EP2836632A1 - Nappes de microfibres et produits similaires au papier et leur procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Nappes de microfibres et produits similaires au papier et leur procédé de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP2836632A1
EP2836632A1 EP13718498.2A EP13718498A EP2836632A1 EP 2836632 A1 EP2836632 A1 EP 2836632A1 EP 13718498 A EP13718498 A EP 13718498A EP 2836632 A1 EP2836632 A1 EP 2836632A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
products
resin
gas
feinstfaservliesen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13718498.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2836632B1 (fr
Inventor
Ralf-Uwe Bauer
Bernd Riedel
Christoph KINDLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smartmelamine d o o
Original Assignee
AP fibre GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AP fibre GmbH filed Critical AP fibre GmbH
Priority to SI201330433A priority Critical patent/SI2836632T1/sl
Publication of EP2836632A1 publication Critical patent/EP2836632A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2836632B1 publication Critical patent/EP2836632B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ultrafine fiber webs and paper-like products which comprise surface-deposited, fibrous flake formations of glass-like solidified, reactive and capable of polymer formation low molecular weight resin melts.
  • a continuous polymer formation and / or functionalization is triggered by targeted, subsequent external action of liquid or gaseous reactants or catalysts.
  • the invention relates to a process for producing the ultrafine nonwoven and paper-like products.
  • meltblown processes are used in the production of ultrafine fiber webs from polymer melts at fiber diameters of less than 10 .mu.m.
  • the melt jet emerging from the nozzle is warped by a gas stream into fine fibers.
  • Characteristic is a parallel or staggered arrangement of spinnerets and the use of hot air at high speed to delay the individual filaments. If the mass flow of blowing gas is sufficiently high, the monofilament is severely distorted and torn off when the breaking point is reached. The result is a stochastic fiber length distribution.
  • the patent WO 2006/037371 describes a process in which continuous fibers are very finely warped.
  • the gas flow used is severely limited by a maximum pre-pressure and the air temperatures are in the range of 15 to 120 ° C at temperatures of the molten polymer of 300 to 400 ° C.
  • the objective of the process is to produce endless filaments without yarn breaks and without bonding the fine fibers together.
  • the mass flow of blown air is indicated by the Limited pressure conditions, there are thermoplastic polymers used.
  • US Pat. No. 7,585,454 B2 describes a meltblown process and an apparatus for producing nonwoven fabrics from orientable polymers, in particular from polyethylene terephthalate.
  • a polymer melt is extruded in the form of fibers which are drawn by a high velocity, hot air stream.
  • the hot air flow is not so intense that the fibers split up.
  • a controlled temperature control in several stages, an entanglement or bonding is achieved.
  • the fibers are laid on top of each other in several layers and cut.
  • the subject of WO 92/16361 is a blow molding process for producing nonwovens with at least two layers of different fiber types.
  • the fibers are mixed turbulently after extrusion in each case in a high-speed gas stream, for example in an air stream. In the areas in which the gas flows overlap, connect and / or consume the different fiber types together.
  • a process for the production of fine endless nonwoven fibers is described.
  • the fiber strands are split by a gas stream. This effect is achieved by the use of a Laval nozzle and the setting of supercritical flow conditions with air velocities in the so-called supersonic range. This gas speeds are generated greater than the speed of sound.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that a special nozzle design and Mach numbers a> 1 or a ratio of the gas pressures p (a) / p (i)> 0.525, ie a so-called critical pressure ratio, must be adhered to in order to burst the fiber strand to achieve many endless or quasi-endless finest filaments.
  • Reactive, suitable for polymer formation low molecular weight resin melts are not fundamentally suitable due to the physico-chemical properties suitable to form nonwovens. Nevertheless, such a method is described in the patent document WO 2006/100041.
  • the fibers are distorted by a special nozzle design in the gas stream, they tear off with stochastic distribution and yield ultrafine fibers in a random orientation with different fiber lengths. Subsequently, the fibers are treated with a three-dimensional molecular crosslinking initiating medium and self-adhesively bonded and / or cured in a subsequent thermal curing in the fleece.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to develop a cost-effective method for producing Feinstmaschinevliesen and paper-like products, which operates with Mach numbers Ma ⁇ 1, ie below the speed of sound, and the self-bonding of the low molecular weight resin melts exploits in an advantageous manner.
  • gas velocities are preferably bursted in the region of compressible gas flows with 0.2 ⁇ Ma ⁇ 1 and gas temperatures above the melting temperature of the resins.
  • the nozzles are preferably not arranged at the tip of Düsenkegeln, as in WO 2006/100041 AI, but on a spinning beam side by side.
  • Preferred process conditions are: a melt throughput per nozzle between 1.0 and 1.8 g / min, more preferably about 1.44 g / min, a melt temperature between 120 and 130 ° C, particularly preferably 130 ° C, a temperature of Gas flow between 190 and 230 ° C, more preferably 220 ° C, and gas flow rates of 300 m / s.
  • the gas stream is preferably a hot air stream.
  • the invention accordingly provides a process for the production of ultrafine nonwoven and paper-like products from reactive, thermoplastic, low molecular weight resin melts, which is characterized in that the resin melts in gas media with a gas velocity in the range of 0.2 ⁇ Ma ⁇ 1.0 at a temperature of the gas medium are produced above the melting temperature of the low molecular weight resin used, wherein the resin melts exiting from the nozzle are first warped and split into finely fibrous structures and flocculation takes place, the flakes are laid down to a microfiber or paper-like products and the thermoplastic, low molecular weight resins are condensed be converted into thermosetting resins.
  • the single fiber diameter in the ultrafine nonwoven or paper-like products according to the invention is less than 5 ⁇ . Since it is flake-like structures, not the diameter of individual fibers in the narrower sense meant. overall rather, the diameter of the fibrous ramifications and ridges in the flakes, which always also have a fiber diameter distribution, is meant. These fiber diameters are in a range of 0.5 to 5 ⁇ .
  • the fibers consist of glassy solidified, reactive and capable of polymer formation ⁇ ten resin melts and are in the form of fiber flakes. The flakes initially have yet to thermoplastic own sheep ⁇ th. The achievement of a continuous polymer formation, optionally with a coupled functionalization, is caused by targeted, subsequent action of liquid or gaseous catalysts or other reactants. Only then thermosetting properties are present.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a spinneret (1), from which a melt jet (2) emerges. Due to the associated pressure drop occurs a growth of the gas bubbles (3).
  • Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the molecular chains in conventional thermoplastics. The molecular chains are intertwined.
  • Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the thermoplastic oligomers in the low-molecular molten resin used in the present invention.
  • the resin melts are characterized by a globular structure with a reactive slip plane on the surface.
  • the molten resin therefore shows no pronounced pseudoplastic behavior, in contrast to thermoplastics with linear molecular chains.
  • Fig. 4 shows the temperature distribution in the melt jet (2). Due to the hot gas flow (4), the melt in the peripheral zone (6) has a reduced viscosity compared to the core zone (5), which makes it possible to defiber the melt jet and to form flakes.
  • the resin melts may additionally comprise further additives which influence the properties, for example carbon black as antistatic agent or pigments for coloring. Flame retardants for optimizing the flameproofing effect or viscosity-modifying agents, for example up to 1% by weight of water or butanediols, are conceivable, among other additives.
  • the Feinstmaschinevliese and obtainable by the process paper-like products themselves are also part of vorlie ⁇ constricting invention.
  • the diameter of the individual fibers therein is in the range of 1 to 5 ⁇ .
  • the individual fibers are thus significantly thinner than those obtained by the process according to WO 2006/100041 AI.
  • Suitable resins for this type of web formation are e.g.
  • Mono-, di- and oligomeric hexose anhydrides in particular 1,2-glucose anhydride.
  • 1.2-Glucoseanhydrid is available by dehydration of ot-glucose in vacuum at about 140 ° C.
  • MER methanol-etherified melamine-formaldehyde resins
  • the reactive low molecular weight resin melts are capable of polymer formation. In principle, they differ in their structure from the classic polymer melts used for the production of textile fibers. you
  • the boundary condition of the higher temperature of the gas flow in relation to the melting temperature of the resin required for the effect of fiber splicing has an additional positive effect here. tiv and allows a trouble-free spinning with flake formation in high quality and productivity.
  • the gas velocities in the range of compressible media with 0.2 ⁇ Ma ⁇ 1.0 and temperatures of the gas stream, which are 1.0 to 3.0 higher than the melting temperature of the resin it follows that already sufficient great shape resistance F sufficient to splice the melt stream followed by flocculation.
  • the velocity of the gas stream is less than
  • the reactive low molecular weight resin melts can be melted in an extruder or fed via a thin film evaporator directly to the spinning beam of a meltblown plant.
  • very fine fibers are obtained in the diameter smaller than 5 ⁇ , which then leave the spinning beam by Eigenverklebung and ramifications in flake form.
  • These flakes are placed on a conveyor belt.
  • the temperature and clearance conditions between the nozzle and the storage and transport belt are variable so that the size of the flakes as well as the stocking density can be adjusted. Loose, but also very dense fleece and paper-like structures can be created.
  • the deposited nonwoven fabric can be processed directly into paper-like products even without the steps of slurrying and swirling the individual fibers necessary for paper production. All you have to do is moisten the stored fleece and then press it hot. The added liquid acts as a lubricant and causes a reorganization of the fibrous flakes. In a particular embodiment, water can be used as a lubricant. The result is a paper-like sheet material with a smooth surface.
  • the resulting papers are characterized by high flame and heat resistance and can be used as an electrical insulator. They have a high dielectric strength, high dimensional stability after processing and have only a low elastic recovery.
  • the papers of thermosetting materials are produced via a thermoplastic precursor of the oligomeric precondensates in a direct process.
  • the weight fraction Aminoplast in the paper is 95% or more. It can also be 100% by weight.
  • thermosetting precondensate dispersion, solution, powder
  • thermoplastic components such as PVC, PA or PEEK
  • the resulting nonwoven or paper-like product is fed to a further process stage in which a liquid or gaseous reactant or catalyst is brought into contact with the sheet product.
  • a liquid or gaseous reactant or catalyst is brought into contact with the sheet product.
  • further treatment steps eg for the neutralization of the reactants or catalysts, can be included.
  • the sheet-like products are subjected to a thermal treatment.
  • the required treatment temperatures are set in the ratio of 1.0 to 4.0, based on the melting temperature (in ° C) of the resin.
  • the resulting nonwovens or paper-like products can be used for textile and technical applications.
  • Particular characteristics of the products of the process are flame resistance, high continuous service temperature, sound absorption capacity and specific electrical properties.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des nappes de microfibres et des produits similaires au papier, constitués de structures floconnées fibreuses à base de fusions de résines de bas poids moléculaire réactives, aptes à former des polymères et solidifiées à la manière du verre. Lorsque les fibres ont atteint une finesse spécifique à la résine, une polymérisation et/ou une fonctionnalisation en continu peut être déclenchée en les soumettant par la suite de manière ciblée à l'influence externe de réactants ou de catalyseurs liquides ou gazeux. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication de ces nappes de microfibres ou produits similaires au papier. On extrude des fusions de résines de bas poids moléculaire réactives dans des milieux gazeux à des vitesses du gaz élevées et à des températures supérieures à la température de fusion des résines de bas poids moléculaire puis on étire et on disperse les structures à microfibres ainsi formées afin de provoquer la formation de flocons. On dépose les flocons pour former des nappes non tissées ou des produits similaires au papier. En la chauffant et/ou en la soumettant à l'action de catalyseurs, on convertit la résine réactive de bas poids moléculaire en une résine duroplastique.
EP13718498.2A 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Non-tissé comprenant des fibres fines et produit similaire au papier, ainsi que leur procédé de fabrication Active EP2836632B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201330433A SI2836632T1 (sl) 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Finovlaknate koprene in papirju podobni proizvodi, kot tudi postopek za njihovo izdelavo

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012007080 2012-04-11
PCT/EP2013/001062 WO2013152858A1 (fr) 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Nappes de microfibres et produits similaires au papier et leur procédé de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2836632A1 true EP2836632A1 (fr) 2015-02-18
EP2836632B1 EP2836632B1 (fr) 2016-09-14

Family

ID=48184125

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13718498.2A Active EP2836632B1 (fr) 2012-04-11 2013-04-11 Non-tissé comprenant des fibres fines et produit similaire au papier, ainsi que leur procédé de fabrication

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2836632B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013006212A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2606383T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2836632T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI2836632T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013152858A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020116689A1 (de) 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung Rudolstadt e.V. Melaminharz-Filtervlies

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102375999B1 (ko) 2016-10-11 2022-03-21 오스튀링기쉬 마테리알프리프게젤샤프트 퓌어 텍스틸 운트 쿤스트스토페 엠베하 저방출 멜라민 포름알데히드 부직물 및 부직 재료

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US4526733A (en) 1982-11-17 1985-07-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Meltblown die and method
NZ217669A (en) * 1985-10-02 1990-03-27 Surgikos Inc Meltblown microfibre web includes core web and surface veneer
WO1992016361A1 (fr) 1991-03-20 1992-10-01 Sabee Reinhardt N Non-tisses presentant des gradients de quantite de fibres
US6368533B1 (en) * 1997-12-22 2002-04-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for forming films, fibers and base webs from thermoset polymers
DE19929709C2 (de) 1999-06-24 2001-07-12 Lueder Gerking Verfahren zur Herstellung von im Wesentlichen endlosen feinen Fäden und Verwendung der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6667254B1 (en) * 2000-11-20 2003-12-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Fibrous nonwoven webs
MXPA04003066A (es) 2001-10-01 2005-01-25 Rtica Inc Proceso y aparato para fabricar un producto aislante.
WO2006037371A1 (fr) 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Procede de fusion-soufflage destine au filage par fusion de fines fibres de non-tisses et dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE102005013420A1 (de) 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Ami-Agrolinz Melamine International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von duroplastischen Feinstfaservliesen mit hoher Flamm-, Thermo- und Schallschutzwirkung

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020116689A1 (de) 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung Rudolstadt e.V. Melaminharz-Filtervlies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013006212A1 (de) 2013-10-17
PL2836632T3 (pl) 2017-03-31
EP2836632B1 (fr) 2016-09-14
ES2606383T3 (es) 2017-03-23
SI2836632T1 (sl) 2017-01-31
WO2013152858A1 (fr) 2013-10-17

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