EP2906800A1 - Procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion interne equipe d'une double suralimentation - Google Patents
Procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion interne equipe d'une double suralimentationInfo
- Publication number
- EP2906800A1 EP2906800A1 EP13762168.6A EP13762168A EP2906800A1 EP 2906800 A1 EP2906800 A1 EP 2906800A1 EP 13762168 A EP13762168 A EP 13762168A EP 2906800 A1 EP2906800 A1 EP 2906800A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mechanical compressor
- pressure
- bypass
- bypass valve
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/001—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust using exhaust drives arranged in parallel
- F02B37/002—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust using exhaust drives arranged in parallel the exhaust supply to one of the exhaust drives can be interrupted
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
- F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
- F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
- F02B39/04—Mechanical drives; Variable-gear-ratio drives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0402—Engine intake system parameters the parameter being determined by using a model of the engine intake or its components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0406—Intake manifold pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0414—Air temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of control of thermal engines, in particular for thermal engines equipped with a double supercharging.
- a supercharging of an engine is called increasing the amount of air and fuel mixture in the engine cylinders relative to normal operation.
- the supercharging, and a fortiori the double supercharging can increase the efficiency of a heat engine without changing the speed of rotation.
- the engine torque depends on the angle formed between the connecting rod and the crankshaft, the pressure of the gases inside the cylinder, called Effective Mean Pressure (or MSY) and the pressure the amount of fuel introduced.
- MSY Effective Mean Pressure
- the gaseous mixture is compressed at the intake of the engine (essentially comprising air and optionally flue gases).
- This compression can be achieved by the compressor of a turbocharger which is driven by the exhaust gas by means of a turbine, or compression can be effected by a separate mechanical compressor, which can be driven by the crankshaft of the engine.
- Double supercharging is called when the gas mixture at the intake is compressed twice: for example, a first time by a compressor of the turbocharger and a second time by a mechanical compressor located in the engine intake circuit.
- the mechanical compressor dynamically controlled, compensates for the inertia of the turbocharger.
- the boost pressure In order to control the air pressure at the intake, called the boost pressure, it is possible to modify the behavior of the two compressors.
- a valve called bypass valve, which is placed in parallel with the compressor and deflects the air to the compressor according to its opening which is controlled.
- a controlled clutch is inserted between a gearbox and the mechanical compressor. The clutch allows the activation or deactivation of the mechanical compressor.
- the mechanical compressor is disabled for high engine speeds (the limit speed depends on the drive ratio between the crankshaft and the mechanical compressor).
- VVT variable geometry turbine
- the controlled modification of the geometry causes a change in the speed of rotation of the turbocharger and thus a modification of the compression.
- the supercharging pressure is the result of two variables controlled by the VGT turbine and the bypass valve: the pressure downstream of the turbocharger (that is to say in upstream of the mechanical compressor) and the compression ratio of the mechanical compressor. These two quantities having different response times: the upstream mechanical compressor pressure being slow compared to the compression ratio of the mechanical compressor due to the inertia of the turbocharger, the control of the double supercharging must control the two components so as to ensure speed of response.
- a dual boost control method must then meet the following three objectives:
- Patent EP 1 844 222 B1 describes a heat engine equipped with a double supercharging and a double supercharging control method.
- the engine described in this document comprises an additional valve controlled between the turbocharger and the mechanical compressor, which makes the system more complex to produce and control (the number of actuators to be controlled is higher).
- the control method described in this document does not take into account the physical behavior of the gas flow rates on admission.
- the invention relates to a control method of a heat engine equipped with a double supercharging, in which the bypass valve is controlled by determining an opening instruction of this valve by means of a model for filling the supercharging volume.
- the model makes it possible to take into account the physical behavior of the gas flows on admission.
- the opening instruction makes it possible to control the double supercharging in a fast, robust and optimal energy way.
- the invention relates to a method of controlling a heat engine equipped with a supercharging system, said supercharging system comprising a turbocharger and a mechanical compressor for compressing a gaseous mixture at the intake of said engine and a bypass circuit disposed in parallel of said mechanical compressor comprising a controlled bypass valve.
- a supercharging system comprising a turbocharger and a mechanical compressor for compressing a gaseous mixture at the intake of said engine and a bypass circuit disposed in parallel of said mechanical compressor comprising a controlled bypass valve.
- a pressure P avcm and a temperature T avcm upstream of said mechanical compressor are determined as well as a P sural pressure and a supercharging T sural temperature at the intake of said engine, said charging model of the supercharging volume connecting the supercharging pressure P mral the bypass opening of said bypass valve by means of said P DALY pressure and said temperature T DALY upstream of said mechanical compressor, and said temperature T mral supercharging.
- said pressure P mral and said supercharging temperature T m are determined by means of sensors respectively of pressure and temperature arranged upstream of the intake manifold of said engine.
- T avcm upstream of said mechanical compressor are determined by means of respectively pressure and temperature sensors arranged upstream of said mechanical compressor.
- said pressure P avcm and said temperature T avcm upstream of said mechanical compressor are determined by means of an estimator dependent on said P sural pressure and said sural T sural temperature.
- said mechanical compressor is driven by the crankshaft of said engine by means of a gearbox and a clutch) controlled according to said Bypass sp opening setpoint of said bypass valve.
- said mechanical compressor is driven by an electric motor.
- said clutch is controlled by performing the following steps: i) the engine speed Ne is determined; and
- said predetermined threshold is determined as a function of the maximum speed allowed by said mechanical compressor and the reduction ratio r cm between said crankshaft and said mechanical compressor.
- said filling model is determined by means of a filling equation of said supercharging volume defined by a conservation formula of
- said filling model is an open-loop filling model which is written by a relationship of the type
- RT the volumetric flow rate of said mechanical compressor, D s gas flow setpoint aspirated by the cylinders of said engine and ⁇ the pressure losses in an air cooler located between said turbocharger and said mechanical compressor.
- Figure 1 illustrates a heat engine equipped with a double supercharging.
- Figure 2 illustrates the areas of use of a mechanical compressor in a plan speed, torque.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an instrumented thermal engine according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 4a) to 4c) illustrate the supercharging pressure, the opening of the bypass valve and the opening of the VGT turbine for an open-loop control according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention for a regime of 1000 rpm.
- FIGS. 5a) to 5c) illustrate the supercharging pressure, the opening of the bypass valve and the opening of the VGT turbine for an open-loop control according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention for a 2500 rpm speed.
- FIGS. 6a) to 6c) illustrate the supercharging pressure, the opening of the bypass valve and the opening of the VGT turbine for open-loop control according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention for different RPMs: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 RPM.
- FIGS. 7a) to 7d) illustrate the boost pressure, the bypass valve opening, the VGT turbine opening and the effective average pressure (PME) for open loop control according to one embodiment.
- the method according to the invention for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 rpm with atmospheric pressure variations.
- FIGS. 8a) to 8d) illustrate the boost pressure, the bypass valve opening, the VGT turbine opening and the effective average pressure (PME) for an open loop control according to one embodiment.
- the method according to the invention for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 rpm with variations in atmospheric temperature.
- FIGS. 9a) to 9d) illustrate the boost pressure, the bypass valve opening, the VGT turbine opening and the effective average pressure (PME) for an open loop control according to one embodiment. of the process according to the invention for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 rpm with variations in the amount of fuel injected.
- FIGS. 10a) to 10c) illustrate the supercharging pressure, the opening of the bypass valve and the VGT turbine (in the same figure) and the effective average pressure (PME) for an open-loop control according to a embodiment of the method according to the invention for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 rpm taking into account dispersions at the sensors and components of the supercharging system.
- Figures 1 1 a) and 1 1 b) represent the absolute value of the static error of the supercharging pressure over one thousand dispersed tests for an open loop control according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Figures 12a) to 12c) correspond to Figures 6a) to 6c) for a closed-loop control according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Figures 13a) to 13c) correspond to Figures 10a) to 10c) for a closed loop control according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Figures 14a) and 14b) correspond to Figures 1 1 a) and 1 1 b) for a closed-loop control according to a second embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- Figures 15a) to 15c) respectively illustrate the speed, the boost pressure and the positions of the actuators for a foot to the floor from 1000 rpm.
- Figures 16a) and 16b) illustrate the boost pressure and acceleration of the vehicle for one foot to the floor from 1000 rpm for different gear ratios.
- Figures 17a) to 17c) correspond to Figures 15a) to 15c) for an engine speed of 2500 rpm.
- Figures 18a) and 18b) correspond to Figures 16a) and 16b) for an engine speed of 2500 rpm.
- FIG. 1 represents a heat engine equipped with a double supercharger that can be controlled by the method according to the invention.
- An engine (1) is equipped with an intake circuit and an exhaust circuit. In the intake circuit are arranged in the direction of air circulation: an air filter (7), the compressor of the turbocharger (2), a first supercharged air cooler (6), a mechanical compressor ( 3) and a second supercharged air cooler (5).
- a branch circuit In parallel with the mechanical compressor is a branch circuit, said bypass circuit, comprising a bypass valve (4).
- the turbocharger turbine (2) In the exhaust system, there is the turbocharger turbine (2), this turbine is variable geometry (VGT).
- VVT variable geometry
- the mechanical compressor (3) is driven by the crankshaft of the engine (1) by transmission means, including a belt, and by means of a clutch (1 1).
- the mechanical compressor (3) can be driven by a controlled electric motor.
- the supercharged air coolers (5, 6) are used to cool the air that has been heated during successive compressions.
- the engine may include an exhaust gas recirculation circuit (EGR) comprising a cooler (10) and a valve (9), called the EGR valve.
- EGR exhaust gas recirculation circuit
- the flue gases circulating mix with fresh air between the air filter (7) and the compressor of the turbocharger (2).
- the engine (1) as shown comprises four cylinders. These last two characteristics (EGR and number of cylinders) are independent of the control method according to the invention and are not limiting.
- the method according to the invention is also adapted to the heat engine provided with a double supercharging for which the mechanical compressor is not driven by the crankshaft of the engine, but for example by an electric motor.
- Figure 2 shows in a torque diagram C as a function of the engine speed No different areas of use of the double supercharging.
- zone Z1 for low torques, it is in operation said atmospheric; that is to say the intake pressure is at atmospheric pressure, which corresponds to the conventional operation of the engine without supercharging.
- zone Z2 at low speed, the turbocharger is not sufficient to increase the boost pressure, the bypass valve is used, the VGT actuator is then positioned at the optimum efficiency of the turbomachine.
- the mechanical compressor is used as little as possible, that is to say that the charge is carried out thanks to the turbocharger via the VGT actuator (zone Z4).
- the mechanical compressor is used only for transient conditions to compensate for the slowness of the turbocharger.
- S designates a predetermined threshold beyond which the mechanical compressor is not used, S is determined as a function of the maximum speed allowed by the mechanical compressor (derived from manufacturer data) and the characteristics of the reduction ratio between the crankshaft and mechanical compressor.On can choose this threshold S substantially equal to 3000 rpm.
- the method according to the invention relates to the control of a heat engine equipped with a double supercharging. To control the heat engine, the following steps are carried out: 1) determination of pressures and temperatures within the intake circuit
- the last stage of activation of the mechanical compressor is an optional step which is valid only if the mechanical compressor is driven by the crankshaft of the engine by means of a clutch.
- upstream and downstream are defined with respect to the direction of the flow of gases at the inlet and the exhaust.
- the following notations are used:
- V sural supercharging volume between the engine intake valves (1) on the one hand and the mechanical compressor (3) and the bypass valve (4) on the other hand.
- V sural boost volume between the engine intake valves on the one hand and the mechanical compressor (3) and the bypass valve (4) on the other hand.
- R specific constant of the perfect gases, which is the same for all the gases concerned here (air and exhaust gas), and which is worth 288 J / kg / K.
- r cm reduction ratio between the mechanical compressor (3) and the crankshaft (when the mechanical compressor is driven by the engine).
- volumetric flow rate of the mechanical compressor (3) • ⁇ : volumetric flow rate of the mechanical compressor (3).
- the volumetric flow rate is obtained from a map, which may be part of the data supplied by the supplier of the mechanical compressor (3).
- K i and K p calibration parameters of the feedback loop for the closed loop embodiment.
- PME average effective pressure, it corresponds to the ratio between the work provided by the engine (1) during a cycle and the displacement of the engine (1).
- a mechanical compressor (3) driven by the crankshaft of the combustion engine (1) is considered, however the method according to the invention is also valid for a mechanical compressor (3). ) driven by an electric motor.
- Step 1) Determination of the pressures and temperatures within the intake circuit
- the method according to the invention requires the knowledge of physical quantities within the circuit. 'admission. This is the pressure P avcm and the temperature T avcm upstream of said mechanical compressor (3) and the pressure P and temperature T mral mral supercharging the intake of said engine (1).
- a P DALY pressure and temperature T is measured in DALY output of the first supercharged air cooler (6) and measuring a pressure P and a temperature mral T mral boost the output of the second cooler supercharged air (5).
- a pressure P avcm and a temperature T avcm are determined by means of an estimator.
- an estimator based on a dynamic model in the volume upstream of the mechanical compressor using the law of retention of flows and to determine the temperature T avcm one uses a map of the supercharged air cooler (6) and the estimated pressure P avcm .
- Step 2 acquisition of a boost pressure setpoint
- a model for filling the supercharging volume is constructed.
- the boost volume is delimited on the one hand by the engine intake valves and on the other hand by the mechanical compressor (3) and the bypass valve (4).
- the filling model connects the supercharging pressure P sural to the Bypass opening of the bypass valve (4) by means of the pressure P avcm and the temperature T avcm upstream of the mechanical compressor (3) as well as said booster sural temperature T.
- the filling model reflects the filling of the supercharging volume and takes into account the physical phenomena involved for this filling.
- the evolution of the pressure downstream of the mechanical compressor is governed by the filling dynamics of the volume located upstream of the valves. This dynamic is written by a formula of the type:
- the boost pressure dynamics can be written as a formula of the type:
- Step 4 calculation of the opening setpoint of the bv-pass valve
- Step 5 Control of the bv-pass valve
- the setpoint is applied to the bypass valve (4) to attain the supercharging pressure setpoint P ⁇ ral expected.
- the desired load of the motor is obtained.
- Step 6 Activation of the mechanical compressor
- a clutch (1 1) is inserted between a gearbox and the compressor (3).
- the control of this clutch (1 1) causes the activation and deactivation of the compressor (3): in fact, it is usually an "on-off" command.
- the clutch (1 1) is closed when in the area of use of the mechanical compressor (zones Z2 and Z3 of Figure 2) and otherwise open (zones Z1 and Z4 of Figure 2).
- the control of the clutch (1 1) is directly related to the control of the bypass valve, that is to say to the opening setpoint Bypass sp of the bypass valve (4 ).
- the mechanical compressor (3) is engaged. It is disengaged in the opposite case.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for the control of a heat engine, in particular for vehicles and more particularly motor vehicles.
- the heat engine concerned may be a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. Variations of realization
- a loopback is made to determine the Bypass sp opening setpoint of the bypass valve, which is then referred to as control closed loop. This makes it possible to reduce the static error between the measured boost pressure and its setpoint.
- variable-geometry turbocharger VGT (2) can be controlled by means of a determined setpoint with a mapping of the turbocompressor (2).
- FIGS. 4 to 11 correspond to the open-loop control as described in step 4) and FIGS. 12 to 14 correspond to the closed-loop control as described in the variant embodiment paragraph.
- FIGS. 4a) to 4c) show a load tap at a speed of 1000 rpm (zone Z2 of FIG. 2).
- Figure 4a) shows the supercharging pressure setpoint P ⁇ ral and measured P TM s and the pressure measured upstream of the mechanical compressor P TM m s.
- the two figures 4b) and 4c) show the openings of the air actuators, the bypass valve and the VGT (setpoints and measurements). For all the figures, the openings are expressed in%, 0% means that the actuator is closed, while 100% means that the actuator is completely open.
- the torque request occurs at 2 seconds.
- the requested supercharging pressure is then about 2100 mbar.
- the opening of the VGT turbocharger (2) is positioned by a mapping plus a proportional term on the boost pressure error and the VGT closes at the beginning of the transient regime.
- the bypass valve (4) closes sharply and then reopens to find a constant open position in steady state.
- the significant closing of the bypass valve has the effect of accelerating the boost pressure response by compensating for the slowness of the turbocharger.
- FIGS. 5a) to 5c) correspond to FIGS. 4a) to 4c) for a speed of 2500 rpm (zone Z3 of FIG. 2).
- the mechanical compressor (3) is not necessary to achieve the required load.
- the open loop control according to the invention uses it during a transient regime to accelerate the boost pressure response. It is clearly seen in Figure 5b) that the bypass valve is initially open (low load), then closes during the transient, and finally reopens when the desired supercharging pressure is achieved.
- This test shows the acceleration of the system obtained by using the mechanical compressor (3) in transient state.
- Figures 6a) to 6c) show couples under torque for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 rpm.
- the figures respectively represent the P sural supercharging pressure (as well as the upstream mechanical compressor pressure), the position of the Bypass bypass valve and the position of the VGT.
- the robustness of the control method is then checked with respect to atmospheric conditions (variations in atmospheric pressure and atmospheric temperature) and vis-à-vis the quantity of fuel injected.
- Figures 7a) to 7d) and 8a) to 8d) show load transients for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 rpm. Several cases are then compared: 813, 913, 1013 and 1113 mbar for variations in atmospheric pressure (FIGS. 7) and 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 ° C. for variations in atmospheric temperature (FIG. 8).
- Figures 7a) and 8a) show the boost pressure. It is found that the pressure monitoring is good in the different cases. At 1000 rpm, the transient is slower at low pressures due to the saturation of the bypass actuator (4).
- Figures 7b), 7c) and 8b), 8c) show the position of the actuators. It is clear here that the open loop strategy modifies the position of the bypass valve (4) so as to satisfy the supercharging pressure. In this way, the strategy is freed from the use of correction maps depending on the atmospheric conditions.
- Figures 7d) and 8d) give the average effective pressure (PME). It can be seen here that the open-loop strategy makes it possible to maintain the same brilliance when the atmospheric conditions change.
- the term brio is a technical term in the automotive field that qualifies the performance / feeling of driving a vehicle during the full load phase. For example, a supercharged engine will suffer from a brio less than an atmospheric engine for the same power.
- Figures 9a) to 9d) show load transients for different regimes: 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 rpm. Different cases are then compared: -4, -2, 0, 2 and 4 mg of fuel compared to a nominal injection.
- the unit mg / st stands for mg / stroke, ie the amount in each cylinder at each stroke, ie every 90 ° rotation of the crankshaft for a 4-stroke 4-cylinder engine.
- Figure 9a shows the P supercharging pressure . Note that the pressure response is the same for the different cases.
- Figures 9b) and 9c) show the position of the actuators. It is clearly seen here again that the open-loop control modifies the position of the bypass valve (4) so as to satisfy the supercharging pressure. Indeed, the variation of the injection conditions has a strong impact on the exhaust pressure and therefore on the operation of the turbocharger (2). The control of the double supercharging compensates automatically this loss of performance of the turbocharger (2) by closing more or less the bypass valve.
- control method is robust vis-à-vis atmospheric conditions and vis-à-vis the conditions of the injection.
- the robustness of the control method with respect to dispersions concerning the different sensors and systems is then verified.
- the purpose of dispersions is to simulate a difference between vehicles when they leave the factory. A sample of one thousand vehicles is considered. The dispersions follow a Gaussian distribution.
- the dispersions on the sensors are as follows:
- boost pressure sensor three sigma at 35 mbar (which means that the probability that the actual value of the pressure is less than 35 mbar of the measured value is 99.7%),
- Pressure sensor upstream mechanical compressor three sigma 35 mbar (it should be noted that the two pressure sensors can be recaled between them, the dispersions subsequently applied are identical for these two sensors),
- Figures 10a) to 10c) show the same load transients at different regimes as in Figures 6a) to 6c).
- the thousand samples representing the thousand vehicles leaving the factory are simulated.
- the dispersions of the sensors and components of the supercharging system are present at the same time.
- the three figures present the supercharging pressure (FIG. 10a), the position of the actuators (VGT and bypass valve) (FIG. 10b) and the PME (at engine output, ie taking into account the average pressure of PMF friction induced by the use of the mechanical compressor) (Figure 10c).
- the curves in bold lines represent the case of nominal operation, without any dispersion (equivalent to the results of FIG. 6), and the curves in fine lines represent the thousand scattered cases.
- boost pressure transient is slightly impacted by the presence of the dispersions.
- the static error obtained is also limited to a hundred millibars.
- Figure 10b shows that the trajectory of the position of the actuators strongly changes according to the dispersions, especially at higher speeds. This is explained by the fact that at high speed, the pressure difference across the bypass valve (4) is lower. An error in the measurement of the upstream and downstream pressures of the latter will thus induce a strong modification of the pre-positioning of the bypass valve (4). It is important to note, however, that this change in actuator position has no impact on the system output which is the boost pressure.
- Figure 10c shows the response in PME which seems to be only relatively impacted by the dispersions applied, of the order of 1 bar (depending on whether the mechanical compressor is disengaged or not at the end of the transient).
- FIGS. 11a and 11b show the response time Tr at 95% and the value of the overshoot D of the boost pressure corresponding to the results of FIG. 10.
- the horizontal lines of the rectangle define the second quartile, median and third quartile.
- the lines outside the rectangle represent the three-sigma interval (99.7% of the points are in the range).
- the points defined by crosses are marginal points.
- the response time Tr is almost independent of the engine speed Ne, due to the compensation of the slowness of the turbocharger (2) by the mechanical compressor (3).
- the static error is relatively low as attested by the value of the overshoot D. This means that the open-loop control is robust with respect to the dispersions.
- a static error is still present in the presence of dispersions.
- a closed-loop command can completely cancel the latter.
- FIG. 12a) to 12c) show couples for different diets:
- FIG. 12a The figures respectively represent the supercharging pressure (FIG. 12a), the position of the actuators (VGT and Bypass) (FIG. 12b) and the PME (at the engine output, i.e. taking into account the use of the mechanical compressor) (FIG. 12c).
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show the same load transients at different speeds as in Figure 12.
- FIG. 13 shows the supercharging pressure (FIG. 13a), the position of the actuators (VGT and bypass valve) (FIG. 13b) as well as the PME (at engine output, ie taking into account the use of the mechanical compressor) (Figure 13c).
- the curves in bold lines represent the case of nominal operation, without any dispersion (equivalent to the results of FIG. 12), and the curves in fine lines represent the thousand scattered cases.
- FIGS. 14a) and 14b) give the 95% response time Tr as well as the excess of the supercharging pressure D over the thousand scattered tests.
- the horizontal lines of the rectangle define the second quartile, the median and the third quartile.
- the lines outside the rectangle represent the three-sigma interval (99.7% of the points are in the range).
- the points defined by crosses are marginal points.
- Figure 14b shows the excess D of the boost pressure. It can be seen here that it is constant over the entire speed range and that its maximum value does not exceed 150 mbar.
- control method according to the invention whether in open loop or closed loop is very robust vis-à-vis the dispersions from the sensors and / or the components of the supercharging system.
- Transient validation of a vehicle is performed to verify the performance of the dual boost control method.
- a vehicle model (of the family car type) has been developed.
- Figures 15a) to 15c) have a foot BV3 bottom (3 rd ratio of the gearbox) at 1000 rpm.
- the dashed vertical line indicates the moment when the speed exceeds 3000 rpm, ie the speed from which the mechanical compressor (3) is necessarily disengaged.
- Figure 15a shows the evolution of the engine speed Ne.
- Figure 15b shows the set boost pressure and the measurement. It can be seen here that the pressure transient is rapid and takes place far enough away from the limit zone of use of the mechanical compressor (3).
- Figure 15c shows the position of the actuators: the bypass valve (4), the VGT (2) and the clutch (1 1) of the mechanical compressor. It can be seen that at the beginning of the transient, the compressor (3) is engaged, the bypass valve (4) closes to obtain the required boost pressure and the VGT (2) closes. After a while, the bypass valve (4) reopens and the mechanical compressor (3) is disengaged, the latter being superfluous since the turbocharger (2) can ensure only the requested boost pressure.
- Figures 16a) and 16b) give the performances obtained on all the reports of the box on feet at 1000 rpm.
- Figure 16a shows the reference supercharging pressure (dashed) and measurement (in solid lines). We see that the response dynamics are similar for all reports. The final value changes because the supercharging pressure is set P ° ral
- Figure 16b shows the corresponding vehicle acceleration for each of the reports.
- Figures 17a) to 17c) has a bottom foot BV3 (3 rd report) at 2500 rpm.
- the dashed vertical line indicates the moment when the speed exceeds 3000 rpm, ie the speed from which the mechanical compressor (3) is necessarily disengaged.
- Figure 17a shows the evolution of the engine speed.
- Figure 17b) shows the set boost pressure and the measurement. It can be seen that the pressure transient is very fast.
- Figure 17c) gives the position of the actuators: the bypass valve (4), the VGT (2) and the clutch (1 1) of the mechanical compressor (3). It can be seen that at the beginning of the transient, the compressor (3) is engaged, the bypass valve (4) closes to obtain the required boost pressure and the VGT (2) closes. After a while, the bypass valve (4) reopens and the mechanical compressor (3) is disengaged, the latter being superfluous since the turbocharger (2) can ensure only the requested boost pressure.
- transients at 2500 rpm do not require the use of the mechanical compressor (3) to achieve the full load, the latter can be provided only by the turbocharger (2).
- the control according to the invention makes it possible to use the mechanical compressor in the transient phases in order to accelerate the dynamics of the supercharging pressure.
- Figures 18a) and 18b) show a comparison between a transient use of the mechanical compressor (full mileage) and a single use of the turbocharger (dotted line) which would correspond to a basic control of the double supercharging.
- Fig. 18a shows the boost pressure measurement
- Fig. 18b shows the acceleration a of the corresponding vehicle for each of the ratios of the gearbox.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1202420A FR2995355B1 (fr) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Procede de commande d'un moteur thermique equipe d'une double suralimentation |
| PCT/FR2013/051928 WO2014041271A1 (fr) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-08-12 | Procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion interne equipe d'une double suralimentation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2906800A1 true EP2906800A1 (fr) | 2015-08-19 |
Family
ID=47424938
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13762168.6A Withdrawn EP2906800A1 (fr) | 2012-09-11 | 2013-08-12 | Procede de commande d'un moteur a combustion interne equipe d'une double suralimentation |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9879592B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2906800A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2995355B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014041271A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2995354B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-09-12 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de determination d'une pression en amont d'un compresseur pour un moteur equipe d'une double suralimentation |
| DE102014003276A1 (de) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-17 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Brennkraftmaschine,insbesondere Gasmotor,für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| GB2547704B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2020-02-12 | Delphi Automotive Systems Lux | Method to determine the intake air temperature in an engine system |
| JP6344438B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-06-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
| GB201617825D0 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2016-12-07 | Ford Global Tech Llc | A boosted engine system of a motor vehicle |
| DE102018207621B3 (de) | 2018-05-16 | 2019-08-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Steuerventil für einen Kühlerkreislauf, Anordnung mit dem Steuerventilund Verfahren zum Steuern eines Flüssigkeitsstroms in der Anordnung |
| CN112424461B (zh) | 2018-06-29 | 2023-06-16 | 沃尔沃卡车集团 | 运行四冲程内燃发动机系统的方法 |
| US20200049060A1 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Engine system and method of controlling a turbocharger and turbocharger of an engine system |
| FR3085440A1 (fr) | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-06 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de controle d'un moteur a combustion interne avec double admission |
| FR3085439B1 (fr) | 2018-08-30 | 2021-07-16 | Ifp Energies Now | Dispositif et systeme de controle d'un moteur a combustion interne avec double admission et balayage |
| CN120083611A (zh) * | 2025-03-05 | 2025-06-03 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种基于老化损耗的发动机控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10145038A1 (de) * | 2001-09-13 | 2003-04-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben wenigstens eines Laders eines Verbrennungsmotors |
| DE10241886A1 (de) * | 2002-09-10 | 2004-03-11 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Erkennung der Strömungsumkehr an der Verdichtungsdrosselklappe bei mehrfach aufgeladener Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE10320277A1 (de) * | 2003-05-07 | 2004-12-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102005004122A1 (de) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Brennkraftmaschine mit Doppelaufladungen und Verfahren zum Betreiben dieser |
| US7788923B2 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2010-09-07 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Constant EGR rate engine and method |
| US7484368B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2009-02-03 | Eaton Corporation | Clutched super turbo control strategy |
| DE102006062213B4 (de) | 2006-12-22 | 2018-07-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Aufladeeinrichtung eines Verbrennungsmotors im Aufladebetrieb |
| DE102007022703B3 (de) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-20 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Steuern einer aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine |
| US8078385B2 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2011-12-13 | Aqwest Llc | Supercharged internal combustion engine system |
| DE102008034323B4 (de) * | 2008-07-23 | 2014-06-26 | Continental Mechanical Components Germany Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Drucks vor dem Verdichter eines Turboladers zur Ermittlung des Verscchmutzungsgrades eines Luftfilters, der vor dem Verdichter des Turboladers angeordnet ist. |
| FR2949140B1 (fr) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-10-14 | Renault Sa | Procede de regulation d'un systeme de suralimentation d'un moteur a combustion interne |
| KR101234633B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-02-19 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 터보 랙 개선 장치 |
| US9140199B2 (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2015-09-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Combustion mode switching with a turbocharged/supercharged engine |
| JP5420013B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2014-02-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置およびその制御方法 |
| FR2995354B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-09-12 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de determination d'une pression en amont d'un compresseur pour un moteur equipe d'une double suralimentation |
| FR2998924B1 (fr) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-11-21 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de commande d'un moteur thermique equipe d'une double suralimentation |
| JP6115580B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-20 | 2017-04-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
| CN107709738B (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2019-03-26 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 内燃机的控制方法以及控制装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-09-11 FR FR1202420A patent/FR2995355B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-08-12 EP EP13762168.6A patent/EP2906800A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-08-12 US US14/427,480 patent/US9879592B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-12 WO PCT/FR2013/051928 patent/WO2014041271A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014041271A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9879592B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
| FR2995355A1 (fr) | 2014-03-14 |
| US20150247447A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
| FR2995355B1 (fr) | 2017-03-10 |
| WO2014041271A1 (fr) | 2014-03-20 |
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