Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
  • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
  • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
  • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
  • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a formwork for the construction of mixed steel-concrete floors obtained by casting a concrete slab on the formwork.
• the floor obtained can be of 3 different types: with lost formwork, additive or collaborating.
• loose form flooring it is meant that only concrete contributes to the mechanical strength of the floor.
• additive floor it is meant that the mechanical strength of the floor is the addition of the respective strengths of the formwork and concrete.
• collaborating floor means that the resistance of the floor is greater than the addition of the respective strengths of the formwork and concrete.
• the metal formwork must support the sum of the weight of concrete and its own weight without ruin or excessive deflection, and this is done or not with provisional struts arranged at regular intervals between them. retaining walls of the floor.
• the floor after the removal of any temporary struts and during the use phase of the floor, referred to as the mixed phase, the floor must not sag too much under normal conditions of use.
• the present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned problems by providing a formwork to minimize the amount of concrete necessary while maintaining a mechanical strength of the mixed floor sufficient to increase its range beyond 8 meters.
• the invention is primarily a formwork for mixed steel-concrete floor comprising:
• a self-supporting profile comprising at least one upper central zone, lateral webs extending the upper central zone on either side of the latter and towards the bottom and at least two lower soles extending the lateral webs,
• a spacer profile comprising at least one upper plate and two lateral wings extending the upper plate on either side of the latter and towards the bottom,
• the spacer profile being disposed at least by the end of the lateral wings on the part of the self-supporting profile intended to work in compression so as to at least partially covering the upper central region and thus form at least one box.
• the formwork according to the invention may also include the following optional features, taken alone or in combination:
• the spacer profile covers the entirety of said upper central range
• the lateral webs are inclined towards the outside of the upper central zone
• each of the lateral webs comprises a longitudinal stiffener consisting of two folds forming a recess of the lateral web;
• the lateral wings are inclined towards the outside of the upper plate
• the end of the lateral wings has a raised edge
• the raised edge is supported on the longitudinal stiffener, the spacer profile and the self-supporting profile being secured by seaming through fasteners regularly distributed over the length of the raised edge;
• the end of the lateral wings comprises a Z-shaped recess
• the self-supporting profile includes two upper central areas;
• the self-supporting profile covers at least partially the two upper central areas
• a second object of the invention is constituted by a method of manufacturing a formwork for a composite steel-concrete floor comprising the steps according to which:
• a free-standing profile comprising at least one upper central zone is provided, lateral webs extending the central zone on either side of the latter and towards the bottom and at least two lower flanges extending the lateral webs, - Providing a spacer section comprising at least one upper plate and two lateral wings extending the upper plate on either side of it and towards the bottom,
• At least the end of the lateral wings of the spacer profile is arranged on the part of the self-supporting profile intended to work in compression so as to cover at least partially the upper central region and thus to form at least one box,
• the self-supporting profile and the spacer profile are secured by means of fasteners located along the end of the lateral wings.
• a third object of the invention is constituted by a kit for manufacturing a formwork for a composite steel-concrete floor comprising:
• At least one self-supporting profile comprising at least one upper central zone, lateral webs extending the central zone on either side of the latter and towards the bottom and at least two lower flanges extending the lateral webs,
• At least one spacer profile comprising at least one upper plate and two lateral wings extending the upper plate on either side of it and towards the bottom.
• a fourth object of the invention is constituted by a composite steel-concrete floor comprising at least one formwork according to the invention and a concrete slab cast on the formwork.
• a fifth object of the invention is constituted by a method of manufacturing a composite steel-concrete floor of a building comprising the steps according to which:
• self-supporting profiles comprising at least one upper central zone are provided, lateral webs extending the central zone on either side of the latter and towards the bottom and at least two lower flanges extending the lateral webs, provision is made for spacer profiles comprising at least one upper plate and two lateral wings extending the upper plate on either side of the latter and towards the bottom,
• the self-supporting profiles are juxtaposed on a structure of the building
• At least the end of the lateral wings of the spacer profiles are arranged on the part intended to work in compression of at least some of the self-supporting profiles so as to cover at least partially at least one of the upper central regions and thus to form at least a box,
• each of the self-supporting profiles is secured to the spacer profile on which it is arranged by means of fasteners located along the end of the lateral wings, so as to form a formwork,
• reinforcement reinforcing bars are arranged in wave recesses formed by the lateral webs of two successive self-supporting profiles
• FIG. 1 represents a cross-section of a first example of formwork according to the invention
• FIG. 2 represents a cross-section of a second example of formwork according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a broken view of a mixed steel-concrete floor according to the invention.
• the various components of the formwork are preferably made of metal such as bare steel or galvanized with a zinc alloy.
• the steel, galvanized or not will be covered with a layer of paint to better protect it from corrosion.
• At least one of the constituent elements of the formwork, and in particular the spacer profile, may however be made of plastic or any other material sufficiently resistant to the use for which the element is intended.
• the constituent sections of the formwork undergo bending forces such that the upper parts of the profiles are subjected to compression stresses and the lower parts of the profiles to tensile stresses, especially in the longitudinal direction. .
• the relative importance of the tensile and compression zones depends on different geometrical parameters such as the height of the cores, the thickness of the concrete layer, the length and width of the sections. Those skilled in the art can determine from these parameters what is the relative distribution of the areas subjected to traction and areas subject to compression. As a general rule, the boundary between the tensile zone and the compression zone is around half the height of the lateral web of the profile.
• the formwork 1 comprises a self-supporting profile 2.
• self-supporting profile is meant a shaped sheet so that the simple rigidity of this form ensures its stability and allows its implementation on the structure of the building under construction. through its ends.
• the shapes that can take this self-supporting profile are known per se.
• the self-supporting profile comprises at least one horizontal upper central zone 3 extending in the longitudinal direction of the self-supporting profile, two lateral webs 4 and 4 'extending the upper central zone 3 on either side thereof and towards the bottom and at least two horizontal lower flanges 5 and 5 'extending the lateral webs.
• the upper central zone 3 furthermore comprises two longitudinal ribs 6 and 6 'separated by a transverse notch 7. This conformation increases the rigidity of the upper central zone 3 and thus makes possible the circulation of the workers on this area.
• the lateral webs 4 and 4 ' are inclined, extending towards the bottom and towards the outside of the upper central area. Alternatively, they can extend vertically or inward, depending on the desired rigidity of the self-supporting profile.
• Each lateral core of this example also comprises a longitudinal stiffener 8, 8 'consisting of two folds forming a slight recess in the part of the lateral core subjected to compression forces during the mixed phase.
• This longitudinal stiffener improves the mechanical behavior of the self-supporting profile and, on the other hand, promotes the establishment of a spacer profile as will be seen later.
• the lateral webs 4 and 4 ' may have concrete anchoring zones such as bosses or notches located in the part of the lateral web subjected to tensile forces.
• the lower flanges 5 and 5 ' have a raised edge 9, 9' which acts as a stiffener and facilitates the implementation of the formwork in particular by making the junctions between two adjacent self-supporting profiles more sealed to concrete liquid.
• the self-supporting profile has a height of between 150 and 300 mm, the example of Figure 1 having been made with a self-supporting profile of 220 mm high.
• the formwork 1 comprises a spacer profile 10.
• the latter comprises a horizontal upper plate 11 extending in the longitudinal direction of the spacer profile and two lateral wings 12, 12 'extending the upper plate 11 on either side from it and towards the bottom.
• the upper plate 11 further comprises a transverse strike 13. This conformation increases the rigidity of the upper plate 11 and thus makes possible the movement of workers on this surface.
• the upper plate 11 may have longitudinal ribs or concrete anchoring areas such as bosses or notches.
• each side wing of this example is flat and comprises, at its end, a raised edge 14, 14 'which acts as a stiffener and facilitates the establishment of the spacer profile 10 on the self-supporting profile 2.
• the spacer profile has a height of between 80 and 250 mm, the example of FIG. 1 having been made with a spacer profile 150 mm high.
• the width of the upper plate 11, the angle of inclination of the lateral wings 12, 12 'relative to the upper plate 1 and the length of the lateral wings are adjusted so that the spacer profile 10 can be arranged by the end its lateral wings 12, 12 'on the part of the self-supporting profile 2 intended to work in compression so as to cover at least partially its upper central zone 3 while providing a box 15 between the latter and the upper plate 11 of the spacer profile 10
• Such an interlocking of the spacer profile on the part of the self-supporting profile intended to work in compression offers several advantages:
• connection On the underside of the self-supporting profile, the connection is not very visible and arranged in non-interfering areas,
• the raised edge 14 (respectively 14 ') of the lateral flange of the spacer profile is fitted on the self-supporting profile and bears on the longitudinal stiffener 8 (8' respectively) thereof.
• the two sections are secured preferably by seaming, preferably via fasteners 16, such as for example screws or rivets, evenly distributed along the length of the raised edge 14, 14 '.
• the number of fasteners is limited to shorten the floor's manufacturing time.
• the seam is then not sufficient for the spacer profile to participate in the mechanical strength of the entire mixed floor.
• the spacer profile is in this case to formwork lost.
• it is advantageous to improve the mechanical strength of the floor by multiplying the number of fasteners, which however lengthens the manufacturing time of the floor. A compromise is therefore to be found between the desired mechanical resistance of the floor and the time spent seaming the spacer profile to the self-supporting profile.
• the seaming can be done on site or alternatively in the factory before delivery of the formwork on site.
• the box 15 is left empty. Alternatively, it may be filled with thermal and / or acoustic insulation and / or accommodate the electrical networks and / or fluid networks of the building under construction.
• FIG. 2 A second example of formwork according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 2.
• This second example shows all the features of the example described with reference to FIG. 1, with the exception of the differences mentioned below.
• This second formwork 1 differs from the formwork shown in Figure 1 mainly in that the self-supporting profile 2 comprises two upper central areas 3 and in that the spacer profile 10 covers them.
• the upper plate 11 of the spacer profile comprises a transverse detent 13 and longitudinal ribs 17, 17 'acting as stiffeners.
• the lateral wings 12, 12 ' are inclined, extending towards the bottom and towards the outside of the upper plate 11.
• Each lateral wing of this example comprises longitudinal stiffeners 18, 18' consisting of folds forming a slight recess in the lateral wing.
• the end of each lateral wing is formed of a recess 19, 19 'Z-shaped which acts as a stiffener and facilitates the establishment of the spacer profile 10 on the self-supporting profile 2.
• the recess 19 (respectively 19 ') of the end of the side wing abuts on the end 20 of the first upper central strip of the self-supporting profile 2 (respectively on the end 20' from the second upper central range).
• the two sections are secured by seaming, preferably via fasteners 16, such as for example screws or rivets, regularly distributed over the length of the recess 19, 19 '.
• the fitting mode of the spacer profile on the self-supporting profile via the recess 19, 19 ', as illustrated in FIG. is used in the example of Figure 1 instead of the mode of interlocking through the raised edge 14, 14 'and vice versa.
• the spacer profile can take various forms. Its upper plate may for example have ribs such that several boxes 15 are formed between the spacer profile and the self-supporting profile.
• the composite steel-concrete floor is made by the juxtaposition of formwork 1 on the structure 21 of the building under construction as shown in FIG. 3.
• the formwork 1 may be immediately adjacent to each other , as illustrated in FIG. 3, or interposed between self-supporting profiles 2 not provided with a spacer profile 10.
• Reinforcing reinforcing bars 22 are then placed in the wave cavities 23 formed by the lateral webs of two self-supporting profiles 2 successive.
• Liquid concrete is then poured over the entire surface formed by the formwork 1 and any self-supporting profiles 2, so as to form a slab 24.
• the distance separating the top of the spacer profiles from the surface of the slab will be at least 20 mm in order to ensure the good compressive strength of the slab.
• distances of the order of 50 to 200 mm will be preferred to allow the coating of any anti-cracking reinforcement or to allow the structure which carries the composite floor to work mainly in traction or to increase the fire resistance.
• the caissons 15 formed by the interlocking of the spacer profiles 10 on the self-supporting profiles 2 make it possible to minimize the quantity of concrete necessary for the formation of the slab. It is thus possible to make floors of greater length.
• the shape and dimensions of the boxes will be adjusted according to the circumstances in order to obtain the best compromise between the desired mechanical strength and range of the composite floor.
• the spacer profile may thus be of width less than the width of the upper central region of the self-supporting profile so that it covers only partially the upper central zone when it is arranged by the end of its lateral wings on the self-supporting profile. .
• Such a configuration may be suitable when one does not seek to greatly reduce the mixed floor.
• preference will be given to the configuration for which the spacer profile covers the entirety of at least one upper central range so that one side of the box is formed at least by the entire upper central range (except for the possible localized support of the recess 19, 19 'on the end 20, 20' of the upper central range).
• the ratio between the height of the spacer profile and the height of the self-supporting profile will preferably vary between 0.35 and 1.
• the combination of a freestanding profile height of between 150 and 300 mm and the ratio between 0.35 and 1 makes it possible to obtain a formwork presenting the best optimum in terms of inertia and lightening.
• the profiles being made from sheet metal coils of limited width (and generally of the order of 1200 to 1500 mm)
• the use of the separate spacer profile also makes it possible to prevent the formwork from being made from a single profile higher but too narrow, the increase in the height of the lateral soul resulting, in fact, the reduction of the width of the upper central range,

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-05-03 WO PCT/FR2012/000175 patent/WO2013164519A1/fr not_active Ceased
• 2013
  • 2013-05-03 WO PCT/IB2013/000829 patent/WO2013164677A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2013-05-03 ES ES13727641.6T patent/ES2626171T3/es active Active
  • 2013-05-03 EP EP13727641.6A patent/EP2844809B1/de not_active Not-in-force

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