EP3076076B1 - Verfahren zur verbrennungsführung bei rostfeuerungen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur verbrennungsführung bei rostfeuerungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3076076B1
EP3076076B1 EP16000114.5A EP16000114A EP3076076B1 EP 3076076 B1 EP3076076 B1 EP 3076076B1 EP 16000114 A EP16000114 A EP 16000114A EP 3076076 B1 EP3076076 B1 EP 3076076B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
region
grate
burnout
primary combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16000114.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3076076A1 (de
Inventor
Robert von Raven
Johannes Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Original Assignee
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to PL16000114T priority Critical patent/PL3076076T3/pl
Publication of EP3076076A1 publication Critical patent/EP3076076A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
    • F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
    • F23B7/007—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with fluegas recirculation to combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/18—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using inclined grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
    • F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
    • F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for returning flue gases to the combustion chamber or to the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B2700/00—Combustion apparatus for solid fuel
    • F23B2700/018—Combustion apparatus for solid fuel with fume afterburning by staged combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for combustion management in grate firing, in which a primary combustion gas is passed through the fuel through a primary combustion region and sucked in the rear grate area, a portion of the exhaust stream and the combustion process is supplied as internal recirculation gas again.
  • This method is suitable for grate firing with a grate, a device below the firing grate for supplying primary combustion air through the firing grate, wherein in the firebox above the grate at least one exhaust duct is provided, wherein the suction side of a fan is connected to the suction duct, whose pressure side is connected via a line with nozzles.
  • a generic method and a generic grate firing are from the EP 1 901 003 A1 and the EP 1 726 876 A1 known. There recirculation gas is used to reduce the amount of exhaust gas flow and to reduce pollutant emissions.
  • the EP 1 901 003 suggests feeding a secondary combustion gas between the addition of internal recycle gas and the primary combustion region.
  • This secondary combustion gas is ambient air, ambient air, and external recirculation gas or only external recirculation gas that has passed through a steam generator and optionally an exhaust gas purification system.
  • the secondary combustion gas thus has an air content to promote combustion as secondary combustion air and to reduce the amount of primary combustion gas.
  • the DE 10 2008 054 038 B3 describes a process in which fuel gas is withdrawn, conditioned and post-combusted in a medium grate area. Only after the energetic utilization of this fuel gas, the residual gas is supplied to the flue gas.
  • the exhaust gases have a residence time of at least 2 seconds at a temperature of over 850 ° C in a first exhaust draft, preferably after the Rezirkulationsgaszu exit.
  • An improvement of the burnout can be achieved by supplying steam or an inert gas in the direction of flow to the primary combustion region as turbulence gas for generating a turbulence.
  • internal recirculation gas can be supplied in the flow direction before the supply of the fluidizing gas.
  • syngas calorific values of up to 4000 kJ / Nm 3 can be measured in the gasification area of the combustion chamber, so that a gasification process is present.
  • a syngas calorific value of more than 2000 kJ / Nm 3 and preferably more than 3000 kJ / Nm 3 is set.
  • the combustion management can thus be controlled so that the primary fuel conversion takes place on the grate under stoichiometric conditions, the fuel is thus gasified and the combustion takes place only by the addition of the internal recirculation gas.
  • the nozzles are arranged in the flow direction as first gas feed nozzles after the furnace grate.
  • the formation of the throttle cable and the arrangement of the nozzles are designed such that the exhaust gases reach a residence time of at least 2 seconds at a temperature of over 850 ° C. after the last supply of the internal recirculation gas.
  • turbulizing nozzles with an inert gas or steam connection are arranged between the combustion grate and the nozzles.
  • the gasification grate and the burn-out grate can represent successive air zones on a single grate.
  • firing plant has a hopper 1 with subsequentoptionschurre 2 for the task of the burning material on a feed table 3, are provided on the feed piston 4 back and forth to abandon the coming from the task chute 2 Brenngut on a combustion grate 5, on which the combustion takes place of the burning material, it is irrelevant whether it is an inclined or horizontal grate, no matter what principle is.
  • the plurality of chambers. 7 to 11 may be supplied to which by means of a fan 12 via a line 13 primary combustion air.
  • the arrangement of the chambers 7 to 11 of the grate is divided into several sub-wind zones, so that the primary combustion air can be adjusted differently according to the needs of the grate.
  • a combustion chamber 14 which merges in the front part in a flue gas pass 15, to connect to the units, not shown, such as a waste heat boiler and an emission control system.
  • nozzles 21 and 22 are provided which supply internal recirculation gas from the rear region of the combustion chamber 14 to the rising exhaust gas so as to mix the exhaust gas flow and to cause an afterburning of the flammable fractions in the exhaust gas.
  • exhaust gas is exhausted in the rear part of the combustion chamber, which is bounded by the ceiling 16, the rear wall 17 and the side walls 18, which is referred to as internal recirculation gas.
  • internal recirculation gas In the illustrated embodiment is a Suction opening 23 provided in the rear wall 17.
  • This suction opening 23 is connected to a suction side of a fan 25, so that exhaust gas can be sucked.
  • a line 26 With the pressure side of the fan, a line 26 is connected, which supplies the extracted exhaust gas amount nozzles 27 in the upper region of the flue 15, the burn-out region 28. A portion of the recirculation gas is forwarded from there to the nozzles 21 and 22.
  • the flue gas train 15 is clearly constricted to increase the turbulence and the mixing effect of the exhaust gas flow, the nozzles 27 being located in this constricted region.
  • nozzles 30 and 31 In the flue 15 are provided on one or more levels nozzles 30 and 31 to supply steam and / or inert gas on one or more levels the exhaust gas.
  • nozzles 32 and 33 are provided to supply external recirculation exhaust gas at one or more levels of the exhaust train 15 to the exhaust gas.
  • This external recirculation exhaust gas which has already passed through a steam generator and optionally an exhaust gas purification system (not shown), can be added to the internal recirculation exhaust gas, preferably in front of the fan 25, in addition to the nozzles 32 and 33.
  • 35 ambient air can be added to the internal recirculation gas via line.
  • FIGS. 3 to 8 show the FIGS. 3 to 8 different process variants in which the primary air at 51, the internal gas recirculation with 52, the exhaust gas with 53, the secondary air with 54, steam or inert gas with 55, external exhaust with 56 and ambient air with 57 are respectively designated.
  • FIG. 3 shows that on the in FIG. 2 shown secondary air can be completely dispensed with.
  • FIG. 4 becomes below the recirculation gas 52 steam or inert gas 55 added.
  • the FIG. 5 shows the external exhaust gas circulation 56 and the FIG. 6 shows an additional supply of internal recirculation gas 52 below the vapor injection 55.
  • a mixed gas of internal gas recirculation 52 and external gas recirculation 56 is supplied as internal recirculation gas 52 to the exhaust gas.
  • the embodiments with external recirculation gas and air supply are not the subject of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows that below the addition of the recirculation gas 52 in the flue 60 a constriction 61 can be provided, in the range of steam or inert gas 55 can be injected.
  • lambda values of 1.15 for example, lambda values of 0.5 in the region of constriction
  • 52 lambda values of 1.3 can be set above the firing grate
  • lambda values of 1.3 can be set above the feed of the internal recirculation gas
  • gases in the rear region of the grate aspirated with a lambda value of 0.65 and added about it with the addition of air with a lambda value of 0.15.
  • the area below the addition of the internal recirculation gas 52 is thus substoichiometric and forms the gasification area 62, while the area above it is superstoichiometric and serves as a burn-out area 63.
  • a syngas 74 with a calorific value of up to 4 MJ / m 3 is produced , which is burned out after the addition of external recirculation gas 75 in a burnout region 76 to exhaust gas 77 with a lambda value of 1.1 to 1.5. It should be dispensed with the addition of air 78 as completely as possible.
  • the slag 73 is followed by a combustion region 79, in which the slag 73 is burned with primary air 80 at lambda values above 1 to form slag 81 which burns out well.
  • This combustion region leads to an exhaust gas 82 with a lambda value of> 1, which is supplied to the burn-out region 76 as an internal recirculation gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP16000114.5A 2015-03-30 2016-01-19 Verfahren zur verbrennungsführung bei rostfeuerungen Active EP3076076B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16000114T PL3076076T3 (pl) 2015-03-30 2016-01-19 Sposób prowadzenia procesu spalania w paleniskach rusztowych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015003995.4A DE102015003995A1 (de) 2015-03-30 2015-03-30 Verfahren zur Verbrennungsführung bei Rostfeuerungen sowie Rostfeuerung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3076076A1 EP3076076A1 (de) 2016-10-05
EP3076076B1 true EP3076076B1 (de) 2018-08-15

Family

ID=55229496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16000114.5A Active EP3076076B1 (de) 2015-03-30 2016-01-19 Verfahren zur verbrennungsführung bei rostfeuerungen

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US10753604B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3076076B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP6653862B2 (pl)
KR (1) KR20160117306A (pl)
AU (1) AU2016201711B2 (pl)
BR (1) BR102016006958B1 (pl)
CA (1) CA2923869C (pl)
DE (1) DE102015003995A1 (pl)
DK (1) DK3076076T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2694862T3 (pl)
MX (1) MX389035B (pl)
PL (1) PL3076076T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT3076076T (pl)
RU (1) RU2712555C2 (pl)
SG (1) SG10201602008YA (pl)
TR (1) TR201815495T4 (pl)

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DE102017008123A1 (de) * 2017-08-30 2019-02-28 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Feuerungsanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Feuerungsanlage
JP6470377B1 (ja) * 2017-10-16 2019-02-13 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 二次燃焼室への酸素含有ガス供給方法及び二次燃焼設備
CN107830514A (zh) * 2017-10-28 2018-03-23 广东拓丰实业有限公司 一种燃气锅炉烟气再循环低氮燃烧装置
JP6620213B2 (ja) * 2018-11-28 2019-12-11 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 二次燃焼設備
CN112484072B (zh) * 2020-11-24 2022-06-17 湖南省农友机械集团有限公司 一种热风炉进风装置及热风炉
RU2750588C1 (ru) * 2020-12-11 2021-06-29 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова» Топка с наклонно-переталкивающей колосниковой решеткой для сжигания биотоплив
DE102022001707A1 (de) 2022-05-16 2023-11-16 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Labyrinthdichtung
WO2026063808A1 (en) * 2024-09-20 2026-03-26 Tautan Nicolae Valer Ctdl steam boilers on mixed solid fuel with high humidity >40% with combustion chamber on gn and/on gn +green h2 fuel

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TR201815495T4 (tr) 2018-11-21
JP6653862B2 (ja) 2020-02-26
AU2016201711B2 (en) 2020-10-01
CA2923869C (en) 2023-07-18
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MX389035B (es) 2025-03-20
PT3076076T (pt) 2018-11-26
US10753604B2 (en) 2020-08-25
BR102016006958A2 (pt) 2016-10-25
RU2712555C2 (ru) 2020-01-29
DK3076076T3 (en) 2018-12-10
SG10201602008YA (en) 2016-10-28
ES2694862T3 (es) 2018-12-27
AU2016201711A1 (en) 2016-10-20
JP2016191544A (ja) 2016-11-10
US20160290630A1 (en) 2016-10-06
EP3076076A1 (de) 2016-10-05
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PL3076076T3 (pl) 2019-01-31
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