EP2914746A2 - Procede de determination du vieillissement independamment du sexe - Google Patents

Procede de determination du vieillissement independamment du sexe

Info

Publication number
EP2914746A2
EP2914746A2 EP13802255.3A EP13802255A EP2914746A2 EP 2914746 A2 EP2914746 A2 EP 2914746A2 EP 13802255 A EP13802255 A EP 13802255A EP 2914746 A2 EP2914746 A2 EP 2914746A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seq
sample
aging
subject
genes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP13802255.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
James ADJAYE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Makrantonaki Eugenia
Zouboulis Christos C
Original Assignee
Makrantonaki Eugenia
Zouboulis Christos C
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Makrantonaki Eugenia, Zouboulis Christos C filed Critical Makrantonaki Eugenia
Publication of EP2914746A2 publication Critical patent/EP2914746A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
    • C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
    • G01N33/6881—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids from skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
    • C12Q2600/124—Animal traits, i.e. production traits, including athletic performance or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
    • C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
    • C12Q2600/16—Primer sets for multiplex assays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining the state of aging of a subject.
  • the method allows starting from certain nucleic acids or proteins and their expression levels
  • Age-related conditions within the meaning of this invention may be more particularly
  • the present invention also relates to a group of genes whose expression levels differ from the aging state of the subject - also
  • the invention relates to the determination of the expression level of the genes and the use of the
  • This invention also relates to devices, in particular arrays and chips, which can be used to determine the state of aging of a subject.
  • an object of the present invention is to enable a reliable and rapid, even gender-independent determination of the healthy state of aging of a subject, so that one can determine individual deviations that can lead to diseases.
  • the object is achieved by a method comprising the following steps: a. Providing a cell sample of a subject,
  • Comparison value wherein the comparison value is the expression level of the corresponding gene in a comparison sample and wherein the
  • expression level refers to the content of gene product of a particular gene per cell.
  • the gene product can be present both in the form of RNA and in the form of proteins.
  • the determination of the expression level can therefore be the determination of the amount of a protein or a nucleic acid, in particular RNA, include.
  • aging state preferably refers to the postnatal age of the subject
  • the state of aging is preferably to be regarded as the number of passages of the respective culture
  • the aging state can also be the presence of an age-associated disease or another age-associated condition
  • cancers especially cancers but also autoimmune diseases, e.g.
  • Erysipelas Erysipelas, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, zoster, metabolic diseases such. Metabolic syndrome, vascular diseases e.g. chronic venous
  • Insufficiency insufficiency, arterial occlusive disease, neurodegenerative diseases z. B. M. Alzheimer's, M. Parkinson's, musculoskeletal diseases, eg osteoporosis, Diseases of the internal organs such as coronary heart disease, COPD, precancerous lesions and tumors of the skin, eg. B. actinic keratoses,
  • Basal cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, leg ulcera (open leg).
  • the comparative value is inventively preferably determined by the
  • Expression levels can be determined from cell samples from subjects with known aging status.
  • the comparison value can be determined, for example, by a group of at least 2, preferably at least 5 and particularly preferably at least 10 comparable subjects with regard to the
  • Comparison subject (s) preferably belong to the same species as the subject to be examined.
  • the cell sample is a fixed animal tissue, in particular a skin sample, a saliva sample, a
  • the cell sample comprises at least one homogenate of cells.
  • the cell sample can be obtained from cell or tissue cultures or from living organism tissues, particularly a skin sample, a saliva sample, a smear cell sample, a blood sample, a urine sample or a stool sample after appropriate preparation.
  • both male and female genotype cells are suitable as cell samples.
  • preparations of the skin, preparations of the mucous membrane, a smear cell sample, a blood sample or a urine sample can be used as cell samples. This is particularly advantageous because skin, oral, genital and anal mucosa, blood, urine and stool are generally readily available for sampling.
  • Particularly suitable as a cell sample in this context are non-sun-exposed skin areas, since the aging there largely independent of external
  • Non-sun exposed skin areas are typically the Inside of the upper arm or the inside of the thigh and the buttocks.
  • tissue aging state of the skin allows conclusions to be drawn regarding the state of aging of other tissues of ectodermal origin.
  • ectodermal origin in the sense of this invention are preferably the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, teeth, hair and nails.
  • the aging condition of the skin, mucous membrane, blood, urine and stool allows conclusions about the aging of all other tissues subject to aging.
  • cell samples from each tissue can be used to determine the state of aging.
  • the present invention encompasses a group of genes with age-dependent expression change and their use as biomarkers for aging and / or age-associated conditions.
  • the determination of the expression level can take place both at the RNA and at the protein level, using methods known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Preferred methods for determining the expression level are Northern blotting, RNase protection, real-time PCR, macro and microarrays, SILAC, label-free absolute quantitation, Western blotting, ELISA, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
  • RNA level preference is given to using classical electrophoretic methods. These are in particular Northern blotting and RNase protection, further preferred are PCR-based methods such. Eg real-time PCR. Particularly preferred
  • a particularly preferred method is real-time PCR.
  • mass spectrometric methods are in particular SILAC and label-free absolute quantification. Particularly preferred
  • antibody-based methods such as Western blotting, ELISA and immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
  • a particularly preferred method is immunohistochemistry.
  • a preferred application of the invention is the analysis of the influence of cosmetic and medical products on the state of aging
  • skin aging slowing products can be applied to defined areas of the skin and the effect analyzed by gene expression analysis
  • Another preferred application of the invention is the analysis of the influence of medicinal products on the aging of certain tissues or of the whole organism.
  • products slowing down the aging of certain tissues or of the whole organism can be systemically taken and the effect compared by analyzing the gene expression of the described genes on cell samples of the skin before and after ingesting the medical products.
  • Predispositions to certain age-related diseases can also be identified.
  • Another preferred application is the analysis of traces found at crime scenes, for example, which allows the victim to be restricted in age and thus narrow the circle of potential suspects. So the expert is known that often dander, hair or other Tissue can be ensured at the crime scene, which can then be used for a corresponding analysis in the sense of the invention.
  • age-slowing factors can be tested in high-throughput screening methods by qualitatively and quantitatively comparing the gene expression level of the genes described in this invention under the influence of the respective factors with corresponding comparative values of untreated cell cultures.
  • the genes are preferably selected from the following human genes or homologs thereof:
  • RDH16 (Unigene ID Hs.134958, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 1,
  • MGC3101 (Unigene ID Hs.301394, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 3,
  • GAMT (Unigene ID Hs.81131, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 11,
  • MFSD3 (Unigene ID Hs.7678, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 13,
  • LRIG3 (Unigene ID Hs.253736, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 19, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 20),
  • DOCK9 (Unigene ID Hs.596105, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 21, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 22),
  • NLGN2 (Unigene ID Hs.26229, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 23, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 24),
  • B3GALT3 (Unigene ID Hs.418062, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 25, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 26),
  • FZD7 (Unigene ID Hs.173859, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 27, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 28),
  • TUBAL3 (Unigene ID Hs.163079, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 29, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 30),
  • MMP27 (Unigene ID Hs.534479, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 31, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 32),
  • PPARD Unigene ID Hs.696032, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 35, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 36
  • SIRT6 Unigene ID Hs.423756, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 37, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 38),
  • CPT1B (Unigene ID Hs.439777, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 39, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 40) and
  • MATN4 (Unigene ID Hs.278489, nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO: 41, amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 42).
  • RDH16 codes for "retinol dehydrogenase 16".
  • MGC3101 encodes "dysbindin domain-containing protein 1".
  • C9orfl l2 encodes "WD repeat-containing protein 85".
  • STK40 codes for "serine / threonine protein kinase 40".
  • TOM 1 L2 codes for "TOM I-like protein 2".
  • GAMT codes for "guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase”.
  • MFSD3 codes for "major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 3".
  • C19orf24 codes for "uncharacterized membrane protein C19orf24".
  • TRIM33 encodes "E3 ubiquitin protein ligase TRIM33".
  • LRIG3 codes for "leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 3".
  • DOCK9 codes for "dedicator of cytokinesis protein 9".
  • NLGN2 codes for "neuroligin-2”.
  • B3GALT3 encodes "UDP-GalNAc: beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1".
  • FZD7 codes for "frizzled-7".
  • TUBAL3 codes for "tubulin alpha chain-like 3".
  • MMP27 codes for "matrix metalloproteinase-27".
  • PPARD codes for "peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta".
  • SIRT6 codes for "NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-6".
  • CPT1B codes for "Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1B".
  • MATN4 encodes "matrilin-4". These genes have age-dependent expression levels, especially in human skin cells.
  • the expression levels of one or more genes can be investigated. It is a particular advantage that the expression levels can be determined in skin samples.
  • genes which contain polymorphisms, can be used in the context of the present invention. Therefore, within the scope of this description, the genes designated herein are also understood to mean those genes which show slight deviations in the sequences. Thus, such genes are also encompassed by the terms chosen herein which, with respect to the polynucleotides shown in the Sequence Listing, include a
  • Sequence match of at least 95%, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, more preferably at least 98% and most preferably at least 99%.
  • sequence match 100%.
  • Sequence matching can be done by those skilled in the art
  • genes are suitable according to the invention: SIRT6, RDH16, CPT1B,
  • genes are preferred according to the invention: RDH16, MGC3101, C9orfl12, STK40, TOM1L2, GAMT, MFSD3, C19orf24, TRIM33, LRIG3, DOCK9, NLGN2, B3GALT3, FZD7, TUBAL3, MMP27, CORIN, PPARD and combinations thereof.
  • genes are also preferred according to the invention: SIRT6, CPT1B, RDH16, STK40, GAMT, LRIG3, DOCK9, FZD7, MATN4, MMP27, CORIN, PPARD and
  • the genes are selected from C9orfl12, TOM1L2, GAMT, MFSD3, C19orf24, TRIM33, LRIG3, DOCK9, NLGN2, B3GALT3 and FZD7. These genes show a qualitatively same age-dependent change of the
  • genes selected from TOM 1L2, NLGN2, B3GALT3 and FZD7 are particularly preferred. These genes show a particularly large age-dependent change in the level of expression.
  • the expression level of FZD7 and / or PPARD is determined at the protein level.
  • Expression levels of CORIN, SIRT6, CPT1B and / or MATN4 determined at the protein level.
  • the expression level of CORIN, FZD7, PPARD, SIRT6, CPT1B and / or MATN4 is determined at the protein level.
  • the method comprises the determination of an expression level of a gene selected from the group C9orfl12, TOM1L2, GAMT, MFSD3, C19orf24, wherein an expression level higher than the comparative value, one with respect to or the
  • Comparative subjects means stronger expression of the state of aging.
  • the expression levels of these genes are higher regardless of gender in individuals with a more pronounced state of aging.
  • An expression level is considered to be higher than the comparison value, in particular, if the expression level is at least 5%, more preferably at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 20% higher than the comparison value. Due to the advantageous properties of this method, even such slight deviations can be reliably detected.
  • the method comprises determining an expression level of a gene selected from the group TRIM33, LRIG3, DOCK9, NLGN2, B3GALT3, FZD7, wherein a
  • Expression level that is lower than the reference value which means a stronger expression of the aging state with regard to the subject (s).
  • the expression levels of these genes are gender independent in
  • Expression level is considered to be lower than the comparison value in particular if the expression level is at least 5%, more preferably at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 20% lower than the comparison value.
  • the device which can be used for the reliable and rapid determination of the aging state of a subject.
  • the device preferably comprises a carrier material as well as biological molecules which are immobilized on precisely defined positions on the carrier material.
  • the device is a microarray and / or biochip.
  • a biochip in the sense of this invention can be both a DNA chip and a protein chip.
  • the carrier material is preferably made of cardboard, paper, glass or plastic.
  • the biological molecules preferably comprise antibodies which specifically recognize at least one epitope on at least one of the proteins encoded by the genes of the invention.
  • the biological molecules particularly preferably comprise DNA molecules having a linear sequence of at least 12 nucleotides, the nucleotide sequence being selected from the sequence of one of the genes according to the invention.
  • Chips contain as preferred embodiment the preferred genes. They serve as target identification of differentially expressed genes in old age in both sexes by genomics and proteomics, especially in the form of biochips.
  • the carrier material is specially coated
  • Biochips are subdivided into the substances that are determined in the test: DNA chips are used to detect DNA and RNA fragments, while protein chips are used to detect certain proteins, often with the help of antibodies.
  • DNA chip technology uses semiconductor manufacturing techniques to identify and measure the activity of known genes on a fingernail-sized plastic or glass slide, the microarray.
  • aldehyde slides Preference is given to aldehyde slides.
  • aldehyde groups are attached to the surface of the chips, which bind the amino-modified oligonucleotides via an imine formation (covalent bond).
  • epoxy-modified South In epoxymodified South, amino-modified oligonucleotides bind to the epoxide group to form an amine.
  • streptavidin-modified South In streptavidin-modified South, biotin-modified oligonucleotides bind to the protein. The tetramer streptavidin has four binding sites, each of which can bind a biotin.
  • NHS slides These south are coated with NHS ester groups.
  • amino-lipids More preferred are amino-lipids.
  • an unmodified oligonucleotide binds at an indeterminate position during irradiation with light in the UV range (indefinite reaction).
  • the mode of operation of the protein-chip technique is comparable to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a reduced format.
  • proteins are immobilized on a carrier chip (glass or plastic) in a precise arrangement.
  • Particularly preferred proteins are antibodies.
  • Protein chips in which the proteins used are antibodies are also referred to as antibody chips.
  • the protein-chip technique offers the ability to detect any binding to a protein in an assay format.
  • Other preferred coupling proteins are enzymes for detecting certain substrates or antigens for the detection of certain antibodies in a biological sample.
  • a protein chip is incubated with a biological sample and the binding of a biological marker to the immobilized protein is detected in the following steps.
  • the detection method varies depending on the experimental setup, preferably using immunoassays in a displacement format.
  • Detection kits with ready-to-use reagents, all-in-one concepts - consisting of microarrays, hybridization station, scanner (for example fluorescence) and analysis software are also according to the invention.
  • An attractively priced alternative to common fluorescence scanners are systems which detect hybridization electrochemically or by silver precipitation on gold nanoparticles.
  • the invention also relates to computer systems with databases in which information is collected about the expression of one or more polynucleotides according to the invention which have differential expression in young and older subjects.
  • Expression levels were determined as the quotient of the respective gene expressions of the older and the younger group. The quotients are each given as a logarithm to the base two (log 2 ).
  • SIRT6 NM 016539.1 Homo sapiens sirtuin 1.246 0.030 1.762 0.027
  • MGC3101 MGC3101
  • mRNA mRNA
  • TRIM33 NM_033020.2 Homo sapiens tripartite -0.396 0.002 -0.515 0.048 motif-containing 33
  • variant b mRNA.
  • LRIG3 NM 153377.3 Homo sapiens leucine- -0.398 0.002 -0.650 0.029 rich repeats and
  • DOCK9 mRNA
  • FZD7 NM_003507.1 Homo sapiens frizzled -0.915 0.045 -0.910 0.026 homolog 7 (Drosophila)
  • the example shows that the genes described have gender-independent an age-dependent change in the expression level. In particular, it can be seen that most genes have a qualitatively equal age-dependent
  • FZD7 a significantly higher expression level was detected in cell samples of younger volunteers compared to cell samples from older subjects.
  • PPARD a significantly lower level of expression was detected in comparison to cell samples from older subjects in cell samples from younger volunteers.
  • Example 2 shows by way of example that the determination of the age-dependent expression level of one of the genes according to the invention can also be carried out at the protein level. This is especially true for genes whose expression level increases in age as well as for genes whose expression level is reduced in old age.
  • SIRT6, CPT1B, MATN4 and CORIN were determined at the protein level by immunohistochemistry.
  • SIRT6 and CPT1B a significantly lower level of expression was detected in both sexes compared to cell samples from older subjects in cell samples from younger volunteers.
  • MATN4 and CORIN In cell samples of younger volunteers, a significantly higher expression level was detected compared to cell samples from elderly subjects in both sexes.
  • Example 3 shows by way of example that the determination of the age-dependent expression level of one of the genes according to the invention can also be carried out at the protein level. This is especially true for genes whose expression level age increases as well as for genes whose expression level is reduced in old age. old young

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de déterminer l'état de vieillissement d'un sujet. Le procédé permet, à partir d'acides nucléiques ou de protéines déterminés et de leur niveau d'expression, de tirer des conclusions concernant l'âge et les états reliés à l'âge d'un sujet, indépendamment de son sexe. L'invention concerne également un groupe de gènes dont le niveau d'expression dépend de l'état de vieillissement du sujet considéré, également indépendamment de son sexe. En outre, la présente invention concerne la détermination du niveau d'expression des gènes ainsi que l'utilisation des niveaux d'expression correspondants pour déterminer des états de vieillissement. Enfin, l'invention porte également sur des dispositifs, notamment des réseaux et des puces, qui peuvent être utilisés pour la détermination d'un état du vieillissement d'un sujet.
EP13802255.3A 2012-11-01 2013-11-01 Procede de determination du vieillissement independamment du sexe Ceased EP2914746A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012110469.7A DE102012110469A1 (de) 2012-11-01 2012-11-01 Verfahren zur geschlechtsunabhängigen Bestimmung von Alterung
PCT/EP2013/072878 WO2014068092A2 (fr) 2012-11-01 2013-11-01 Procede de determination du vieillissement independamment du sexe

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EP2914746A2 true EP2914746A2 (fr) 2015-09-09

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US (1) US20150284795A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2914746A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20150094601A (fr)
CN (1) CN104797719A (fr)
DE (1) DE102012110469A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014068092A2 (fr)

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KR20150094601A (ko) 2015-08-19
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DE102012110469A1 (de) 2014-05-08
US20150284795A1 (en) 2015-10-08

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