EP2845500B1 - Helm - Google Patents

Helm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2845500B1
EP2845500B1 EP14002555.2A EP14002555A EP2845500B1 EP 2845500 B1 EP2845500 B1 EP 2845500B1 EP 14002555 A EP14002555 A EP 14002555A EP 2845500 B1 EP2845500 B1 EP 2845500B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ribs
helmet
rib
internal structure
outer shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14002555.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2845500A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane Latruffe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salomon SAS
Original Assignee
Salomon SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Salomon SAS filed Critical Salomon SAS
Publication of EP2845500A1 publication Critical patent/EP2845500A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2845500B1 publication Critical patent/EP2845500B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/125—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/124—Cushioning devices with at least one corrugated or ribbed layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/125—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
    • A42B3/128—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam with zones of different density

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of helmets, in particular sports helmets and in particular helmets for skiing, climbing, mountaineering or cycling.
  • Sports helmets usually have an outer shell and a layer forming an internal structure.
  • the outer shell defines an inner envelope delimited by a lower edge.
  • the internal structure is housed in the inner envelope.
  • the internal structure defines a volume within which the user inserts his head.
  • a comfort cap is interposed between the internal structure and the skull of the user.
  • the combination of the outer shell and the internal structure provides protection for the user's head.
  • This combination is designed to absorb shocks worn on the helmet and prevent the perforation of the protection.
  • weight is an important criterion in the performance of a helmet. Indeed, the comfort of the user is closely related to the weight of the helmet. Thus, some sportsmen do not use a helmet because they find them too heavy.
  • the weight of the helmet supported by the head directly conditions the level of fatigue of the user which is proportional to the time of portage. As a result, the more lightweight the helmet, the better the wearer's sensations and sports performance.
  • the user feels more free and easy in his head movements. He will not feel like wearing a helmet.
  • the present invention provides a helmet as described in independent claim 1.
  • This helmet comprising an outer shell having a top and defining an inner envelope delimited by a lower edge.
  • the helmet also includes an internal structure disposed within the inner casing.
  • the internal structure comprises a plurality of ribs, each rib extending from the top to the lower edge.
  • shock absorption is largely provided by the ribs of the internal structure. Indeed, in case of shocks, the ribs deform by compressing or bending, which reduces the energy of the shock that is transmitted to the head. Extending from the top to the lower edge, the ribs have good damping characteristics.
  • the internal structure forms a layer of the same material. This layer does not necessarily have a constant thickness but substantially covers the surface of the skull. Being formed of ribs, the internal structure is more hollow than conventional structures which reduces the weight of the internal structure and thus limit the weight of the helmet. Alternatively, the space between two ribs can be filled with a material of very low density relative to the material of the ribs.
  • the disposition of the ribs makes it possible to distribute homogeneously both the weight of the helmet during use and at the same time the energy transmitted to the head in the event of impact.
  • the internal structure defines, between each pair of adjacent ribs, a free space of air circulation which improves the ventilation and comfort of the user.
  • the helmet 1 according to the invention comprises an outer shell 100 having a top 102, an outwardly facing outer face and an inner face 104 defining an inner shell 101.
  • the inner shell 101 extends from the top 102 to lower edge 103 of the outer shell. It defines a reception volume of an internal structure 200.
  • figure 3 clearly illustrates the internal structure 200 before its introduction into the inner casing 101.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments of the helmets in which the internal structure 200 is obtained independently of the shell external 100 before being assembled in the latter.
  • the invention also extends to manufacturing methods in which the internal structure 200 is injected directly into the outer shell 100 previously produced.
  • the internal structure 200 comprises a set of ribs 201.
  • the ribs 201 extend from the top 102 towards the lower edge 103.
  • Each rib 201 has an outer profile 202 shaped to marry the inner face 104.
  • the outer shell 100 and the inner structure 200 are shaped so that the outer profile 202 of each rib 201 is in contact with the inner face 104 over the entire dimension in which the rib 201 extends.
  • Each rib 201 has an internal profile 203 shaped to fit the shape of the skull of the user.
  • a comfort cap not shown, can be inserted between the ribs and the head of the user which improves the wearing comfort.
  • Each outer 202 and inner 203 profile is curved.
  • each rib 201 represents an arch or vault shape extending from the top 102 to a lower edge 103 thus forming a meridian whose one pole is the top 202 of the inner casing 101.
  • At least some, and preferably all the ribs 201 extend to the lower edge 103.
  • Each rib 201 extends mainly along a longitudinal curve which follows the curvature of the inner casing 101.
  • the rib 201 is characterized by a height "h” and a thickness "e".
  • the height "h” may vary along the rib. It is defined in a direction perpendicular to the inner envelope 101 at the level of the measurement.
  • the thickness "e” is defined in a direction perpendicular to the height and "length" of the rib corresponding to the longitudinal curve.
  • the thickness "e” is less than the height "h” of the rib 201.
  • each rib 201 can easily deform in compression or bending according to its height in case of impact.
  • the useful dimension for shock absorption is mainly its height. Its thickness can be reduced in order to limit the weight of the helmet 1 while allowing the latter to maintain good overall impact resistance.
  • the section of the rib 201 along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal curve is characterized by height and thickness.
  • the section may be rectangular, square or trapezoidal or more generally polygonal.
  • the rib 201 extends in a vertical plane when the helmet 1 is worn on a non-inclined head. This orientation of the ribs provides good damping in the main shock configurations.
  • the internal structure 200 comprises seventeen ribs 201.
  • the geometry of the ribs is different depending on their location so as to follow the inner casing 101 and the morphology of the skull.
  • the thickness of the ribs is constant and is between 0.5 and 3 centimeters, and preferably between 0.6 and 1 centimeter.
  • the height it varies along each rib between 1 and 5 centimeters, and preferably between 1.3 and 3 centimeters. Locally, the height is conditioned to the shape of the outer helmet. These height values are not fixed. The lowest height is often near the lower edge 103. The greatest height is often near the middle of the length of the rib.
  • all the ribs 201 have the same thickness. This facilitates the manufacture of the internal structure 200, since the ribs 201 can then be obtained by cutting 207 in the same plate, as will be detailed later.
  • the ribs 201 have different thicknesses. Larger thicknesses are for example provided in the areas requiring reinforcement or to ensure good strength of the helmet.
  • the other ribs 201 may themselves have smaller thicknesses to reduce the weight of the helmet 1.
  • the sizing of the ribs is important because it conditions the absorption of shocks.
  • the ribs are dimensioned so as to damp either by direct compression or bending / buckling of the rib, or a combination of both phenomena. In areas often stressed in the event of shocks, such as the forehead, the back of the head or in particularly fragile areas such as the temples, the dimensioning is adapted. Note that the thickness should not be too thin not to generate a wearing discomfort.
  • the distribution of the ribs 201 can be adapted to optimize the weight of the helmet 1 while maintaining a satisfactory impact resistance. For example, provision may be made to arrange the ribs 201 more closely in the sensitive areas (front, back of the head, temples) and to arrange them more spacially in the other areas.
  • the ribs 201 are distributed evenly over the entire periphery of the lower edge 103.
  • the helmet 1 comprises a binder provided to secure the various ribs 201 with the outer shell 100.
  • This binder forms a connecting layer 211 joining two adjacent ribs 201 as it appears on the Figures 1 and 4 to 8 . This keeps in position the ribs 201 between them and the outer shell 100. This also prevents them from slipping or sag during an impact for example.
  • the connecting layer 211 fixes at least one rib 201 on the outer shell 100 irremovably. This anchoring makes it possible to continuously maintain the integral internal structure of the outer shell.
  • the helmet then has a monolithic construction. The internal structure is then inchtmontable.
  • the ribs are deformed so as to provide damping adapted to the normative need.
  • the height of the connecting layer 211 is identical to that of the ribs 201.
  • the ribs 201 and the connecting layer 211 define a second inner envelope intended to conform to the shape of the skull of the user.
  • the connecting layer 211 also participates, with the ribs, shock absorption.
  • the height of the connecting layer 211 is lower than that of the ribs 201.
  • the ribs 201 provide a space 214 between the ribs 201 and the skull of the user which reduces the weight of the helmet 1 and improve its ventilation.
  • the connecting layer 211 extends over the entire space between two adjacent ribs 201.
  • this connecting layer 211 extends along the entire length of each rib 201.
  • the inner face 104 of the outer shell 100 is not visible when the internal structure 200 is located in the inner casing 101. This reinforces the outer shell 100 and improves the resistance of the helmet to shocks or perforations.
  • the height of the bonding layer 211 between the ribs is preferably greater than eight millimeters at any point in order to ensure good strength and cohesion of the ribs between them. Below, the ribs can sag.
  • the connecting layer 211 extends to the lower edge.
  • the connecting layer 211 has in the immediate vicinity of a rib 201 an increasing height approaching the rib 201.
  • the connecting layer 211 forms a body that can be removed.
  • This weld bead 212 appears clearly in Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the height of the connecting layer 211 varies along the rib 201.
  • the height h1 near the lower edge 103 is greater than the height h2 located in the upper part of the helmet 1. This allows to limit the amount of material and therefore the weight of the helmet 1, while strengthening the areas that must be. In addition, this distribution remains compatible with an embodiment of the helmet injection binder.
  • the height of the connecting layer 211 is homogeneous between the vertex 102 and the lower edge 103.
  • the ribs 201 are in EPS. This makes it possible to reduce the cost of the helmet 1.
  • they are made of EPP, a material that has a higher elastic limit than the EPS, which therefore allows the helmet to absorb stronger shocks before being altered. It can be reused after suffering some limited shocks.
  • EPP and EPS also have the advantages of being hydrophobic. They can therefore be used without the addition of a sealing envelope.
  • a density of between 60 and 100 g / l will be chosen.
  • the ribs 201 will preferably be corrugated paperboard or paper or rubber. These embodiments are preferably provided with a tight protection to preserve the ribs 201 of the water.
  • all the ribs 201 are made of the same material and have the same density. Alternatively, some ribs do not have the same density and / or are not made of the same material as other ribs. This makes it possible to adapt the strength and the weight of the internal structure 200. It is thus possible to adapt the characteristics of the helmet locally. For example, by strengthening the sensitive parts. This also optimizes the weight of the helmet.
  • the material of the binder 211 is also made of EPP or EPS without this being limiting.
  • the material of the ribs 201 and the material of the binder 211 are of the same nature, it is possible to provide a density difference between these parts.
  • the ribs 201 have a higher density than the binder 211 to ensure good shock absorption and good support of the helmet 1 on the skull.
  • a binder 211 of lower density this makes it possible to reduce the weight of the helmet 1.
  • the density of the binder 211 is between 10 and 60 g / l so as to be less than the density of the ribs. 201.
  • the connecting layer 211 preferably has a height significantly lower than that of the ribs 201 in order to lighten the helmet 1.
  • the height of the bonding layer 211 over at least half the length of the rib is less than 70% of the height of the rib 201.
  • the invention has the advantage of being compatible with two helmet manufacturing technologies.
  • a first technology comprises the following steps.
  • the outer shell 100 is made.
  • a polycarbonate plate or an equivalent material is heated. It can be a copolymer of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), flax, carbon fibers or glass fibers.
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • the plate is then deformed according to a curve. Then, cut the edges.
  • This outer shell is flexible, very light and resistant to perforation.
  • the outer shell 100 is inserted into a mold and then the same material is injected inside the outer shell to form both the internal structure 200 comprising the ribs 211 and the bonding layer 211.
  • the internal structure 200 and the binder 211 form a monolithic injected part, having great cohesion and strong strength.
  • the helmet thus produced has a very good hold between its constituent elements and is particularly light.
  • this embodiment makes it possible to reduce the assembly steps. It is possible, before the second step, to add a coating on the inner face of the shell to improve the adhesion between it and the internal parts.
  • the inner part is made by bi-injection, which allows the use of different material between the ribs and the binder.
  • the internal structure 200 is inserted inside the outer shell 100, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • This subassembly consisting of the outer shell 100 and the internal structure 200 is then inserted into the mold.
  • the binder 211 is injected to secure the internal structure 200 with the outer shell 100.
  • the helmet produced has a very good resistance between its constituent elements and is particularly light.
  • This embodiment incorporates an additional assembly step with respect to the previous embodiment. However, it allows more possibilities on the realization of the internal structure 200 that we will see later.
  • a second compatible technology is to perform, in a first step, the outer shell by injection rather than by deformation.
  • the outer shell is then stiffer, a little heavier and has good strength and resistance to perforation.
  • the material used is preferably acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • the other materials mentioned above for the outer shell 100 may be provided.
  • the internal structure may be secured to the outer shell by injection, similar to the assemblies described above.
  • the internal structure can be assembled to the inner shell by gluing or other technique, the binder being the adhesive element between the internal structure and the outer shell.
  • the internal structure 200 can be made independently.
  • the internal structure 200 is made by an assembly of the different ribs.
  • Each rib has a first end 204 intended to be disposed at the top 102.
  • This first end 204 comprises a fastener 206 to secure the rib 201, or directly to other ribs (embodiment not shown) or to a piece forming a common connecting support 210 for all the ribs 201 (as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 ).
  • the support 210 has a body 213 in the form of a tube providing a hollow space 214 to lighten the helmet 1.
  • the section of the tube is preferably circular or oval because it allows a good distribution of efforts on the ribs .
  • the section is polygonal and / or full.
  • the ribs 201 define a housing 209 for receiving the support 210.
  • This body 213 also comprises fasteners 215 complementary to those 206 of the ribs 201.
  • these complementary fixing members 215 form crenels each configured to receive a pin 216 carried by the first end 204 of the rib 201.
  • the upper and lower ends of the support 210 have slots around their entire periphery and each of the first ends 204 of the ribs 201 have two pins 216.
  • the pins 216 of the same rib 201 are configured to fit each into a slot carved respectively in the upper and lower ends of the body 213.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 clearly illustrate the support 210 forming a common fastener for all the ribs 201.
  • the thickness of the body 213 appears in section in the recess formed between the two pins 216 of each rib 201.
  • the support 210 The common shape thus forms a keystone for the whole of the internal structure 200.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of being particularly easy to manufacture since it does not require an injection mold. It suffices to simply cut out, for example by laser or water jet, ribs 201 and then to assemble them together or to the common support 210. This type of cut is very easily modifiable and thus makes it possible to simply and inexpensively customize the shape of the ribs 201.
  • this embodiment makes it easy to use different materials to optimize the weight and strength of the helmet.
  • the binder is then placed between the ribs 201 to form the bonding layer 211.
  • a resorbable tool or material is preferably provided to maintain the ribs 201 in the forward position and during the injection of the bonding layer 211 between the ribs 201.
  • orifices 208 are formed in the ribs.
  • these orifices 208 are located near the inner face 104 of the outer shell 100. They are typically located at a distance of between 1 and 10 mm from the latter. Their diameter is greater than 3 mm so that during the injection of the binder material 211, the latter enters the orifices 208.
  • the binder material 211 freezes, it then strengthens the cohesion between the ribs 201 and the layer binder 211 located between them which improves the strength of the helmet 1.
  • the internal profile 203 of the ribs 201 does not form a line in continuous contact with the skull. This makes it possible to increase the aeration of the helmet 1, this allows especially the portions of ribs 201 situated between the cuts 207 to deform in flexion and / or in translation in order to improve the absorption of the forces transmitted from the outer shell 100 to the skull.
  • the depth of the cutout 207 is greater than 30% of the height of the rib in a cut-free zone 207.
  • the helmet After completion of the internal structure in the outer shell, the helmet is completed by adding strap.
  • a comfort cap is added between the skull and the ribs.
  • the helmet comprises a connecting strip which connects the ribs near their second end 205.
  • the connecting strip is applied all around the inner casing 101, preferably at the lower edge 103.
  • it is formed by the binder material, during the same step as the production of the linking layer 211.

Landscapes

  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Helm (1), der enthält:
    - eine Außenschale (100), die einen Scheitel (102) aufweist und eine innere Hülle (101) definiert, die von einem unteren Rand (103) begrenzt wird,
    - eine innere Struktur (200), die im Inneren der inneren Hülle (101) angeordnet ist, wobei die innere Struktur (200) eine Vielzahl von Rippen (201) enthält, wobei jede Rippe (201) sich vom Scheitel (102) zum unteren Rand (103) erstreckt,
    wobei die innere Struktur (200) mit der Außenschale (100) durch eine Verbindungsschicht (211) fest verbunden und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Verbindungsschicht mindestens eine Rippe unlösbar an der Außenschale befestigt.
  2. Helm (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verbindungsschicht (211) eingespritzt wird.
  3. Helm (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verbindungsschicht (211) mindestens zwei benachbarte Rippen (201) miteinander verbindet.
  4. Helm (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungsschicht (211) zumindest lokal eine geringere Höhe als die Höhe der Rippen (201) aufweist.
  5. Helm (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungsschicht (211) aus einem anderen Material als dasjenige der Rippen (201) ist.
  6. Helm (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dichte des die Verbindungsschicht (211) bildenden Materials sich von der Dichte des zumindest bestimmte Rippen (201) bildenden Materials unterscheidet.
  7. Helm (1) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei zumindest bestimmte der Rippen (201) sich je an die Form der inneren Hülle (101) gemäß einem Meridianabschnitt anpassen, von dem ein Pol der Scheitel (102) der inneren Hülle (101) ist.
  8. Helm (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dicke (e) zumindest bestimmter der Rippen (201) geringer als oder gleich ihrer Höhe (h) ist.
  9. Helm (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die innere Struktur (200) ein Zusammenbau unterschiedlicher Bauteile ist, wobei jede Rippe ein unterschiedliches Bauteil bildet.
  10. Helm (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei jede Rippe (201) ein erstes (204) und ein zweites (205) Ende aufweist, wobei das erste Ende (204) im Bereich des Scheitels (102) der Außenschale (10) angeordnet ist, wobei ein Verbindungsstreifen die Gesamtheit der zweiten Enden (205) miteinander verbindet.
EP14002555.2A 2013-08-05 2014-07-23 Helm Not-in-force EP2845500B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1301883A FR3009167B1 (fr) 2013-08-05 2013-08-05 Casque

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2845500A1 EP2845500A1 (de) 2015-03-11
EP2845500B1 true EP2845500B1 (de) 2017-06-28

Family

ID=49779958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14002555.2A Not-in-force EP2845500B1 (de) 2013-08-05 2014-07-23 Helm

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20150033456A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2845500B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3009167B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3023679A1 (fr) * 2014-07-18 2016-01-22 Salomon Sas Casque a amortissement
EP3539402A1 (de) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-18 Jörn Steffens Stossdämpfende auskleidung für einen schutzhelm und schutzhelm mit dieser auskleidung
US20210282490A1 (en) * 2018-07-26 2021-09-16 Patrick Pedevilla Impact protection structure

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US3994020A (en) * 1975-06-05 1976-11-30 The Kendall Company Protective helmet with liner means
EP2111768A1 (de) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-28 Salomon S.A.S. Helm mit Personalisierungsmittel, das eine Veränderung des Innenvolumens erlaubt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3009167B1 (fr) 2016-01-01
EP2845500A1 (de) 2015-03-11
FR3009167A1 (fr) 2015-02-06
US20150033456A1 (en) 2015-02-05

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