EP2953726B1 - System und verfahren zur äusseren behandlung von gegerbtem leder - Google Patents

System und verfahren zur äusseren behandlung von gegerbtem leder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2953726B1
EP2953726B1 EP14717217.5A EP14717217A EP2953726B1 EP 2953726 B1 EP2953726 B1 EP 2953726B1 EP 14717217 A EP14717217 A EP 14717217A EP 2953726 B1 EP2953726 B1 EP 2953726B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
spraying
circumference
guns
leather
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14717217.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2953726A1 (de
Inventor
Antonio Galiotto
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Erretre SpA
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Erretre SpA
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Publication of EP2953726A1 publication Critical patent/EP2953726A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B05B12/1418—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet for supplying several liquids or other fluent materials in selected proportions to a single spray outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0421—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with rotating spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0463—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to moving work of indefinite length
    • B05B13/0484—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to moving work of indefinite length with spray heads having a circular motion, e.g. being attached to a rotating supporting element
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B17/00—Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C15/00—Apparatus for chemical treatment or washing of hides, skins, or leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/02—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/122—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B05B16/90—Spray booths comprising conveying means for moving objects or other work to be sprayed in and out of the booth, e.g. through the booth
    • B05B16/95—Spray booths comprising conveying means for moving objects or other work to be sprayed in and out of the booth, e.g. through the booth the objects or other work to be sprayed lying on, or being held above the conveying means, i.e. not hanging from the conveying means

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a system for an external treatment of flexible laminar elements, such as tannery leathers and to a processing method thereof.
  • the invention relates to a method for spray-painting tannery leathers, which is performed inside known painting booths and which allows to obtain, at the end of the treatment, a painting film which is completely uniform over the whole surface of the leather.
  • Spray-painting plants for painting leather tannerys are currently known; they are able to spray on leathers a great variety of covering products or mixtures, such as paints, pigments, resins, oils, paraffins, glues, etc.
  • Said plants generally comprise a conveyor belt for conveying leathers, a closed booth, inside which, by means of spray-painting guns, a laying of the covering products occurs, and a smokes suction and removal system for sucking and filtering the fumes of the covering products that are layed on the leathers.
  • the leathers painting plants have a smokes suction system for sucking the fumes deriving from the air-suspension paint and a booth, which can be a rotary, reciprocating or elliptic booth.
  • the rotary booths have a central shaft, which is placed inside the spraying chamber and which is constructed for delivering the spray painting to all the automatic spraying guns of the plant and to which the compressed air tubes for operating the guns are connected, a plurality of arms (usually 8 or 12), which are radially arranged and which are connected to the driven central shaft, from which they take the rotating motion, and a plurality of fixed guns, which are installed at the ends of the arms and which atomize and spray the colored painting on the leather's surface to be painted; the leather is also arranged on a conveyor belt which is generally made with nylon threads and which moves, by means of an inverter, at a preset speed (usually between 4 and 22 meters/min.).
  • each arm At the end of each arm one, two or sometimes three spraying guns are installed and each of said guns is connected to a respective colored paint supply circuit; the colored paint is sucked by a pump at the side of the machine, while a compressed air circuit provides for a suitable paint atomization.
  • a reading bar installed upstream the spray booth defines the leather's position, the leather's surface and the leather's geometric edge, so that an electronic control system, which stores the leather's size and shape, is able to drive the opening and closing of the spray-painting guns.
  • Reciprocating booths have, on the other hand, one or two guides, which are placed along a direction which is orthogonal to the direction of the leathers' movement and a trolley for carrying the painting guns is provided on each of said guides; inverter-driven motors and related drive belts or chains causes the reciprocating movement of the trolleys, as well as suitable tubes are provided for conveying the compressed air and the colored painting which are required for operating the spraying guns.
  • the parallel or elliptical booths which are based on the same operating principle of the reciprocating booths, have a rectangular structure and use two toothed wheels, which are coupled through a transmission belt or chain; one of said wheels is driven by a motor, while a plurality of spraying guns, which are connected to respective compressed air tubes and colored painting tubes, are fixed on said chain and a distributing shaft drives both the compressed air circuits and the colored painting circuits of all the spraying guns.
  • the leathers' painting is obtained by covering a leather's surface with one or more layers of a covering or colored material, such as a thin elastic film, which is sprayed on the leather in a prefixed amount, depending on the covering portion which must be performed.
  • a covering or colored material such as a thin elastic film
  • each time the trolley moves in a transverse direction said trolley causes strips on the leather and said strips overlap in a different manner; the width of the strips is a function of the technical features of each spraying gun and/or of other prefixed parameters, but, in any case, the fact that wide and sloping stripes of painting are sprayed on the leather affect the final quality of the same leather and for this reason said reciprocating booths are rarely used and only for certain painting phases.
  • the diameter of the booth and the diameter of the rotating carousel on which the spraying guns of said rotary booths are mounted are defined on the basis of the dimensions of the conveyor belt; in particular, the diameter around which the spraying guns rotate is usually greater than the width of the conveyor belt by a factor equal to 1.41.
  • each arm of the rotating carousel normally has two spraying guns, which operate by means of two independent and opposed plants (that is to say, either the plant which is connected with the first spraying gun of the arm is on or the plant which is connected with the second spraying gun of the arm is on), since, in a given time instant, only guns that are located above the leather laying on the conveyor belt are on (i.e. said guns are activated to spray), while the other guns are off because they are placed neither above the conveyor belt nor above the leather to be painted.
  • angles corresponding to the guns' working areas are equal to about 90°, as well as the angles corresponding to the guns' resting areas are equal to about 90°.
  • the arcs of circumference covered by the spray-painting cone exiting from the spraying guns are generated; in practice, for each time instant, the first portion or arc of circumference covered by a first set of spraying guns corresponds to the opposite portion or arc of circumference which is covered by a second set of spraying guns and, therefore, in a given time interval, the overlap of the two series of said arcs of circumference causes the final result of the spray-painting process on the leathers.
  • said additional treatments do not always perform the whole painting uniformity that is required on the leathers' surface.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a system for an external treatment of flexible laminar elements, such as tannery leathers, and a method thereof, that allow to obtain a complete painting or coating uniformity on the whole surface of a leather.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for an external treatment of flexible laminar elements, such as tannery leathers, and in particular a system for painting tannery leathers inside rotary spray-painting booths, which employ rotating arms, each of them having automatic spraying guns.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a system for an external treatment of flexible laminar elements, such as tannery leathers, which guarantees a high reliability and environmental safety, with respect to the known spray-painting systems.
  • a system and method for treating the surface of tannery leathers are provided; in particular, according to the invention, the colored painting which is sprayed on the leather is extremely uniform along the whole surface of the leather, i.e. from the side edges to the center of the leather.
  • the system and method of the invention are employed on rotary or elliptical spray booths, in which a plurality of spraying guns are installed at the ends of respective arms of a rotating carousel.
  • the attached figures 1 and 2 show, by way of example, the typical drawback that occurs in known spray booths, due to the apparent change in the amount of color between the lateral zones and the substantially central area of the leather which is to be sprayed.
  • a leather 10 is dragged by means of the surface 11 of the conveyor belt 12 along the direction and versus identified by the arrow F, while the spraying guns for spraying the product mixture (paint or color) on the leather's surface, rotate along the circumference C and in the direction identified by arrows D.
  • the arcs of circumference C within which the spray-painting guns are on are those indicated with 13 in the attached figure 1 , namely those comprised between the ends of the conveyor belt 12 and able to subtend a centre angle a of about 90° (while the spray-painting guns are off (i.e. they do not spray the paint or the color) in correspondence of portions of the circumference C that are external to the conveyor belt 12, i.e. in correspondence of the sides of the spray booth below of which the conveyor belt 12 does not slide).
  • a paint covering of the leathers when the process is carried out is schematically sketched in the attached diagram of figure 2 , which clearly shows that, during the passage of the leather 10 below the spray-painting guns, the overlap of the jets containing the sprayed mixture (paint or color), which are made according to the arcs of circumference 14, does not cause a uniform distribution of the mixture along the whole surface of the leather, but a different distribution between the side edges of the leather 10 (and the side edges of the conveyor belt 12) and the almost central area of said leather 10 (where there is a lesser amount of the mixture with respect to the side areas of the leather 10).
  • Non-uniformity of the sprayed mixture results in an appearance of the leather 10 which is not satisfactory for most frequent uses; to overcome the above drawback, the leathers producers are compelled to enter the leather 10 inside the spray-painting booth more times (although sometimes with unsatisfactory results).
  • this problem is solved by changing and in particular by increasing the flow rate of the mixture sprayed in correspondence of a portion of each arc of circumference 14; it should be noted that said portion is almost in the middle of the arc 14, while the spraying guns are on in correspondence of at least two arcs of said circumference (arcs indicated with 13 and 14 in the attached figures).
  • Said portion of the arc of circumference 14 corresponds to the almost central portion of the leather 10, once the leather 10 lays on the conveyor belt 12, where the difference in coverage of the sprayed mixture is clearly shown.
  • This portion of the arc of circumference 14 subtends a centre angle having a measure of degree that varies depending on the leather's type, on the rotating speed of the spraying guns and on the translating speed of the conveyor belt 12, as well as depending on the diameter of the circumference C which is traveled by the spraying guns.
  • the flow of the mixture (such as paint or color) which is sprayed on the leather 10 by each gun is increased when the spraying gun travels the prefixed portion of the arc of circumference 14, by simply increasing the pressure and thus the flow of said gun.
  • each spraying gun (which is performed in order to make uniform the flow along a complete rotation of each gun) is practically carried out by using two circuits (and therefore two ducts) for each gun inside of which the sprayed mixture flows; a first circuit is at low pressure and a second circuit is at high pressure circuit and each circuit can selectively be activated by means of a valve.
  • each spray-painting gun has a support rod, an input for passing the color which has to be added to the sprayed mixture, an air inlet which constitutes the pneumatic control able to open and close the nozzle through which the color is sprayed, and an atomizing air inlet, through which the air suitable for dragging and atomizing the color, by means of the Venturi effect, is injected (said atomizing air inlet is provided for all spraying guns except for "Airless” spraying guns).
  • a second duct is used inside of which the mixture to be sprayed, such as paint or color, flows; said second duct is driven in parallel with respect to a first duct, so that, at prefixed time instants and according to prefixed commands, said second duct also works, together with the first duct; the first and second ducts work together, in particular, when the spraying guns travel within the arcs of circumference 13, 14 and, specifically, when the spraying guns travel in correspondence of an almost central area of said arcs and of the conveyor belt 12 and of the leather 10.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. System zur Oberflächenbehandlung und insbesondere zum Lackieren von Gerbereiledern (10), umfassend eine Spritzkabine zum Versprühen mindestens eines Gemisches, wie Anstrichstoff oder Farbe, die auf das Leder (10) aufgebracht ist, wobei in dieser Kabine ein Lederabschnitt (10), der oberhalb einer Oberfläche (11) liegt, von einem Förderband (12) gezogen wird, das sich in einer gegebenen Richtung (F) bewegt, wobei das Förderband (12) unter einer Reihe von Sprühpistolen angeordnet ist, die in der Lage sind, das Gemisch zu versprühen, und die sich entlang einer Kreisbahn oder eines Umfangs (C) drehen (D), so dass jede der Pistolen in Übereinstimmung von mindestens zwei Bögen (13, 14) des Umfangs (C) während einer vollständigen Drehung (D) der Pistole entlang des Umfangs (C) arbeitet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Sprühpistole mit mindestens zwei Kreisläufen oder Kanälen oder Rohren des gesprühten Gemisches verbunden ist, wobei die Kreisläufe parallel zueinander angeordnet und selektiv aktiviert sind, wobei einer der Kreisläufe auch für den Betrieb bei niedrigem Druck ausgelegt ist und ein anderer Kreislauf für den Betrieb bei hohem Druck ausgelegt ist, so dass die Fließgeschwindigkeit des von jeder Pistole gesprühten Gemisches entsprechend mindestens einem Abschnitt von mindestens einem der Bögen (13, 14) des Umfangs (C) erhöht wird.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kreisläufe oder Kanäle oder Rohre des versprühten Gemisches mittels mindestens eines Ventils selektiv aktiviert werden.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Sprühpistolen einen Stützstab, einen Eingang zum Eintritt des zu sprühenden Gemisches, einen Lufteinlass, der eine Düse öffnet und schließt, durch die das Gemisch versprüht wird, und einen Eingang von Zerstäubungsluft aufweist, die mittels eines Venturieffektes das Gemisch, wie Anstrichstoff oder Farbe, heranzieht und zerstäubt.
  4. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bögen (13, 14) des Umfangs (C), in deren Übereinstimmung die Sprühpistolen arbeiten, zwischen zwei Enden angeordnet sind, die den Enden des Förderbandes (12) entsprechen.
  5. Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Gerbereiledern (10), umfassend mindestens die nachstehenden Schritte:
    - Positionieren mindestens eines Lederabschnitts (10) auf einem Förderband (12), das befähigt ist, sich in eine gegebene Richtung (F) zu bewegen, um diesen Lederabschnitt (10) innerhalb einer Spritzkabine zum Sprühen eines Gemisches, wie Anstrichstoff oder Farbe, zu ziehen,
    - Aufbringen des versprühten Gemisches auf den Lederabschnitt (10) innerhalb der Spritzkabine mittels einer Vielzahl von Sprühpistolen, die an einer Vielzahl von Armen eines rotierenden Karussells (D) angebracht sind, wobei die Pistolen befähigt sind, dann während des Vorschubs des Lederabschnitts (10) entlang eines bestimmten Umfangs (C) zu rotieren (D) und jede der Pistolen so in Übereinstimmung mit mindestens zwei Bögen (13, 14) des Umfangs (C) während einer vollständigen Drehung (D) der Pistole entlang des Umfangs (C) arbeitet, wobei jede Sprühpistole auch mit mindestens zwei Kreisläufen oder Kanälen oder Rohren des versprühten Gemisches verbunden ist und die Kreisläufe parallel zueinander angeordnet und selektiv aktiviert sind und einer der Kreisläufe auch für den Betrieb bei niedrigem Druck ausgelegt ist und ein anderer Kreislauf für den Betrieb bei hohem Druck ausgelegt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Übereinstimmung mit mindestens einem Abschnitt von mindestens einem der Bögen (13, 14) des Umfangs (C) die Fließgeschwindigkeit des aus jeder Pistole gesprühten Gemisches erhöht wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der mindestens eine Abschnitt von mindestens einem Bogen (13, 14) des Umfangs (C) im Wesentlichen in der Mitte des Bogens (13, 14) befindet und einen Mittelwinkel schneidet, der in Abhängigkeit von der Art des Leders (10), der Drehgeschwindigkeit (D) der Sprühpistolen, der Fahrgeschwindigkeit (F) des Förderbandes (12) und dem Durchmesser des Umfangs (C), den die Pistolen durchlaufen, variiert.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fließgeschwindigkeit des versprühten Gemisches durch eine Druckerhöhung eingestellt wird, wodurch eine Erhöhung des Durchflusses des Gemisches bewirkt wird.
EP14717217.5A 2013-02-07 2014-02-03 System und verfahren zur äusseren behandlung von gegerbtem leder Active EP2953726B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000025A ITVI20130025A1 (it) 2013-02-07 2013-02-07 Impianto e procedimento per il trattamento superficiale di pelli di conceria
PCT/IT2014/000030 WO2014122682A1 (en) 2013-02-07 2014-02-03 System and method for an external treatment of tannery leathers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2953726A1 EP2953726A1 (de) 2015-12-16
EP2953726B1 true EP2953726B1 (de) 2018-10-10

Family

ID=48014228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14717217.5A Active EP2953726B1 (de) 2013-02-07 2014-02-03 System und verfahren zur äusseren behandlung von gegerbtem leder

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2953726B1 (de)
CN (1) CN104981296A (de)
BR (1) BR112015018671A2 (de)
IT (1) ITVI20130025A1 (de)
TR (1) TR201900299T4 (de)
WO (1) WO2014122682A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MA52215A (fr) * 2018-04-11 2021-02-17 Mario Levi S P A Procédé de fabrication de cuir synthétique
IT202000005395A1 (it) * 2020-03-12 2021-09-12 Ge Ma Ta Spa Macchina per l’applicazione a spruzzo di prodotti su elementi laminari flessibili a superficie estesa
ES3026111T3 (en) * 2021-05-27 2025-06-10 Ge Ma Ta Spa Method and a machine for depositing a substance on a hide

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB954946A (en) * 1962-01-11 1964-04-08 Kitchin & Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to the spraying of sheet-like material
US3908592A (en) * 1973-12-06 1975-09-30 Circle Machine Co Inc Apparatus for spraying material with two fluids
ES2050598B1 (es) * 1992-02-27 1994-12-01 Formica Espanola Procedimiento mejorado para fabricar laminas exteriores con alta resistencia a la abrasion.
FR2743734B1 (fr) * 1996-01-22 1998-04-10 Cattinair Machine d'application d'un revetement sur une piece par pulverisation cycloidale
IT1392759B1 (it) * 2008-11-25 2012-03-16 Erretre Spa Apparecchiatura perfezionata per la lavorazione di superfici laminari flessibili, quali, in particolare, pelli di conceria e relativo metodo di lavorazione.
KR101235857B1 (ko) * 2011-07-04 2013-02-21 김달수 피혁 도장장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITVI20130025A1 (it) 2014-08-08
TR201900299T4 (tr) 2019-02-21
EP2953726A1 (de) 2015-12-16
BR112015018671A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
WO2014122682A1 (en) 2014-08-14
CN104981296A (zh) 2015-10-14

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