EP2874969A2 - Matériau non cuit et séché constitué d'une matière de base contenant du silicate, et d'un agent hydrophobe, procédé de production de ce matériau - Google Patents

Matériau non cuit et séché constitué d'une matière de base contenant du silicate, et d'un agent hydrophobe, procédé de production de ce matériau

Info

Publication number
EP2874969A2
EP2874969A2 EP13728092.1A EP13728092A EP2874969A2 EP 2874969 A2 EP2874969 A2 EP 2874969A2 EP 13728092 A EP13728092 A EP 13728092A EP 2874969 A2 EP2874969 A2 EP 2874969A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
dried
base material
clay
unfired
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13728092.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hubert Edmund KERN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2874969A2 publication Critical patent/EP2874969A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/001—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing unburned clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dried, unfired material of at least one silicate-containing base material and a hydrophobing agent and to a method for producing the same.
  • the invention relates to a specific, preferably without chemical additives ecologically and economically processed, dried, unburned, diffusible, water-resistant and frost-resistant material of marl, clay, loam or mixtures thereof.
  • the materials marl, clay, loam or mixtures thereof are subject to a great variety of requirements. They correspond in particular to the ecological, economic and building biology requirements. They can be obtained and used in an environmentally friendly way, they are easy and cost effective. recyclable and they also ensure human well-being.
  • US Pat. No. 5,921,319 has disclosed processes for using environmentally friendly cementitious compositions to limit water flow in subterranean formations using a hydraulic cementitious material such as Portland cement, a viscosity increasing agent such as bentonite and a vegetable oil.
  • DE 198 46 744 A1 describes a process for modifying the surface of a clay mineral mixture and substances produced by this process, comprising a clay mineral mixture whose surface is coated with a hydrophobing agent, such as paraffin, stearic acid, salts of stearic acid, waxes or the like. is treated.
  • a hydrophobing agent such as paraffin, stearic acid, salts of stearic acid, waxes or the like. is treated.
  • EP-A 0 632 101 discloses a process for the production of extrudates from renewable raw materials, in which biopolymeric raw materials, such as wheat, rye, corn, Oilseed extraction meal or the like with aggregates, such as vegetable fibers, sheep's wool, flax, wood flour and mineral additives, such as limestone, hydrated lime, portland cement, marl or the like. Be mixed with a separately added hydrophobing agent and processed in an extruder. Water-repellent, potassium silicate and the like, for example, are used as hydrophobicizing agents.
  • biopolymeric raw materials such as wheat, rye, corn, Oilseed extraction meal or the like with aggregates, such as vegetable fibers, sheep's wool, flax, wood flour and mineral additives, such as limestone, hydrated lime, portland cement, marl or the like.
  • aggregates such as vegetable fibers, sheep's wool, flax, wood flour and mineral additives, such as limestone, hydrated lime, portland cement, marl or the
  • EP-A 2 055 759 describes a bituminous adhesive for the cold bonding of building materials, comprising an amount of unpolymerized oil, the adhesive containing at least 35% by weight of bitumen, clay and a dispersing agent, the amount of non-poly mer accruden oil 5 to 30 wt .-% is.
  • Heat transfer coefficient is to avoid for environmental reasons, such as a heating energy demand.
  • the mentioned disadvantages tend to be even stronger noticeable, the more clay these bodies contain.
  • the high clay content increases the binding power, but causes in the course of drying an increased cracking.
  • the present invention now seeks to produce, using materials such as marl, clay, loam or mixtures thereof, a dried, unfired, hydrophobized material which is water-resistant and frost-resistant while retaining its original shape.
  • the material according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the base material selected from marl, clay, loam or mixtures thereof is contained in an amount of between 35 and 95% by weight and that at least 8% by weight of at least one Water repellents selected from oils or fats and optionally one or more organic or inorganic additives and water balance are included.
  • the base material selected from marl, clay, loam or mixtures thereof is contained in an amount of between 35 and 95% by weight and that at least 8% by weight of at least one Water repellents selected from oils or fats and optionally one or more organic or inorganic additives and water balance are included.
  • clay and marl substances of 35 wt .-% should be adhered to an intimate combination of all components and thus a high water and To achieve frost resistance.
  • materials such as marl, loam, clay or mixtures thereof have been prepared for the first time with the exclusive use of ecological and economic substances that allow trouble-free - even building biology - such that they have water resistance even after days of washing or Having frost resistance after days wet or dry freezing.
  • the at least one water repellents selected from vegetable oils, especially sunflower oil, thistle oil, waste oils or fats, such as used oil from the catering or silicone oils.
  • the hydrophobizing substances used are preferably lipids, preferably oils, such as vegetable oils.
  • oils such as vegetable oils.
  • the vegetable oils used according to the invention selected from the group of sunflower oil, thistle oil or waste oil, in particular waste oils, but also soybean oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil or any liquid silicone oils or silicone-based oils can be used.
  • oils are above all biodegradable and / or inert. Particularly preferred are vegetable oils which are liquid at temperatures greater than 0 ° C and less than 15 ° C and also ensure sufficient efficacy at low temperatures. Because of their particular suitability as water repellents or shrinkage reducing agents, the plant oils, preferably sunflower oil, thistle oil or waste oils or fats and silicone oils.
  • the base material is used in dried form.
  • the material according to the invention is preferably developed in such a way that marl, loam, clay or the like wetted, mechanically or chemically activated as base material Mixtures, in particular in crushed, gekollerter, grated, finely rolled, finely ground or powdered form is included.
  • marl, loam, clay or the like wetted, mechanically or chemically activated as base material Mixtures, in particular in crushed, gekollerter, grated, finely rolled, finely ground or powdered form is included.
  • gewettertem clay, loam or marl is understood here a material that was stored for several months outdoors before use to achieve sufficient mechanical decomposition coarser particles therein by the change of temperature and humidity.
  • the base material is activated at the same time, ie, in particular after drying of the material, reactive sites are available on its surface.
  • a gewettertes starting material is crushed, in particular to a particle size of 0.01 mm to about 2 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm crushed.
  • the described comminution such as Pulverization
  • Pulverization allows a complete hydrophobing, preferably a comprehensive ⁇ len the pulverized base material, such as marl, loam, clay or their mixed form and thus forms the necessary basis for the preparation of the mass to unfired dried water and frost resistant and diffusible intermediate and / or end products ,
  • the dried unfired material is essentially characterized in that up to 35 wt .-% of one or more organic or inorganic additive (s) are included.
  • the amount and type of additives introduced, such as fillers or leaning materials or their quantitative content has an influence on the weight and the heat transfer coefficient of the processed materials or the sample produced therefrom. This plays an important role in terms of weight reduction, easier processability and / or the increased insulating effect and also has a positive effect on the overall energy balance. It has been found that, depending on the choice whether it is inorganic or organic additives, amounts up to 35% by weight can positively influence the total material.
  • s inorganic filler or Leaning material
  • s such as sand, expanded clay or pumice or organic aggregate (s)
  • animal or vegetable fibers such as wool, wood fibers or wood shavings, reeds, jute or jute or jute fabric
  • By-products such as bark, animal and vegetable shells, corncob and bamboo and grasses is (are) chosen, it succeeds in particular to produce an unfired, dried material, which is durable under changing environmental conditions, such as humidity and temperature, without cracks or weathering demonstrate.
  • additives selected from animal or vegetable fibers such as hair, straw, reeds, inorganic aggregates, preferably pumice and / or expanded clay.
  • reed is a plant growing on or in the water and therefore also has a special resistance in terms of rotting and mold development.
  • the present invention further relates to a process for producing a dried, unfired material from at least one silicate-containing base material and a water repellent, with which a particular special durable and weatherproof material, especially frost or water resistant and material is produced.
  • the method according to the invention is essentially characterized in that after drying and comminution and permanent mixing, the silicon-containing base material is admixed with the hydrophobizing agent and water and, if appropriate, additives and is subjected to thorough mixing until homogenous, where appropriate, after shaping, the unfired material is subjected to drying until substantially complete removal of the added water.
  • the preparation of dried, unburned, diffusible, water- and frost-resistant marl, loam, clay and / or mixtures thereof is carried out with the exclusion of hydraulic binders, incorporating at least one hydrophobic, preferably one shrinkage-reducing substance.
  • the introduction of the at least one hydrophobing agent, such as sunflower oil, thistle oil or waste oil or fat or silicone oil in marl, loam, clay or mixtures thereof, has proved to be particularly advantageous.
  • These hydrophobic products are environmentally friendly, biodegradable, cost-effective and readily available.
  • the introduction of water is preferably carried out with careful continuous mixing, such as mixing, mixing or kneading or wherein the introduction of the hydrophobizing agent by spraying the water repellent and the water are made in a mixer.
  • careful continuous mixing such as mixing, mixing or kneading or wherein the introduction of the hydrophobizing agent by spraying the water repellent and the water are made in a mixer.
  • the base material in dried and in particular on particle sizes between 0.01 mm and 2 mm, in particular 0.05 and 0.5 mm crushed form is used to ensure intimate contact of the hydrophobing agent, in particular the pores of the base material.
  • additives can be added to improve the load bearing capacity, to reduce the formation of cracks or even for ecological reasons, and the process is developed in such a way that a molding process, such as an extrusion molding, is carried out for an intimate combination of the constituents.
  • the method is performed so that the base material is subjected to grinding to a particle size of from 0.01 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0.05 to 0.5 mm, before it is mixed with the hydrophobizing agent.
  • the grinding of the base material is carried out in a H redesignluft- ström, in addition to the grinding process simultaneously a drying of the base material ensures, thereby ensuring that the subsequently introduced hydrophobing agent well and safely in the pores of the Base material can be included.
  • the introduction of the hydrophobizing agent by spraying the hydrophobing agent and the water in a mixer a further homogenization and in particular an intimate contact or a physical bond between the base material and the hydrophobing agent is ensured .
  • the method is performed so that after homogenization of the silicate-containing base material and the hydrophobing agent one or more organic or inorganic additives selected from sand, wool, wood fibers or wood chips, reeds, jute or jute fibers are introduced , it is possible to further homogenize a material produced by the method of the invention, in particular to equalize its coefficient of expansion, so that a dimensional stability is guaranteed at least for long periods both during washing and exposure to low temperatures.
  • the inventive method allows the use of a variety of aggregates. Preference is given to ecological fillers and leaning materials, such as wood, reeds or fibers, preferably animal or vegetable fibers or hair, particularly preferably hemp fibers, sand or the materials used in tile production and in brick recycling, such as broken bricks, brick dust or clay.
  • ecological fillers and leaning materials such as wood, reeds or fibers, preferably animal or vegetable fibers or hair, particularly preferably hemp fibers, sand or the materials used in tile production and in brick recycling, such as broken bricks, brick dust or clay.
  • the method according to the invention is developed such that the unfired material is subjected to a pressure treatment and / or shaping before it is dried.
  • the pressure treatment is preferably carried out by intensive compaction, such as by intensive, pressure-forced kneading, beating, compressing, hemming, pressing or pressing.
  • Test specimens show no change, no softening of the surface. There was no particle detachment from the surface and also no impairment of the material or the specimen or to any change in dimensional stability. Furthermore, the material has a good diffusibility, building capacity and a low heat transfer coefficient.
  • the fine "loam and / or clay film" which is formed by the introduction of water during the process and which preferably covers the already hydrophobically introduced fillers after mixing or stirring, causes the aggregates to stick together. Formation and the mass can be left after the completion of the mixing and / or the Verrrittungsreaes, for example, rest, in order to take advantage of a possible diffusion of the particles.
  • the "clay / tone film” after drying causes the cohesion and strength of the hydrophobized water- and frost-resistant material or the body.It should be noted that for a good cohesion, the already hydrophobic clay- and / or clay-coated particles, as well as the possible added aggregates are brought into the closest possible contact.This close contact is brought about by the careful mixing and on the other hand by the intensive compaction of the mass.
  • this scaffold increases the compressive strength of the material, while on the other hand it reduces its shrinkage to a very small, negligible value.
  • the masses processed into shaped bodies can preferably be smoothed.
  • the preferred smoothing according to the invention of the moist surface of the moldings, preferably the pore closure by smoothing, is particularly preferably carried out by using a screed blade and / or a slicer before various moisture-resistant and frost-resistant products are produced.
  • the dried, unfired material can be processed, for example, into moisture-resistant and frost-resistant solid moldings, into moisture-resistant and frost-resistant ramming, pouring, pouring and pumping materials or for the production of masonry mortar, plaster, building materials, structural elements, hybrid building materials, for hybrid building elements, thermal renovation building materials, building bricks, roofing tiles, pipes, floor slabs, indoor and outdoor floor tiles, brick-like prefabricated elements, rammed earth walls, rammed earth elements, ceiling elements, interior and exterior ceiling cladding elements, interior wall cladding elements and outdoor, bulk goods, insulation, moisture barriers for buildings and for waterworking devices, flat roof waterproofing, home furnishings, for indoor and outdoor use, as a substitute for fired pottery and ceramics, ovens - and wall tiles, ornaments, works of art are used.
  • wetted clay For the preparation of a specimen clay, preferably for at least a few months wetted clay a drying treatment in a hot air stream at 120 ° C in a ball mill and simultaneously ground to a grain size of 0.5 to 2 mm.
  • a drying treatment in a hot air stream at 120 ° C in a ball mill and simultaneously ground to a grain size of 0.5 to 2 mm.
  • 13 g of a mixture of 50% by weight of thistle oil and sunflower oil are added slowly with constant stirring and turning over of the loam powder and 30 g of oiled wood particles are added, the oiled wood particles being 15 g of dried wood chips which was oiled with 15 g of a mixture of sunflower and safflower oil (1: 1) for a period of 3 hours under pressure, and after completion of the spraying and introduction is stirred for an additional 10 minutes.
  • a block is produced by compression molding with the dimensions 5 x 5 x 5 cm with subsequent smoothing of the surface and this block is subjected to a drying treatment, wherein it 8 hours in a hot air stream with a temperature gradient of 70 to 120 ° C to Constant weight of the specimen was dried. After cooling to ambient temperature, the specimen had a homogeneous, in particular crack-free, exterior.
  • Wood particles dry
  • 12 g of silicone oil 12 g

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau non cuit et séché, constitué d'au moins une matière de base contenant du silicate, et d'un agent hydrophobe. Le matériau contient entre 35 et 95 % en poids d'une matière de base choisie parmi la marne, l'argile, la terre glaise ou leurs mélanges et au moins 8 % en poids d'au moins un agent hydrophobe sélectionné parmi des huiles ou des graisses et éventuellement au moins un produit d'addition organique ou inorganique, le reste étant constitué d'eau. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'un matériau non cuit et séché, qui se distingue par sa tenue à l'eau et au gel.
EP13728092.1A 2012-04-18 2013-04-18 Matériau non cuit et séché constitué d'une matière de base contenant du silicate, et d'un agent hydrophobe, procédé de production de ce matériau Withdrawn EP2874969A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA467/2012A AT512883B1 (de) 2012-04-18 2012-04-18 Getrockneter, ungebrannter, diffusionsfähiger, wasserresistenter und frostresistenter, ökonomischer, ökologischer Mergel und/oder Ton und/oder Lehm und/oder Mischformen davon
PCT/AT2013/000076 WO2013155542A2 (fr) 2012-04-18 2013-04-18 Matériau non cuit et séché constitué d'une matière de base contenant du silicate, et d'un agent hydrophobe, procédé de production de ce matériau

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2874969A2 true EP2874969A2 (fr) 2015-05-27

Family

ID=48606978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13728092.1A Withdrawn EP2874969A2 (fr) 2012-04-18 2013-04-18 Matériau non cuit et séché constitué d'une matière de base contenant du silicate, et d'un agent hydrophobe, procédé de production de ce matériau

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2874969A2 (fr)
AT (1) AT512883B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013155542A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU230624B1 (hu) * 2013-10-29 2017-04-28 Molnárbeton Betongyártó És Kereskedelmi Kft Eljárás csökkentett vízfelvételi tulajdonságú cellulóz tartalmú cementkötésű betontermékek előállítására, és a kapott betontermék alkalmazása
PT3142981T (pt) * 2014-05-13 2021-01-05 Criaterra Innovations Ltd Processo para manufatura de artigos recicláveis e degradáveis
WO2021136950A1 (fr) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 Mg Építész Kft. Procédé de production de blocs de maçonnerie non cuits et de tels blocs de maçonnerie
EP3845506A1 (fr) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-07 MG Építész Kft. Procédé de fabrication de blocs de maçonnerie crues et tels blocs de maçonnerie
CN115093148B (zh) * 2022-06-27 2023-09-15 深圳大学 一种疏水再生材料及其制备方法和应用

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT512883B1 (de) 2017-09-15
WO2013155542A2 (fr) 2013-10-24
WO2013155542A3 (fr) 2013-12-12
AT512883A1 (de) 2013-11-15

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