EP2922773B1 - Behälter für ein müllsammelfahrzeug mit verbesserter verdichtung - Google Patents

Behälter für ein müllsammelfahrzeug mit verbesserter verdichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2922773B1
EP2922773B1 EP13803133.1A EP13803133A EP2922773B1 EP 2922773 B1 EP2922773 B1 EP 2922773B1 EP 13803133 A EP13803133 A EP 13803133A EP 2922773 B1 EP2922773 B1 EP 2922773B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scoop
axis
carrier
caisson
rubbish
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Application number
EP13803133.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2922773A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Le Palud
Philippe Quarteroni
Christian Reverdy
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PB Environnement
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PB Environnement
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Publication of EP2922773A1 publication Critical patent/EP2922773A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3057—Fluid-driven presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3042—Containers provided with, or connectable to, compactor means
    • B30B9/3046—Containers with built-in compactor means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/04—Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles
    • B65F3/041—Pivoted arms or pivoted carriers
    • B65F3/043—Pivoted arms or pivoted carriers with additional means for keeping the receptacle substantially vertical during raising
    • B65F3/045—Four-bar linkages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/04—Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles
    • B65F3/041—Pivoted arms or pivoted carriers
    • B65F3/046—Pivoted arms or pivoted carriers with additional means for assisting the tipping of the receptacle after or during raising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B65F3/201—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like the charging pistons, plates or the like moving rectilinearly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B65F3/207—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like guided by tracks, channels, slots or the like provided on the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B65F3/208—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like the charging pistons, plates or the like oscillating about a horizontal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F2003/006—Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0223—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto the discharging means comprising elements for holding the receptacle
    • B65F2003/024—Means for locking the rim

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of waste collection bins (BCD), that is to say vehicles used for the collection and transport of waste (for example, household waste, bulky waste, recyclable waste) whose loading is carried out either by waste containers or by hand.
  • BCD waste collection bins
  • a BCD includes a chassis-cab on which a superstructure is mounted; this superstructure comprises a box for the collection of waste.
  • the invention relates to a new compaction system (or compaction) for waste for BCD rear load. It also relates to a compaction process using this new mechanism, and a waste collection bucket equipped with this new mechanism.
  • a compacting system according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from the document EP 2 384 999 A1 .
  • BCD rear-loading waste collection bins
  • the BCDs are based on a standard chassis-cab, on which is fitted the superstructure including the box equipped with a mechanism for compacting waste.
  • chassis-cabs are often designed for a gross permissible total weight (GVW), for example from 12 to 26 tons; knowing that each emptying of the BCD interrupts the collection circuit, it is always sought to increase the capacity of the BCD and its PTAC to be able to reduce the frequency of the emptying, while ensuring the airworthiness of the BCD in the streets in which is carried out the pickup.
  • GVW gross permissible total weight
  • the patent EP 0 514 355 B1 discloses a movable plate device attached to a telescopic device which compact the waste into a skip; this compacting is weak.
  • the patent EP 0 637 555 B1 describes an articulated compacting excavator whose movement is ensured by a hydraulic cylinder and connecting rod system.
  • the patent application FR 2 945 284 A1 (Gillard) describes another articulated shovel compacting system.
  • Patent application is known EP 2 366 639 A1 (Tecme) a box with a compaction device comprising an articulated shovel and moved by a mechanism comprising a connecting rod.
  • the articulated shovel comprises an upper shovel mounted on the casing pivotally about a first right-left axis and having an upper trimming face of the waste, and a lower shovel mounted on the upper shovel pivotally around a second right-left axis, and having lower bottoming face of the waste.
  • the rear apron is used as a follower to effectively evacuate the waste from the rear despite the significant slope break (of the order of 40 °) provided at the rear of the bottom of the box.
  • the presence of the rear apron has the disadvantage of adding a significant weight to the box.
  • the patent application EP 2 384 999 A1 (Novarini) describes a frame equipped with an articulated shovel with jacks, mounted on a carriage intended to be moved in a front-rear direction relative to the box.
  • the compaction of waste is between the thrust surfaces of the upper and lower shovels deployed and the front wall of the frame.
  • the frame is a box of a waste collection bucket.
  • the upper shovel does not contribute to compaction of the waste, but essentially serves to put the lower part of the shovel into the compaction position. It is therefore the lower excavator which is dimensioned to carry out compaction.
  • the lower excavator is of large dimensions, as well as the actuators actuating it.
  • the set therefore has a significant weight.
  • the Applicant has found that the devices of the state of the art have drawbacks when one seeks to use them for light BCDs, which are of reduced size, volume and mass.
  • a disadvantage is that they do not allow a fairly effective compaction.
  • Another disadvantage is that they are too heavy compared to the payload of the box. Indeed, when designing a light BCD, for example a BCD with a superstructure mounted on a standard chassis-cab designed for a GVW 7.5 or 9 t, it is necessary to reduce the mass as much as possible. of the superstructure to increase the payload of the box relative to the PTAC. This payload of the box depends, on the one hand, of its volume, and on the other hand, the compacting capacity of the compaction system. The third factor that determines sizing is the stability constraint of the BCD in all circumstances.
  • the problem that the present invention seeks to solve is therefore to provide a compacting mechanism for BCD that is effective but light, and that is particularly suitable for the caissons of light BCDs, that is to say with a GVWD not exceeding 10 t, and preferably not exceeding 7.5 t.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a box for BCD rear loading provided with an improved compacting mechanism which, through a judicious adaptation of one to the other, allows emptying by tilting while ensuring perfect stability of the BCD. Yet another goal is to provide an improved method of compacting waste in a BCD. Yet another object is to provide an improved method of flipping dump of a BCD.
  • a waste compacting system comprising a frame having a front wall, a carriage intended to be moved in a front-rear direction relative to the frame, a upper shovel mounted on the carriage pivotally about a first right-left axis, called the A1 axis, and having an upper trimming face of the waste, and a lower shovel mounted on the upper shovel pivotally around a second left-right axis, called axis A2, and having a lower bottoming face of the waste, said upper and lower scoops being intended to take a downwardly deployed position in which their fulling faces face the front wall; said carriage being intended to be moved forward when the upper and lower shovels are in the extended position, so as to compact the waste between the plummeting faces and the front wall; said compacting system being characterized in that, in the deployed position, the projection of the upper plenum face on the plane perpendicular to the front-
  • the upper shovel contributes fully to the compaction contrary to the upper shovel of the document EP 2 384 999 A1 where its small size and low inclination in the deployed position does not allow it to contribute to compaction other than anecdotal.
  • the fact that the upper excavator contributes fully to compaction reduces the size and weight of the lower excavator.
  • the presence of a sliding front apron is avoided, which reduces the weight of the compaction system.
  • the compacting system according to the invention can be made in such a way that, in the deployed position, the projection of the upper trimming face on the transverse plane has an area of between one and one and a half times the surface of the projection of the inferior face on the transverse plane.
  • the upper plenum face has an area greater than or equal to the lower plenum face; this surface is advantageously between once and one and a half times the bottoming face.
  • the bottom drum's bottoming area is too small, it will no longer be able to effectively perform its role of sweeping the deepest or the deepest volume of the box. If it is too big, the contribution of the upper shovel to compaction is not optimal.
  • the upper shovel is designed to be able to assume a position in which the axis A2 is rotated about the axis A1 by an angle ⁇ ( gamma) with respect to the front-rear direction, positive upward and negative downward, said gamma angle being greater than or equal to -25 °, and wherein, in the upper position of the lower scoop, the rear end the bottom of the bottoming face is rotated by an angle ⁇ (alpha) with respect to the plane defined by the axes A1 and A2, positive upwards and negative towards the base, the angle alpha being greater than or equal to 0 °, and preferably between 20 ° and 40 °, and even more preferably between 25 ° and 35 °.
  • the lower shovel can travel, from abutment to stop, an angle of at least 75 °, and preferably at least 80 °.
  • the movement of the carriage can be ensured by at least one actuating cylinder of the carriage having a rear end fixed to the rear of the carriage and a front end intended to be fixed to the frame, in front of the carriage.
  • the compaction system advantageously comprises at least one actuating cylinder of the upper shovel having a front end pivotally mounted on the carriage about a third right-to-left axis, called the axis A3, which is higher according to a bottom-up direction than the axis A1, and a rear end mounted on the upper shovel pivotally about a fourth right-left axis, called the axis A4, higher in the up-down direction than the axis A2.
  • the compaction system advantageously comprises at least one actuating cylinder of the lower shovel having a front end mounted on the upper shovel pivotally about a fifth right-left axis, called axis A5, which is higher in the lower direction. higher than the axis A2 and located at the front of the axis A4, and a rear end mounted on the lower excavator pivotally about a sixth right-left axis, called axis A6.
  • the carriage, the upper shovel and the lower shovel are made to more than 95% by weight of aluminum, with the exception of the jacks and their arms and axes of rotation.
  • the box is made of more than 95% aluminum, except the cylinders and their arms, the axes of rotation, the attachment points and the manual means of locking the gate.
  • the side walls are made of double-skinned aluminum profiles
  • the bottom of the box is made of aluminum sheet (optionally reinforced with aluminum profiles below), and the box is lined with an aluminum peripheral profile. .
  • Another object of the invention is a waste collection bin, comprising a box for storing the waste, the box having a front wall, and said bucket comprising a compacting system of the waste stored in the box according to the invention, wherein the frame is formed by the box.
  • Said box comprises two side walls having at their apex respectively two longitudinal members-slide in which the carriage is intended to slide.
  • the carriage comprises a plurality of pads, and more precisely comprises on each side at least one bearing pad, preferably at least one at the top and at least one at the bottom, and at least one guide pad side fixed to the carriage and intended to cooperate with the frame to guide the carriage in its movement and to avoid seizure of this forward-rearward movement.
  • Each pad slides on a surface of one of the longerons-coulisse.
  • said box comprises a bottom having a central portion and a rear portion inclined from the central portion and to rise rearwardly.
  • the rear portion is inclined at least 12 ° and at most 25 °, and even more advantageously this angle of inclination relative to the horizontal is between 17 ° and 23 °. A value of 20 ° is very advantageous.
  • the bottom of the box has a front portion inclined so from the central portion and to rise forward.
  • compaction can take place during steps (b), (c) and / or (d).
  • This sequence can be executed strictly sequentially, in which the completion of a step triggers the beginning of the step.
  • the lower stop of the lower scoop at the end of step (b) can trigger, with appropriate hydraulic automation, the beginning of step (c), namely the closing of the upper scoop.
  • This sequence can also be performed so that two successive steps overlap partially.
  • the axis A2 in the upper position of the upper shovel, is rotated about the axis A1 by a gamma angle with respect to the forward-backward direction, positive upward and negative downwards, the gamma angle being greater than or equal to -25 °, and in which, in the upper position of the lower scoop, the rear end of the bottom flange face is rotated by a gamma angle with respect to plane defined by the axes A1 and A2, positive upwards and negative downwards, the angle alpha being greater than or equal to 0 ° and preferably between 20 ° and 40 °, and even more preferably between 25 ° and 35 ° °.
  • the upper scoop is intended to take a position in which the axis A2 is pivoted about the axis A1 by a beta angle with respect to the forward direction. rear, positive upward and negative downward, the beta angle being less than or equal to -50 ° and preferably -55 °.
  • the method is conducted so that, during pivoting of the upper shovel, the lower shovel runs along the rear portion of the bottom of the box remaining less than 60 cm, but more than 10 cm from this rear portion.
  • the process is conducted so that, during the pivoting of the upper shovel, the lower shovel approaches the bottom at a distance of between 10 and 40 cm. If this distance is too great, some of the waste is not compacted. If it is too weak, there is a risk that the shovel catches dense and incompressible objects (such as stones, foundry parts (such as crankcases), various metal parts) and drives them forward. by damaging the surface of the bottom of the box.
  • waste collection bin BCD
  • waste collection bin A BCD includes a chassis-cab on which a superstructure is mounted.
  • rear load BCD we mean a BCD in which the waste is loaded into the box from the rear.
  • cab we mean a chassis-mounted enclosure at the front of the superstructure that houses the rear-loading BCD operator's station.
  • BCD capacity we mean the internal volume available for waste.
  • compacting mechanism we mean the mechanism for compacting and / or transferring the waste into the box.
  • tilting system means a means of emptying the box by tilting.
  • lift-containers (*) a mechanism fixed on a BCD for the loading of waste in its caisson.
  • waste container lifts a mechanism installed on a BCD for the emptying of the planned waste containers.
  • integrated waste container lifts (*) a waste container lifter designed to be permanently attached to the BCD's box.
  • comb gripping system (*) is meant a horizontal row of upwardly directed teeth and a locking system for retaining, during emptying, the waste container.
  • waste bin emptying cycle we mean the sequence of sequences required to grab, lift, tilt and empty the intended waste container and place it on the ground.
  • aluminum includes aluminum alloys.
  • the figure 1 shows the BCD 1 according to the invention. It typically comprises a chassis 4 with a cabin 5 and a superstructure comprising the caisson 2, a container lifter 3 and a compaction system.
  • the box 2 as the entire superstructure is lightened as much as possible, in order to increase the payload of the box relative to the total weight of the vehicle.
  • BCD 1 must remain sufficiently rigid and robust. This problem becomes particularly acute when one chooses to use for the superstructure, and in particular for the box, lighter materials than steel, including aluminum. For example, it is necessary to avoid that the compaction of the waste leads to the deformation of the walls of the box.
  • the figure 2 shows the casing 2 according to the invention.
  • the bottom of the box 2 comprises three parts: a central portion 41, substantially horizontal, a front portion 40 and a rear portion 46.
  • the box 2 comprises side walls 42,43, a front wall 44 and a door 45 to the rear.
  • the gate 45 is designed to allow manual loading of the bucket, which offers greater flexibility of use.
  • the gates comprises three parts 50,51,52.
  • the axis of rotation of the different parts 50, 51, 52 of the gate 45 is common. In manual loading position of the bucket is opened only the central portion 52 and the side portions 50,51 remain closed. This preserves access for the grab handles 57,58.
  • each jack 47, 48 only acts on one of the lateral portions 50, 51 while the force is transmitted to the central portion by the locking means 54,55 which must be manually operated.
  • a lock 53,56 between each side portion and the sidewall of the box ensures better security against inadvertent opening of the gate 45 in a waste collection situation.
  • the box is made of aluminum alloy semi-finished products.
  • the side walls 42,43, the front wall 44 and the roof 30 are formed of double skin panels 82, preferably from aluminum alloy profiles adapted to be assembled by clipping. These profiles are embedded at the top and bottom in a peripheral section 80 which ensures the transfer of a part of the forces exerted from the inside by the compaction system on the bottom, on the front and on the top of the box towards the caisson walls 2.
  • this method of assembly there is no need to weld between the profiles to ensure the required mechanical rigidity.
  • This weld joint (not shown in the figures) is made between two edges of adjacent sections.
  • a continuous weld joint can be made between the bottom plate 40, 41, 46 and the side and front walls of the inner side of the body.
  • the bottom plate 40, 41, 46 does not come into abutment with the elements that constitute the vertical walls 42, 43, 44, but stops within a few millimeters of said elements; this allows to connect by a single weld joint both the bottom plate 40,41,46, the peripheral profile 80 and the elements constituting the vertical walls.
  • Aluminum alloys judiciously selected for use in industrial vehicles, are also very resistant to corrosion, knowing that the leachate of waste and in general a particularly corrosive liquid.
  • the base plate 41, 41, 46 is advantageously also made of aluminum alloy.
  • a peripheral section 81 of aluminum alloy surrounds the side walls 42, 43 and the front wall; it is essential to ensure the box 2 the mechanical rigidity necessary to withstand the internal pressure exerted by the compaction system.
  • the roof 30 is fixed.
  • the profiles forming the double wall panels 82 are preferably positioned with their long direction horizontally, whereas for the side walls 42, 43 they are vertically nested in said peripheral profile 80.
  • the front portion of the bottom of the box 46 comprises a double-skin panel (of the same type as that used for the side wall 42,43 of the box), and above a sheet.
  • a double-skin panel of the same type as that used for the side wall 42,43 of the box
  • the use of aluminum for the walls and the bottom of the box allows easy repair, including welding, damaged areas; there is no need to protect these areas by paint against corrosion, if the selected alloys are well suited for use in industrial vehicles.
  • the figure 8 shows a view from the top of the bucket according to the invention, and illustrates the construction of the excavator and the carriage.
  • a plurality of crosspieces (not shown in the figures) are connected by webs (123,124,125 for the lower scoop 25, 136,137,138 for the upper scoop 38, and 134,135 for the carriage 22).
  • a plurality of box sheets (127, 128, 129) provide torsional stiffness. It is noted that on each side, the axes of the rod-rod cylinder of the upper shovel 28,29 and the lower shovel cylinder 26,27 are parallel and do not coincide. This embodiment of the invention, which is very preferred, allows the force of the cylinders to be deployed more efficiently.
  • the implantation of these jacks in "parallel off-axis" geometry has several advantages: the angle traveled by each of the shovels is maximized, the forces generated at the end of each shovel is maximized, the forces generated internally at the points of Cylinder fasteners are minimized, the attachment points of the cylinders can be positioned so that the forces can be transmitted without excessive oversizing of the cylinders. Indeed, in the context of the search for a lightweight, manageable and small BCD that meets the aims of the invention, it is desired to be able to use small cylinders and light, which are content with a low hydraulic power and that have a short cycle time.
  • the figure 5a shows an overview of the compacting mechanism according to the invention, formed by a carriage 22, an upper shovel 38 and a lower shovel 25.
  • the connecting rods 23,24 must be integral.
  • the figure 5b indicates six axes marked A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6.
  • the figure 4 defines the angles alpha, beta and gamma.
  • the figure 6 describes the kinematics of the compacting mechanism during a complete cycle.
  • the carriage 22 In starting position ( figure 6a ), the carriage 22 is in a position close to the front wall 44; the shovel is in the deployed position.
  • the upper shovel 38 opens ( figure 6b ).
  • the lower shovel 25 opens ( Figure 6c ).
  • the carriage 22 moves back ( figure 6d ).
  • the lower scoop 25 unfolds ( figure 6e ). This can already lead to compaction of waste if the level of waste is high enough.
  • the upper shovel 38 deploys ( figure 6f ), leading to compaction of waste.
  • the carriage 22 advances ( figure 6g ) to a maximum compaction position, which, depending on the volume of compacted waste, may be identical to the initial position ( figure 6a ) or correspond to a slightly retracted position.
  • the figure 6h is not part of the compaction cycle, it represents the position of the carriage 22 and the shovel in emptying position: the carriage 22 is advanced to the maximum and the lower shovel 25 and upper 38 lifted to the maximum, so as not to interfere with the waste flow.
  • the box 2 is tilted. No ejector is used.
  • the figure 7 illustrates the emptying of the box 2.
  • the figure 7a shows the position of the BCD 1 in a position that prepares the tilting of the box 2: it is noted that the gate 45 is folded so that the angle between the plane of said gate 45 and the plane of the rear portion 46 of the bottom of box 2 is approximately 0 °.
  • the figure 7b shows the BCD 1 in emptying position, with tilting of the casing 2.
  • the lifting jack 150 of the casing 2 is deployed. At the end of the emptying, if the emptying angle is high, it is possible that the box 2, made of aluminum, is no longer heavy enough that the downward movement can be initiated by gravity. If the lift cylinder 150 is a single-acting cylinder (which is preferred for a cost reason), it does not allow the departure of the return.
  • the emptying angle that is to say the angle between the horizontal and the central portion 41 (horizontal) of the bottom box, must be between 55 ° and 70 °, and preferably between 60 ° and 70 °, and even more preferably between 62 ° and 67 °. This value is much lower than that used in BCD according to the state of the art (typically 80 ° to 90 °). Choosing a low angle has many advantages. It ensures a good ground stability of the BCD 1 equipped with an aluminum box 2 during emptying. It ensures a better distribution of forces, because the cylinders can be placed further axes, which allows to lighten them and minimize their wear. It also ensures a more reliable dump.
  • the box bottom has a front portion 40, a central portion 41 and a rear portion 46, the central portion 41 being approximately horizontal in the down position, the front portions 40 and rear 46 being inclined upwards .
  • the angle between the plane of the rear portion 46 of the box bottom and the central portion 41 of the box bottom and between 15 ° and 25 ° and preferably between 17.5 ° and 22.5 °.
  • the front portion 40 and the central portion 41 of the box bottom consist of a single sheet, which is folded to form the angle between the two planes.
  • this same sheet also forms the rear portion 46 of the box bottom, and in this case it therefore has a second fold to form the angle between the rear portion 46 and the central portion 41. If one seeks to to minimize the mass of the superstructure, it must in any case reinforce the rear portion 46 of the box bottom relative to the front portion 40 and the central portion 41; this can be done using double-skin panels of the same type as those used for the side wall 42,43 of the box.
  • This particular geometry of the box allows, in cooperation with the articulated two-part excavator according to the invention, to sweep a maximum volume of the box during compaction, as shown in FIG. figure 3 where one distinguishes the volume 110 swept by the closing of the lower shovel 25, the volume 111 swept by the closure of the upper shovel 38 and the volume 112 swept by the advancement of the carriage 22, these three steps being preferably performed successively in the process according to the invention.
  • the upper shovel is intended to take a position in which the axis A2 is rotated about the axis A1 by a beta angle with respect to the forward-backward direction, positive upwards and negative towards bottom, the beta angle being less than or equal to -50 ° and preferably less than or equal to -55 °.
  • the amplitude (or tilt capacity) of the lower scoop is preferably between 75 ° and 86 °, and preferably between 77 ° and 86 °.
  • the amplitude of the upper shovel (beta angle) is preferably between 75 and 85 °; and preferably between 77 ° and 83 °.
  • the position of the upper shovel varies between the positions shown on Figures 6e and 6f with a beta value of about 55 °, and between Figures 6h and 6f or 6g a value of about 80 °.
  • the lower shovel is advantageously always in the upper stop position and the upper shovel in a position called high collection position.
  • the roof 30, the trolley 22 and the shovel protect the waste against the flight.
  • 170,171 protection rods to prevent the flight of the waste during loading; they are preferably made of transparent plexiglass so as not to hinder the visibility of the rippers.
  • the mechanical parts of the excavator and the carriage are manufactured from wrought aluminum semi-finished products. This applies especially to souls.
  • the sliding carriage 22 is equipped on each side with guide pads 160 which slide on the lower zone 93 and the upper zone 94 for supporting the carriage pads of the slide profile 85; said pads preferably extend over the entire length of the carriage. Lateral guidance is provided by a plurality of lateral bearing pads 161, 162 which cooperate with the lateral surface of the guide rail 81.
  • the guide pads 160 are suitable plastic rods of a length of about 100 cm. and a width of about 5 cm. This construction allows excellent load distribution on the bearing surface, which is important especially when the slide rail 85 is aluminum, a metal sensitive to matting.
  • the compaction system 190 further comprises on each side at least one bearing pad 160, 163, preferably at the top and bottom, and at least one lateral guide pad 161, 162 fixed to the carriage 22 and intended to cooperate with the frame 2 to guide the carriage 22 in its movement. More specifically, and preferably, it comprises on each side at least one upper support pad 160 which cooperates with the upper bearing area 94 of the carriage pads, and at least one lower pad support 163 which cooperates with the lower bearing area 93 of the carriage slider.
  • the lateral bearing pads 161, 162 cooperate with the surface of the lateral guide rail 81 in order to laterally stabilize the forward and backward movement of the sliding carriage 22.
  • the BCD according to the invention can be equipped with a hoist system of known type, but it is preferred that the projection of the functional zone on the horizontal is small, so as not to destabilize the BCD, and to reduce its size in operation.
  • the Figures 13 and 14 show a container lifter system 3 which is particularly adapted to the casing 2 according to the invention.
  • This lifting device system 3 comprises at least one main arm 63, 64 intended to be mounted on a chassis 4 pivotally about a first right-left axis, called axis A11, intended to take a low position and a position high relative to a low-high direction, an armature 61, 62 mounted on said main arm 63, 64 pivotally about a second right-left axis, called the axis A12, a chair 60 mounted on the armature 61, 62 and intended to receive a container 180 for lifting, at least one auxiliary arm 65, 66 intended to be mounted on the frame 4 pivotally about a third right-left axis, called A13 axis, and mounted on the armature pivotally about a fourth right-to-left axis, called A14 axis, said container lifter system being characterized in that the distance between the axes A12 and A14 (D24) is greater than the distance between the axes A11 and A13 (D13).
  • the distance between the axes A12 and A14 (D24) is at least 10% greater than the distance between the axes A11 and A13 (D13), preferably at least 20%, and more preferably from minus 30%.
  • This system lifts containers to reduce the size of the functional area, and it lighten the tipping system for heavy containers.
  • a box equipped with a compaction system according to the invention has been made.
  • the volume swept by the shovel ie the sum of volumes 110,111,112
  • Its payload in garbage was over 3 tonnes.
  • the height of the zone not swept by the lower edge of the lower shovel is advantageously of the order of 15 to 20 cm, in order to avoid seizing the shovel on dense non-compressible waste.
  • This box can be mounted on large truck chassis, typically designed for a permissible gross vehicle weight (GVWR) of 7.5 to 9 tonnes.
  • GVWR gross vehicle weight
  • BCDs according to the state of the art, with a steel skip, require a chassis designed for a GVWD of at least 10 tonnes in order to be able to have a payload of about 3 tons (typically associated with a working volume of 8.5 m 3 ).
  • the bottom plate of the box had a thickness of 4 mm (standard AG3 alloy).
  • the peripheral profile was made from AA 6106 T6 aluminum alloy.
  • the profiles forming the double-skin panels for the side and front walls and for the rear panel of the bottom of the box were 200 mm wide and 30 mm thick. For the roof, a thickness of 25 mm was sufficient, always in order to lighten the superstructure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Abfallverdichtungssystem (190), Folgendes umfassend:
    - ein Gestell (2), welches eine Vorderwand (44) umfasst,
    - einen Schlitten (22), welcher dazu bestimmt ist, in Bezug zum Gestell (2) in eine Vorwärts-/Rückwärtsrichtung bewegt zu werden,
    - eine obere Schaufel (38), welche um eine erste, als Achse A1 bezeichnete Rechts-/Links-Achse schwenkbar an dem Schlitten (22) montiert ist und eine obere Abfall-Walkfläche (210) aufweist, und
    - eine untere Schaufel (25), welche um eine zweite, als Achse A2 bezeichnete Rechts-/Links-Achse schwenkbar an der oberen Schaufel (38) montiert ist und eine untere Abfall-Walkfläche (211) aufweist,
    wobei besagte obere (38) und untere (25) Schaufel dazu bestimmt sind, eine nach unten ausgefahrene Position einzunehmen, in welcher ihre Walkflächen (210, 211) der Vorderwand (44) gegenüberliegen,
    wobei besagter Schlitten (22) dazu bestimmt ist, nach vorne bewegt zu werden, wenn die obere (38) und untere (25) Schaufel in ausgefahrener Position sind, sodass der Abfall zwischen besagten Walkflächen (210, 211) und der Vorderwand (44) verdichtet wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der ausgefahrenen Position der Überstand (220) der oberen Walkfläche (210) in der als Querebene bezeichneten senkrechten Ebene zur Vorwärts-/Rückwärtsrichtung eine Fläche größer oder gleich dem Überstand (221) der unteren Walkfläche (211) in der Querebene aufweist.
  2. Verdichtungssystem (190) nach Anspruch 1, wobei in der ausgefahrenen Position der Überstand (220) der oberen Walkfläche (210) in der Querebene eine Fläche aufweist, welche zwischen dem Ein- und Anderthalbfachen der Fläche des Überstands (221) der unteren Walkfläche (211) in der Querebene beträgt.
  3. Verdichtungssystem (190) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die obere Schaufel (38) so konzipiert ist, dass sie eine Position einnehmen kann, in welcher die Achse A2 um einen Winkel Gamma in Bezug zur Vorwärts-/Rückwärtsrichtung, welcher nach oben positiv und nach unten negativ ist, um die Achse A1 geschwenkt ist, wobei der besagte Winkel Gamma größer oder gleich -25° ist, und wobei in der oberen Position der unteren Schaufel (25) das hintere Ende der unteren Walkfläche (211) um einen Winkel Alpha in Bezug zu der von den Achsen A1 und A2 definierten Ebene, welcher nach oben positiv und nach unten negativ ist, geschwenkt ist, wobei der Winkel Alpha größer oder gleich 0° ist, und bevorzugt zwischen 20° und 40° beträgt, und noch bevorzugter zwischen 25° und 35° beträgt.
  4. Verdichtungssystem (190) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die obere Schaufel (38) dazu bestimmt ist, eine Position einzunehmen, in welcher die Achse A2 um einen Winkel Beta in Bezug zur Vorwärts- /Rückwärtsrichtung, welcher nach oben positiv und nach unten negativ ist, um die Achse A1 geschwenkt ist, wobei der Winkel Beta kleiner oder gleich -50° und bevorzugt kleiner -55° ist.
  5. Verdichtungssystem (190) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, welches des Weiteren auf jeder Seite mindestens einen Stützschuh (160), bevorzugt oben und unten, und mindestens einen seitlichen Führungsschuh (161, 162) umfasst, welche an dem Schlitten (22) befestigt und dazu bestimmt sind, mit dem Gestell (2) zusammenzuwirken, um den Schlitten (22) in seiner Bewegung zu führen.
  6. Verdichtungssystem (190) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, welches mindestens einen Betätigungszylinder (20, 21) des Schlittens (22) umfasst, welcher ein hinteres Ende aufweist, das hinter dem Schlitten (22) befestigt ist, und ein vorderes Ende, das dazu bestimmt ist, vor dem Schlitten (22) am Gestell (22) befestigt zu werden, und/oder welches mindestens einen Betätigungszylinder (28, 29) der oberen Schaufel (38) umfasst, welcher ein vorderes Ende aufweist, das um eine dritte, als Achse A3 bezeichnete, in Tief-/Hochrichtung höher als Achse A1 gelegene Rechts-/Links-Achse schwenkbar am Schlitten (22) montiert ist, und ein hinteres Ende, das um eine vierte, als Achse A4 bezeichnete, in Tief-/Hochrichtung höher als Achse A2 gelegene Rechts-/Links-Achse schwenkbar an der oberen Schaufel (38) montiert ist,
    und/oder welches mindestens einen Betätigungszylinder (26, 27) der unteren Schaufel (25) umfasst, welcher ein vorderes Ende aufweist, das um eine fünfte, als Achse A5 bezeichnete, in Tief-/Hochrichtung höher als Achse A2 und vor der Achse A4 gelegene Rechts-/Links-Achse schwenkbar an der oberen Schaufel (38) montiert ist, und ein hinteres Ende, das um eine sechste, als Achse A6 bezeichnete Rechts-/Links-Achse schwenkbar an der unteren Schaufel (25) montiert ist.
  7. Verdichtungssystem (190) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der Schlitten (22), die obere Schaufel (38) und die untere Schaufel (25), mit Ausnahme der Zylinder und ihrer Arme sowie der Rotationsachsen, zu mehr als 95 Gewichtsprozent aus Aluminium ausgeführt sind.
  8. Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1), Folgendes umfassend:
    - einen Behälter (2), der dazu bestimmt ist, den Abfall aufzubewahren, wobei der Behälter (2) eine Vorderwand (44) umfasst,
    - ein Verdichtungssystem (190) für den im Behälter aufbewahrten Abfall nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei das Gestell von dem Behälter (2) geformt wird.
  9. Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der besagte Behälter (2), außer den Zylindern und ihren Armen, den Rotationsachsen, den Befestigungspunkten und den manuellen Verriegelungsmitteln der Klappe (45) zu mehr als 95 Gewichtsprozent aus Aluminium ausgeführt ist.
  10. Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seitenwände des Behälters (2) aus doppelschaligen Aluminiumprofilen bestehen.
  11. Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1) nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Boden des Behälters (2) aus bevorzugt von unten von Aluprofilen verstärktem Aluminiumblech besteht.
  12. Abfallsammelfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (2) von einem umlaufenden Aluminiumprofil berandet ist.
  13. Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, wobei der Behälter (2) zwei Seitenwände (42, 43) umfasst, welche an ihrer Oberseite jeweils zwei Gleit-Längsträger (31, 32) aufweisen, in welchen der Schlitten (22) zu gleiten bestimmt ist, und bei dem jeder Schuh (160, 161, 162) in einem der Gleit-Längsträger (31, 32) gleitet.
  14. Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 13, wobei der Behälter (2) einen Boden (40, 41, 46) umfasst, welcher einen mittleren Teil (41) und einen hinteren Teil (46) aufweist, der so geneigt ist, dass er sich von dem mittleren Teil (41) ausgehend und nach hinten hin, bevorzugt mit einem Neigungswinkel in Bezug auf die Horizontale von zwischen 12° und 25°, und noch bevorzugter zwischen 17° und 23°, erhebt.
  15. Abfallverdichtungsverfahren, welches ein Abfallsammelfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 14 nutzt, Folgendes umfassend:
    - das Platzieren des Schlittens (22), der oberen Schaufel (38) und der unteren Schaufel (25) in einer ausgerückten Position, in welcher der Schlitten sich in einer hinteren Position befindet, die obere Schaufel (38) sich in einer in Bezug zum Schlitten (22) hohen Position befindet, und die untere Schaufel (25) sich in einer in Bezug zur oberen Schaufel (38) hohen Position befindet,
    - das Schwenken der unteren Schaufel (25) aus seiner hohen Position bis in eine niedrige Position,
    - während sich die untere Schaufel (25) in ihrer niedrigen Position befindet, das Schwenken der oberen Schaufel (38) von ihrer hohen Position bis in eine tiefe Position, sodass sich die obere (38) und untere (2) Schaufel in der nach unten ausgefahrenen Position befinden,
    - während sich die obere (38) und untere Schaufel (25) in der nach unten ausgefahrenen Position befinden, das Bewegen des Schlittens (22) bis in eine vordere Position.
EP13803133.1A 2012-11-20 2013-11-13 Behälter für ein müllsammelfahrzeug mit verbesserter verdichtung Active EP2922773B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1261011A FR2998281B1 (fr) 2012-11-20 2012-11-20 Benne pour vehicule de collecte de dechets avec compaction amelioree
PCT/FR2013/052720 WO2014080106A1 (fr) 2012-11-20 2013-11-13 Benne pour vehicule de collecte de dechets avec compaction amelioree

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EP2922773A1 EP2922773A1 (de) 2015-09-30
EP2922773B1 true EP2922773B1 (de) 2016-09-21

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CA (1) CA2891919C (de)
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WO (1) WO2014080106A1 (de)

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CN105752567A (zh) * 2016-04-29 2016-07-13 叶政朴 一种具有消除车内异味功能的集水垃圾清运车装置
CN109213133A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-15 环达电脑(上海)有限公司 无人驾驶垃圾清运车自动调动系统
KR101850786B1 (ko) * 2017-11-29 2018-04-20 (주)국토환경개발 산업폐기물의 유압식 절단장치
IT201900004103A1 (it) * 2019-03-21 2020-09-21 Gianpaolo Balestreri Apparecchiatura per lo stivamento costipato e lo scarico di rifiuti con un cassone trasportabile contenente un singolo dispositivo di carico, campattazione e scarico
US11597297B2 (en) 2019-05-03 2023-03-07 Oshkosh Corporation Electronic control system for electric refuse vehicle
CN113753447B (zh) * 2021-10-21 2023-04-14 甘肃能源化工职业学院 一种智能消毒垃圾桶及其应用
CN115231163B (zh) * 2022-09-13 2024-06-18 浙江泰利环卫科技有限公司 新能源分类环卫车
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ES2608639T3 (es) 2017-04-12
US20150314959A1 (en) 2015-11-05
WO2014080106A1 (fr) 2014-05-30
CA2891919A1 (fr) 2014-05-30
FR2998281B1 (fr) 2015-01-16
FR2998281A1 (fr) 2014-05-23
US9662849B2 (en) 2017-05-30
CA2891919C (fr) 2021-03-30
EP2922773A1 (de) 2015-09-30

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