EP2932181B1 - Ensemble de plaques, échangeur de matières gaz-gaz et installation de ventilation de bâtiment - Google Patents

Ensemble de plaques, échangeur de matières gaz-gaz et installation de ventilation de bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2932181B1
EP2932181B1 EP13815373.9A EP13815373A EP2932181B1 EP 2932181 B1 EP2932181 B1 EP 2932181B1 EP 13815373 A EP13815373 A EP 13815373A EP 2932181 B1 EP2932181 B1 EP 2932181B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
duct
mass transfer
gas
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13815373.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2932181A1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Kempfle
Daniel Kreutzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Al Ko Therm GmbH
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Al Ko Therm GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2932181A1 publication Critical patent/EP2932181A1/fr
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Publication of EP2932181B1 publication Critical patent/EP2932181B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/147—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with both heat and humidity transfer between supplied and exhausted air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0015—Heat and mass exchangers, e.g. with permeable walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/065—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/1435—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate unit of a gas-gas substance exchanger according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a gas-gas substance exchanger for the mass transfer between two alternating air streams in buildings, at least comprising a material exchanger of a plurality of parallel arranged fabric exchanger plate units, by their channels alternately in each case a first fluid and a second fluid flows.
  • a disk unit according to the preamble of claim 1 is known for example from US 2012/0205081 A1 known.
  • the invention relates to a building ventilation system for the mass transfer between air flows in buildings, the building ventilation system is arranged in an air flow of the building.
  • Heat and material exchangers in particular for streams of gaseous media, are known from the prior art.
  • two differently tempered and / or moist streams are passed past each other, so that a temperature and / or mass transfer can take place between these streams.
  • An effective temperature and / or mass transfer occurs in the conventional mass exchangers, however, only for large gradients between the streams.
  • the conventional material exchangers work ineffective.
  • an exchange system for exchanging substances between two fluids comprising a first fluid flowing through a space through which it can pass, and a second fluid flowing through a channel labyrinth, the channel labyrinth being formed of a permeable membrane and a membrane counterpart.
  • the flowable channel labyrinth has a shape that allows the slowest possible and non-turbulent flow of the fluid.
  • the plate units each comprise a made of a plastic, folded plate with a channel structure, which forms a plurality of parallel channels.
  • a selectively permeable membrane is stretched.
  • the membrane itself is flat, that is not folded, and is supported by the channel structure of the plate.
  • selectively permeable to substance is understood to mean a membrane which is permeable to certain substances and impermeable to other substances.
  • a selectively permeable membrane is water vapor permeable and impermeable to air.
  • the channels are shaped so that a fluid flowing through, for example a gas, at its boundary layers a experiences slight turbulence, so that almost no standing boundary layers are formed on the membrane. In the channels therefore turbulence prevail with cross flows. This ensures a better contact between the gas and the membrane and thus a more effective exchange.
  • the turbulences in the flow are achieved, for example, by a corresponding channel course and / or a corresponding channel shape.
  • the channel course is zig-zag.
  • the plate Due to the folding of the plate and an angled channel course, the plate is stiffened in different directions. As a result, the inherent rigidity of the plastic plates in comparison to the conventionally used rectilinear folds (usually aluminum plates) is increased.
  • the folds form bearing surfaces or a support structure for adjacent, stacked plate units in a material exchanger. The self-weight pressure on the disk units is distributed evenly.
  • the channels of adjacent, adjacent plate units can be arranged partially offset from one another, so that in this way a larger support or support surface is formed. This can be achieved for example by a trapezoidal cross-section of the channels, which allows both large support surfaces and large open membrane surfaces.
  • superimposed disk units can each be arranged folded against each other, for example, rotated by 90 ° or 180 °. As a result, both cross and counter currents can be realized.
  • Each of the plate units alternately changing the channel guide stacked to form a mass transfer stack is provided with a first fluid (in each first plate) and a second fluid (in each second plate) whose main flow directions are oriented in a cocurrent and / or counter-current manner according to the arrangement of the plate units.
  • the fluids are separated from each other only by a membrane.
  • the inventors propose a plate unit of a gas-gas substance exchanger for the mass transfer between two alternating air streams in buildings, comprising at least one plate with at least one channel structure, which forms at least one channel for a fluid, wherein the at least one plate made of a plastic material is, at least one selectively permeable membrane, which is clamped on the at least one plate, and the at least one channel at least one turbulence generating means in the flow, before.
  • the disk unit advantageously comprises exactly one disk.
  • the plate is angular, for example quadrangular, in particular rectangular or square, or polygonal, for example hexagonal. Other forms of the plate are possible in other embodiments.
  • the plate is made in one piece or in several parts.
  • the plate according to the invention is made of a plastic.
  • a plastic in addition to a weight saving, such a material offers the advantage that the plates can be produced and processed by simple known methods, such as thermoforming, in particular thermoforming, blow molding and / or injection molding.
  • plastic is corrosion resistant to most aggressive media, so that can be dispensed with expensive coatings.
  • At least one channel structure is formed in the plate, which forms a plurality of channels for a first fluid, for example a gas.
  • a first fluid for example a gas.
  • exactly one channel structure is formed per plate.
  • the channels of the channel structure preferably run parallel to one another.
  • the channels are formed as depressions in an upper side of the plate. Accordingly, the channels have a lower valley floor and a higher plateau.
  • the plateaus of the plate and the bottoms of the plate each form a lower or a higher level.
  • intermediate channels are arranged between the channels, which mirror images of the channels but offset by one channel width on one Bottom of the plate.
  • the channels have a trapezoidal cross-section.
  • the largest possible, closed by the membrane, but open to adjacent plate units surface for mass transfer is provided, and on the other hand, the largest possible support or support surface for other disk units guaranteed.
  • the support structure covers as little as possible membrane area and reduces the mass transfer, the inventors keep the bearing surfaces as small as possible, yet large enough to keep the surface pressure due to pressure and weight forces within limits.
  • the inventors propose a trapezoidal channel cross section, which combines both advantages, in particular with respect to the triangular cross sections known on the market.
  • Triangular channels with pointed "plateaus” and equally pointed bottoms offer only small and relatively sharp-edged bearing surfaces which can injure or squeeze the sensitive membrane under a larger pressure load.
  • the exchanger is leaking and represents a hygiene problem.
  • the support surfaces are reduced to individual points in the size of a needle tip.
  • trapezoidal structure Another advantage of the trapezoidal structure is the construction of a counterflow.
  • the channels of all plates run parallel to each other over long distances. So that the bottoms of an upper plate can rest on the plateaus of a lower plate, it is advantageous if they provide a flat bearing surface. In the known triangular Channel structures with pointed bearing edges would slip these against each other and sink the upper plate into the lower one.
  • the at least one plate is stiffened in at least one direction.
  • the plate is stiffened in two, more preferably three directions. This stiffening can be achieved either by the channel structure or by a corresponding (n) channel profile or channel shape.
  • the at least one channel structure is formed as a fold. By folding, a plurality of channels can be easily introduced into the plate, wherein the fold at the same time causes a stiffening of the plate in a direction along a main flow direction of the channels.
  • the convolution is formed, for example, angular, accordion, sawtooth, trapezoidal and / or wavy. Due to the simple workability of the plastic plates, the channel structure, in particular the folding, can be easily impressed into the plastic plates.
  • Another embodiment provides a channel structure as a pleated structure.
  • the gas flows along the main flow direction through the channels.
  • turbulence generators are incorporated in the flow.
  • boundary layers of the gas are fluidized on the membrane, in particular on the open membrane surfaces, so that an improved contact of the gas to the membrane arises.
  • Standing interfaces are thus advantageously avoided.
  • the at least one channel has a turbulence-generating (n), briefly turbulence-generating, channel shape and / or channel profile.
  • n turbulence-generating
  • a turbulence generating channel shape or a turbulence generating channel profile is provided.
  • Another embodiment provides both a turbulence generating channel shape and a turbulence generating channel profile.
  • a turbulence generating channel shape is formed as an asymmetric and / or nonuniform cross section.
  • an uneven channel course that is to say a channel course with at least one change in direction of the main flow direction, is regarded as a turbulence-producing channel course.
  • the at least one channel thus preferably has at least one turbulence-generating means.
  • only one turbulence generating means, short turbulence generator, per channel is provided.
  • several turbulence generators per channel are provided.
  • the turbulence generators are advantageously arranged uniformly distributed in the channels, in order to achieve the widest possible coverage of the material and heat transfer.
  • turbulence generators for example, the following designs are used: nubs, edges, hills, dimples, spirals, waves, grooves, odd channel shape, in particular zigzag-shaped channel shape and / or sinusoidal channel profile, and the like.
  • the boundary layer of the gas can also be whirled up by a rough or uneven surface of the channel.
  • a deviation of the orientation of the channel from the main flow direction is preferably a maximum of 20 °, more preferably a maximum of 10 ° and most preferably about 5 °.
  • a zig-zag-shaped channel course also causes a stiffening of the plastic plates transversely to the main flow direction.
  • a rectangular plate is considered with a folded channel structure whose channels have a zigzag-shaped channel profile.
  • the plate is stiffened here mainly by the folding of the channel structure and by the zigzag-shaped channel course.
  • Another preferred embodiment is a hexagonal plate with a folded channel structure, wherein the channels have a zigzag-shaped channel profile at least in a central region.
  • a membrane is clamped.
  • the membrane is clamped on the top of the plate.
  • the membrane is flat and is supported by the channel structure, in particular the plateaus of the channels, that is to say the bearing surfaces.
  • the membrane is thus at least at one point on the channel structure.
  • the fold is formed such that the membrane rests in many places, so as many support or support points are formed.
  • the membrane For attachment of the membrane to the plate this is connected in one embodiment at least in an outer region of the plate with the plate.
  • the membrane is preferably connected to the plate with at least one outer, channel structure or channel-free region, wherein in each case inflow and outflow openings of the channels advantageously remain free.
  • channel-free regions are formed on at least two opposite sides of the plate along the channels. As illustrated, these regions can be designed as flat surfaces, for example for bonding, or else have a special profiling, in which the membrane can be clamped or mechanically fastened (not shown).
  • the membrane is at least one location with the at least one Channel structure connected.
  • the membrane is preferably connected to the plateaus of the channels of the channel structure, so that the membrane is just clamped on the plate.
  • the membrane is preferably connected to the plate by welding, pressing, embossing, clamping and / or gluing. Furthermore, the membrane can be clamped, for example under pretension on the plate and connected to this.
  • the membrane is a selectively permeable membrane which is permeable to various substances, for example water vapor, and impermeable to other substances, for example air.
  • a material for the membrane for example, a Sympatex material or other selectively permeable materials are.
  • the membrane or its selective material permeability can be selected.
  • the at least one membrane is designed accordingly as a dense membrane.
  • a dense membrane is preferably impermeable to air and permeable to water vapor or only water vapor permeable.
  • the at least one membrane is formed as a porous membrane.
  • a porous membrane is, for example, water and / or water vapor permeable or permeable to certain particles or substances in the gas.
  • the scope of the invention also includes a gas-gas material exchanger for the mass transfer between air flows in buildings, at least comprising a material exchanger of a plurality of parallel arranged fabric exchanger plate units with alternating alternating inlet and outlet openings, through whose channels in each case a first fluid and a second fluid flow side by side, wherein the fabric exchanger plate units are formed as described above, according to the invention disk units.
  • a material exchanger with the newly formed plate unit ensures a more effective temperature and / or moisture balance even at low temperature gradients, so that a significant increase in efficiency in contrast to conventional substance exchangers is possible. Consequently, the material exchanger according to the invention is particularly suitable for mass transfer between streams with low temperature differences, such as dehumidification and air humidification in buildings.
  • the material exchanger advantageously has a substance exchanger packet which is formed from a multiplicity of plate units according to the invention arranged in parallel and stacked one above the other. Through the channels of the plate units, separated by the membranes, alternately flows a first fluid and a second fluid, wherein between the fluids through the membranes in each case the mass transfer takes place.
  • the fluids are preferably gases, in particular air with different parameters, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, constituents and their partial pressures and / or impurities.
  • a plate unit consists of a flat spread membrane and an underlying support structure for the membrane.
  • the membrane fulfills the task of mass transfer.
  • the support structure provides stability to the membrane, keeping it stretched and at a constant distance to an adjacent membrane or plate unit. For this purpose, it is also extensively pronounced with a variety of support elements, preferably in the form of channels, which at the same time provide better flooding and mass transfer.
  • the stacked disk units are each supported by the underlying disk units.
  • the uniformly distributed support elements ensure the most uniform possible pressure distribution of both the dead weight of the plate units and the flow pressure of the gases.
  • a respective support structure in particular a support surface, is advantageously formed by the channel structures of the plate units for adjacent plate units lying thereon.
  • the disk units are supported only by the channel structures of other disk units without additional support elements.
  • a clip system and / or a frame made of metal or plastic is provided, which secures the stacked plate units against slipping.
  • bonding and sealing agents in addition to clipping and gluing, known methods are used, such as welding, gluing, squeezing, clinching or casting with synthetic resin.
  • the material exchanger can be used to realize both crossflows and countercurrents.
  • at least partially a cross-flow is formed.
  • at least partially a countercurrent is formed.
  • adjacent plate units are advantageously arranged in an interlocking manner.
  • entangled means that the main flow directions in adjacent, superimposed plate units run differently, in particular not parallel to one another.
  • adjacent plate units are each rotated by 90 ° or 180 °.
  • Rectangular plate units are preferably arranged rotated by 90 °, so that a cross-flow is realized.
  • the membrane of a first disk unit forms an active closure of the channels of this first disk unit.
  • the membrane of a second disk unit disposed thereunder provides a passive closure of the downwardly open intermediate channels between the channels of this first disk unit.
  • An active closing of the channels thus takes place in each case by the membrane spanned on the plate, while a passive closing takes place in each case by the resting of the plate unit on the membrane of another plate unit.
  • the channels of adjacent plates intersect.
  • the crossing points of the bottom of the valley with the channel backs (plateaus) form the support points or supporting surfaces.
  • the channels run parallel to one another or, in the case of the zig-zag design, almost parallel to one another.
  • adjacent plate units or their channels and intermediate channels are preferably arranged offset.
  • a region of the membrane which adjoins both a channel and an intermediate channel that is to say between a channel of a plate unit and an intermediate channel of another plate unit, is referred to below as an open membrane surface.
  • an offset of the channels of superposed plate units is provided such that the bottom of a channel is at least partially disposed on the plateau of an underlying channel.
  • Another embodiment of the offset provides that stacked plate units are arranged offset by a channel width to each other.
  • a width of the support surface transverse to the main flow direction is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
  • the open membrane area is greater than or equal to the support surfaces.
  • the invention relates to a building ventilation system for the mass transfer between air flows in buildings, the building ventilation system is arranged in an air flow of the building and is designed as described above, inventive gas-gas material exchanger.
  • the building ventilation system is designed as air conditioning.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a plate 11 in a first embodiment.
  • the plate 11 is rectangular and made of a plastic, for example by deep drawing.
  • the plate 11 according to the invention comprises a channel structure 12, which is designed as a fold.
  • This folded channel structure 12 forms a plurality of mutually parallel channels 13, through which, in an assembled state, a fluid, for example a gas, flows (see FIG. 5).
  • the channel structure 12 is embossed in the plastic plate 11.
  • the channels 13 each have a recessed bottom and a plateau (see FIG. 4 ). The valley bottoms and the plateaus each form one level.
  • the channels 13 extend in a main flow direction V1 from one side of the plate 11 to an opposite side of the rectangular plate 11.
  • the course of the channels 12 has zigzag deviations or several changes of direction from the main flow direction V1.
  • the zigzag-shaped passageway serves as a turbulence generator, so that when flowing through the channels 13, the formation of standing boundary layers of the gas is prevented and cross flows increase the contact frequency of the gas with the membrane and the mass transfer accelerate.
  • the deviation from the main flow direction is approx. ⁇ 5 ° in the respective duct sections.
  • the plastic plate 11 Due to the folded channel structure 12 and the zigzag-shaped channel course, the plastic plate 11 is stiffened in three directions.
  • the folding causes a stiffening along the main flow direction V1 and the zig-zag shape of the channels 13 causes a stiffening transversely to the main flow direction V1 as well as vertical to the plate plane.
  • a 3-dimensional rigidity is achieved in comparison with the conventionally used straight-line folds.
  • the plate 11 in each case has a channel-free region 15.
  • This area 15 serves to fasten a membrane spanned on the plate 11 (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the channel-free regions 15 and the plateaus of the channels 13 lie on one plane.
  • FIG. 1 the substantially flat upper side of the plate 11 is shown, wherein the bottoms of the channels 13 in the direction of the underside of the plate 11, that is in the plane of the drawing, are formed or recessed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic, fragmentary perspective view of the underside of the plate 11 according to the FIG. 1 , Here are especially the embossed and recessed channels 13 can be seen. Between the channels 13 each intermediate channels 14 are arranged, wherein the intermediate channels 14 are formed analogous to the channels 13.
  • the channels 13 and intermediate channels 14 are trapezoidal (see FIG. 4 ), with a larger base area in each case aligned with the membrane.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a disk unit 10 with the plate 11 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 and a membrane 16.
  • the membrane 16 is disposed on the flat top of the plate 11 and clamped here.
  • the membrane 16 is a selectively permeable membrane.
  • the shape of the membrane 16 substantially corresponds to the rectangular shape of the plate 11.
  • To attach the membrane 16 is connected to the channel-free areas 15 with the plate 11, for example, welded. In order to stabilize the membrane 16, this lies flat on the plateaus of the channels of the flat top of the plate 11.
  • the membrane 16 is supported by the channel structure 12, wherein the plateaus form a support surface for the membrane 16 (see FIG. 4 ).
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of the disk unit 10 of FIG. 3 in a cross-sectional view.
  • the trapezoidal shape of the channels 13 and intermediate channels 14 is shown and on the other hand it is shown how the membrane 16 just rests on the supporting surfaces formed by the channel structure 12.
  • the membrane 16 actively closes the channels 13 of the plate unit 10.
  • the intermediate channels 14 are closed passively by the membrane 16 of a plate unit arranged therebelow when they rest (see FIG FIG. 6 ).
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of a fabric exchanger package 20 with a plurality of disk units 10.
  • the disk units 10 correspond to the embodiment of FIG. 3 , A detailed description is therefore omitted.
  • the same components are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • the disk units 10 are stacked on each other. Adjacent plate units 10 arranged one above the other are respectively rotated by 90 ° relative to one another, so that the main flow directions in adjacent plate units 10 intersect each other (see FIG FIG. 7 ). Accordingly, in the material exchanger package 20 according to the FIG. 5 realized a cross-flow. Through the channels and intermediate channels of the plate units 10 alternately flow two different gases. As a result, a temperature and / or moisture exchange between the gases through the membranes 16 is made possible.
  • FIG. 6 shows again a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the plate units 10 of the mass exchanger 20 according to the FIG. 5 ,
  • the plate units 10 are each rotated by 90 °, so that the main flow directions of superimposed plate units 10 intersect. Due to the plate units 10, which are rotated by 90 °, the cross sections of the channel structures are shown differently.
  • the channels are alternately cut longitudinally or transversely.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the main flow directions V1 and V2 in the material exchanger packet 20 according to the FIG. 5 ,
  • the main flow direction V1 is shown as dotted lines and the main flow direction V2 as dashed lines.
  • V1 denotes the main flow direction of a first gas in a plate unit
  • V2 denotes the main flow direction of a second gas in an adjacent plate unit 10 rotated by 90 °.
  • the gas streams enter, cross and enter at two adjacent sides of the disk units 10 the other two, adjacent sides of the disk units 10 from these.
  • a cross-flow is realized with 90 ° crossing main flow directions V1 and V2.
  • the gas streams already enter the plate units 10 at an angle, so that turbulences are already generated when the gas streams enter the channels.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic plan view of a plate 11 in a further embodiment. Basically, the corresponds in the FIG. 1 Shown embodiment of the plate 11 of this further embodiment of the FIG. 8 , The following therefore mainly addresses the differences between the embodiments.
  • the plate 11 is according to the FIG. 8 hexagonal, elongated and has a folded channel structure 12, which the channels 13 on the top and the intermediate channels on the bottom (see FIG. 9 ) trains.
  • the hexagonal shape of the plate 11 defines three different flow areas, with a first and a third flow area are the same. In the two flow areas I at the beginning and end of the channels 13, the channels 13 are straight.
  • the channels 13 extend in a zig-zag shape as in the embodiment of the rectangular plate 11 according to FIG. 1 ,
  • the main flow direction V1 extends along the length of the plate 11, wherein the inflow and the outflow of the channels are arranged obliquely opposite.
  • a channel-free region 15 is in each case formed, on which a membrane with the plate 11 can be connected.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic perspective view of the top of the plate 11 according to the FIG. 8 , On the underside of the plate 11, the intermediate channels 14 are shown, which are arranged between the channels 13 and in contrast to the channels 13 are open from the bottom.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic perspective view of a disk unit 10, wherein the plate 11 of the disk unit 10 of the hexagonal embodiment of FIG. 8 equivalent.
  • the membrane 16 On top of the membrane 16 is arranged and connected to the channel-free areas with the plate 11, for example, jammed.
  • the membrane 16 is a selectively permeable membrane.
  • the membrane 16 rests on the plateaus of the channels 13 and thus actively closes the channels 13.
  • the intermediate channels 14 are open on the underside and become when stacking several disk units 10 to a pulp exchanger (see FIG. 11 ) passively closed by the membrane 16 of an underlying plate unit 10.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of a fabric exchanger package 20 with a plurality of disk units 10 according to the FIG. 8 ,
  • superimposed disk units 10 are each rotated by 180 ° to each other.
  • the resulting cross / countercurrent is with partially crossing and against each other extending main flow directions in the FIG. 14 shown.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic, fragmentary cross-sectional view of the mass exchanger 20 according to FIG. 11 , Here, several stacked plate units 10 are shown, wherein the different flow areas I and II can be seen on the basis of the differently cut channel structure - longitudinally or transversely.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of two adjacent plate units 10 according to FIG. 8 in the middle flow area II with counterflow.
  • a first gas (further hatching) flows through the channels 13 and intermediate channels 14 of a first, upper plate unit 10a
  • a second gas (narrower hatching) flows through the channels 13 and intermediate channels 14 of a second plate unit 10b.
  • the gases are separated only by the membrane 16 located between the plate units 10a and 10b, through which a material exchange takes place.
  • the channels 13 are offset such that the bottoms of the channels 13 of the first disk unit 10a are located above the plateaus of the channels 13 of the second disk unit 10b.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic representation of the main flow directions V1 and V2 in the material exchanger packet 20 according to the FIG. 11 with cross / countercurrent.
  • a cross flow is formed and in the intermediate flow region II a countercurrent with staggered channels.
  • the gas streams also flow obliquely into the disk units 10, to create a slightly turbulent flow already when flowing. stiffened is formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Ensemble de plaques (10) d'un échangeur de matières gaz-gaz pour l'échange de matières entre deux courants d'air alternatifs dans des bâtiments, présentant au moins:
    1.1. au moins une plaque (11) avec au moins une structure de canaux (12), qui forme au moins un canal (13) pour un fluide, dans lequel ladite au moins une plaque (11) est fabriquée en une matière plastique,
    1.2. au moins une membrane sélectivement perméable à la matière (16), qui est tendue sur ladite au moins une plaque (11),
    caractérisé en ce que
    1.3. ledit au moins un canal (13) présente un moyen produisant des turbulences dans l'écoulement.
  2. Ensemble de plaques (10) selon la revendication précédente 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un canal (13) présente une section transversale trapézoïdale.
  3. Ensemble de plaques (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une plaque (11) est réalisée sous forme raidie dans au moins une direction soit au moyen de la structure de canaux soit par une allure de canal respectivement une forme de canal correspondante.
  4. Ensemble de plaques (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un canal (11) présente une forme de canal et/ou une allure de canal produisant des turbulences dans l'écoulement.
  5. Ensemble de plaques (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un moyen produisant des turbulences dans l'écoulement est réalisé sous la forme d'un moyen faisant partie de la liste suivante: boutons, arêtes, éperons, fossettes, spirales, ondulations, stries, allure de canal non rectiligne, en particulier allure de canal en zigzag et/ou allure de canal sinusoïdale.
  6. Echangeur de matière gaz-gaz pour l'échange de matières entre deux courants d'air alternatifs dans des bâtiments, comprenant au moins:
    6.1. un paquet d'échangeurs de matières (20) composé d'une multiplicité d'ensembles de plaques d'échangeur de matières disposés en parallèle, à travers les canaux (13) desquels s'écoule en alternance respectivement un premier fluide et un deuxième fluide,
    caractérisé en ce que
    6.2. les ensembles de plaques d'échangeur de matières sont réalisés sous la forme d'ensembles de plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5.
  7. Echangeur de matières selon la revendication précédente 6, caractérisé en ce que les structures de canaux (12) forment respectivement une structure de support pour des ensembles de plaques voisins (10).
  8. Echangeur de matières selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un contre-courant du premier fluide est formé au moins en partie par rapport au deuxième fluide.
  9. Echangeur de matières selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que des ensembles de plaques voisins (10) sont disposés respectivement de façon entrecroisée l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  10. Echangeur de matières selon la revendication précédente 9, caractérisé en ce que des ensembles de plaques voisins (10) sont disposés respectivement en position tournée de 180°.
  11. Echangeur de matières selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un décalage des canaux (13) d'ensembles de plaques superposés (10), de telle manière que le fond de vallée (17) d'un canal (13) soit disposé au moins partiellement sur le plateau (18) d'un canal sous-jacent (13).
  12. Echangeur de matières selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 11, caractérisé en ce que des ensembles de plaques superposés (10) sont disposés avec un décalage d'une largeur de canal (b) l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  13. Installation de ventilation de bâtiment pour l'échange de matières entre des courants d'air dans des bâtiments, dans laquelle l'installation de ventilation de bâtiment est disposée dans un courant d'air du bâtiment, caractérisée en ce que l'installation de ventilation de bâtiment est réalisée sous forme d'échangeur de matières gaz-gaz selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 6 à 12.
  14. Installation de ventilation de bâtiment selon la revendication précédente 13, caractérisée en ce que l'installation de ventilation de bâtiment est réalisée sous la forme d'une installation de climatisation.
EP13815373.9A 2012-12-17 2013-12-05 Ensemble de plaques, échangeur de matières gaz-gaz et installation de ventilation de bâtiment Active EP2932181B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012024549.1A DE102012024549B4 (de) 2012-12-17 2012-12-17 Platteneinheit und Gas-Gas-Stofftauscher
PCT/EP2013/003672 WO2014094986A1 (fr) 2012-12-17 2013-12-05 Ensemble de plaques, échangeur de matières gaz-gaz et installation de ventilation de bâtiment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2932181A1 EP2932181A1 (fr) 2015-10-21
EP2932181B1 true EP2932181B1 (fr) 2018-03-14

Family

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EP13815373.9A Active EP2932181B1 (fr) 2012-12-17 2013-12-05 Ensemble de plaques, échangeur de matières gaz-gaz et installation de ventilation de bâtiment

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP2932181B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104870928A (fr)
DE (1) DE102012024549B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014094986A1 (fr)

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FR3024533B1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-08-26 Commissariat Energie Atomique Echangeur enthalpique ameliore
DE102014226355A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2016-07-07 Vaillant Gmbh Lüftungsgerät
JP6659374B2 (ja) * 2016-01-22 2020-03-04 株式会社神戸製鋼所 熱交換器及び熱交換方法
DE102017002500A1 (de) * 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Klingenburg Gmbh "Plattenwärmetauscher"
FR3071595B1 (fr) * 2017-09-28 2020-05-22 F2A - Fabrication Aeraulique Et Acoustique Echangeur air/air a double flux a contre-courant
CN110207518B (zh) * 2019-06-06 2020-07-14 西安交通大学 一种气气换热系统
US20220153456A1 (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Integrated condensing heat exchanger and water separator
CN113218060B (zh) * 2021-03-26 2022-04-15 深圳通利机电工程有限公司 节能式中央空调系统的多级热回收新风处理装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012024549B4 (de) 2018-02-01
EP2932181A1 (fr) 2015-10-21
DE102012024549A1 (de) 2014-06-18
WO2014094986A1 (fr) 2014-06-26
CN104870928A (zh) 2015-08-26

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