Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
  • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
  • B60K6/48—Parallel type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
  • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
  • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
  • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
  • F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
  • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
  • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
  • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
  • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
  • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
  • B60L2240/421—Speed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
  • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
  • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
  • B60L2240/441—Speed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
  • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
  • B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
  • B60W2510/0633—Turbocharger state
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
  • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
  • B60Y2400/43—Engines
  • B60Y2400/435—Supercharger or turbochargers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the control of an electric compressor for the
• the electric compressor can replace the turbocharger temporarily, not second.
• the vehicle may even be devoid of turbocharger due to the presence of the electric compressor.
• the invention aims to meet this need.
• electric compressor forming part of an assembly further comprising a heat engine and an electric machine, the electric compressor being configured to compress the air at the inlet of the heat engine and adapted to be powered electrically by:
• a set value is imposed on at least one electrical or mechanical quantity of the assembly
• an additional electrical energy source is used in addition to that formed by the electrical energy storage unit. used according to the prior art as sole power supply means of the electric compressor.
• This additional source of electrical energy can be directly the electric machine operating as a generator or a battery or other energy store loader (e) by the electric machine when it operates as a generator.
• the direct or indirect use of the electrical energy supplied by the electric machine operating as a generator may allow:
• the above method may thus make it possible to increase the possibilities of using the electric compressor and to guarantee as optimal a solicitation as possible of the latter when it is used.
• the electrical machine may be a rotating electrical machine, for example a synchronous, asynchronous, DC or variable reluctance machine.
• This machine may comprise a rotor that can be driven by the shaft of the heat engine, possibly via a belt. A permanent connection or not can thus exist between the rotor of the electric machine and the shaft of the heat engine.
• the ratio between the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy may vary when the latter simultaneously feed the electric compressor.
• the proportion of electrical energy coming directly or indirectly from the generator with respect to the electrical energy coming from the storage unit. of electrical energy may vary during this response the proportion of electrical energy coming directly or indirectly from the generator with respect to the electrical energy coming from the storage unit. of electrical energy.
• the ratio between the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy decreases for example when the speed of the engine increases.
• the ratio between the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy decreases when the torque supplied by the heat engine increases.
• the ratio between the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy may be constant when the electric compressor is electrically powered by both the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy to meet the set point imposed for the electrical quantity or mechanics of the whole.
• the constant value of this ratio can be determined by the set value imposed for the electrical or mechanical quantity of the assembly. In the case of a vehicle, this set value is for example determined by the engine control unit (ECU).
• the electrical or mechanical quantity for which a set value is imposed can be one of: the speed of rotation of the electric compressor, the torque supplied by the electric compressor, the speed of the engine measured at the crankshaft the electric power supplying the electric compressor, the torque supplied by the heat engine, and the intake pressure of the heat engine, this pressure being measured in particular in the intake manifold of the heat engine (intake manifold).
• the ratio between the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy can take several discrete values of which at least one is greater than ten and at least one other is less than a quarter. It is thus more or less possible to use the second electrical energy, ie that coming from the generator, in order to save the first electrical energy.
• At least one electrical or mechanical value of the assembly can be compared with a threshold value which is a percentage of the set value for this electrical or mechanical quantity. .
• the comparison aims for example to determine if the engine is in transient state. When it appears from this comparison that it is the case, the electric compressor can remain solely powered by the first electrical energy. Indeed, use at this stage of the electric machine operating as a generator as a source of electrical energy could generate additional friction on the crankshaft of the engine, which would have undesirable consequences.
• the response time of the electric machine operating as a generator necessary for it to provide the second electrical energy can be relatively large, so that the monitoring by the engine of the setpoint is then not satisfying.
• the speed of the electric compressor is compared with a percentage of the set value, in particular imposed by the ECU, for this speed of the electric compressor.
• the pressure in the intake manifold of the heat engine is compared. with a percentage of the set value, in particular imposed by the ECU, for this pressure in the intake manifold of the engine.
• At least one electrical or mechanical value of the assembly can be compared with a threshold value which is a percentage of the nominal value for said electrical or mechanical quantity.
• the comparison aims for example to determine whether or not the electric compressor is operating at a very high power.
• the electric compressor can remain solely powered by the first source of electrical energy.
• the power supply of the electric compressor in second electrical energy would lead to a significant torque removal on the electric machine operating as a generator, which is not desirable.
• the electric power supply of the electric compressor is compared with a percentage of its nominal power.
• the method may comprise the following steps:
• the value of a second electrical or mechanical quantity of the assembly is compared with a second threshold value which is a percentage of the nominal value for said second electrical or mechanical quantity
• the electric power supply of the electric compressor with the first energy and the second electrical energy can then be performed only:
• the first electrical or mechanical quantity of the assembly can be the speed of rotation of the compressor electric
• the second electrical or mechanical magnitude of the assembly may be the electric power of the electric compressor
• the third electrical or mechanical magnitude of the assembly may be the pressure measured at the intake of the engine.
• the electric compressor and the electric machine can be controlled as follows:
• the measured value of the operation parameter of the assembly is compared with a predetermined setpoint value for this operating parameter, and on the basis of the result of this comparison, a value is calculated for at least one control parameter of the electric compressor.
• the measured value of the operating parameter of the set is compared with a percentage of the predetermined set value for said operating parameter of the set, and on the basis of the result of this comparison, a value is calculated for at least one control parameter of the electric machine.
• Each generation on the basis of the result of a comparison may involve a corrector, for example a PID corrector.
• the control of the electric compressor and the electric machine can involve a double control loop.
• the same operating parameter of the assembly can be measured and the measured value for this parameter can be compared a first time with a set value to generate a control parameter of the electric compressor and a second time with a value being a percentage of the set value for generating a control parameter of the electric machine.
• Double regulation can thus allow a progressive activation of the electric machine operating as a generator, that is to say that it gradually provides electrical power. Double regulation can also allow dynamic control of the power supply of the electric compressor.
• the operating parameter of the assembly is, for example, chosen from: the pressure measured at the intake of the heat engine, in particular the pressure measured in the intake manifold of the heat engine, the torque supplied by this heat engine, the flow rate of the engine, air entering this engine and the rotational speed of the engine, in particular measured on the crankshaft.
• the predetermined set value for said operation parameter of the set comes for example from the ECU.
• the control parameter of the electric compressor is for example the speed of rotation of the electric compressor while the control parameter of the electric machine is a control voltage or a supply current of the electrical machine, in particular electric stator winding or electric rotor winding of this electric machine.
• the control parameter of the electric compressor is regulated using the predetermined set value for the operating parameter of the set
• the control parameter of the electric machine is regulated using a percentage of this predetermined set value.
• the percentage is for example greater than 80%, being especially equal to 80%), 90% o or 95%.
• the third threshold value may correspond to a percentage of the set value for the third electrical or mechanical quantity of the set which is equal to the percentage used or not for the regulation of the control parameter of the electric compressor.
• the latter prior to the power supply by the first and the second electrical energy of the electric compressor, the latter can previously be exclusively powered by the second electrical energy.
• the latter after the power supply by the first and second electrical energy of the electric compressor, the latter can be exclusively powered by the second electrical energy.
• the electrical energy storage unit providing the first electrical energy may be a battery or one or more batteries connected in series or in parallel. Alternatively, one or more supercapacitors may be used.
• the electrical energy storage unit has for example a nominal voltage between 12 V and 48 V, for example between 12 V and 30 V, for example 12 V or 16 V.
• the invention further relates, in another aspect, to an electrical network for implementing the above method.
• the network can be configured to allow one of the following power supply modes of the electric compressor:
• the electrical network can be configured to allow the electrical power supply of the electric compressor exclusively by the second electrical energy.
• the electrical network is for example the network of the vehicle.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents an example of an electrical network in which the method according to the invention can be implemented
• FIG. 2 is a diagram showing various steps taken to electrically power the electric compressor according to an exemplary implementation of the method according to the invention
• FIG. 3 represents, in the form of block diagrams, an example of regulation allowing the implementation of the method according to the invention.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrams making it possible in particular to highlight the contribution of the invention compared to the prior art.
• FIG. 1 An electrical network 1 used to electrically power an electric compressor 11 for supercharging a heat engine.
• the heat engine is used to propel a vehicle.
• the electrical network 1 can then be the vehicle's onboard network.
• the heat engine and the electric compressor 11 are part of an assembly which further comprises an electric machine 15, as will be seen later.
• the electric compressor 11 is configured to inject pressurized air into the intake line of the heat engine, this electric compressor 11 seconding or replacing the turbocharger of the vehicle particularly at low speed and during transient increases in load.
• the network 1 comprises a first circuit 2 and a second circuit 3.
• the first 2 and second 3 circuits are interconnected by a link member 5 which allows selective communication between the first circuit 2 and the second circuit 3.
• the connecting member 5 is for example a DC / DC voltage converter that can operate in booster mode or in step mode as required.
• the connecting member 5 can be formed by a simple switch, for example a mechanical switch such as a pusher, an electromechanical switch such as a relay, or an electronic switch such as a transistor.
• the connecting member 5 is a linear operating switch when it closes, or a resistance of variable value, this value can in particular vary between two extreme values whose ratio can be equal to ten or twenty, forty or even a hundred.
• the first circuit 2 comprises in the example described a first power source 7 supplying first electronic components 8.
• the first electronic components 8 are connected in parallel to the terminals of the first source 7.
• the electronic components 8 are for example components of comfort and / or safety of the vehicle.
• the second circuit 3 comprises a second power source 10, hereinafter referred to as the "electrical energy storage unit", at the terminals of which is connected the electric supercharging compressor 11.
• the electrical energy storage unit 10 can thus provide a first electrical energy to the electric compressor so as to drive the latter in rotation.
• the electrical energy storage unit 10 is a supercapacitor.
• the first source 7 provides for example a DC voltage of 12 V while the electrical energy storage unit provides a DC voltage of between 12 V and 30 V, for example 12 V or 16 V.
• the network 1 further comprises an electric machine 15 capable of operating as a generator. This is for example a synchronous machine with permanent magnets.
• This electrical machine 15 is here able to be connected selectively to the first circuit 2 or to the second circuit 3 via a switch 13.
• the switch 13 connects the electrical machine 15 to the terminals of the electric compressor 11, the electric machine 15 is connected in parallel with the electric energy storage unit 10, so that the electric compressor 11 can be simultaneously electrically powered by the first electrical energy supplied by the electrical energy storage unit. 10 and by the second electrical energy from the electric machine 15 operating as a generator.
• the network 1 may further comprise a starter (not shown) which is for example mounted in parallel with the electric machine 15.
• the network 1 further comprises a control unit 17, configured inter alia to act on the configuration of the connecting member 5, the switch 13, and to activate or not the electric compressor 11.
• the control unit 17 can be centralized or not and implements for example one or more microcontrollers. The operation of this control unit 17 will be described by the after.
• This control unit 17 may be distinct from the engine control unit (ECU). Alternatively, the control unit 17 is integrated with the engine control unit.
• the control unit 17 can determine that the electric compressor 11 is to be activated. This is particularly the case in the example shown at low speed or in case of transient load increase.
• FIG. 2 shows an example of control by the control unit 17 of the electric power supply of the electric compressor 11.
• Step 100 corresponds to the activation order of the electric compressor 11 to respond to a request. setpoint, for example on the engine speed.
• Step 101 corresponds to a check by the control unit 17 of the state of charge of the electrical energy storage unit 10.
• this state of charge is below a threshold value, for example a small percentage such that 50% of the nominal capacity of the electrical energy storage unit 10 when the latter is a "lead" battery
• the electric compressor goes into a state 202 in which the electrical power supply of the electric compressor 11 to put the latter in rotation is exclusively provided by the second electrical energy supplied by the electric machine 15 operating as a generator.
• the switch 13 is then controlled so that it electrically connects the electric machine 15 and the electric compressor 11.
• the electric compressor goes into a state 200 in which it is electrically powered exclusively by the first electrical energy supplied by this unit 10.
• This state 200 remains until it is detected during a step 102 by the control unit 17 that the value of the rotational speed of the electric compressor 11 is greater than a first threshold value.
• This first threshold value is for example equal to a percentage of a set value, in particular established by the engine control unit of the vehicle.
• the control unit 17 proceeds in a step 103 to a comparison between the value of the electric power of the electric compressor 11 and a second threshold value.
• This second threshold value is in the example considered a percentage of the nominal power of the electric compressor 11. It is determined for example if the power of the electric compressor 11 is less than 90% of the nominal power of this compressor 11. If yes , the electric compressor 11 remains in the state 200.
• the control unit 17 proceeds in a step 104 to a comparison between the value of the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine thermal and a third threshold value.
• This third threshold value is for example equal to a percentage of a set value, established in particular by the ECU. During this step, it is determined, for example, whether the pressure measured in the intake manifold of the heat engine is greater than 90% of the set value set by the ECU.
• the intake pressure of the engine is sufficiently close to the set value for the electric machine 15 can be requested to provide the second electrical power without causing too much response time important and / or that it does lead to a too large sample of torque on it.
• the electric compressor 11 then goes into the state 201 in which it is both electrically powered by the first electrical energy supplied by the electrical energy storage unit 10 and by the second electrical energy coming from the electrical machine 15 operating in generator. In the negative, the electric compressor 11 remains in the state 200.
• This control implements a double regulation loop 300.
• a sensor 301 makes it possible to measure an operating parameter of the heat engine, which is, for example, the pressure in the intake manifold of the heat engine or the torque supplied by this heat engine.
• a first comparison 302 is performed between the value supplied by this sensor and a set value imposed for this parameter, in this example for the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine or the torque supplied by this engine.
• the setpoint is for example set by the ECU.
• the result of this comparison attacks a corrector 303 which is in the example of Figure 3 a PID type corrector.
• This corrector 303 thus generates a reference value of a control parameter of the electric compressor 11, for example a reference value of the speed of the electric compressor 11.
• a second comparison 306 is performed between the value supplied by the sensor and a percentage of the set value imposed for this parameter.
• the percentage is for example equal to that taken into account during step 104.
• the value provided by the sensor is compared in 306 with 90% of the set value imposed, for example by the ECU for the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine or the torque supplied by this engine.
• the result of this comparison attacks a corrector 308 which is in the example of Figure 3 also a PID type corrector. This corrector 308 thus generates a value of reference of a control parameter of the electric machine 15, for example of the supply voltage of the stator of the electric machine 15.
• the power of the electric compressor 11 is regulated by means of a given instruction while the power of the electric machine 15 is regulated by means of another instruction whose value is equal to a percentage the value of the setpoint used to regulate the power of the electric compressor 11.
• the difference in power due to the difference between these two setpoints may correspond to the power to be supplied by the electrical energy storage unit 10 when the electric compressor is in state 201.
• Figures 4 and 5 show different results obtained during a passage from 30 km / h to 70 km / h in 3 rd speed with a heat engine of 1, 2 L cubic capacity.
• FIG. 4 are represented different pairs of "acceleration time of the vehicle (in gray) / activation time of the electric compressor 11 (in black)" according to the magnitude of the power supply of the electric compressor 11 by the second energy electric. These times are expressed in seconds.
• the electric compressor goes into state 201 when the pressure in the intake manifold of the heat engine is greater than 95% of the set value, that is to say that step 104 is performed by comparison between the measured value for this pressure and a value equal to 95% of the third setpoint value.
• the power of the electric machine 15 is then regulated around a set value equal to 95% of the set value used to regulate the power of the electric compressor 11.
• the electric compressor goes into state 201 when the pressure in the intake manifold of the heat engine is greater than 90% of the set value, that is to say that step 104 is carried out by comparison between the measured value for this pressure and a value equal to 90% of the third setpoint.
• the power of the electric machine 15 is then regulated around a set value equal to 90% of the set value used to regulate the power of the electric compressor 11.
• the electric compressor goes into state 201 when the pressure in the intake manifold of the heat engine is greater than 85% of the set value, that is to say that step 104 is performed by comparison between the measured value for this pressure and a value equal to 85% of the third setpoint.
• the power of the electric machine 15 is then regulated around a set value equal to 85%> of the set value used to regulate the power of the electric compressor 11.
• the electric compressor goes into state 201 when the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine is greater than 80% of the set value, that is to say that step 104 is carried out by comparison between the measured value for this pressure and a value equal to 80% o of the third setpoint value.
• the power of the electric machine 15 is then regulated around a set value equal to 80% o of the set value used to regulate the power of the electric compressor 11.
• electric compressor 11 increases when moving from A to E.
• the electric machine 15 is directly used as a source of electrical energy, in a variant, this machine 15 can inject current into an intermediate storage unit and it is the latter that supplies the electric compressor with electricity. second electrical energy.
• the expression “comprising a” shall be understood as synonymous with the expression “including at least one” unless the contrary is specified.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-04-17 FR FR1353494A patent/FR3004862B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-04-15 JP JP2016508216A patent/JP2016522344A/ja active Pending
  • 2014-04-15 EP EP14725219.1A patent/EP2986463A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-04-15 KR KR1020157032754A patent/KR20160002935A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-04-15 US US14/784,864 patent/US20160131050A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-04-15 WO PCT/FR2014/050918 patent/WO2014170599A2/fr not_active Ceased

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