for example obliquely placed rails, in which the film body 2, which has already been stretched longitudinally, is guided.
  • the lateral guides 24, 25 may comprise gripping elements or clamping elements with which the film body 2 is grasped during the width stretching or between which it is clamped.
  • the side guides 24, 25 may be pivotable, whereby an angle 26 can be adjusted, in which the side guides 24, 25 are oriented to the film body 2.
  • the film body 2 essentially has its final width 9.
  • the stretching table 20 can also comprise at least one heating device 27, for example IR emitters, which can or can be arranged above and / or below the film body 2 in the region between the side guides 24, 25.
  • the longitudinal stretching is carried out before the width is stretched. In principle, however, the longitudinal stretching can also take place after or simultaneously with the width stretching.
  • the degree of longitudinal stretching of the film body 2 may be selected from a range of 1: 1.5 to 1: 12.
  • the width extensor e.g. the stretching table 20, allows a variable stretching ratio in the range of 1: 1 to 1: 12.
  • the film body 2 can be stretched to a stretching ratio selected from this range.
  • the film can also be driven smoothly or structured from an extrusion die or a blow head into a calender, a water bath, via air cooling or onto a chill roll. From there, the film body can in a second step by mechanical embossing by heated or unheated rollers 18 or similar. Tools are brought into shape.
  • the film body 2 can be extruded and mechanical geometries introduced into it. This can be done by punching, pressing, cutting, embossing or weakening. By punching but not the finished trained breakthroughs 5 are generated.
  • plastic melt from the extruder for profiling i. for material distribution according to the above explanations, on a relief roller with from grazing he poured.
  • the stretching of the, in particular embossed, film web can - held on width - linear in the longitudinal direction.
  • the film body 2 can be stretched in the longitudinal direction conventionally stretching units and stretched in the transverse direction via a rolling device.
  • the perforated foil 1 it can be provided that at least individual, in particular all, apertures 5 are provided on one or both sides at least partially, in particular entirely, with an edge bead 28, ie a thickening, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG is indicated.
  • the longitudinal side edges of the film body 2 can be produced with a rim reinforcement 29, in particular a thickening or an edge bead, as shown in FIG.
  • a rim reinforcement 29 may optionally be formed in addition to or as an alternative to the edge reinforcement described above with reference to FIG. 6.
  • the arrangement of the edge reinforcement 29 also has advantages with regard to the guidance of the perforated film 1 in the stretching table 20 or the stretching device.
  • transverse rods 4 are arranged centrally in relation to a film thickness on the longitudinal bars 3 and connected to these, as shown in Fig. 11, or off-center, as shown in Fig. 12. This can be achieved for example by the above-described two-sided or one-sided profiling or shaping of the plastic melt.
  • a widened, preferably planar, welding edge 30 may be formed, as shown in Fig. 1 by dashed lines.
  • the marginal longitudinal bars 3 can thus be arranged at a distance from the longitudinal side edges of the film body 2.
  • the perforated film 1 can be surface-treated on at least one surface, for example matted or coated with a wax.
  • At least one of the surfaces of the perforated foil 1 can be roughened, for example with a microstructured (embossing) roller. If appropriate, this can be carried out as part of a matting of the perforated foil 1.
  • the roughening can be done in addition to see procedure also be carried out thermally or chemically. Combinations of at least two of these methods can also be used with each other.
  • the surface can also be leveled or smoothed. It is also possible for an (adhesion) adhesive to be applied to at least one of the surfaces of the perforated foil 1, for example in the form of a microvasculature.
  • a thick point 31 is understood to be a discrete region in the film body 2, which has a greater thickness than the transverse rods 4 and possibly a greater thickness than the longitudinal rods 3, so that in the latter case they protrude beyond the longitudinal rods 3.
  • the thick point 31 may also be formed in the form of a corrugated longitudinal profile 32, which extends approximately in the direction of the length of the film, as is also shown in Fig. 3 by dashed lines. It is also possible that this longitudinal profile at least partially encloses at least individual openings 5.
  • edge longitudinal bars 3 have a larger cross-section than the centrally arranged in the film body 2 longitudinal rods 3. It can be incorporated with the invention constructively and deliberately thick points and flats with one of Application adapted distribution. These thick and flat areas can be realized in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse direction of the perforated sheet 1. So it can be created in longitudinal and transverse changing material structures, profiles and film thicknesses. Fine structures for area protection and large holes for rough applications can be created.
  • multi-layered hole foils 1 wherein the plurality of layers can be processed simultaneously and with each other.
  • at least individual layers are made of a different polymer in order to give the perforated film a property mix of different materials.
  • fibers for example short fibers up to a length of 30 mm, to be incorporated into the plastic melt.
  • the polymer can be crosslinked during the production of the perforated sheet 1.
  • the perforated film 1 is in particular formed in one piece and not fibrillating or fibrillated. This prevents fiber residues from remaining in the respective product after removal of the perforated foil 1.
  • the perforated foil 1 also has a better cutting behavior and the elongation can be adjusted via the material distribution.
  • the distribution of the proportion of the plastic on the longitudinal bars 3 and the cross bars 4 is determined by the following method.
  • Hole edges 33 are marked with a horizontal straight line 34 and a vertical straight line 35, as shown in FIG.
  • the arrow to the right of the perforated foil 1 marks its longitudinal direction.
  • the horizontal and the vertical lines 34, 35 are at the hole edges 33, so represent tangents of the hole edges. This results in a clearly defined geometric shape (an orthogonal grid), which is subsequently removed in the processing of the sample and processed accordingly or analyzed. The measurement of the distribution is gravimetric.
  • the method of defining the edge surfaces is applicable regardless of the geometric distribution of the holes on the finished film. Thus, offset holes can be determined exactly without restriction.
  • the sample is prepared according to item 4 below.
  • Edge surfaces 36 of the removed form are attributed to the longitudinal bars 3 and the transverse bars 4 proportionally to 50 percent by weight.
  • FIG. 13 shows that the sample width 38 is selected such that it has two rows of holes 39 and two complete longitudinal bars 3. The longitudinal bars 3 are therefore not divided during the sampling.
  • the sample size must be min. 1000x1000 mm and be taken from the preloaded finished product.
  • the finished product has a perforated foil width 37 which is smaller than 1000 mm, then by juxtaposition, stack by row, edge to edge, several juxtaposed foil foil strips of width 1000 mm are to be produced.
  • test series at least 50 pieces of test specimens are to be evaluated.
  • a force in the longitudinal direction (vertical) of 5% of the breaking force and in the transverse direction (horizontal) a force of 5% of the breaking force is applied to the removed sample. If the sample straightens due to the applied force, gradually reduce the applied force until the test specimen lies flat. In the stretched state, the entire test piece is placed over the entire surface on a smooth, flat plate or a table biased.
  • the surface of the plate or the table is covered with a double-sided adhesive film over the entire surface. This ensures that the test specimen is prepared in a well-prepared position and the further test steps can be carried out. Regardless of the stretched length of the test sample, the measuring surface is 1000x1000 mm.
  • the fixed present and flat glued test piece is now in the methodology as described under point 1) by means of a thin marking pen (line width maximum 0.5 mm) provided with the dashed line in Fig. 13 drawn cut. Along the grid is cut with a scalpel or a standard, sharp utility knife.
  • the extracted surface does not contain edge surfaces 36, for example because the hole geometry is geometrically right-angled and quadrangular, there are thus no edge surfaces 36 (in the case that the hole geometry 4 has right angles) and Consequently, an allocation of the areas is not possible and given the clear attribution of the material in the transverse and longitudinal direction. If the geometry is such that it can be perfectly defined which parts can be attributed to the transverse and longitudinal direction, the step of dividing in the 50:50 percentage ratio is also eliminated.
  • the node material in the nodes 7 is corresponding to the ratio of a longitudinal bar width 40 of the cut longitudinal bars 3 to a transverse bar width 41 of the cut-out transverse bars 4 (each viewed in plan view of the perforated sheet 1, Fig. 13) on the longitudinal and transverse bars 3, 4 split.
  • the this hole series 39 assignable cross bars 4, which are the openings 5 of this row of holes 39 separate, seperate.
  • the resulting smaller measuring area is extrapolated to the measuring area of 1000 mm x 1000 mm after the measurement and the resulting additional material proportion is calculated according to the ratio of the measured material content of the longitudinal bars 3 to the measured material content of the transverse bars 4 on the longitudinal and the transverse bars 3, 4 divided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille perforée (1), consistant à fabriquer à partir d'une matière plastique fondue un corps de feuille (2) dans lequel des fentes (6) et/ou des zones minces sont ménagées ou qui est produit au moins approximativement sous la forme d'une grille ou pourvu d'une structure en forme de grille, le corps de feuille (2) étant ensuite étiré, de préférence biaxialement dans un sens longitudinal et un sens transversal, pour former une structure présentant des barres longitudinales (3) reliées entre elles par des barres transversales (4), des passages (5) étant ainsi ménagés. Selon l'invention, la quantité de matière plastique est répartie inégalement entre le sens longitudinal et le sens transversal du corps de feuille (2). L'invention concerne en outre une feuille perforée correspondante.
EP13728927.8A 2012-04-12 2013-04-08 Feuille perforée Withdrawn EP2836358A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT4402012 2012-04-12
PCT/AT2013/050080 WO2013152375A2 (fr) 2012-04-12 2013-04-08 Feuille perforée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2836358A2 true EP2836358A2 (fr) 2015-02-18

Family

ID=48626217

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13728927.8A Withdrawn EP2836358A2 (fr) 2012-04-12 2013-04-08 Feuille perforée

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2836358A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013152375A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1083847A (en) 1963-11-11 1967-09-20 Smith & Nephew Improvements in and relating to films of thermoplastic material and the like
DE1919876B1 (de) 1969-04-18 1970-12-23 Breveteam Sa Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Netzes oder eines eine Netzstruktur enthaltenden Gebildes aus einer thermoplastischen Kunststoff-Folie
US3985600A (en) 1971-07-09 1976-10-12 Consolidated-Bathurst Limited Method for slitting a film
FR2364754A1 (fr) 1976-09-16 1978-04-14 Cellophane Sa Procede de fabrication de treillis tridimensionnels continus en materiau thermoplastique et dispositifs de mise en oeuvre
GB8920843D0 (en) * 1989-09-14 1989-11-01 Plg Res Plastics material mesh structure
JPH1072837A (ja) 1996-08-30 1998-03-17 Takeshi Isshi コンクリート壁を構築する型枠
WO2006018028A1 (fr) * 2004-07-16 2006-02-23 Megaplast S.A. Film etirable
WO2012002704A2 (fr) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-05 Kolon Industries, Inc. Film de nylon pour sachet

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2013152375A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013152375A2 (fr) 2013-10-17
WO2013152375A3 (fr) 2014-04-03

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